冠词以及现在完成时详解

1、个性化教案学生姓名教师上课日期学科英语年级高二年级教材版本人教版学案主题语法专练课时数量（全程或具体时间）授课时段教学目标教学内容短篇听力训练，通过理论加实际结合的方式讲解冠词以及现在完成时个性化学习问题解决教学重点、难点教学过程课时回顾1. Lesson Review Write something about the monastery or language points of the last class. 2. Phrase Dictation短篇听力训练Now, you are going to listen an article, answer these questions.1

2、. Whom had he received a letter from?_2. Where did he go yesterday?_3. Where and how is the bicycle being sent? _4. What did Dan feel when he heard the news?_5. How old is Dan now?_Dan Robinson has been worried all week. Last Tuesday he received the letter from the local police. In the letter he was

3、 asked to call the station. Dan wondered why he was wanted by the police, but he went to the station yesterday and now he is not worried anymore. At the station, he was told by a smiled policeman that his bicycle has been found. Five days before, the policeman told him, the bicycle was picked in a s

4、mall village four hundreds miles away. It is now being sent to his home by training. Dan was most surprised while he heard the news. He was amusing too, because he never expected the bicycle to be found. It was stolen twenty years ago when Dan was a boy of fifteen!Dan Robinson has been worried all w

5、eek. Last Tuesday he received a letter from the local police. In the letter he was asked to call at the station. Dan wondered why he was wanted by the police, but he went to the station yesterday and now he is not worried anymore. At the station, he was told by a smiling policeman that his bicycle h

6、ad been found. Five days ago, the policeman told him, the bicycle was picked up in a small village four hundred miles away. It is now being sent to his home by train. Dan was most surprised when he heard the news. He was amused too, because he never expected the bicycle to be found. It was stolen tw

7、enty years ago when Dan was a boy of fifteen!语法讲解1、 冠词一句话法门：逐字翻译，语境带入，假设特定，遵从规则，四象合一。1. .不定冠词翻译 a an 1) . 确定不定冠词最简单粗暴的方式就是翻译整句，如果代入“一个”“有个”“每个”而能使句子毫无违和的话，那么恭喜你。例如： The “Chinese Dream” is _ dream to improve people s well-being and _ dream of harmony, peace and development. A. the; a B. a; a C. a; th

8、e D. the; the2) . 通过翻译代入法无法确切判断是不定冠词的情况下，切记不要图快，请按照定冠词与零冠词的来。3) . 固定搭配（多读多读多读找语感就能分分钟秒杀。）Have a cold have a gift for Have a word withonce in a while in a hurry at a loss for a while once upon a time all of a sudden at a distance have a population of a waste of have/take a rest have a holiday a prefe

9、rence for get a lift/ride go on a diet at an early ageFour and half hours of discussion took us up to midnight, and break for cheese, chocolate and tea with sugar. A. a; a B. the; the C.不填；the D. a;不填 2. .定冠词特定 1). 定冠词和名词连用，表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。 Mother carved the meat into slices.2） 定冠词用于可数名词前，表示一类人或东西。 T

10、he horse is a useful animal. 3） 定冠词用于第二次出现的名词之前（不定冠词用于第一次出现的名字之前）。 I got a letter yesterday. The letter was sent by e-mail.4） 定冠词用于有词组或者定语从句修饰的名词前。 He is investigating the cause of the fire.5） 定冠词用于某些名词或者形容词前，表示一类人，一个民族，阶级或阶层。the Chinese the rich the Blacks6） 定冠词用于指说话双方都知道的人或事。Please close the door.

11、7） 定冠词用于世界上独一无二的事物前。the sun 太阳 the earth 地球 the world世界 江河海洋，海峡海湾，山脉沙漠，国家，公共建筑，机关、团体名词，报刊、条约8） 定冠词用于序数词、形容词和副词的最高级前。3. .零冠词1） 表示独一无二的职务、身份前一般不用冠词。 He was elected chairmen of the committee.2） 表示球类、棋类运动项目、一日三餐、交通工具不加冠词。5） 在一些地点的名词，如：bed, church, school, hospital,home, work等。当人们去这些地方做在这些地方应该做的事时，不加冠词。

12、go to school去上学 go to church去教堂祈祷 in hospital住院 注：如果在上述词组前面加上定冠词the,可以表示去这些场所做其他的事情。He came to the school to speak to the headmaster.他来学校和校长谈话。He went to the church to see the carvings.他去教堂看雕刻。His mother is in hospital and he has been in the hospital to take care of her.他妈妈生病住院了，他就一直在医院里面照顾她。2、 现在完成

13、时【四个用法】 1. 继续：从过去继续到现在的动作和状态 He has taught here since 1981。 他自1981年就在这儿教书。（可能还要继续教） 2. 经验：过去某时某刻到现在的经验 I have been to Beijing twice. 我去过北京二次。 3. 完成：现在刚完成的工作 I have just stopped reading. 我刚刚停止读书。(读书动作停止) 4. 结果：做的某事的结果 I have opened the window. 我已经打开窗户了。 注：表示曾经来过用 have been 比较：他已经到香港去了。He has gone to

14、HongKong. 他曾去过香港。He has been to HongKong. 【现在完成时与现在完成进行时】代入感受：Ive been cleaning the house but I still havent finished. 现在完成进行时表示动作未结束,持续的过程.而现在完成时相对强调动作的结果。翻译判断：We have been living here for nearly 20 years. I have been drinking five cups of coffee this afternoon.课时练习1、 Try your best to retell this s

15、tory. 2、 Exercises of Articles1. Animals are obviously _ lower form of life than _ man. A. a ; / B. the ; theC. a ; theD. / ; /2. It was _ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across _ night sky. A. 不填；a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; 不填3. Marco Polo is said to have sailed on Pacific Oce

16、an on his way to Java in I thirteenth century. A. the; a B. a; / C. /; the D. the; the5. India attained independence in 1947, after long struggle. A.不填;aB. the; aC. an;不填D. an; the6. People develop _ preference for a particular style of learning at _ early age and these preferences affect learning.

17、A. a; an B. a; 不填 C. 不填; the D. the; an7. The parents were shocked by news that their son needed operation on his knee. A. a;/ B. the; / C. the; an D. a; an8. They chose Tom to be _captain of the team because they knew he was _smart leader. A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a 9. Its good feeling

18、 for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them pleasure. A. 不填, a B. a, 不填 C. the, a D. a, the11. We have every reason to believe that_ 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will be_ success. A. / a B. the / C. the a D. a a12. Life the like _ ocean; Only _strong-willed can reach the other shore.

19、 A. an; the B. the; a C. the ;/ D. / ; a13. I earn 10 dollars hour assupermarket cashier on Saturdays. A.a;an                  B.the;a C.an;a              

20、      D.an;the14. The paper is due next month, and I am working seven days _ week, often long into_night. A. a; the B. the; 不填 C. a; a D. 不填；the16. I cant tell you _ way to the Wilsons' because we dont have_ Wilson here in the village. A.the； a B.a; / C. a; the D.the ; /

21、17. If we sit near _ front of the bus, well have _ better view. A. 不填； the B. 不填；a C. the; a D. the；the3、 Exercises of Present Perfect1. Look! Somebody _ the sofa. Well, it wasnt me. I didnt do it. Ais cleaningBwas cleaningChas cleanedDhad cleaned2. I remember you were a talented pianist at college.

22、 Can you play the piano for me? Sorry, I _ the piano for years. A. don't playB. wasn't playingC. haven't playedD. hadn't played3. Alvin, are you coming with us? I'd love to, but something unexpected _. A. has come up B. was coming up C. had come upD. would come up4. The manager _

23、 the workers how to improve the program since 9 am. A. has told B. is telling C. has been telling D. will have told5. When Alice came to, she did not know how long she _ there. A. had been lying B. has been lying C. was lying D. has lain6. Tom in the library every night over the last three months. A. works B. worked C. has been work