高一第一学期英语第一周

1、第一周学习内容词汇：本单元词汇核心：了解词汇的基本组成是由前缀和后缀组成，本单元必须了解的前缀为：sur、per（全部）；cern(心)；词汇的记忆方法：根据音标记忆（亘古不变的方法）；根据前缀和后缀记忆；形象记忆法，such as:gossip 有些东西到处（go）被谈论(sip)-谈论。set down :加介词down。survey 调查；测验 add up 合计upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的 vt.使不安；使心烦。ignore 不理睬，忽视calm vt.vi（使）平静；（使）镇定 adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的calm ()down （使）平静下来；（使）镇静下来Ha

2、ve（ got ）to 不得不；必须concern （使）担忧；涉及；关系be concerned about 关心；挂念 concern in 涉及 concern for （care for）喜欢 walk the dog 遛狗loose 松的；松开的loose cannon 我行我素vet 兽医go through 经历；经受set down 记下；放下；登记登记：register in series 连续；系列a series of 一连串的；一系列；一套outdoors 在户外；在野外 -indoorsspellbinding 迷住；迷惑on purpose 故意in order t

3、o 为了dusk 黄昏；傍晚 at dusk 在黄昏时刻thunder v打雷；雷鸣；n雷；雷声entire 整个的；完全的；全部的entirely 完全地；全然地；整个地power 能力；力量；权力face to face 面对面地 hand in hand 手拉手curtain 窗帘；门帘；幕布dusty 积满灰尘的 ash=dust 灰尘 no longernotany longer 不再partner 伙伴；合作者；合伙人 er/or /ant大多数表示人settle 安家；定居；停留 使定居；安排；解决suffer 遭受；忍受；经历suffer from 遭受；患病lonelines

4、s 孤单；寂寞highway 公路；大路；<美>高速公路=high+wayrecover 痊愈；恢复；重新获得=rallygetbe tired of 对厌烦pack 捆扎；包装；打行李 小包；包裹pack（sth）up 将（东西）装箱打包suitcase 手提箱；衣箱= suit +caseovercoat 大衣；外套=over +coatteenager 十几岁的青少年=juvenileget along with 与相处；发展gossip 闲话；闲谈fall in love 相爱 爱上exactly 确实如此；正式；确切地disagree (with) 不同意grateful

5、 感激的；表示谢意的dislike 不喜欢；厌恶join in 参加；加入tip n.揭示；技巧；尖；尖端；消费 vt. 倾斜； 翻到secondly 第二；其次firstly secondly thirdly swap 交换 share item 项目；条款；项目；一则；一件商品（或物品；术语 adv.又，同上语法：虚拟语气：1、 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法：带if的虚拟条件句虚拟语气在条件句中的基本形成如下表： 形式类型if从句主句现在did/werewould/should/could/might+do过去had+donewould /should/could/might+have+

6、过去分词（done）将来did/should+do/were to+dowould/should/could/might+do学会区分主从句，带有引导词的都是从句For example :1、表示与现在事实相反：“I wouldnt worry too much if I were you .”she said.2、表示与过去事实相反：“If you had come earlier,you would have met me.”3、 表示与将来事实相反：“If he were to come tomorrow,I might have time to see him.”不带if的虚拟条件句虚

7、拟条件有时并不带有if，可分为以下两种情况：1、 如果if条件句中谓语动词含有were ,had或should时，有时可以省连词if,把were，had或should移到主语的前面，构成倒装结构。Had she known you were ill,she would have come to see you.=If she had known you were ill,she would have come to see you.2、 “Were it not for”或“Had it not been for ”这两种不带if的虚拟条件句都表示“要不是”，“若没有”等含义。这种结构常表示与

8、过去事实相反。Were it for air,man would die.Had it not been for their assistance,we couldnt have got over the difficulties.3、 “but that”或“but for”的用法同上，也表示“要不是、要没有”之意，其后要用虚拟语气。but that +句子 but for +短语But that I saw it，I could not believe it .4、 有时，虚拟条件还可用一些含有条件意味的词来表示，常用的有：without，otherwise，provided。Withou

9、t your support ,we couldnt finish this job .I was ill（真实）,otherwise, I would have visited you(不真实) .2、 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法 凡由以下的词引出有关宾语从句，主语从句，表语从句及同位语从句均需用虚拟式谓语动词，即“should+动词原形”（should常可省略） Suggest(suggestion),propose(proposal),recommend(recommendation),order,command,demand,request,desire(desirable),req

10、uire(requirement),insist,prefer(preferable),move(motion)(提议)，urge(极力主张)一坚持(insist)二命令(order. command)三建议(advice. suggest. propose)四要求(demand. require. request. desire.)中，无论主句谓语动词为何种时态，从句的谓语动词都用：“should + 动词原形”或只用“动词原形”。 1、 宾语从句I suggest that we (should) attach a small gift to our product.2、 表语从句My s

11、uggestion is that we (should) attach a small gift to our products.3、 同位语从句My suggestion that we (should)attach a small gift to our products.4、 主语从句It is requested that a vote be taken.注意：1、wish+宾语从句构成的虚拟从句可有三种情况。现在：一般过去时（did/were）。过去：过去完成时（had done）。将来：“would/could/might+动词原形”。2、 would rather，would

12、sooner，as if ,as though 引起的宾语从句也表示一中意愿。他人：现在和将来：过去式（did/were）。 过去：had+done自己：现在和将来：do 过去：have+done3、whatever，whichever，whenever，whoever, wherever，however, no matter wh-word 等引导的让步状语从句中，从句虚拟语气结构为： may +动词原形(指现在或将来)。We will finish it on time no matter what / whatever may happen. 不管发生什么事，我们都要按时完成。 We w

13、ill find him wherever / no matter where he may be. 无论他在哪里，我们都要找到他。 I will wait for him no matter how late he may come. 不管他来的多么晚，我都会等他。 may +完成式(指过去) ，主句结构不限。You mustnt be proud whatever / no matter what great progress you may have made. 不管你取得了多么大的进步，你也不能骄傲 We must respect him no matter what / whatev

14、er mistakes he may have made. 不管他犯过什么错误，我们必须尊敬他。 4、主语从句中的虚拟语气结构主要表现为“it is +a +that 从句”形式，用于此类结构的形容词有：necessary,important,vital,imperative(必要的),essential,natural,strange,advisable,impossible等。注：It is (high/about)time (that)引出的从句中，谓语动词用一般过去式或“should+动词原形”来表示虚拟。 早该做某事了 It is time to do (不定式) It is the

15、 first time that have done 3、 虚拟语气在其它状语从句中的用法1、 as if ，as though2、 在in case，lest，for fear that引出的目的状语从句中，谓语动词多用“should+动词原形”，来表示虚拟，有时should可以省略。 4、 错综条件句：当从句的时态和主句时态不一致时就构成了错综条件句。此时主从句分别用各自相应的虚拟形式。If you had come here yesterday,you could be listening to the lecture nowIf Tom had finished all this wo

16、rk yesterday,he wouldnt have a hard time tomorrow.(have a hard time 为宾语)巩固练习：1、 He insisted that she ( )go there alone at night.A not B would not C doesnt D wont2、 I wish that diamond necklace （ ）to me .A belonged B belongs C would belong D will belong6、 简单句中的虚拟语气 （1） 说话时，为了表示客气、谦虚、委婉而有礼貌，言语常使用虚拟语气。

17、其虚拟语气的结构形式常为：would / could / might / should + 原形动词。如：Would you mind my shutting the door? 我把门关起来你介意吗？You should always learn this lesson by heart. 你要把这个教训牢记于心。I should agree with you. 我应该同意你的观点。（2） 表示“祝愿”时，常用“may + 主语+ 动词原形+ 其他”。如： May you have a good journey! 祝你一路顺风。 May your youth last for ever! 祝

18、你青春永驻。（3）表示强烈的“愿望”、“祝愿”时，常用动词原形。如： Long live the Communist Party of China. 中国共产党万岁。God bless us. 上帝保佑。（4） 习惯表达中常用的虚拟语气。 (1) 提出请求或邀请。如： Would you like to have a talk with us this evening? 今天晚上来跟我们聊天好吗？Could I use your bike now? 我可以用一下你的单车吗？(2) 陈述自己的观点或看法。如：I should glad to meet you. 见到你我会很高兴。I would

19、try my best to help you. 我会尽力帮助你。(3) 提出劝告或建议。如：Youd better ask your father first. 你最好先问一问你的父亲。 You should make a full investigation of it first. 你应该先全面调查一番。(4) 提出问题。如：Do you think he could get here on time? 你认为他能按时来吗？ Do you expect he would tell us the truth? 你期望他会告诉我们真相吗？ (5) 表示对过去情况的责备时，常用虚拟语气。其虚拟

20、语气的结构为：“情态动词 + have + 过去分词”。如：You should have got here earlier. 你应该早就到这里了。 You should have returned it to him. 你应该把它还给他了。 练习以及解析2、 1.I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I _ the book from which it was made.A. have read B. had readC. should have read D. are reading2.You are late. If you _ a few minu

21、tes earlier, you _ him.A. come; would meetB. had come; would have metC. come; will meet D. had come; would meet3.The two students talked as if they _ friends for years.A. should be B. would beC. have been D. had been4.It is important that I _ with Mr. Williams immediately.A. speakB. spokeC. will spe

22、ak D. to speak5.He looked as if he _ ill for a long time.A. was B. wereC. has been D. had been6.If the doctor had come earlier, the poor child would not _.A. have laid there for two hours B. have been lied there for two hoursC. have lied there for two hoursD. have lain there for two hours7.I wish th

23、at I _ with you last night.A. went B. could goC. have goneD. could have gone8.Lets say you could go there again, how _ feel?A. will youB. should youC. would you D. do you9.I cant stand him. He always talks as though he _ everything.A. knew B. knowsC. has known D. had known10._ the fog, we should hav

24、e reached our school.A. Because of B. In spite ofC. In case of D. But for11.If you had told me in advance, I _ him at the airport.A. would meet B. would had metC. would have met D. would have meet12.Mike can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he_ me how.A. teaches B.

25、 will teachC. has taught D. would teach13.I would have told him the answer had it been possible, but I _ so busy then.A. had beenB. wereC. was D. would be14.Hes working hard for fear that he _.A. should fall behindB. fell behindC. may fall behind D. would fallen behind15.If it _ another ten minutes,

26、 the game would have been called off.A. had rainedB. would have rainedC. have seen D. rained16.He suggested that they _ use a trick instead of fighting.A. should B. wouldC. do D. had17.My father did not go to New York; the doctor suggested that he _ there.A. not went B. wont goC. not go D. not to go

27、18.I would have gone to the meeting if I _ time.A. had had B. have hadC. had D. would have had19.Would you rather I _ buying a new bike?A. decided againstB. will decide againstC. have decided D. shall decide against20.You look so tired tonight. It is time you _.A. go to sleep B. went to sleepC. go t

28、o bed D. went to bed21.Why didnt you buy a new car? I would have bought one if I _ enough money.A. had B. have hadC. would have D. had had22.If she could sew, _.A. she make a dress B. she would have made a shirtC. she will make a shirt D. she would had made a coat23._ today, he would get there by Fr

29、iday.A. Would he leave B. Was he leavingC. Were he to leave D. If he leaves24.His doctor suggested that he _ a short trip abroad.A. will takeB. would takeC. takeD. took25.The Bakers arrived last night. If theyd only let us know earlier,_ at the station.A. wed meet them B. well meet themC. wed have m

30、et them D. weve met them26.If I _ you, I _ more attention to English idioms and phrases.A. was; shall pay B. am; will payC. would be; would pay D. were; would pay27.We might have failed if you _ us a helping hand.A. have not givenB. would not giveC. had not given D. did not give28.The law requires t

31、hat everyone _ his car checked at least once a year.A. has B. hadC. have D. will have29.It is strange that he _ so.A. would say B. would speakC. should sayD. will speak30.Had I known her name, _A. or does she know mine?B. and where does she live?C. she would be beautiful. D. I would have invited her

32、 to lunch.31.He has just arrived, but he talks as if he _ all about that.A. know B. knowsC. known D. knew32.If I _ the money, I would have bought a much bigger car.A. possessed B. ownedC. had D. had had33.He was very busy yesterday; otherwise, he _ to the meeting.A. would come B. cameC. would have c

33、omeD. will come34.The librarian insists that John _ no more books from the library before he returns all the books he has borrowed.A. will take B. tookC. takeD. takes35.I left very early last night, but I wish I _ so early.A. didnt leave B. hadnt leftC. havent left D. couldnt leave36.I do not have a

34、 job. I would find one but I _ no time.A. had B. didnt haveC. had had D. have37.I wish that you _ such a bad headache because Im sure that you would have enjoyed the concert.A. hadnt B. didnt have hadC. hadnt had D. hadnt have38.He insisted that we all _ in his office at one oclock.A. be B. to beC.

35、would be D. shall be39.Helen couldnt go to France after all. Thats too bad. Im sure she would have enjoyed it if _.A. shes gone B. shell goC. shed gone D. shed go40.I must go there earlier. John has suggested that I _ an hour before the discussion begins.A. go B. shall goC. will go D. would go 41.He

36、 insisted that she ( )go there alone at night. A not B would not C doesnt D wont 42.I wish that diamond necklace （ ）to me . A belonged B belongs C would belong D will belong43.I second (赞成)the motion that we ( )a delegation to inspect safety conditions in the mines.A will send B must send C sends D

37、send44. We recommend that work ( )at once.A. start B stars C will start D be send45.The radio is too noisy .I wish you ( )it down.A will turn B would turn Care to turn D can turn 46. It is about the time that we ( ) all the staff together on the first floor.A get B got C to get D will got47. If it h

38、ad not been for the storm we ( )much earlier.A should arrive B should have arrived C would arrive D might arrive48. It is vital that you ( )our competitors to know our plans.A do not permit B will not permit 49. It is urgent that the police ( ) notified about those strange phone calls.A is B be C wa

39、s D will be50. If he ( )attend the meeting tomorrow,he would see our new Party secretary.A will B is goC not permit D have not permittedng to C were to D would51. But that he ( )it,he wouldnt have believed it .A.sees B saw C had seen D see52.I would rather you (） （），（自大） （） （），15 BBDAD 610 DDCAD 1115 CDCAA162