湖南大学数电课程设计培训讲学

1、数电课程设计实验报告课题：竞赛抢答器学院：电气与信息工程学院姓名：班级：电子信息工程1001班目录一、课程设计的要求及目的 -1-二、设计的功能要求 -2-三、设计思路框图-3 -四、VHDL程序-4-1、键盘转按键模块 -4 -2、显示模块-6 -3、主模块-9 -五、电路连接图-14-六、心得体会-14 -一、课程设计的要求及目的1. 了解电子设计的具体流程和方法。2. 掌握电子设计的基本要求，能够运用所学的知识解决生活中的一 些问题。3. 初步掌握VHDL语言编程，并设计出一个有意义的小型系统。4. 掌握Altium Designer 6.9软件的应用，并且了解相关硬件的组成和功能。5.

2、 用 EDA( Electronic Design Automation)或者原理图完成一个课题的设计，并达到相应的功能要求。二、设计的功能要求在许多比赛活动中，为了准确、公正、直观地判断出第一抢答者， 通常设置一台抢答器，通过数显、灯光及音响等各种手段批示出第一 抢答者。同时，还可以设置计分、犯规及奖惩记录等各种功能。本设 计利用EDA技术，可容纳8组参赛，每组设置一个按钮供参赛者抢答 使用。主持人按下开始按键后，10s倒计时开始，当一组抢答器按下 后，1602LCD显示抢答的组别。由于抢答器具有第一信号鉴别和锁存 功能使其余的组就抢答无效，抢答的组回答问题后由主持人进行加减 分，然后主持人

3、按复位键后继续进行抢答。1、在1602LCD屏幕上显示所需组别及分数；2、考虑到有选手犯规，在主持人未按下开始键但是已经有组别按下 抢答键时会在屏幕显示该组别犯规（FG,并由主持人手动减分；3、按下开始键后，有10s的时间供选手们抢答，如果30s后仍无人 抢答，则蜂鸣器报警，并在屏幕上显示超时（CS；4、每个组别设置的初始分数为0分，加分上限为9分；5、能实现系统手动复位，复位后回到初始状态，并等待主持人按下开始键。三、设计思路框图译码显示显示模块四、VHDL程序1、键盘转按键模块LIBRARY IEEE ;USE IEEE . STD_LOGIC_1164 . ALL;USE IEEE .

4、STD_LOGIC_UNSIGNED . ALL ;USE IEEE . STD_LOGIC_ARITH . ALL ;entity PADTOKEY isport (CPIN , R, VALIDKEY : IN STD_LOGIC ;KEY : IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 DOWNTG0);KEYOUT: OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (15 DOWNTGD);CLK_1MHZ, RST:OUT STD_LOGIC）； end entity ;architectureJGT of PADTOKEY isSIGNAL CTCP: INTEGER RANGED T

5、O 5;SIGNAL CPO : STD_LOGIC :='D'SIGNAL CTCPO : INTEGER RANGE D TO 4999;TYPE STATES IS (SD,S1,S2);SIGNAL S: STATES;beginPROCESS CPIN )BEGINIF CPIN='1' AND CPIN ' EVENT THENIF CTCP=5 THENCPO<= NOT CPO; CTCP<=D;ELSECTCP<=CTCP+1;END IF ;END IF ;END PROCESSPROCESS CPO, R)BEGI

6、NCLK_1MHZv=CPQIF R='1' THENRST<='0：S<=S0; CTCPO<=0;ELSIF CPO='1'KEYOUT<= "0000000000000000"AND CPO ' EVENT THENTHENIF CTCPO/= 4999CTCPO<=CTCPC+1;ELSECTCPO<=0;CASE S ISWHENS0 => RST<='0'IF VALIDKEY ='1'S<=S1;CASE KEY ISWHEN

7、"0000"WHEN "0001"WHEN "0010"WHEN "0011"WHEN "0100"WHEN "0101"WHEN "0110"WHEN "0111"WHEN "1000"WHEN "1001"WHEN "1010"WHEN "1011"WHEN "1100"WHEN "1101"WHEN "

8、1110"WHEN "1111"THEN=> KEYOUT<= "0000000000000001"=> KEYOUT<= "0000000000000010"=> KEYOUT<= "0000000000000100"=> KEYOUT<= "0000000000001000"=> KEYOUT<= "0000000000010000"=> KEYOUT<= "00000000001

9、00000"=> KEYOUT<= "0000000001000000"=> KEYOUT<= "0000000010000000"=> KEYOUT<= "0000000100000000"=> KEYOUT<= "0000001000000000"WHEN OTHERS=>NULL;END CASE;ELSES<=S0; KEYOUT<= "0000000000000000"END IF ;WHENS1=> R

10、ST<='1'S<=S2;WHENS2=> RST<='0'S<=S0;WHEN OTHERS=> NULL;END CASE;END IF ;END IF ;END PROCESSend architectureJGT;此模块使用状态机将键盘的16个按键转换为16个按键信号2、显示模块LIBRARY IEEE ;USE IEEE . STD_LOGIC_1164 . ALL;USE IEEE . STD_LOGIC_UNSIGNED . ALL ;entity QDQLCD isport ( CPIN , R, BUSY :

11、 IN STD_LOGIC ;FS1 , FS2 , FS3 , FS4, FS5 , FS6, FS7 , FS8 , TM : IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (7 DOWNTO0);ZB : IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 DOWNTGD);TESHU : IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (1 DOWNTO0);CLK, RST, STROBE, OUTLINE : OUT STD_LOGIC ;DATA : OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (7 DOWNTO0);ADDR:OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 DOWNTO0);end

12、entityarchitectureJGT of QDQLCD isTYPE STATES IS (S0,S1,S2,S3,S4);SIGNAL S: STATES;SIGNAL LCDPT : INTEGER RANGE0 TO 27;SIGNAL CPCT : INTEGER RANGE0 TO 65535;SIGNAL CP: STD_LOGIC ;-SIGNAL ASCEW,ASCSN : STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(7 DOWNTO 0);beginPROCESS CPIN , R)BEGINCLK<=CPIN ;IF R='1' THENCPCT<

13、=65535;ELSIF CPIN ='1' AND CPIN ' EVENT THENIF CPCT=O THENCPCT<=65535; CP<= NOT CP;ELSECPCT<=CPCT-1;END IF ;END IF ;END PROCESS - ? g ?a500US?u ?u-? -?3i£ o?a2eo ?500use± ?o£ ?' ?U500uso6ie 3eX，i ?Xa?£?DT?LCDPT?-S0:3? e?x'i ?,? u R=1e±£ ?

14、9; | ou S0X'i ?,LCDPT=0- d*3i£o e?3?rst=1, XaS1-S1: e ?3?RST=0;?D?BUSY=0? :Y: LCDPT+1;LCDP?1 i ?_X ?oo£ ?:N: ->S2-:Y:XaS3-;N; NULL-S2:?3?STROBED?o?戏 X aS1-S1,S2 e 3e3?e?_ 1 i ?_?e?g?i|? uPROCESS CP, R)BEGINIF R='1' THENS<=S0; LCDPT<=0; RST<='1'ELSIF CP='

15、1' AND CP ' EVENT THENCASE S ISWHENS0=> S<=S1; LCDPT<=0; RST<='1'WHENS1=> RST<='0' STROBE<='0'IF BUSY='0' THENLCDPT<= LCDPT+1;IF LCDPT=7 THENS<=S3;ELSES<=S2;END IF ;END IF ;WHENS2=> S<=S1; STROBE<='1'-S3S4 e 3e?e

16、?e ?1|? u-S3:BUSY=0? :Y: LCDPT?-? +1 £?XaS4-S4:?3?STROBED?o 甕?X aS3WHENS3=> STROBE<='0'IF BUSY='0' THENIF LCDPT=27 THENLCDPT<=7;ELSELCDPT<= LCDPT+1;END IF ;S<=S4;END IF ;WHENS4=> STR0BE<='1：S<=S3;WHEN OTHERS=> NULL;END CASE;END IF ;END PROCESS-? e

17、?3?31 (LCDPT)-LCDPT=O,NULL-=16 ? e? ZB: TM: E 45H,5 W57H,6 S53H,9 N4EH,10PROCESS LCDPT)BEGINCASE LCDPT ISWHENO => NULL;WHEN 仁DATA<="01011010"ADDR<="1001"OUTLINEv='1；-ZWHEN2=>DATA<="01000010"ADDR<="1010"OUTLINEV='1；-BWHEN3=>DATA<

18、="00111010"ADDR<="0100"OUTLINEV='1'-:WHEN4=>DATA<="01010100"ADDR<="0010"OUTLINEV='1'-TWHEN5=>DATA<="01001101"ADDR<="0011"OUTLINEV='1'-MWHEN6=>DATA<="00111010"ADDR<="1011&q

19、uot;OUTLINEV='1':-LCDPT=722 ?e ?FS1FS8-LCDPT=2325 ?e ?ZB/TMWHEN7=> 1DATAv="0011"& FS1(7DOWNTO4);ADDRv= "0000":OUTLINE v='0'WHEN8=> 1DATAv="0011"& FS1(3DOWNTO0);ADDRv="0001":OUTLINE v='0'WHEN9=> 1DATAv="0011"&a

20、mp; FS2(7DOWNTO4);ADDRv="0010":OUTLINE v='0'WHEN10=>DATAv="0011"& FS2 (3DOWNTO0);ADDRv="0011"OUTLINE v='0：WHEN11=>DATAv="0011"& FS3(7DOWNTC4);ADDRv="0100"OUTLINE v='0：WHEN12=>DATAv="0011"& FS3(3DOWNTO0);

21、ADDRv="0101"OUTLINE v='0：WHEN13=>DATAv="0011"& FS4(7DOWNTO4);ADDRv="0110"OUTLINE v='0：WHEN14=>DATAv="0011"& FS4 (3DOWNTO0);ADDRv="0111"OUTLINE v='0：WHEN15=>DATAv="0011"& FS5(7DOWNTO4);ADDRv="1000"O

22、UTLINE v='0：WHEN16=>DATAv="0011"& FS5(3DOWNTO0);ADDRv="1001"OUTLINE v='0：WHEN17=>DATAv="0011"& FS6(7DOWNTO4);ADDRv="1010"OUTLINE v='0：WHEN18=>DATAv="0011"& FS6(3DOWNTO0);ADDRv="1011"OUTLINE v='0：WHEN19=&

23、gt;DATAv="0011"& FS7(7DOWNTO4);ADDRv="1100"OUTLINE v='0：WHEN20=>DATAv="0011"& FS7(3DOWNTO0);ADDRv="1101"OUTLINE v='0：WHEN21=>DATAv="0011"& FS8 (7DOWNTO4);ADDRv="1110"OUTLINE v='0：WHEN22=>DATAv="0011&quo

24、t;& FS8 (3DOWNTO0);ADDRv="1111"OUTLINE v='0'WHEN23=>DATAv="0011"&TM(7DOWNTO4);ADDRv="0101"OUTLINEV='1'WHEN24=>DATAv="0011"&TM(3DOWNTO0);ADDRv="0110"OUTLINEV='1'WHEN25=>DATAv="0011"&ZB(3DOWNTO

25、0);ADDRv="1101"OUTLINEV='1'WHEN26=>CASE TESHU ISWHEN "01"=>DATA<="01000110"ADDR<= "1110"OUTLINE v='1；-FWHEN "10"=>DATA<="01000011"ADDR<= "1110"OUTLINE v='1；-CWHEN OTHERS=> NULL;END CASE;WHEN

26、27=> CASE TESHUISWHEN "01"=>DATA<="01000111"ADDR<= "1111"OUTLINE v='1；-GWHEN "10"=>DATA<="01010011"ADDR<= "1111"OUTLINE v='1；-SWHENOTHERS=> NULL;END CASE;WHEN OTHERS=> NULL;END CASE;END PROCESSend architec

27、tureJGT;此模块采用状态机的方法在LCD上按格式显示抢答器的8个2位BCD码分数、抢答的组别、时间。3、主模块libraryIEEE ;useIEEE . STD_LOGIC_1164 .ALL;useIEEE . STD_LOGIC_ARITH.ALL;useIEEE . STDLOGICUNSIGNED . ALL- Uncomment the following library declaration if instantiating - any Xilinx primitives in this code.-library UNISIM;-use UNISIM.VComponen

28、ts.all;entity qdmain1 isPort ( TESHU : out STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (1 downto 0);CPIN : in STD_LOGIC;KEYOUT : inSTD_LOGIC_VECTOR (15 downto 0);R :in STD_LOGIC ;FS1 :outSTD_.LOGIC._VECTOR(7downto0);FS2 :outSTD_.LOGIC._VECTOR(7downto0);FS3 :outSTD_.LOGIC._VECTOR(7downto0);FS4 :outSTD_.LOGIC._VECTOR(7downto0);

29、FS5 :outSTD_.LOGIC._VECTOR(7downto0);FS6 :outSTD_.LOGIC._VECTOR(7downto0);FS7 :outSTD_.LOGIC._VECTOR(7downto0);FS8 :outSTD_LOGIC_VECTOR (7downto0);TM :outSTD_LOGIC_VECTOR (7downto0);ZB :outSTD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3downto0);end qdmainlarchitectureBehavioral of qdmainl isSIGNAL KSKEY: STD_LOGIC :='0'

30、;SIGNALYIDA : STD_LOGIC :='0'SIGNALJIAFLAG,JIANFLAG : STD_LOGIC ;SIGNALCPCT :INTEGER RANGE0TO 4999;SIGNALCP: STD_LOGIC ;SIGNALCP1S :INTEGER RANGE0TO 999;SIGNALCPCNT:STD_LOGIC ;SIGNALTM1 :STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (7 downto 0);SIGNALZB1 :STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(3 downto 0);-SIGNAL F1,F2,F3,F4,F5,F6,F7,F8 : S

31、TD_LOGIC_VECTOR (7 downto 0);SIGNAL Fk1 , Fk2 , Fk3 , Fk4 , Fk5 , Fk6 , Fk7 , Fk8 : STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (7 downto 0);beginTM<= TM1;ZB<=ZB1;FS1 <=Fk1 ; FS2<=Fk2 ; FS3<=Fk3 ; FS4<=Fk4 ; FS5<=Fk5 ; FS6<=Fk6 ; FS7<=Fk7 ; FS8<=Fk8 ; process ( R, CPIN )BEGINIF R='1' THEN

32、CPCT<=4999;ELSIF CPIN='1' AND CPIN ' EVENT THEN-20MHZIF CPCT=0 THEN-cp shi 500us;CPCT<=4999; CP<=NOT CP;ELSECPCT<=CPCT-1;END IF ;END IF ;END PROCESSprocess ( R, CP)beginIF R='1' THENCP1S<=0;ELSIF CP='1' AND CP ' EVENT THENIF CP1S=999 THENCP1S<=0;CPCN

33、T<=NOT CPCNT;-CPCNT shi 1s;ELSECP1S<=CP1S+1;END IF ;END IF ;end process ;process ( CPIN , CPCNT)beginIF CPIN='1' AND CPIN ' EVENT THENFk1 <= "00000000" Fk2 <="00000000" Fk3 <="00000000" Fk4 <="00000000"Fk5 <="00000000"

34、; Fk6 <= "00000000" Fk7 <= "00000000" Fk8 <= "00000000"ELSIF R='1' THENYIDA v='0；KSKEY<='0'TM1<= "00001001"ZB1<= "0000"TESHU<="00"JIAFLAG <='1'JIANFLAG v='1；ELSE IF YIDA ='0' T

35、HENCASE KEYOUT IS=>KSKEY<='1'-0 SHI KAISHI JIANWHEN "0000000000000001"=>YIDA <='1'ZB1 <= "0001"-Fk1<=Fk1+1;WHEN "0000000000000010"=>YIDA <='1'ZB1 <= "0010"-Fk2<="00000011"WHEN "00000000000001

36、00"=>YIDA <='1'ZB1 <= "0011"-Fk3<="00000011"WHEN "0000000000010000"=>YIDA <='1'ZB1 <= "0100"-Fk4<="00000011"WHEN "0000000000100000"=>YIDA <='1'ZB1 <= "0101"-Fk5<=&qu

37、ot;00000011"WHEN "0000000001000000"=>YIDA <='1'ZB1 <= "0110"-Fk6<="00000011"WHEN "0000000100000000"=>YIDA <='1'ZB1 <= "0111"-Fk7<="00000011"WHEN "0000001000000000"=>YIDA <='1&

38、#39;ZB1 <= "1000"-Fk8<="00000011"-WHEN "0000001000000000"=>YIDAv='0'KSKEY<='0'-9 qinglingjianWHEN OTHERS=>NULL;END CASE;IF KSKEY='1' THENIF CPCNT='1' AND CPCNT ' EVENT THENIF TM1/= "00000000" THENTM1<=TM1-1

39、;END IF ;END IF ;IF TM1="00000000" THENTESHU<="10" ; -chao shiEND IF ;END IF ;ELSE IF KSKEY='0' THENTESHU<="01" ;-fan guiIF JIANFLAG='1'THENCASE ZB1ISWHEN "0001"=>Fk1<=Fk1 -1;JIANFLAG<='0'WHEN "0010"=>Fk2<

40、=Fk2 -1;JIANFLAG<='0'WHEN "0011"=>Fk3<=Fk3 -1;JIANFLAG<='0'WHEN "0100"=>Fk4v=Fk4 -1;JIANFLAG<='0'WHEN "0101"=>Fk5v=Fk5 -1;JIANFLAG<='0'WHEN "0110"=>Fk6v=Fk6 -1;JIANFLAG<='0'WHEN "0111&q

41、uot;=>Fk7<=Fk7 -1;JIANFLAG<='0'WHEN "1000"=>Fk8<=Fk8 -1;JIANFLAG<='0'WHEN OTHERS=>NULL;END CASE;END IF ;END IF ;IF JIAFLAG ='1' THENCASE ZB1 ISWHEN "0001"=>Fk1 <=Fk1 +1; JIAFLAG <='0'WHEN "0010"=>Fk2 <=

42、Fk2 +1; JIAFLAG <='0'WHEN "0011"=>Fk3 <=Fk3 +1; JIAFLAG <='0'WHEN "0100"=>Fk4 <=Fk4 +1; JIAFLAG <='0'WHEN "0101"=>Fk5 <=Fk5 +1; JIAFLAG <='0'WHEN "0110"=>Fk6 <=Fk6 +1; JIAFLAG <='0'WHEN "0111"=