语法系列复习专题十一

1、语法系列复习专题十一-状语从句、常用动词及搭配（一）状语从句状语从句有时间、地点、原因、目的、方式、结果、条件、让步等八种。一、时间状语从句：弓丨导词有 after，before，as, on ce, sin ce, till，un til，whe n，when ever，while，as soon as the moment/minute （一 就），the time,the day,every time,next time,each timeby the time of， no sooner than就），hardly whe（一就）. 例如：Each/Every time he come

2、s here,he will drop in on me.每次他来这儿他都顺便看我.He was ill last time I saw him.上次我见到他时他病了.No sooner had she heard the n ews tha n she crifi 一听到这个消息就哭了.辨析when 与 whilewhen引导的从句动词可以是延续性的或短暂性的，while引导的从句中动词必须是延续性的；在“bewhen句式中when表“at that time就在这时）'意，这样用的when不能换为 while; while有时并不表示时间，而表示对比，意而”、却” when无这样的

3、用法。例如：When I got home I found the door locked./While（或 When）we were working in the fields,it sudde nly bega n to rain ./He was wan deri ng through the streets whe n a bike hit him./His pencil is red,while mine is yellow.辨析till 与 until一般情况下可以互换，但until可以位于句首，till则不能。例如：Un til it stops raining，the chil

4、dre n can t go out.雨停了，孩子们才能出去.=Not until the rain stops can the children go out.、地点状语从句引导词有 where，wherever.例如：I ll go wherever the people want me to go.(whereve to any place where) He works where his gran dfather fought.(where= in the place where) Where there is a will,there is a way.(Where= In the

5、 place where)三、原因状语从句引导词有 because,since,as,now（that既然） 回答以why提出的问题时，只能用because而不能用as等。since= now（that）,表 既然”意，表示已知的或明显的原因，由此加以推论。例如：Now that/S ince you are free today,you may have a rest at home or go out for a walk. for是一个并列连词，用来连接两个并列句，引导的句子是对前面一句话的内容的推测或补充说明。例如：It must have rained last ni ght,for

6、 the ground is wet./The day has broke n,forthe birds are singing.这两句中的 for 都不可换为 because或 as,since等。)四、目的状语引导词有 so that,in order that,that,in case (免得，以防)。目的状语从句谓语常含有 can/could/may/might/will/would 等情态动词。例如：He ran as fast as possible in order that he could catch the bus./Please rem ind me of it aga

7、in tomorrow in case I forget.请明天再提醒我一下，以免我忘记。五、方式(或比较)状语从句引导词有 as,as if,as though,than,as/soas,the more 例如 more.Tom is not so/as tall as Joh n./It looks as if it is going to rain ./He runs faster tha n I.注：asas既可用于肯定句，又可用于否定句，soas只能用于否定句 六、结果状语从句引导词有sothat,such that,so th例如：1. He works so hard that

8、he makes great progress in his studies.2. It s such a difficult problem that nobody can work it out.3. There s not any noise here so that I feel very comfortable.第3个例句中so that从句不是目的状语从句，从结构上看没有can,may等情态动词，从意思上看 I feel very comfortalbe 是 There s not any noise的结果.七、条件状语从句引导词有 if,unless,as/so long as,

9、on condition that,in cas（如果）等，从句的时态用一 般现在时（含现在完成时），一般过去时（含过去完成时）分别代替一般将来时和过去 将来时。例如：If it rains tomorrowwon t go there./He said he would not go back home uni ess he had achieved a lot./I ll study so long as. I m alive./In case he come,let me know如果他来的话， 告诉我一声。If引导的条件句可以是真实性条件句，也可以是非真实性条件句（用于虚拟语气）八、让

10、步状语从句引导词有 though,although,even if,even though,as,whoever,whatever, however,no matte片 what/who/when/ 等。例如：Though/Although he is ill,he still goes to school./She started her experiment,even though she had little mon ey./Whatever you foun d,you must turn it in ./However hard he worked,he hardly made an

11、y progress.as作 尽管”意时，一般将其句中的表语放在句首，例如： You ng as he is,he knows a lot. =Although he is you ng,he kn ows a lot若表语为名词，冠词要省略，例如：Child as/though he is,he has remembered a lot of English words.(此句中 though 不可换为 although)although或though不能与 but同时出现在一个复合句中，但是“Although/Though，(and)yet 句式却是正确的。例如：Although it i

12、s raining heavily,yet they are repairing the bridge.状语从句考点分析1.If you go to Xi an,you will find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly.(上海高考)A. suppos ingB.supposedC.to suppose D.suppose析：than后实际上是一个比较状语从句的省略式，其完整形式是than they arecommonly supposed所以答案为 B.2. We won t give upwe should fail ten

13、 times.(NMET)A.eve n ifB.s inceC.whetherD.un til析：观察题干，空白处应填一表即使”之意的词，故应选A.3. What was the party like?Wonderful.It s yearsI enjoyed myself so much.(NMET)A.after B.whe nC.beforeD.si nee析：答话者既然说“ Won derful那么后面的话必然是对此作进一步的补充说明， 只有选D项才能表达我多年未曾这么开心过了 ”意思。注意这儿的since从 句中谓语动词 enjoyed是延续动词，该句相当于 I have nt e

14、njued myself so much for years.4. John plays football,if not better tha n,David.(NMET)A.as well B.as well as C.so well D.so well as析：if not better than是插入语，可将其撇开，这时空白处要填as well as才能与David相连接，D项在此不可用(soas只能用于否定句)。A、C两项皆少 as,故答案为B。5.lf we work with a strong will,we can overcome any difficulty,great it

15、is .(NMET)A.what B.how C.however D.whatever析：观察题目，可知空白处要填一词与great合表 无论多大”意。而howeverno matter how与great一起正好表此意，其余项都不能表这意思。故答案为 C。6. Mother was worried because little Alice was ill,especiallyFather wasaway in Fran ce.(NMET)A.as B.thatC.duri ngD.if析：首先可以排除C,因为during是介词，不能引导从句。B项that,D项if都 不能引导原因状语，故只能选

16、 A、as表因为”7.She thought I was talki ng about her daughter,in fact I was talki ngabout my danu ghter.A. whomB. whereC. whichD. while析：空白处需填一个表示转折对比的连词， while可表 而”、却”意，故答案为D. 8.I admit his good points I can see his bad on es.A.whe nB.asC.whileD.before析：若选A、B或D， admit应改为admitted，can应改为could，因为when,as表示

17、当的时候” befor表在之前”通常涉及过去某时发生的动作、情 况.此题选C，while在此不表当的时候”意，而表虽然、尽管”意。全 句意思是尽管我承认他的优点，我还是看到他的缺点 ”状语从句专练1. I get to Pairs, I'llcall you up at the airport.A.Si neeB.WhileC.O neeD.Altough2. the headmaster comes, we wo'discuss this plan.A.U nlessB.If notC.ExceptD.Whether3. Bill must have been away fr

18、om the office. how many times I phonedhim, no body an swered it.A.WhateverB.No matterC.In spite of D.Though4.I had been to Beijing long you visited it.A.beforeB.tillC.afterD.whe n5. ,he is good at draw ing.A.To be a childB.A child as he isC.As a childD.Child as he is6. Don t be discouraged . you hav

19、e fallen behind others.A.whetherB.as ifC.eve n ifD.however7. We can get there on time the car does nt break dow n.A.whileB.as long asC.so thatD.eve n if8. The vase on the left is than the one on the right,and no.A.more nicer； so expensiveB.much more better； as expensiveC.nicer； as expensiveD.better；

20、 such expensive9.lt wasn t long he joined the job.A.thatB.beforeC.u ntilD.a nd10. These planes can fly than the old ones.A.as fast three timesB.three times as fastC.three times fastD.three times faster11. had the bell rung the students took their seats.A.Hardly ； whenB.No sooner； whenC.Hardly ； than

21、D.No sooner； then12. many times, but he still couldn t understand it.A.Hav ing bee n toldC.He was told13. we have come, le'stay and enjoy it.A.ForB.As14. You'd better do you are required.A.likeB.which15. that none of us could follow him.A.He spoke very fastC.Too fast he spoke16'lstart ea

22、rly, it may be dark.A.howeverB.whetherB. Though had bee n told D.Havi ng toldC.BecauseC. thatD.asD.Si neeB.So fast he spokeD.So fast did he speakC.ifD.thoughA.After ； did the mother leaveB. Not until ； did the mother leaveC. Not until ； the mother leftD.Soon after； the mother had left18. the day wen

23、t on, the weather got worse.A.WithB.Si neeC.AsD.While19. He can'have gone out the light is still on.A.becauseB.si neeC.asD.for20was walking along the river I heard a cry for help.A.whileB.si neeC.whe nD.as21. We shouldntdo that dangerous experimen the teacher is with us.A.if notB.ifC.u nl ess22.

24、 He has little education he is unable to find a job.A.such； thatB.so； andC.so； that23. The soldier was wounded he pushed on.A.forB.a ndC.so24. The full letter reads follows.A.likeB.asC.thatD.as long asD.such； andD.yetD.which25. Will you go our motherland needs us most after graduation?A.thatB.whereC

25、.i n whichD.to the place which26. This is a revision paper. When you do it, yo' better make a mark youhave questi ons.A.whereB.the placeC.as ifD.si nee27. Water power station are built big water falls.A.where there areB.where there haveC.which hasD.which are28am sure ' meet kind hearted man

26、I go.A.whereB.to the place whereC.whereverD.the place29.She is so good at playing tabl tennis that she can hit the ball shewants it to go.A.the place whereB.thatC.i n whichD.where30t was his mother came in to prepare his lessons.17. the baby fell asleep the room.A.not un til ； did the boy beg in C.u

27、ntil; did the boy beginB.until ; that the boy beganD. not until; that the boy began状语从句专练答案:1 5 C A B A D16- 20 D B C D C6 10 C B C B D21 25 C C D B B11 15 A C D D D26 30 A A C D D常用动词搭配（一）含break词组：1. break away from摆脱、逃掉、改掉、断绝来往。例: The little boy broke away from his mother and ran away.2. break dow

28、 n 损坏、身体衰弱。例： The car broke dow n.3. break in 闯入、插嘴。vi.例: Don t break in when others are speaking.4. break into 闯入、打断，突然开始。例：They broke into the house.5. break out 爆发、发生。例： A quarrel broke out betwee n them.含call词组：1. call for叫（某人），接（某人），要求、需要。例: I ll call for you tomorrow morning.2. call in 召集、召来。例

29、： Wed better call in a doctor.3. call on/upon 访问、探望（某人）、号召。例：I called on him yesterday.4. call at 访问、探望（某处）。例：I hope to call at your office some day.5. call up 给打电话、使人想起。例：The picture calls up sce nes of my childhood.含catch词组1. catch/take/get hold of 握、抓住。例： He caught hold of the pig s ear.2. catch

30、sight o伎 see 看至U、发现。例： The little girl cried as soon as she caught sight of her mother.3. catch up with 赶上。 例: He tried to catch up with his classmates.含come词组1. come along起来，来至至、快点。例： Come along,or we ll be late.2. come back回来，恢复知觉、复活、被回忆起来。例：When he came back he foundhimeself tied to a tree.3. com

31、e down 下来，下降、跌价。例： I don t think the price of meat will come dow n.4. come in 进来。vi.5. come on/upon快点、赶快、进展、进行、偶遇。6. come out 出来、出版。例： The magaz ine comes out weekly.7. come to到达、谈到、涉及、合计、总计。8. come up 走过来、走近、长出、发芽。例：The seeds hasnt come up yet. cost，spend, pay，take1. cost 句型：sth. cost money/time； sth.cost sb. time/money劳力2. spend句型：表 花费时”：sb.spend time/money on s