2025年上海市高考英语热点复习：六选四句子还原之说明文（上）

专题16句子还原六选四之说明文（上）

目录

题型综述.........................................................................2

解题攻略........................................................................3

题型01主旨概括句题............................................................3

题型02过渡衔接句题.............................................................5

题型03细节支撑句题.............................................................7

题型04结论概括句题...........................................

高考练场.......................................................

01题型综述

♦题型简介

上海高考英语阅读句子还原六选四说明文，主要向读者介绍知识,说明事物原理，解释操作流程或阐释社会文化现象等。

文本条理清晰，常运用小标题，逻辑连接词来组织行文,让复杂内容层次分明，方便读者理解。这类题型要求考生从六个备

选项中选出四个合适的句子，填补文章空缺处，使文意连贯，逻辑顺畅，综合考查阅读理解，语篇分析及上下文衔接能力。

♦命题类型

>主旨概括句：常位于段落开头，用来点明段落核心主题，起引领全段内容的作用，如选段围绕某种环保新技术展开，此

空句子会概括该技术的总体特性。

>过渡衔接句：衔接上下文，既总结上文要点，又引出下文话题，让行文过渡自然,毫无突兀感。比如前文讲传统教育模

式，后文谈线上教育革新,中间过渡句就需关联二者。

>细节支撑句：为前文提出的论点，概念提供具体例子，数据，解释说明,充实文章内容，让抽象观点变得具体可感，像提到

健康饮食好处后,紧跟列举具体有益的食材。

>结论概括句：考查对文章结论的概括能力，选项需要能够总结文章的主要观点。

♦解题思路

•通读全文，把握大意：快速浏览文章标题,首尾段以及各段首句，明晰文章大致主题，明确是介绍科技产品，文化习俗,

还是科普自然现象等，构建宏观框架认知。

•看设空位置，预判功能：如果空缺在段首，大概率是主旨句，要找能总领全段的选项,在段中，多为过渡或细节支撑句,

需联系前后文语义关联，处于段尾,可能是总结句，或是引出下段话题的过渡语。

•圈画关键词，找呼应：在设空处上下文中圈出名词，动词，形容词等实词，以及逻辑连接词。比对选项，找出含相同，相近

关键词，或是存在因果，转折，并列等逻辑呼应的句子。例如,上文有“but”表转折，选项也应有转折语义相关内容。

•利用逻辑线索:关注文中“firstly”“secondly”“moreover”“however”"therefore”这类逻辑词,它们能清晰展示行文顺序,

语义递进,转折对比,因果推导关系，顺着逻辑链条筛选适配选项。

•代入检查：把选定的选项依次代入原文空缺处，通读全文，核查上下文衔接是否流畅，语义是否连贯,语法有无错误，若

读起来拗口，语义断裂，需重新斟酌选项。

02解题攻略

题型01主旨概括句题

提分秘籍

图后弱

♦关注段首或段尾:主旨概括句通常出现在段首或段尾，段首概括句要根据后文内容推断，查找同义

词或相关词,段尾概括句则要总结上文。

♦利用关键词和重复信息：快速浏览选项和文章，找出关键词和重复信息，这些往往是概括主题的

线索。

♦排除干扰项：I干扰项可能过于宽泛，以偏概全或偏离主题，通过对比排除这些选项。

典例岂也

（2025年闵行一模）

A.Couldapillmakesocialsituationsfeellessthreatening?

B.Socialconnectionsarealsoessentialforahealthylifestyle.

C.It'slikedrivinginthewinterwhenyoucan'tseeclearly.

D.Isthereastrongconnectionbetweenmemoryenhancementandstressreduction?

E.Atthesametime,itcanalsomakethemdefensivewhenjudgingothers.

F.Unfortunately,thefearwillappearrepeatedlyandinfluenceyourperceptionofthings.

CanaPillFightLoneliness?

48That'sthefocusofaclinicalexperimentthatCacioppoisoverseeing.Forayearandahalf,96lonelybuthealthy

subjectshavebeentakingacertainamountofpregnenolone,achemicalsubstanceassociatedwithmemoryenhancementand

stressreduction.

Thegoaloftheresearchistoseehowbalancingpregnenolonelevelsaffectsthesubjects.Thepillcouldhelpreducethe

fearthatmakeslonelypeoplewithdrawandactmorecalmlyinsocialsituations.49Theideaisthatapillcouldclearyour

view,helpingyouseethingsclearlyinsteadoffeelingafraidofeveryone.Thenyoubecomemorewillingtolistentoothers.

（2025年虹口一模）

TheBenefitsofTalkingtoYourDog

Furthersupportforthisphenomenoncomesfroma2022study.Itwasfoundthatbyengaginginmicro-breakstopettheir

pup,thepeopleareabletorelaxandrecover-inwaysthatinteractingwithunfurryfamilymembersdoesn't.

50"Theycansensewhenwe'reupset-andtheyarearguablybetteratreadingusthansomepeopleare,^^says

Kogan.And"becauseweknowthatourdogsreadussowell,weregulateourselvessoasnottoupsetourdogs,whichishelpful

forusaswell.^^Ifsapositivefeedback/。4（反馈回路）.

A.Adogwon'ttrytofixtheproblemthewaysomepeopledo.

B.Dogsarenotjustpetsbutbelovedmembersofafamily.

C.Dogsarefantasticatreadingus.

D.Readingandunderstandingtheneedsofpetshelpsimproveouroverallemotionalwell-being.

E.Talkingtoyourdogaboutemotionallyfrustratingissuescanbeparticularlybeneficial.

F.They'remorelikelytodistractyou.

题型02过渡衔接句题

图国国国

♦瞻前顾后找启示：阅读设空处前后句，寻找提示词，短语或句子，结合上下文内容，看所选答案是否

能将两部分内容衔接起来。

♦利用过渡衔接词语：注意选项中出现的过渡衔接词语，如表示并列，递进，转折，因果等关系的词语,

根据这些词语确定过渡句表示的逻辑关系。

♦理清逻辑关系：明确选项与上下文之间的逻辑关系，如顺逆关系，因果关系，解释关系,例证关系等,

确保过渡自然。

典例岂也

（2025年浦东新区一模）

A.Threedayslater,theysawaninterestingchainofevents.

B.Andheselectivelytreatedhiswoundandnotanyotherbodyparts.

C.Rakusmayhaveobservedhismotherdemonstratinghowtotreatwounds.

D.Laumerandcolleaguesdonotknowhoworwherethisbehaviororiginated.

E.Thefindingsmayprovideinsightsintotheevolutionofthisbehavioramonghumans.

F.Ifsthefirstreportofsuspectedwoundtreatmentbyawildanimalusingaplantwithknown

medicinalproperties.

Orangutantreatshiswoundwithamedicinalplant

Self-medicationhasbeendocumentedinmultiplewildpri机成e（灵长类）species,butnotapplyingthemtorecentwounds.

Thereisonlyoneotherstudyofactivewoundtreatmentbygreatapes.Severalyearsago,researchersreportedonepopulation

ofchimpanzeesinGabon,appliedflyinginsectstotheirownwounds.However,theresearcherscouldnotidentifytheinsectsor

makeanyconclusionsabouttheeffectivenessofthetreatment.

（50）Perhapsheaccidentallytouchedawoundwhilefeedingonaplantandexperiencedits

（镇痛的）effects,causinghimtorepeatthebehavior.ItisalsopossiblethatRakuspreviouslylearnedthebehavior

fromotherorangutans,sinceyoungorangutansrelyonsociallearningtoacquiretheskillsnecessaryforadultlife.

（2025年普陀区一模）

A.However,itisnotacomparisonthatthe11-year-oldisparticularlykeenon.

B.Interestingly,itwasoftenduringunexpectedmomentsthatabeautifulmelodysuddenlycametoher.

C.Deutschefsmostambitiousworkhasenabledtheaudiencetoseehertalent.

D.Insteadoftheglassslipperofthefairytale,theprincelooksforalostmelodyhecannotquiteremember.

E.TheworkreinventedtheCinderellafairytaletobesetinanoperahouseruledbyameanstepmother.F.She

nevergotnervousonstage,asshewasjusthappythatpeoplewantedtolistentohermusic.

LittleMissMozart

An11-year-oldBritishcomposerearnedcomparisonswithMozartafterheroperaopenedinViennatoenthusiasticapplause.

AlmaDeutscher,wholivedinSurreywithherparents,wasalreadyworld-famousasaviolinistandpianistbeforeherfirst

full-lengthoperamadeitsfirstperformanceontheAustrianstage.

47CinderellawasacomposerwhomDeutscherdescribedas"abitlikeme".Deutschersaidmuchofthe

musicalinspirationbehindCinderellaandothercompositionscamewhenhermindwaselsewhere.Duringaninterviewwith

NBC'sTodayshow,sheexplainedthattryingtocreatebeautifulmelodiesondemandoftenresultedinablankmind.

48______

题型03细节支撑句题

提分秘籍

O国困

♦分析段落内部逻辑：细节支撑句通常出现在段落内部，要根据段落主题句和前后句的逻辑关系来确定答案。

♦关注逻辑关系标志词：注意设空处前后句中的逻辑关系标志词，如条件，原因，让步，递进，对比，列举，结果等，根据

这些词提示的逻辑关系选择合适的细节支撑句。

♦寻找相关信息词：选项中寻找与设空处前后句相关的词汇或信息确保细节支撑句与上下文内容紧密相连。

典例剖析

（2025年青浦一模）

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbe

usedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.

A.Thatsomethingcouldbeashrinkingofthegreen.

B.Severalenvironmentalfactorscouldexplainthespreadoffatness.

C.Heemphasizesthatfurtheractionisneededtoprovetheassociationbetweengreenspaceaccessandchildhood

fatness.

D.InSeptembertheU.S.approvedtheNoChildLeftInsideActtoencouragepublicinitiativesaimedatexposing

kidstotheoutdoors.

E.Suchfindingstellapowerfulstory.

F.Initspurestsense,agreenneighborhoodsimplymeansmoreplacesforkidstoplay,whichiscloselyrelatedto

children'sactivitylevels.

UrbanGreenSpacesandTheirImpactonChildren'sHealth

Exposuretograssyareashasalsobeenlinkedtolessstressandalowerbodymassindex（指数）amongadults.Andan

analysisof3,000Tokyoresidentsassociatedwalkablegreenspaceswithgreaterlongevityamongseniorcitizens.

Glasscautionsthatmoststudiesdon'tnecessarilyproveacausallinkbetweengreennessandhealth,butthey're

nonethelesshelpingurgeaction.50

So,ifyouliveinasuburboracitywithgoodparks,takeadvantageofwhafsthere.Yourchildreninparticular

（2025年长宁一模）

Machineidentifiessongsfrompeople'sbrainwaves

Artificialintelligencehaslearnedtoidentifythesongssomeoneislisteningtofromtheirbrainreadings.

DerekLomasatDelftUniversityofTechnologyintheNetherlandsandhiscolleaguesasked20peopletolistento12songs

throughheadphones.47Eachperson'sbrainwaveswererecordedusinganEEG（脑电图）capthatdetectselectrical

activity.

TheEEGreadingsfromeachpersonwerecutintoshortpiecesandusedalongwiththematchingmusiccliptotrainanAIto

spotpatternsbetweenthetwo.48ButthesoftwarestrugglesifitistrainedonEEGdatafromonepersonandthen

attemptstoidentifyasongwhensomeoneelselistenstoit.Accuracyinsuchtestsfelltolessthanoneineverytenattempts.

A.Lomashopesthatthiswillfurtherourunderstandingofthebrain,aswellasboostknowledgeofhowandwhy

humansconsumemusic.

B.TheAIwasthentestedonunseenportionsofthedata,identifyingsongswithaprecisionof85percent.

C.TheexperimentwasconductedtodetermineifAIcouldreplacehumanmusicians.

D.ThissuggeststhattheAFsabilitytoidentifysongshighlydependsontheindividual'sbrainactivity.

E.Thevolunteersdidthisblindfoldedandinafaintlylitroomtominimisetheeffectoftheirothersensesonthe

results.

F.Theresearchersbelievethatthisisduetoeachperson'spreferencetowardsasongbeingunique.

（2025年徐汇一模）

Thepowerofplacebo（安慰剂）

Haveyouevertakenapillforaheadacheandfeltinstantreliefeventhoughthere?snowaythemedicinecouldhavetaken

effectsoquickly?Ifso,you'vepersonallyexperiencedamedicalphenomenonknownastheplaceboeffect.47____Inthe

abovesituationregardingyourheadache,theactiveingredient（成分）couldn'thavebeenresponsibleforyourreducedpain.So

whydidthesymptomsimprove?

Scientistsdon'tcompletelyunderstandthemechanismsbehindtheeffect,buttheyhavedeterminedthatanindividuaFs

conditioningandexpectationslikelyplayamajorrole.Withyourheadache,forexample,youexpectedthepainkillertowork

becausepillshaverelievedyourheadachesinthepast.48____Infact,thelattermeansaplacebocanstillworkevenwhen

someoneknowsit'snotrealmedicine!Otherfactorsthatcaninfluencehowwellatreatmentworksincludebeingtoldit's

effectivebyadoctor,yourdoctor'sbodylanguageortoneofvoice,andtheknowledgethatyou'retakingactiontosolvethe

problem.

A.Unfortunately,ourexpectationscanalsoworkagainstus.

B.Believeitornot,therearelimitstoeventhestrongestplaceboeffect.

C.Thiseffectoccurswhenapatientisgivenatreatmentthatisabletoimprovetheirsymptomseventhoughitlacks

anactiveingredient.

D.Additionally,youprobablyassociatepillsingeneralwithrecoveringfromillness.

E.Ifwecanlearntomakeuseofthepowerofpositivethinking,perhapsonedaywecanevenmovebeyondusing

traditionaldrugstotreatminorsymptoms!

F.Andinroutinemedicalpractice,placebosarerarelyusedonpurpose.

题型04结论概括句

回国图困

♦注意总结性信号词：结论概括句常含有总结性的信号词，如therefore,asaresult,thus,hence,in

short,tosumup,toconclude,inaword等。

♦总结上文内容：根据上文的论述内容，选择能够总结或概括上文观点,信息的选项。

♦与主题句呼应：结论概括句要与文章或段落的主题句相呼应，确保文章结构完整，逻辑清晰。

典例同也

（2025年松江一模）

ProtectingWetlands

WetlandsareamongthemosteffectiveecosystemsonEarth,providingahabitatforawidevarietyofplantandanimal

speciesandthereforeplayacrucialroleinmaintainingenvironmentalbalanceandsupportingbiodiversity.Forinstance,theycan

actasnaturalwaterpurifiersandabsorbingharmfulsubstancesfromrunoff（地表径流）beforetheyreachlargerbodiesofwater.

―47—.

A.Wetlandsareknownfortheirabilitytofeedpartoftheworld.

B.Thishelpstopreservecleanwaterforhumansandwildlifealike.

C.Withoutthem,thecityconstructionwillslowdowninsomeway.

D.Manywetlandshavebeenfilledtomakewayforfieldsandbuildings.

E.Besidestheirecologicalbenefits,wetlandsoffereconomicandrecreationalvalue.

F.Thesecallforcooperationbetweengovernments,organizationsandcommunities.

（2025年崇明一模）

A.One7-minuteblockhadpeoplesittinginsilence.

B.Inthiscase,thebrainmightbetuningintothemusic.

C.Theauthorssuggesteditwasevidenceofmusicbeingmorethanadistractionfromanunpleasantexperience.

D.Andthemosteffectivepainrelieverswerefoundtobesadsongsdetailingbittersweetandemotional

experiences.

E.Nevertheless,whileourbodiesstillfeelthepain,themessagestomakeourconsciousmindperceivethepain

maynotberelayed.

F.Peoplewholistenedtobittersweetsongsalsoreportedmorethrills（震颤感）andshivers（哆嗦）ontheskinfrom

listeningtopleasurablemusic.

CertainTypesofMusicCouldHelpYouFeelLessPain,NewStudySays

Thereisnodoubtthatmusiccancalmthesoulforsome,anditturnsoutthatitcouldalsobeatemporaryrelieverfor

physicalpain.

Listeningtofavoritesongscouldreducepeople'sperceptionofpain,accordingtoanewstudy.

47

Whenratingtheirexperiences,peopleweremorelikelytoreportfeelinglesspainwhenlisteningtotheirfavoritesongs

comparedwithhearingtheunfamiliarrelaxingsongorsilence.Thescrambledsongsdidnotreducepaineither.49

Afterinterviewingtheparticipantsaboutthesongtheybroughtandtheirratingofpain,theresearchersfoundpeoplewho

listenedtobittersweetandmovingsongsfeltlesspainthanwhentheylistenedtosongswithcalmingorcheerfulthemes.

高考练场

（2025年杨浦一模）

DislikingVegetablesCanRuboffonOthers

Scientistshavelongbeeninterestedinwhysomepeoplelikevegetablesandwhyothersdon't,wheneatinggreensisgoodfor

you.___47___Apparently,watchingsomeoneeatingvegetablesandvisiblydislikingthemcouldputyouoffthemabittoo.

Aresearchteamsetaboutinvestigatinghowthefacialexpressionsthatpeoplemakeastheyeataffectapersonwatching

them.Theyaskedmorethan200womentowatchvideosofotheradultseatingrawbroccoli.Thepeopleinthevideoswouldhave

differentexpressionswhileeating.Theywouldsmile,lookneutralorlooksickenedbywhattheyweretasting.Thestudyfound

thatwatchingpeoplereactwithstrongdisliketothebroccolireducedhowmuchthewomenlikedit.___48___

Humanslearnwhichbehaviourswillbenefitthem,includingeating,bywatchingthereactionsofothers.___49___Scientists

thinkthatpeoplemightavoidfoodthatappearssickeningbecauseitcouldhelptoprotectthemfromeatingsomethingthattastes

badorcouldbedangerous.

Althoughtheresearchonlyfocusedonadults,expertsthinktheresultscouldalsoapplytochildren.Thismeansthatif

childrensawtheirparents,brothersorsistersnotenjoyingcertainfoods,includingvegetables,theymightnotwanttoeatthem

either.___50___

Understandingmoreabouthowadults'behaviourinfluenceschildren'senjoymentoffoodcouldhelptofindwaysto

encourageyoungpeopletoeatmoreofthefoodsthataregoodforthem.

A.Apreviousstudyfoundthatchildrenbetweentheagesoffourandsixyearsoldweremorelikelytoeatbroccoliifthey'dseen

videoclipsofadultsenjoyingit.

B.However,apositivefacialexpressiondidn'tmakethemlikebroccolimore.

C.Infact,theimpactofobservingotherseatextendsbeyondsimplydiningmanners.

D.Thisisknownassocialmodelling,anditisastronginfluenceonpeople'seatinghabits.

E.Anewstudyhasfoundthatotherpeople'slikesanddislikescouldplayapart.

F.Thisphenomenon,oftenreferredtoassocialinfluence,highlightshowoureatingbehaviorsarenotshapedbythebehaviorsof

thosewedinewith.

（2025年静安一模）

Thecomingofanewyearmarksafreshstartandmotivatesmanypeopletobreakbadhabits.Someareeasiertoshakethan

others.However,thetendencytoprocrastinateisamongthestickiest.Whetherit'sfinishingapieceofwork,sendinganemailor

goingforarun,sometaskscanbecomeunconquerable.Theeasiestwaytodealwiththesetasksistoputthemoffuntillateror

neveratall.Ifsprocrastination.Itisaspecificformofdelaythatisbothunnecessaryandvoluntary.47____Atitsheart,

procrastinationisaboutavoidance.Ratherthanthetaskitself,it'softentheemotionsattachedtoanactivitythatcausepeopleto

pause.Handlingthefirstlinesofacollegeessaymaybringupfeelingsofself-doubt,forexample.Whenyou'refacedwitha

broadquestionortopictowriteabout,thelackofclearinstructionscanproduceafearofnotgettingitrightorofwhatmight

happenifyougetitwrong.

Thepersonprocrastinatingusuallydoessodespiteknowingthatthetaskisimportantorvaluabletothemorothersandthat

puttingitoffcouldberiskytothemorothers.Bigprojectsmaybringoverpoweringfeelingswhicharelikelytoleadto

procrastination.48Answeringanordinaryemailfromwork,forexample,maybringinstantdiscomfort,sotheurgeto

escapesuchnegativeemotiondefeatsone'sdutytocompletethedailytask.

Likeanypersonalitycharacter,therearesomebiologicalconnections.Researchsuggeststhatprocrastinationislinkedto

impatienceonageneticlevel.Itmaybeapassed-downproperty.49Environmentalfactorsarejustasimportantin

shapingourresponsetotasks.Someonewhodoesn'tusuallyprocrastinatecandosoiftheyfindthemselvesinasituationthat

exhauststheirrespondingabilities,suchasthedeathofafomilymember.50

Ofcourse,procrastinationcanpileonmorepressuresbyleavingataskhangingoveraperson'shead,thusproducinga

negativecyclethatcandamagementalhealth,loweracademicperformanceandleadtofinancialtrouble.

A.Butthatdoesn'tmeanyou'restuckandthafswhoyouare.

B.Procrastinationbecomesaneasyand'dirty'wayofreactionwhenyourhandlingresourcesaremaxedout.

C.Chancesarethatyouwillfindyourselfsupportedbyprocrastinationallalong.

D.Itisn'tcausedbytheperson'sneedtoprioritizeothertasksorbyanunexpectedemergency.

E.Youwillbecomeincreasinglyfrustratedwithyourselffornotgettingthetaskdone.

F.However,thethreatcanalsocomefromsomethingtiny.

（2025年黄浦区一模）

Hiking:HowtoGetStarted

Hiking,aformofexerciseolderthanexerciseitself,issohotrightnow.Fordedicatedhikers,hikingoffersfreedomand

perspective.Butforthoseofuswhohaven'tspentserioustimeoutdoorssincesummercamp,ahalf^dayhikecanbedifficult.

Howcanyouavoidgettinglostorinjured?Doyoureallyneedspecialhikingshoes?47

Ifyou'rerelativelyactive,you'reprobablyalreadytrainingjustbygoingforwalks.48Totrainforsharperland,

walkuphillsortakethestairsinsteadofalift.

Thekeytoarelaxinghikeisbeingaspreparedaspossiblefortheunknown,whetherit'sasuddendownpouroraninjured

ankle.Everyhikershouldbringthe10essentials,whichincludefoodanddrink,firstaidsupplies,amapandcompassand

rainwear.49Youdon'tneedtoinvestinspecialhikingshoes.Youdoneedtowearshoesthatofferfirmnessand

protection,especiallyifthetrackisrocky,sharporpotentiallymuddy.

Finallytoavoidinjury,don'tpushyourselftoohardorfastthroughmorechallengingtracks.Remember:50Slow

down,takeinthescenery,listentothebirds,andjustbepresentinnature.

A.Whathappensifyoulosecell-phoneservice?

B.Thepointistobeabletoseetheviewsandsmelltheflowers.

C.Butthemostessentialequipmentisfootwearbecauseyourfeetareliterallyyourfoundation.

D.Spendingtimeinnatureandhavingexperiencesthatinspireamazementcanlowerstressandanxiety.

E.Iftheideaofbreakingasweatonthetrackssoundsappealingbutyou'renotsurehowtostart,we'vegotyoucovered.

F.Itcanbeassimpleasheadingoutthedoorandwalkingfor40minutestoanhourtobuildupstrengthandendurance.

（2025年闵行一模）

Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesgivenbelow.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Note

thattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.

A.Couldapillmakesocialsituationsfeellessthreatening?

B.Socialconnectionsarealsoessentialforahealthylifestyle.

C.It'slikedrivinginthewinterwhenyoucan'tseeclearly.

D.Isthereastrongconnectionbetweenmemoryenhancementandstressreduction?

E.Atthesametime,itcanalsomakethemdefensivewhenjudgingothers.

F.Unfortunately,thefearwillappearrepeatedlyandinfluenceyourperceptionofthings.

CanaPillFightLoneliness?

“Haveyouevertakenawalkinthewoodsandjumpedbackbecauseyousawastickonthegroundandthoughtitwasa

snake,“asksresearcherStephanieCacioppo."Thelonelypeopleseesnakesallthe

Cacioppoistalkingaboutalong-termlonelinesscontradiction:Aperson'sbrainfeelsthatsomethingiswrongandthatthey

shouldconnectwithothers.47Consequently,theyfocusonthenegativesignalstheythinkthey'regetting,whichkeeps

themfromconnecting.

48That'sthefocusofaclinicalexperimentthatCacioppoisoverseeing.Forayearandahalf,96lonelybuthealthy

subjectshavebeentakingacertainamountofpregnenolone,achemicalsubstanceassociatedwithmemoryenhancementand

stressreduction.

Thegoaloftheresearchistoseehowbalancingpregnenolonelevelsaffectsthesubjects.Thepillcouldhelpreducethe

fearthatmakeslonelypeoplewithdrawandactmorecalmlyinsocialsituations.49Theideaisthatapillcouldclearyour

view,helpingyouseethingsclearlyinsteadoffeelingafraidofeveryone.Thenyoubecomemorewillingtolistentoothers.

Whiledevelopingapilltoaddressthebrainsignalsthatleadtolonelinessholdspromise,itshouldnotbeseenastheonly

solution.50Buildingmeaningfulrelationshipsisjustasimportantaseatingrightandexercising.

变其演至

A

【来源】上海市育才中学2023-2024学年高三上学期期末英语试卷

Modemcomputertechnologyhasmadeanewkindofhumanrelationshippossible:onlinefriendship.]Are

onlinefriendshipsasbeneficialasface-to-facefriendships?Whataretheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofhavingvirtualfriends?

Canpeopleformstrongbondsonline?Todaythesequestionsarethesubjectoflivelydebate.

SomepeoplebelievethattheInternetisthebestwaytomakenewfriends.Ifsconvenient,ifsfast,anditallowsmaking

contactwithdifferentkindsofpeoplefromallovertheworld.Whenyouusesocialnetworking,websitesandchatrooms,you

caneasilyfindpeoplewithinterestsandhobbiessimilartoyours.Informationupdatesandphotosaddtotheexperience.

MakingfriendsontheInternetisespeciallygoodforshypeoplewhofeeluncomfortableinsocialsituations.Ifsofteneasierto

sharethoughtsandfeelingsonline.2Theycanmakepeoplefeellesslonelyandhelpthemsolveproblems.

AlthoughtheInternetcanencouragefriendship,ithasamajordisadvantage.3Onlinefriendsonlytellyouwhat

theywantyoutoknow.Theysometimesexaggeratetheirgoodqualitiesandhidethelesspositiveones,soyoucan'tbesureof

whattheyreallylike.Thatiswhyyoushouldnotgivepersonalinformationtoanyoneonlineunlessyou'retotallysureofwho

thatpersonis.

Canonlinefriendshipbeasmeaningfulasface-to-faceones?Therearedifferentpointsofview.Researchersatthe

UniversityofSouthernCaliforniasurveyed2,000householdsintheUnitedStates.Theresultsshowedthatmorethan40

percentofparticipantsfeel“asstronglyabouttheironlinebuddies^^astheydoabouttheir“offline“friends.4Incontrast,

therearemanypeoplewhobelievethatit'snotpossibletohavedeeprelationshipswithonlinefriends,AyoungIndiansoftware

engineer,LalithaLakshmipathy,says,"it'sgoodtofeelconnectedwithmanypeople,butallmye-buddiesarenotnecessarily

myclosefriends.Theysaythatit'shardtodevelopfeelingsoftrustandconnectionwhenyoudon'tshareexperiencesin

person.

Peoplecontinuetoexpressdifferentopinionsaboutonlinefriendship.However,mostofthemwouldagreethatvirtual

friendshipsmustnotreplaceface-to-facefriendships.Asonelifecoachsays,t6asocialnetworkingsiteshouldonlybethe"add

on'inanyrelationship.

A.Inaddition,virtualfriendscanofferemotionalsupport.

B.Whenyou'renotfacetoface,it'smucheasiertodeceivepeople.

C.Manypeoplewouldagree.

D.Researchersalsofoundthatit'snotunusualfbronlinefriendstobecomeface-to-facefriend.

E.Onlinefriendsmaybeofhelpinmanyways.

F.Onlinefriends,orvirtualfriends,arepeoplewhohavebecomeacquaintedwitheachotherthroughtheInternet.

B

【来源】上海市闸北第八中学2023-2024学年高三上学期期中英语试卷

Soilconservationmethodshelpfarmersprotecttheirlandfromthedamagecausedbyfarmingandtheforcesofnature.

Onemethodofsoilconservationistheuseofwindbreaks.Windbreaksarebarriersformedbytreesandotherplants.5

Windbreakshelppreven