最新呼吸内科专业英语

1、呼吸内科专业英语呼吸科英语Bronchialasthma支气管哮喘acidosis酸中毒Allergen,allergicreaction变异原,变态反响bloodgasanalysis血气分析Anaemia贫血Alveolar肺泡的antibiotic抗生素Atelectasis肺不张Lungabscess肺脓肿Athroscleroticheartdisease动脉粥样硬化性心脏病Beta2-agonistB2受体冲动剂Allergicbronchopulmonaryaspergillosis曲霉菌ARDSacuterespiratorydistresssyndrome急性呼吸窘迫综合征P

2、ercussionandauscultation叩/听诊Pulmonaryarterialstenosis肺动脉狭窄Adrenalglucocorticoid肾上腺糖皮质激素BBiopsy活检Bronchiectasis支气管扩张Fiberopticbronchoscopicbiopsy纤支镜活检BALbronchoalveolarlavage支气管肺泡灌洗Bronchitis,bronchiolitis支气管炎,细支气管炎Boop：bronchiolitisobliteranswithorganizingpneunomia闭塞性细支气管炎伴机化性肺炎Bronchoscopy支气管镜检查CCA

3、HDcoronaryarterioscleroticheartdisease冠心'病CPRcardiopulmonaryresuscitation心肺复苏CDILDchronicdiffuseinterstitiallungdisease慢性间质性肺病COPDchronicobstnjctivepulmonarydisease慢阻肺Clubbedfinger杵状指drycough干咳Cyanosis紫绢Nonproductivecough干咳Complication并发症DDyspnea呼吸困难Differentialdiagnosis鉴别诊断Dischargediagnosis出院诊

4、断EEmphysema肺气肿pulmonaryembolism肺栓塞Acidbaseequolibrium酸碱平衡etiology病因学Emphysematous肺大泡Expectoration吐痰Exacerbation力口重Endogenous内生的Exogenous外生的FInterstitialpulmonaryfibrosis间质性肺纤维化GGM+GramstainpositiveGm-GramstainnegativeHHypersensitivitypneumonia过敏性肺炎Hemoglobin血红蛋白Hemoptysis咯血Hemorrhage出血HRCThigh-resol

5、utioncomputerizedtomography高分辨CTHistology组织学Hypoxia缺氧IIdiopathicinterstitialpneumonia特发间质性肺炎Intratracheal气管内的Intravenous静脉内的NNoninvasiveventilation无创机械通气OOSASobstructivesleepapneasyndrome阻塞性呼吸暂停综合征PPulmonarysecondsound肺动脉瓣第二心音Pneumonia肺炎Pneumothorax气胸PTEpulmonarythromboembolism肺动脉血栓栓塞症Ventilation/pe

6、rfusionratio通气血流比Pleura胸腔积液Primarybronchogeniccarcinoma原发性支气管源性肺癌Provocationtest激发试验Parenchymal实质的insterstial间质的Plumonaryedema肺水肿Lobarpneumonia大叶性肺炎2/3Lobularpneumonia小叶性肺炎RMoistrales湿罗音Dryrales干罗音sSaO2saturationinarterialblood动脉血氧饱和度Shortofbreath气短Syncope晕厥Sarcoidosis结节病Segment段TTuberculosis结核病Tach

7、ypnea气促Thrombosis血栓TBLBtransbronchiallungbiosy经支气管肺活检Thoracoscopy胸腔镜检查uUpperrespiratorytractinfection上呼吸道感染WWheeze哮鸣音其他facilitatingsputumexpectoration排痰releaseofbronchialspasm解痉细菌steptococcuspneumoiae肺炎链球菌staphylococcus葡萄球菌legionella军团菌mycoplasma支原体chlamydia衣原体pneumococcus肺炎球菌video-assistedthoracosc

8、opic-gxiidedfGo'nEksskoup胸月空镜lungbiopsyopenkingbiopsypleuralbiopsybiopsyofenlargedlymphnodesD-Dimerselectrocardiogram(ECG)心电图echocardiogram超声心动图V/Qisotopeaisoutsup同位素scan(ventilation/perfusionscanning)spiral螺旋CT/MRA(MagneticResonanceAngiography,aend3丁ogrofi血管造影术)pulmonaryangiographyDopplerf'

9、doph多普勒USSthigh6ai大腿andpelvis'pelvis骨盆(USS:ultrasoundscanning)cardiacmonitorPSG(polysommography)常见的病名diseasesacuteupperrespiratorytractinfection急性上呼吸道感染commoncold普通感冒influenza流感,influ'enznpharynigitis咽炎pharyngalgiaf(Erin,giEld3io咽痛acutebroncho-bronchitis急性气管-支气管炎4/14pneumonia肺炎communityacqui

10、redpneumonia(CAP)社区获得性肺炎hospitalacquiredpneumonia(HAP)医院获得性肺炎nosocomicalpneumonia(NP)医院内肺炎bronchiectasis支气管扩张chornicbronchitis慢性支气管炎pulmonaryemphysema肺气肿chronicobstructivepulmonarydisease(acuteexacerbating)AECOPDCOPD急性发作bronchialasthma支气管哮喘allergicrhinitisr如naitis过敏性鼻炎respiratoryfailure呼吸衰竭lungabsce

11、ss肺脓肿pulmonarytuberculosis肺结核病kingcancer:肺癌primarybronchogeniccarcinoma原发性支气管肺癌squamouslkweimoscellcarcinoma鳞癌adenocarcinoma腺癌'adnnmkcrsi'noumnbronchoalveolarcellcarcinoma支气管肺泡细胞癌smallcelllungcarcinoma(SCLC)小细胞肺癌pulmonarymetastasis肺转移瘤mn'tcestnsispulmonaryembolism(PE)肺栓塞pulmonarythromboe

12、mbolism(PTE)月市血栓栓塞症eipmbnirembnliznmpulmonaryinfarction肺梗死deepvenousthrombosis.DVT深静脉血栓形成empyema脓胸pneumothorax气胸pyopneumothorax脓气胸painu,nju:mnu,6n:nEkschronicsuppurativedisease慢性化脓性疾病SApjuorotiv,-reitivcongenitalcyanoticdisease先天性紫绢性心脏病Lsaidnotikcorpulmonale肺源性心脏病k6,pumnhaelipulmonaryhypertension肺动脉

13、高压pulmonaryencephalopathy月市性月盲病en,sefo,opo0irightheartfailure;right-sidedheartfailure右心衰竭pulmonaryvasculardiseases肺血管疾病interstitiallungdisease,ILD弥漫性间质性肺疾病idiopathicpulmonaryfibrosis.IPF特发性肺纤维化,ididpee8ikcryptogenic,kriptau'djenik隐源性的fibrosingalveolitis,CFA隐源性纤维化性肺泡炎connectivetissuerelatedlungdi

14、seases结缔组织相关性肺疾病systemiclupuslju:pns狼疮erythematosus,SLE系统性红斑狼疮dermatomyositis皮肌炎sarcoidosis结节病,sa:kni'dnusisPulmonaryalveolarproteinosis,proutiinousis,PAP肺泡蛋白沉积症Idiopathicpulmonaryhemosiderosishi:mou,sidoTousis,hem-特发性肺含铁血黄素沉着病Langerhanscellgranulomatosis朗格汉斯细胞肉芽肿病gnenjujnumn'tousisEosinophi

15、licgranuloma嗜酸性肉芽肿,i:osinn'filikHistiocytosisX组织细胞增多症XWegenergranulomatosisWegener肉芽肿extrinsicallergicalveolitis外源性过敏性肺泡炎pneumoconiosis尘月市nju:mn,kouni、usisdrug-inducedkingdisease药物性肺病aspergillosisie,spn:d3i'lnusis曲菌病：allergicbronchopulmonaryaspergillosis(ABPA)pleuraldisease胸膜疾病broncho-pleura

16、lfistula支气管胸膜痿fistjulnoralcandidiasis口腔念珠菌病,鹅口疮Lkaendi'daiosisosteoporoticbonechange骨质疏松样改变glaucoma青光眼cataract白内障acutekinginjury,ALI急性肺损伤acuterespiratorydistresssyndrome,ARDS急性呼吸窘迫综合征urticaria尊麻疹eczema湿疹hypertension高血压diabetes糖尿病beadministered,treatsb.withempirical经验性的,prophylactic,profil比ktik,p

17、rou-预防性,remedialri'mi:dinl治疗性Expectorant祛痰药eks'pektnrnntMucolytics粘液溶解剂,mju:kou'litik常用的药物drugsoragentsbronchodilator支气管扩张剂,bpgkoudai'lei管B2-agonistsaegnnist兴奋剂:short-acting:salbutamol沙丁胺醇sadbju:tomo(:)llong-acting:salmeterol沙美特罗muscarinic,mAskd'rinik毒蕈碱样的antaganistsaen'taego

18、nist对抗剂:ipratropiumbromide*broumaid异丙托澳胺aminophylline氨茶碱n,mi:nnu'fili:nsteroidsstinrnid类固醇inhaled:budesonide布地奈po(per德,os).,beclomethasone,beklnu'me8nsnun倍氯米松,fluticasone氟替卡松systemic:prednisolonepred'nisoloun强的松hydrocortisoneljhaidrouoitizaun氢化可的松iv.mastcellstabilizers:cromoglycatesodium

19、色甘酸钠leukotriene,lju:knu'traion白三烯receptorantagonists:montekikast孟鲁司特respiratorystimulants:lobeline6/14nikethamideni'keOsmaid,-mid尼可刹米cardiactonic强心剂diuretics利尿剂,daijuotetikalbumin白蛋白aelbjuminantitussiveagents镇咳药LanH'tAsivammoniumchloride氯化钱n'mnunjnm钱kb:raid氯化物ambroxol氨溪索(mucosolvan沐舒

20、坦)Panoc潘妥洛克常用的治疗举措loworhighflowoxygen:nasalcannulaekiEnjuli:鼻导管,Venturiven'tjunri文里氏face-masknebulizernebjulaizn喷雾器：finerparticlesize(3to20um)allowstracheobronchialdepositionmetereddoseinhaler(MDI)定量雾化吸入器viaintubation,intju:'beijon插管,tracheostomy,traekibstnmi,trei-气管造口术,tracheotomyLtnekiRomi

21、,气管切开术)synchronizedintermittentmandatoryventilation,SIMV同步间歇指令通气pressuresupportventilation,PSV压力支持通气thoracocentesis胸腔穿刺术,8rokosen'tesischestdraiii/drainage引流术chemotherapy化疗radiationtherapy放疗pneumonectomy肺切除术Lnju:mou'nek3milobectomyofking,pulmonarylobectomy肺叶切除术loubektomi叶切除术thoracotomy开胸术,胸廓

22、切开术pleurodesis胸膜剥脱术pleurectomy胸膜切除术pleuraladhesion胸膜粘连术thromboendarterectomy血栓动脉内膜切除术inferiorvenacavafilter下腔静脉过滤器cystic'sistik囊性的/varicosevserikous曲张样/cylindrical柱状-tram-tracks轨道样hemoptysisdeviation:tracheaandapexeipeks尖端shiftcontralaterally对立的旁边CXR:translucencytraenzljirsonsi半透明+collapse倒塌：vis

23、iblerim边缘refractoryorrecurrent周期性的：pleurodesis胸膜固定术,pleurectomyplu'rektnmi胸膜切除术,bullafbulo大疱stapling装订orlasering激光常用的化疗药9/14cisplatin顺粕Gemcitabine吉西他滨:Gemzar盐酸吉西他滨注射剂paclitaxel;taxinol紫杉醇Taxol泰素docetaxel多西他赛泰素帝常见的抗生素beta-lactamantibiotics:inhibitcellwallsynthesispenicillinskintestamoxicillin阿莫西林

24、piperaci11in/tazobactamsodium哌拉西林/他唾巴坦钠ticarcillin/clavulanatepotassium替卡西林/克拉维酸钾cephamycin头胞菌素类cefradine头狗拉陡cefaclor头狗克洛cefoperazone/sulbactani头孑包哌酮/舒巴坦ceftriaxone头孑包曲松cefpiramide头孑刨tt咤ceftazidime头孑包他定ceftizoxime头孑包唾污carbopenems碳青霉烯类azactam氨曲南meropeneni美罗培南imipenemandsodiumcilastatin亚胺培南/西司他丁钠泰能tie

25、namGlycopeptides糖肽类inhibitcellwallassemblyvancomycin万古霉素norvancomycin去甲万古霉素teicoplanin替考拉林Macrolides大环内酯类：inhibitproteinsynthesisroxithromycin罗红霉素clarithromycin克拉霉素azithromycin阿奇霉素erythromycin红霉素Aminoglycosideantibiotics:氨基糖首类reno-andototoxicinhibitinitiationandelongationprocessduringproteinsynthesi

26、samikacin阿米卡星(丁胺卡那)gentamicin庆大霉素streptomycin链霉素Sulfamido磺胺类sulfamethoxazolecompound(SMZ.CO)QuinolonesQ诺酮类：inhibitDNAgyrasenorfloxacin诺氟沙星ofloxacin氧氟沙星levofloxacin左氧氟沙星gatifloxacin加替沙星moxifloxacin莫西沙星ciprofloxacin环丙沙星Tetracycline四环素类minocycline美满霉素Nitromidazole硝基咪唾类metronidazole甲硝嘎tinidazole替硝唾ornid

27、azole奥石肖嘤Antitubercularagents抗结核药rifampicin利福平rifapentine利福喷丁isoniazide,isonicotinichydrazideacidINH异烟肿pyrazinamide毗嗪酰胺ethambutol乙胺丁醇Antifungal/antimycoticdrug抗真菌药nystatin制霉菌素amphotericin两性霉素Bfluconazole氟康嘤voriconazole伏立康建itraconazole伊曲康唾Antivirusagentsribavirin利巴韦林oseltamivir奥司他韦acyclovir阿昔洛韦gancic

28、lovir更昔洛韦valaciclovir伐昔洛韦foscarnetsodium,phosphonoformicacid瞬甲酸钠(可耐)lamivudine拉米夫定entecavir恩替卡韦常见的病原微生物microorganism,microbe微生物bacterium细菌lipopolysaccharide(LPS)脂多糖antibiotics抗生素pyrogen致热原exotoxin夕卜毒素endotoxin内毒素Gramstain革兰染色Colonyformingunit,CFU集落形成单位antibacterialagents抗菌药resistance耐药性ESBLs：extende

29、dspectrumB-lactamases超光谱B内酰胺酶MRSA：methicillin-resistantstaphylococcusaureus耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌bacteremia菌血症toxemia毒血症11/14endotoxemia内毒素血症septicaemia败血症pyemia脓毒血症pathogen致病原pathogenicity致病性virulence毒力medianlethaldose(LD50)半数致死量medianinfectivedose(ID50)半数感染量virus病毒replication复制viremia病毒血症normalmicrobiota,mi

30、croflora,normalflora,physiologicalmicrobiota正常微生物群floradisequilibrium菌群失调dysbacteriosis菌群失调症opportunisticinfection时机性感染conditionedinfection条件致病性感染endogenousinfection内源性感染exogenousinfection外源性感染antimicrobialsusceptibilitytesting药物敏感试验minimuminhibitoryconcentration(MIC)最小抑菌浓度minimumbactericidalconcent

31、ration(MBC)最小杀菌浓度disinfection消毒sterilization灭菌asepsis无菌aseptictechnique无菌技术bacteriostasis抑菌antisepsis防腐disinfectant消毒剂bacteriostaticagent抑菌剂bactericide杀菌剂autoclavingorsteamunderpressuresterilization高压蒸汽灭菌法ultravioletradiation,UV紫外线isolationprecaution隔离预防artificialactiveimmunization人工主动免疫vaccination疫

32、苗接种killed/inactivatedvaccine死/灭活疫苗attentuatedlivevaccine减毒活疫苗toxoid类毒素artificialpassiveimmunity人工被动免疫antitoxin抗毒素gammaglobulin丙种球蛋白Staphylococcusaureus金黄色葡萄球菌Coagulase-negativestaphylococci凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌Staphylococcusepidermidis表皮葡萄球菌12/14Streptococcuspneumoniae,pneumococcus肺炎链球菌Viridansstreptococci草绿色链球

33、菌Escherichiacoli大肠埃希菌Klebsiellapneumoniae肺炎克雷伯菌Pseudomonasaeruginosa铜绿假单胞菌Haemophilusinfluenzae流感嗜血杆菌Legionella军团杆菌属Enterobactercloacae阴沟肠杆菌Serratia沙雷菌属Proteusvulgaris普通变形杆菌Acinebacter不动杆菌属Neisseriameningitis,meningococcus脑膜炎链球菌Neisseriagonorrhoeae,gonococcus淋病奈瑟菌Shigella,dysenterybacterium痢疾杆菌Salmo

34、nellatyphi伤寒沙门菌Vibriocholerae霍乱弧菌Helicobacterpylori幽门螺杆菌Campylobacterjejuni空肠弯曲菌Mycobacterium,acid-fastbacilli分枝杆菌属！抗酸杆菌Mycobacteriumtuberculosis,tuberclebacillus结核分枝杆菌Purifiedproteinderivate,PPDOldtuberculin.OTAtypicalmycobacteria非结核分枝杆菌Mycobacteriumleprae麻风分枝杆菌Anaerobicbacterial厌氧性细菌Clostridiumtetani破伤风梭菌Clostridumperfringens产气荚膜梭菌Clostridumbotulinum肉毒梭菌Clostridumdifficile艰难梭菌antibiotic-associateddiarrhea抗生素相关性腹泻pseudomembranouscolitis假膜性结肠炎Corynebacteriumdiphtheriae白喉棒状杆