各类术语总结

1、1 扳手类Air impact wrench 气动扳手Open wrench 开口扳手Combination wrench 两用扳手Offset wrench斜口扳手Universal wrench 万能扳手Tap wrench 丝锥扳手Box/impact wrench套筒扳手Ratchet wrench 棘轮扳手Clubs wrench 梅花扳手monkey wrench活(动)扳手 screwdriver 一字形螺丝刀+ screwdriver 十字形螺丝刀2. 接线端子Solder terminal开口鼻Crimped terminal 铜接线端子Coupling 铜管Fork/rin

2、g terminal冷压端子(两类)3. 脚手架Planking 铺板Stringer 纵梁，系梁Bay length 竖杆间距Toeboard踢脚板Zigzag(dogleg) Z字行斜支撑Putlog 脚手架跳板（短）横木Through tie 穿墙连接Leger bracing 大横杆斜撑Box tie 井字结构斜撑连接Transom 水平横梁Joint pin 结合销Wedge secured楔入固定Lintel 楣，过梁Castor 车轱辘，小脚轮Tubular scaffold管子脚手架Guardrail 栏杆Standard 立杆Working platform/landing

3、工作平台Baseplate 垫座底板Soleplate 木垫板Mobile tower type scaffold 移动塔式脚手架Wire lashing 钢丝捆绑Joist 托梁Birdcage scaffold 笼式脚手架4.开挖 Timber walling 木围墙。木砌墙Steel strut 钢支柱Puncheon 架柱Foot block 墩，座垫板Sheeting 护墙板Cap 柱头Cross poling 交叉支撑Runner 滑行装置Plate lining 木板衬里5.梯子Extension ladder 伸缩梯Straight ladder 直梯Sectional lad

4、der 组合梯Hooked ladder 带钩梯Trestle ladder 脚手架梯6.阀门结构Hand wheel 手轮Plug/valve rod 阀杆Bonnet 阀盖Valve seat 阀座Valve disc 阀瓣Hose connection 水龙带接头Body 阀体Hose reel 软管卷盘Hydrant 消火栓7.灭火剂类型Water 清水（foam）concentrate 泡沫液Dry powder干粉（氢氧化钾，氢氧化钠。磷酸铵盐）Halogenated agent 卤代物Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳Nitrogen 氮气8.压力Hydraulic 液压pn

5、eumatic 气压vacuum 负压9.管接方式Butt-welded jointSleeve joints for weldingSlip-on type couplingScrewed and coupled jointMiter bend斜接好管头Lap 翻边接头Flanged joint 法兰接头Threaded joint 螺纹接头Tubing joint 管接头Caulked joint 堵缝接头（ a joint in which material is either poured or compressed by the use of tools into the annul

6、ar space between a bell(or hub) and spigot（or plain end）,thus comprising the joint seal）Soldered and brazed joint 软钎焊和硬钎焊接头Expanded joint 胀接10. 阀门diaphragm valve隔膜阀globe valve截止阀needle valve针形阀check valve 止回阀gate valve 闸阀11.端部连接Flanged end 法兰端Beveled end 坡口端（BE）Butt welded end 对焊端Plain end 平端（PE）Soc

7、ket welding end 承插焊端Threaded end 螺纹端（TE）Bell end 承口Welding end 焊接端Ring joint 环垫接头Universal joint 万向接头Lapped joint 搭接（松套）接头Bell and spigot joint 承插连接Small end plain（SEP）小端为平的Large end thread（LET）大端带螺纹12. 紧固件Eye bolt 环头螺栓Round head bolt 圆头螺栓Square head bolt 方头螺栓Hexagonal head bolt 六角头螺栓Anchor bolt 地脚螺

8、栓Jacket screw 顶起螺栓Self tapping screw 自攻螺丝Countersunk screw 沉头螺栓Expansion bolt 膨胀螺栓Flat nut 扁螺母Lock nut 锁紧螺母Wing nut 蝶形螺母13.型材I-beam 工字钢Angle steel角钢Channel 槽钢Shaped steel/swage型钢Wide flanged beam H型钢Square bar 方钢Flat bar 扁钢Round steel/rod 圆钢Strap steel 钢带14. 贮运，装卸及起重机械Crane 起重机Bridge crane 桥式起重机Moto

9、r hoist 电动葫芦Chain block 倒链，手动葫芦Silo 料仓Hopper 料斗Conveyor 输送机Belt conveyor皮带输送机15.tolerance 公差allowance 允差error 误差16.焊接Arc welding 电弧焊Electric fusion welding（EFW）电熔焊Fusion gas welding（FGW）气熔焊Electric resistance welding 电阻焊Automatic submerged welding 自动埋弧焊Gas metal arc welding（GMAW）金属极惰性气体保护电弧焊Argon-ar

10、c welding 氩弧焊Gas-shielded arc welding 气体保护电弧焊Plasma welding 等离子焊Fillet welding 角焊Intermittent welding 间接焊Spot welding点焊Butt welding 对焊Lap welding 搭焊Plug welding 塞焊Bead welding 珠焊Slot welding 槽焊Build up welding 堆焊Overhead welding 仰焊Vertical welding 立焊Flat welding 平焊Tack welding 定位焊Skip welding 跳焊Fiel

11、d welding (FW)现场焊Weld crack 焊接裂纹Mismatch welding错位焊Undercut 咬边Burn through焊穿Slag inclusion 夹渣Overlap 焊瘤Blister 砂眼Pin hole 针孔Porosity/blow hole 气孔Flux 焊剂，焊药Quenching 淬火变形缝movement/deformation joint的分类settlement joint 沉降缝shrinkage joint 收缩接缝aseismic joint抗震缝 17.法兰slipon flange 平焊法兰welding neck flange

12、对焊法兰socket welding flange承插焊法兰threaded flange (screwedflange) 螺纹法兰lapped joint flange(looseflange) 松套/滑套法兰raised face flange凸台面法兰male and female face flanges凹凸面法兰18. 钢结构（选自美国标准）Admixture外加剂web plate 腹板flange plate 翼缘板filler metal 焊丝anchor rod 地脚螺栓threaded bolt 螺栓shear wall 剪刀墙sheer key 剪键multistory

13、frame 多层框架diagonal bracing 三角支撑（耳朵板）lateral bracing横向支撑compression flange受压翼缘nodal bracing 节点支撑transverse stiffener横向加强构件High-strength bolt 高强螺栓bearing plate 承重板, 垫板crippling断裂compression joint压接dimensional tolerance尺寸公差beam access hole检查孔edge beam 边梁bracket梁托，隅撑：一种装饰性或承重的结构，其两边形成一直角，一臂嵌在墙上，另一臂嵌在一突出

14、表面下brace拉条，支撑continuous steel plate 通长板corbel 牛腿submerged arc welding 埋弧焊web 腹板，连接板Transverse brace斜拉Cantilever scaffolding 悬臂Diagonal brace 对角拉条Plan brace 水平支撑K-bracing batten plate缀板diaphragm 隔板short cantilever beam 牛腿flange beam工字钢inclined plate斜板connection plate 连接板doubler purling 双拼檩条shear wall

15、 剪力墙，剪刀墙splice 拼接（尾尾连接使之更长）anchor rod 地脚螺栓pin-connected销钉/螺栓连接column base柱脚stress range应力范围flexure member挠性构件gusset plate角撑板, 加固板angle strut 角钢撑column bracing 柱间支撑compaction 密实度compound stirrup 复合箍筋constant section column 等截面柱cover plate 盖板cross beam 井字梁camber of structural member 结构构件起拱tie beam 系梁t

16、ie bar 拉结钢筋tie rod系杆transverse stiffener 横向加劲肋bark pocket 夹皮circumferential weld 环形焊缝coupled wall 连肢墙fish-belly beam 角腹式梁flexible connection 柔性连接girder 主梁grip 夹具girth weld 环形焊缝groove 坡口gusset plate节点板hinged connection 铰接honeycomb 蜂窝hoop 箍筋hunched beam 加腋梁inclined section斜截面incomplete penetration 未焊透

17、intermediate stiffener 中间加劲肋 intermittent weld 断续焊缝key joint 键连接lacing and batten elements 缀材(缀件) lacing bar 缀条lintel 过梁map cracking 龟裂overlap 焊瘤padding plate 垫板partition 非承重墙rigid connection刚接ring beam 圈梁section steel型钢slag inclusion夹渣welded fabric焊接钢筋网gusset piece建联接板chain block手拉葫芦，倒链motor hoist

18、电动葫芦“A”issue A版图Erection opening 吊装孔Bracing 斜撑，支撑Base plate 底板Embedded/inserted part 预埋件undercut咬边windresistant column抗风柱土建spring and settlement起拱和沉降contraction joint收缩缝curing compound 混凝土养护剂Structural Sandwich夹层结构Acoustical Tile吸音砖Lay-In Ceiling Panel镶入式天花板Quicklime生石灰Lightweight Concrete轻质混凝土Seals

19、 and Sealants密封件和密封剂Random Sampling随机采样Blocking Resistance耐结块soakaway渗水坑Binder粘合剂plaster灰浆Screed找平（层）uplift 隆起Conveying, spraying and placing machines for concrete and mortar混凝土和灰浆用传送机、喷射机和浇筑机19 热处理Annealing 退火Normalizing 正火Preheating 预热Quenching 淬火Tempering 回火20.管道Process engineering 工艺PID 管道仪表流程图O

20、ffsite/utility system公用工程Start-up 开车，投料试车（test run、initial operation）Flange facing 法兰密封面Support 支承件Extruded outlet header 挤压引出管集管Casing 铸件Male threaded 外螺纹Forming 成形Backing ring 衬环（material in the form of a ring used to support molten weld metal）Consumable inserts 溶化性嵌条（preplaced filler metal which is completely fused into the root of the joint and becomes part of the weld）Misalignment 错边Visual examination 目视检测Liquid penetrant examination 渗透检测Magnetic particle examination 磁粉检测Radiographic examinatio