高中高考英语知识汇总真题解析教程练习答案形容词与副词

1、第六章 形容词和副词一、形容词、副词的等级(一)形容词/副词的比较级和最高级构成1规则形容词级的构成单音节词er和est型构成规则原级比较级最高级一般在词未加-er和-esttallgreathardtallergreaterhardertallestgreatesthardest以e结尾的只加-r和-stnicelargenicerlargernicestlargest以辅音字母加y结尾的，先变y为i，再加-er,-estdrydrierdriest闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er,-estbigthinhotbiggerthinnerhotterbig

2、gestthinnesthottest双音节词er和est型少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble, -ple结尾的双音节单词，方法同单音节词happysimpleclevernarrowhappiersimplercleverernarrowerhappiestsimplestcleverestnarrowestmore和most型其他的在前面加more,most分别构成比较级和最高级carefulusefullquicklymore carefulmore usefullmore quicklymost carefulmost usefullmost quickly多音节词more和m

3、ost型在其前面加more和mostdifficultbeautifulmore difficultmore beautifulmost difficultmost beautiful2不规则形容词的级的构成 原级比较级最高级goodbetterbestwellbadworseworstillmanymoremostmuchlittlelessleastfarfartherfarthestfurtherfurthestoldolderoldesteldereldest3形容词、副词递减的比较等级的构成在形容词、副词前加less和least，表示“较不”和“最不”interesting有趣的 l

4、ess interesting较无趣的 least interesting最无趣的important重要的 less important较不重要的 least important最不重要的4没有比较级和最高级的形容词、副词 有些形容词由于其本身涵义一般不用来比较。如： 表示“完全、特别”意义的形容词 final, hopeless, fatherless, matherless, universal, complete, entire, excellent, perfect, thorough, total, whole, full, empty, relative, homeless, ha

5、rmless, impossible等。 表示“极限、主次”意义的形容词 chief, extreme, main, major, basic, primary, first, most, wonderful, 表示“几何形状”的形容词 angular, circle, level, oval, round, square, horizontal, triangle, straight, hollow等。 表示“处所、方位、时间”的形容词 ahead, daily, weekly, here, now, present, then, backward, outside, future, onc

6、e等 表示“状态和强调”的形容词 asleep, ashamed, awake, aware, blind, deaf, dead, naked，favorite, hardly, simple, very 表示“国籍、性质、材料”的形容词 American, economic, scientific, woolen, true, false, illegal 表示“独一无二”的形容词 mere, only, single, sole, matchless junior等词 junior, senior, inferior, prior没有比较级和最高级，要同to连用，不能和than连用。“m

7、ost+形容词”可表达一种程度上非常高的特性和品质，表示“非常”或“在很大程度上”，但却 不表示比较，这时most前一般无the。 What he said is most interesting.他说的话有趣极了。Don't you know it is a most important question?难道你不知道这是个很重要的问题？（二）形容词比较级和最高级的用法 1二者之间的比较 （1）递增：用于事物二者之间的比较，表示程度上“更高”；常用从属连词than连接。其结构为含有形容词比较级的主句+than引导的从句（其中意义上和主句相同的部分常省去）。 Tom is taller

8、 than his deskmate.汤姆比他同桌高。The black car is more expensive than the red one .这辆黑车比那辆红车更贵。 （2）递减：用于事物二者之间的比较，表示程度上“更低”；常用从属连词than连接。She is less beautiful than Mary.她不如玛丽漂亮。 （3）同级比较：表示程度相等（同）或不相等（同）时，asas， not so(as) asas之间通常用表示数量、程度、性质的词：many, much, little, few, good, tall, far等。You look as tall as y

9、our father.你看上去跟你爸爸一般高。Now Jack isn't driving so fast as he used to.如今杰克开车不如以前那么快了。2二者以上的事物比较用于二者以上的事物比较，形容词、副词的最高级表示程度上“最高”。形容词最高级前一般需加定冠词the。This is the best film I have ever seen.这是我看过的最好的电影。3修饰比较等级常用的副词形容词和副词的比较等级常用下列词修饰表程度：much, far,by far, even, still, a little, no , a lot, rather, any(用于否

10、定句或疑问句)a great deal等。 I'm sure you'll make still greater progress.我肯定你能取得更大的进步。There're now a lot more trees on the hills around the village.现在村庄四周的山上树木多多了。4比较级+and+比较级常用“比较级+and+比较级”来表达“越来越。 His voice got weaker and weaker.他的声音越来越弱。Take some medicine and you'll get better and better

11、.吃些药吧，你会越来越好。5 “the+比较级, the+比较级”来表达“越，（就）越”The harder you study, the greater progress youll make.你越努力，进步就越大。6“the +比较级+of the two”来表示“两个中最”表示两者中较突出者，且比较级后又有名词， 这时的比较级前一定要加定冠词the。 如:Joan is the taller of the two girls.琼是这两个女孩中较高的一个。7“more A than B”表示“与其说是B，不如说是A” He is more diligent than clever.与其说他

12、聪明，不如说他勤奋。8表示倍数（1) 倍数+形容词 (或副词)的比较级+thanThis rope is twice longer than that one.这根绳的长度是那根绳的三倍。(比那根绳长二倍)（2）倍数+as+形容词(或much)或副词原级+asThis big stone is three times as heavy as that one.这块大石头的重量是那一块的三倍。(这块石头比那块重二倍)（3）倍数+the size(length, width, height)ofThis street is four times the length of that one.这条街

13、是那条街的四倍长。注意：如果形容词是修饰名词的，要把名词放在形容词后面。即：倍数+more+名词 (可数，不可数)+than倍数+as many(或much)+名词+其他+as9“no+比较级+than”表示该形容词的反义词。 He is no richer than a beggar.他穷得像乞丐。10使用比较级要注意的几点：（1）比较的对象必须是属于同一性质(范畴)内的人或物。如:误The weather of Shanghai is finer than Beijing. 这句表达的是上海的天气与北京相比，比较对象不一致。应改为：The weather of Shanghai is fi

14、ner than that of Beijing.（2）要避免比较级中自身与自身比较。如:误Joan studies harder than any student in her class.Joan属于any student中的一位，没有排除自身比较。应改为:Joan studies harder than any other student in her class.Joan studies harder than any of the other students in her class.Joan studies harder than anyone else in her class

15、.上述三个正确的句子可分别用下列结构表示: any other+单数可数名词 比较级+ than + any of the other+复数可数名词 anyone else但是，不同范围的同类人或物进行比较时，则than引导的从句中不用other。 China is larger than any country in Europe.（3）.要避免重复比较。如:误 Mary runs more faster than Lucy.more是many/ much的比较级，它只能构成比较级而不能修饰比较级。 应改为: Mary runs faster than Lucy.【课堂练习】1. The b

16、read is _ than these cakes A. very delicious B. much delicious C. more delicious D. as delicious2. Lin Tao jumped _ in the long jump in the school sports meeting A. far B. farther C. farthest D. quite far3. When they met in the hotel . They talked and laughed _A. happily B. happy C. happier D. happi

17、est4. In our city its _ in July ,but it is even _ in August A. hotter hottest B. hot hot C. hotter hot D. hot hotter5. Hainan is a very large Island .It is the second _ island in china. A. large B. larger C. largest D. most largest 6. An elephant is _ than a tiger . A. heavy B. very heavy C. the hea

18、viest D. Heavier 7. A horse is _ than a dog . A. much heavy B. more heavier C. much heavier D. more heavy8. Emma always makes a lot of mistakes . She is _. A. care B. careful C. carefully D. careless9. Which subject is _ , physics or chemistry ? A. interesting B. most interesting C. more interesting

19、 D. the most interesting 10. He is _ enough to carry the heavy box . A. strong B. stronger C. much stronger D. the strongest 11. Li lei often talks _ but does _ so everyone says he is a good boy . A. less,more B. few,much C. more,little D. little,many 12. When the famous singer started to sing , eve

20、ryone began to shout very _ . A. loudly B. loud C. heavily D. high 巩固提高1. It takes a long time to go there by train. Its_by road.A. quick B. the quickest C. much quick D. quicker2. -if you don't like the red coat, take the blue one.-Ok, but do you have _size in blue? This one's a bit tight f

21、or me. A. big B. a bigger C. the big D. the bigger3. -Are you satisfied with her answer?-Not at all. It couldn't have been_. A. worse B. so bad C. better D. the worst4. He made the _ mistakes in the final exam. A. less B. least C. fewer D. fewest5.She doesn't speak _ her friends, but her wri

22、tten work is excellent. A. as well as B. as often as C. as much as D. as good as6.The horse is getting old and cannot run _ it did. A. as faster as B. so fast than C. so faster as D. as fast as7.Children shouldn't stay up _ grown-ups do. A. as later as B. so late thanC. so later as D. as late as8.-How did you find your visit to the museum? -I thoroughly enjoyed it. It was _ than I expected.