05于老师非谓语动词专题

1、非谓语动词专题1. 动词不定式的构成动词不定式的基本形式是“to动词原形”，有时可以不带to。动词不定式保留有动词的特征，可以有自己的宾语和状语，从而构成动词不定式短语，如：Hetriedtoworkouttheprobleminfiveminutes.不定式有不同的时态和语态。时态形式主动语态被动语态一般式todotobedone进行式tobedoing完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone完成进行式tohavebeendoing考点1不定式的一般式、进行式和完成式1.不定式的一般式表示动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或在其后发生。Sheappearstobesatisfied.

2、OurheadmasterisgoingtoShanghaitoattendameeting.2. 不定式的进行式表示动作正在进行Theyseemtobegettingalongquitewell.3. 不定式的完成式表示过去已完成的动作，还可表示过去没有实现的愿望。Youappeartohaveknownaboutit.Imeanttohavetelephoned,butIforgot.(=1hadmeanttotelephone)不定式的完成进行式表示的动作在谓语动词的动作之前就已经发生，并一直延续着。Theboywashappytohavebeenstayingwithhisuncle.

3、考点2不定式的被动形式不定式有两种形式的被动式：tobedone和tohavebeendone。当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式一般用被动形式。如果不定式的逻辑主语是动作的执行者，不定式用主动式。Iwishtobelovedandrespectedbyall.ThisnovelissaidtohavebeentranslatedintoEnglish.考点3不定式的否定式动词不定式的否定式是在动词不定式前加not或never构成的。Soastodosth和inordertodosth的否定式是将否定词置于不定式符号to之前。Hepretendednottohaveseenmew

4、henIpassedby.Mr.Smithwarnedhisdaughternevertodriveafterdrinking.Hestudieshardinordernottofallbehindtheotherclassmates.达标训练一、单项选择1. WithFather'Dayaroundthecorner,Ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebankpresentsformydad.AbuyBtobuyCbuyingDtohaveboughtasanOlympicevent,asportmustbeplayedinatleast75countrieson

5、atleast4continents.AToacceptBHavingacceptedCTobeacceptedDAcceptingDuetotheheavyrainandflooding,tenmillionpeoplehavebeenforcedtheirhomes.AleavingBtoleaveCtobeleftDbeingleftIfeelgreatlyhonoredintotheirsociety.DwelcomedAtowelcomeBwelcomingCtobewelcomedHavingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,but

6、itremainswhethertheywillenjoyit.DseenDtohavebeenstudyingDtobereadAtoseeBtobeseenCseeingRobertissaidabroad,butIdon'tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.AtohavestudiedBtostudyCtobestudyingWhenmothercamein,LittleTompretendedinhisstudy.AtoreadBtohavereadCtobereadingIdon'tnowwhetheryouhappen,butI'goin

7、gtostudyintheUSAthisSeptember.AtobeheardBtobehearingCtohearDtohaveheard2. Doletyourmotherknowallthetruth.Sheappearseverything.AtotellBtobetoldCtobetellingDtohavebeentoldTofetchwaterbeforebreakfastseemedtomearule.AtoneverbreakBnevertobebrokenCnevertohavebrokenDnevertobebreaking二、词语填空：用动词的适当形式填空1. You

8、weresillynot(lock)yourcar.2. Welookedeverywhereforthekeys,buttheyarenowhere(find)Hisfirstbook(publish)nextmonthisbasedonatruestory.3. (complete)theprojectintime,thestaffwereworkingatweekends.4. IsBobstillperforming?I'mafraidnot.Heissaid(leave)thestagealreadyashehasbecomeanofficial.5. Thefluisbel

9、ieved(cause)byvirusesthatliketoreproduceinthecellsinsidethehumannoseandthroat.三、完成句子：用不定式的适当形式完成下列句子我们的校长要去上海参加一个会议。OurheadmasterisgoingtoShanghai我希望受到大家的爱戴和尊敬Iwishandrespectedbyall.1. 怀特先生警告他的女儿放学后绝不要在学校逗留。Mr.Whitetoldhisdaughterafterschool据说这个城市发展成了一个现代艺术中心。Thecityissaidintoamodernartscenter.2. 据说

10、这部小说已经译成了英语。ThisnovelissaidintoEnglish.2. 动词不定式的句法功能不定式具有名词、形容词、副词的功能，在句中可用作除谓语以外的所有句子成分，包括主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语和状语，有时还可用作插入语，但不能用作谓语。考点1不定式做主语：不定式可以直接做主语。为了避免头重脚轻，通常将作主语的不定式置于句子后部，而在句首的主语位置使用形式主语it.Totraveltothemoonbyspaceshipismydream.Itismygreathonortobeinvitedtoyourbirthdayparty.考点2不定式作表语：不定式作表语常用来说

11、明主语的具体内容或表示目的。有三种情况：1) 用seem,appear,prove,turnout等系动词之后的不定式Sheseemstobeveryhappythesedays.2) 主语与表语“等价”的情形：Myjobistosweepthefloor.3) 情态将来“应该，必须”表示义务、命令、想法、约定、可能性等。Youarenottosmokeinthisroom.考点3不定式作宾语：不定式可以充当及物动词的宾语。也可做个别介词(but,except)的宾语。Heagreedtogotherewithmeafterschool.Hehasnothingtodobut/exceptwa

12、tchTV.IfindtdifficulttolearnJapanesewell.考点4不定式作宾补：动词不定式可以在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾补”句型中充当宾语补足语。Whatcausedhimtochangehismind?Wearewaitingforthedoctortoarrive.Thedoctorsmadehimgiveupsmoking.考点5不定式作定语：不定式作定语时，须放在其修饰的名词或代词之后，与其所修饰的名词或代词之间存在着一定得逻辑关系(主谓关系、动宾关系、修饰关系)He'salwaysthefirstpersontocomeandthelasttoleave.

13、Hesapleasantfellowtoworkwith.Ihaveastrongwishtogotocollege.考点6不定式作状语：不定式作状语可以表示多种关系(如：目的、结果、原因、条件)。动词不定式作状语时，其逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。IwenttoFrancetolearnFrench.(表目的，不能有逗号)Heliftedarockonlytodropitonhisownfeel.(出人意料)Iamveryhappytohavepassedtheexamination.(在情绪形容词后，作原因状语)考点7不定式作插入语：用作独立成分，表明说话人的态度。1. totellthetr

14、uthtobehonesttobeginwithtobeexacttobefrankwithyou达标训练一、单项选择Wewereastonishedthetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.AfindingBtofindCfindDtobefoundThedoctorthoughtwouldbegoodforyoutohaveaholiday.AthisBthatConedit,thepayisn'tattractiveenough,thoughthejobitselfisquiteinteresting.AGenerallyspeakingBOnth

15、econtraryCInparticularDTobehonestThepurposeoftheexchangeprogramistheunderstandingbetweenthetwocountries.AtopromoteBtohavepromotedCtopromotingDpromotedThemessageisveryimportant,soitissupposedassoonaspossible.AtobesentBtosendCbeingsentDsendingI'mgoingtothesupermarketthisafternoon.Doyouhaveanything

16、?AtobebuyingBtobuyCforbuyingDboughtDidthebookgivetheinformationyouneeded?Yes.Butit,Ihadtoreadtheentirebook.AtofindBfindCtofindingDfindingThemanwefollowedsuddenlystoppedandlookedasifwhetherhewasgoingintherightdirection.AseeingBhavingseenCtohaveseenDtoseeHavingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple

17、,butitremainswhethertheywillenjoyit.AtoseeBtobeseenCseeingDseenIs-necessarytocompletethedesignbeforeNationalDay?AthisBthatCitDheThechairmanthoughtnecessarytoinviteProfessorSmithtospeakatthemeeting.AthatBitCthisDhimTherearefivepairs,butI'matalosswhichtobuy.AtobechosenBtochoosefromCtochooseDforcho

18、osingThefactthatshewasforeignmadedifficultforhertogetajobinthatcountry.AsoBmuchCthatDit二、词语填空：用动词的适当形式填空。1. Ihavealotofreadings(complete)beforetheendofthisterm.2. Thenewsreportershurriedtotheairport,only(tell)thefilmstarshadleft.3. Allthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediatelysoasto(receive)intimeforChristma

19、s.4. (tell)youthetruth,Helenwasnotthelast(leave)theoffice.5. Shewilltelluswhyshefeelssostronglythateachofushasarole(play)inmakingtheearthabetterplacetolive.三、完成句子：用不定式的适当形式完成下列句子Thereisnothing.(没有什么可担心的)1. Isawhim(把你的字典拿走了)Youshouldnotmissanychance(你不应该错过任何练习英语的机会)2. Weagreedbutsofarshehasn'ttur

20、nedupyet.(我们同意在此见面的，但到现在她都没露面。)3. ,peoplemighttakeyouforanAmerican.(要是听到你说英语的话，人们还会误以为你是美国人呢。)3. “疑问词+不定式”和不定式的复合结构考点1“疑问词+不定式”结构不定式可以和疑问代词who,whom,what,which和疑问副词when,where,how以及连词whether等连用，在句中一起作主语、表语、宾语和同位语，可扩展为相应的名词性从句。Whenandwheretobuildthehousehasn'tbeendecidedyet?Marxgaveussomeadviceonho

21、wtolearnaforeignlanguage.Thequestioniswhichwaytotake.考点2动词不定式的复合结构动词不定式的逻辑主语有时需要明确表示，这时可用介词for或of引出逻辑主语，构成forsbtodosth./forsthtobedone和ofsbtodosth结构。这就是不定式的复合结构。这种结构在句中作主语、表语、定语或状语等Itiseasyforagirlnottorememberwhatshedoesn'twanttoremember.IsenthimsomepicturesforhimtoseewhatParisislike.It'sve

22、ryniceofyoutomakeusfeelathomesoonafterwemovedhere.Itistypicalofhimtotakehardjobs.考点3多变的不定式符号“to”1）不定式符号“to”的单独使用：为了避免重复，可以用不定式符号“to”来代替不定式结构，省去不定式中和句子前后重复的部分。注意：不定式的完成式一般保留“tohave”；tobe结构中的be不能省略。Willyoujoinusinatalk?Yes,I'llbegladto.IsawhimridinghisbicycleintheparkandItoldhimnotto.Chinaisnolong

23、erwhatitusedtobe.2）不定式符号“to”的省略：make/have/letsbdo;see/hear/watch/notice/observesbdo;hadbetter/wouldrather/whynotdo;cannothelpbut/otherthando3）并列不定式省略“to”的情况：当前后两个不定式有对比或对照关系时，不可省略toItiseasiertopersuadepeoplethantoforcethem.Theycamenottosaveus,buttoconquerus.达标训练一、单项选择1. It'snousehavingideasonly.

24、Don'tworry.Petercanshowyoutoturnanideaintoanact.AhowBwhoCwhatDwhereHetolduswhetherapicturewasstillunderdiscussion.AtohaveBhavingChaveDhadLastsummerItookacourseon.AhowtomakedressesBhowdresseshemakeChowtobemadedressesDhowdressestobemadeItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows.Aitwh

25、attodowithBwhattodoitwithCwhattodowithitDtodowhatwithitI'veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhatinmynewjob.AexpectedBtoexpectCtobeexpectingDexpectsThemotherdidn'tknowwhoforthebrokenglassasithappenedwhileshewasout.AblamedBtobeblamedCtoblameDwouldblameWeallthinkitmostfoolishthismistake.Aforyoum

26、akingBofyoutomakeCyoutomakeDforyoutomakeIttookalongtimefortheconnectionbetweenbodytemperatureandillness.AtomakeBtobemadeCmakingDbeingmadeNowadayspeoplesomethingseparatetheirwastetomakeiteasierforit.AreusingBreusedCreusesDtobereusedMymotherispreparingmyfavoritedishes.Gowithmeandhaveataste,okay?.AndI&

27、#39;llbegladtomeetyourparents.AIthinksoBI'dlovetoCI'msureDIhopesoWhat'sthematterwithDella?Well,herparentswouldn'tallowhertogototheparty,butshewill.AhopestoBhopessoChopesnotDhopesforTheboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim.AnottoBnottodoCnotdoitDdonotto2. -Wouldyoul

28、iketocomeforawalkwithme?-I'prefer-;thankyou.AnottoBtonotCnotDcan't3. ChinahaspromisedtoreviseitsexistingregulationsandnewpoliciesaccordingtoWTOrequirements.AformingBtoformCtobeformingDhaveformed4. Itisthegreatesthappinessonearth.AlovingandtobelovedBtoloveandbeinglovedCtoloveandtobelovedDtolo

29、veandbeloved二、完成句子：用不定式的适当形式完成下列句子1. Thisis（这由你来决定）2. Itwassillylikethat.（吉姆那样做事，真是太棒了）3. isnotknownyet.（在哪里开会还不知道呢。）4. Theywillteachus.（他们将教我们怎样使用这台机器）5. ThoughIdidn',Iwaspersuadedtogothere.（我本不想去那里，但经不住别人劝说还是去了）6. -Areyouanengineer?-No,butI.（不，可我想成为工程师）4.动词ing形式的构成考点1动词ing形式的构成动词ing形式保留动词的基本特征

30、，可以带有自己的宾语和状语（系动词还可带表语），构成动词ing形式短语动词ing形式有时态和语态的变化。它有一般式和完成式两种时态形式，并有被动的形式1.动词ing形式的一般式：表示一般性的动作，或表示于谓语动作几乎同时发生。时态f语态主动形式被动形式冃定式否定式r1、，冃定式否定式一般式doingnotdoingbeingdonenotbeingdone完成式havingdonenothavingdonehavingbeendonenothavingbeendoneWorkinghardwillproducegoodresults.Can'youread?"Marysaid

31、angrilypointingtothenotice.2. 动词ing形式的完成式：表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前，强调动作已经完成。Havingwateredthevegetables,webegantodigtheground.3. 动词ing形式的被动式：当动词ing形式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者时，用其被动形式。Iappreciatebeinginvitedtoyourhome.Havingbeencriticizedbytheteacher,WangMinggaveupsmoking.4. 动词ing形式的否定式：在其前加not等否定词I'msorryfornotbeingpre

32、sentatthemeetingintime.Nothavingbeeninformedofthechangeinthemeetingtime,Mikearrivedlate.考点2动词ing形式的复合结构当动词ing形式需要自己的逻辑主语时，一般在ing前加形容词性物主代词或名词所有格。这种带有自己的逻辑主语的ing形式称作动词ing形式的复合结构。此结构在句子中可以作主语、宾语或表语。1）此结构用作宾语时，所有格可以用宾格和名词普通格代替。Wouldyoumindmy/meturninguptheradioalittle?SheinsistedonPeter's/Petergoin

33、gtherefirst/2）此结构作主语或作表语时，通常只用名词所有格形式作其逻辑主语。Tom'marryingMarymadehisparentsveryangry.3）当动词ing形式的逻辑主语是无生命的东西时，通常不用物主代词或名词所有格。Ilookforwardtoitgettingwarmerinspring.一句话：his/Tom'doing结构可做主语、宾语或表语；him/Tomdoing只可做宾语。达标训练一、单项选择1. Thetrafficrulesaysyoungchildrenundertheageoffourandlessthan40poundsmus

34、tbeinachildsafetyseat.AbeingweighedBtoweighCweighedDweighing2. manytimes,hefinallyunderstoodit.AToldBTellingCHavingtoldDHavingbeentoldinthequeueforhalfanhour,theoldmansuddenlyrealizedhehadleftthechequeinthecar.AWaitingBTowaitCHavingwaitedDTohavewaitedthathewasingreatdanger,Ericwalkeddeeperintothefor

35、est.ANotrealizedBNottorealizeCNotrealizingDNottohaverealizedaroundtheWaterCube,wewerethentakentoseetheBird'sNestforthe2008OlympicGames.AHavingshownBTobeshownCHavingbeenshownDToshowIwouldappreciatebackthisafternoon.AyoutocallByoucallCyourcallingDyou'recallingAtthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofde

36、skscouldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.AopenedandclosedBtobeopenedandclosedCbeingopenedandclosedDtoopenandclosethemeetinghimselfgavethemagreatdealofencouragement.AThepresidentwillattendBThepresidenttoattendCThepresidentattendedDThepresident'sattendingVictorapologizedfortoinformmeofthechangeintheplan

37、.AhisbeingnotableBhimnottobeableChisnotbeingableDhimtobenotableThelawyerlistenedwithfullattention,tomissanypoint.AnottryingBtryingnotCtotrynotDnottotry二、词语填空：用动词的适当形式填空。1. “Youcan'tcatchme!”Jennetshouted,(run)away.2. (notknow)heraddress,wecouldn'tgetintouchwithher.3. (notcomplete)theprogramm

38、e,theyhavetostaythereforanothertwoweeks.4. (separate)fromothercontinentsformillionsofyears,Australiahasmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanyothercountryintheworld.5. Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledtothethief(catch)三、完成句子：用动词的适当形式完成下列句子1. Iappreciatetoyourhome.(我对被邀请去你家做客表示谢意)Wouldyoumindyourtelephone?(我用用你

39、的电话介意么？)2. I'msorryforatthemeetingintime.(我很抱歉没能按时赴会)thevegetables,webegantodigtheground.(我们浇过菜之后，就开始挖地)3. bytheteacher,WangMinggaveupsmoking.(受到老师批评后，王明戒烟了)。5.动词ing形式的句法功能动词ing形式具有名词、形容词、副词的功能，在句中可用作除谓语以外的所有句子成分，包括主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语，有时还可以用作独立成分考点1动词ing形式作主语Itisnousetryingtopersuadehim.Livingwith

40、outanaimislikesailingwithoutacompass.提示：Beingdone作主语时，being不可省略，因为过去分词done不能作主语Beinglostcanbeaterrifyingexperience.考点2动词ing形式作表语，说明主语的具体内容。这样表语与主语“等价”Hisjobisdeliveringnewspapers.提示：有些动词ing形式作表语，可以说明主语的性质特征“令人的”Thenewswasverydisappointing.考点3动词ing形式作宾语，动词ing形式可以充当部分及物动词的宾语，也可以充当介词的宾语。Manystudentsenj

41、oyaskingquestionsinEnglish.Excusemeforcominglate.提示：动词ing形式作宾语时，其中有很多都是和一些固定搭配有关。考点4动词ing形式做宾补：动词ing形式可以在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型中充当宾补。其中，宾语是动词ing形式的逻辑主语。Hesawthechildrenplayingintheyard.考点5动词ing形式作定语：动词ing短语作定语，放在被修饰词之后。Thosewishingtojointhisclubshouldsignhere.单个动词ing形式作定语一般置于被修饰的名词之前，主要有三个作用：1) 说明被修饰名词的

42、用途。asleepingcar=acarwhichisusedforsleeping表示动作正在进行。asleepingbaby=ababywhoissleeping2)表示被修饰名词的性质特征"令人的”apuzzlingquestion考点6动词ing形式作状语：动词ing形式作状语可以修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随等。Workinghard,youwillsucceed.=IfyouworkhardThefirelastednearlyamonth,leavingnothingvaluable.提示：为了使作状语的动词ing形式所表达的时间、

43、条件、让步等意思更加明确，可在其前加上适当的连词。Whilereadingthebook,henoddedfromtimetotime.考点7动词ing形式作独立成分：动词ing形式可在句中作独立成分，表示说话人的态度。他们的逻辑主语可以课句子的主语不一致，这种动词ing形式已成为固定结构，其形式不受句子主语的限制而改变。generallyspeakingjudgingfrom/byconcerning达标训练一、单项选择wellinaninterviewwillbeanimportantpartofgettingaplaceatuniversity.ADoBDoingCDoneDBeingd

44、oneItrainedheavilyinthesouth,seriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.AcausedBhavingcausedCcausingDtocauseWhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset?hernewbicycle.AASshelostBLostCLosingDBecauseoflosingDon'tleavethewaterwhileyoubrushyourteeth.ArunBrunningCbeingrunDtoruninthefieldsonaMarchafternoon,hecouldfeelthewarm

45、thofspring.ATowalkBWalkingCWalkedDHavingwalkedtoreachthemonthephone,wesentanemailinstead.AFailBFailedCTofailDHavingfailedHewasbusywritingastory,onlyonceinawhiletosmokeacigarette.AtostopBstoppingCtohavestoppedDhavingstoppedThebelltheendoftheperiodrang,ourheateddiscussion.Aindicating;interruptingBindi

46、cated;interruptingCindicating;interruptedDindicated;interruptedTheparentssuggestedinthehotelroombuttheirkidswereanxioustocampourduringthetrip.AsleepBtosleepCsleepingDhavingsleptHehadawonderfulchildhood,withhismothertoallcornersoftheworld.AtravelBtotravelCtraveledDtraveling二、词语填空：用动词的适当形式填空1. Listen!

47、Doyouhearsomeone(call)forhelp.2. (look)atmyclassmates'faces,Ireadthesameexcitementintheireyes.3. Thenewsshockedthepublic,(lead)togreatconcernaboutstudents'safetyatschool.4. Dina,(struggle)formonthstofindajobasawaitress,finallytookapositionatalocaladvertisingagency.5. Lotsofrescueworkerswerew

48、orkingaroundtheclock,(send)suppliestoYushu,QinghaiProvinceaftertheearthquake.三、完成句子Itisnousehim.(试图说服他是没有用的)1. Thebuildingnowisahospital.(正在建造的那座楼是一所医院)Thoseshouldsignhere.(想加入本俱乐部的人在这里签名)2. Haveyouconsideredapenpal?（你是否考虑过找一位笔友）I'msorrytohavekeptyoumeforsolong.（对不起，让你久等了）3. islikesailingwithout

49、acompass.（生活没有目的就像航海没有指南针）thisfact,hemustbeanhonestman.（从这一事实判断，他比是一个诚实的人）4. inLondonforyears,Ialmostknoweveryplacequitewell.（在伦敦住过多年，我几乎对每个地方都很熟悉）6动词ed形式考点1动词ed形式和意义1）动词ed形式保留有动词的一些特点，可以带有自己的宾语或状语构成动词ed形式短语Iwouldlikethismattersettledbythemimmediately.2）动词ed形式的否定式由not或never加上动词动词ed形式构成。Notallowedtog

50、oin,hehadtowaitoutside.3）及物动词的ed形式通常带有被动完成意义或被动一般意义。不及物动词ed形式仅表示完成意义，没有被动的含义。Givenmoretime,Icouldhavedoneitbetter.Weshouldbringinadvancedtechnologyfromdevelopedcountries.考点2动词ed形式的句法功能动词ed形式前有动词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以作表语、定语、状语或补语。有时还可以用作独立成分。动词ed形式不具有名词的特点，故不能用作主语和宾语。1）作表语：动词ed形式作表语，表示主语的状态。Thedoorsremainl

51、ocked.=Thedoorsarestilllocked.2）作定语：单个动词ed形式作定语一般前置：ed短语作定语要后置。Losttimecanneverbefoundagain.（=Timewhichislost）Isthereanythingplannedfortonight?提示：单个动词ed形式given作定语可前置也可后置。Left只能作后置定语。Pleasemakeasentencewiththegivenwords/thewordsgiven.Thebooksleftareformystudents.3）作补语：动词ed形式在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾补”句型结构中可以充当补足语

52、。其中，动词ed形式和它前面的宾语构成逻辑上的被动关系。Iwantthisquestiondiscussedatthemeeting.Thegirlwasfoundbeatenblackandblue.4）作状语：动词ed形式可用作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随，可扩张为状语从句或并列句。这种状语位置灵活，可放在句子前面、后面、或插在句中。动词ed形式作状语时，其逻辑主语一般是句子中的主语。Askedwhyhedidit,themonitorsaiditwashisduty.（=Whenhewasasked）Lostinthought,healmostranintothecari

53、nfrontofhim.（=Ashelostinthought）Evenifinvited,Iwon'tgo.Thisbookwillsellwellwhenprinted.5）动词ed形式作独立成分：个别动词ed形式可用作独立成分，表明说话人的态度。这种独立成分已成为固定结构，形式不可改变。如：given=considering考虑到Giventhegeneralstateofhishealth,itmaytakehimawhiletorecoverfromtheoperation.达标训练一、单项选择1. bythegrowinginterestinnature,moreandmo

54、repeopleenjoyoutdoorsports.AInfluencedBInfluencingCHavinginfluencedDTobeinfluencedThoughtoseeus,theprofessorgaveuawarnwelcome.AsurprisingBwassurprisedCsurprisedDbeingsurprisedTheexperimentshowsthatproperamountsofexercise,ifregularly,canimproveourhealth.AbeingcarriedoutBcarryingoutCcarriedoutDtocarry

55、outAgreatnumberofstudentssaidtheywereforcetopracticethepiano.AtoquestionBtobequestionedCquestionedDquestioningtwice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechainedourdog.ABeingbittenBBittenCHavingbittenDTobebittenbythebeautyofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarm.AAttract

56、ingBAttractedCTobeattractedDHavingattractedThroughouthistory,thelanguagebyapowerfulgroupspreadsacrossacivilization.DtobespokenDtogrowDadmittedDtobefirstplayingAspeakingBspokenCtospeakForbreakfastheonlydrinksjuiceformfreshfruitonhisownfarm.AgrownBbeinggrownCtobegrownAmanisbeingquestionedinrelationtot

57、hemurderlastnight.AadvisedBattendedCattemptedTheOlympicGames,in776BC,didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.AfirstplayingBtobefirstplayedCfirstplayed二、词语填空1. (see)fromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.2. Shefeltagreatweight(take)offhermind(notallow)togoin,hehadtowaitoutside.3. Wefinishedtheruninlessthan

58、halfthetime(allow)Afterhisjourneyfromabroad,RichardJonesreturnedhome,(exhaust)三、完成句子moretime,Icouldhavesolvedthatriddle.（给充足的时间，我就能猜出那个谜语）1. Hewastryingtomakehimself（他正努力使别人听懂自己）tohisparty,shegotangrywithhim.（从未被邀请过参加他的聚会，她对他很生气）2. Theoldmanwentintotheroom,byhiswife.（那老人在妻子的搀扶下走进了房间）inthought,healmostranintothecar.（由于陷入沉思，他差一点撞上汽车）7. 非谓语动词作主语和表语的区别考点1不定式与动词ing形式作主语和表语的区别表示一般的、抽象的动作时用动词ing形式。表示将来的、具体的一次性动作时用不定式。ReadingEnglishnovelsisreallygr