2016年托福写作模板总汇

1、2016年托福（TOEFL写作素材模板汇总托福写作素材棋板：邻居的重要性素材段落Peopleseemtobeusinga'closeddoor'policywhenitcomestointeractingwiththeirneighbors.Bycontrast,therearesomewhostillseetheimportanceofopeningsomepartoflifetofriendlyneighbors.Beingopen-mindedcangoalongwaytowardshelpingtocreateastrongneighborhoodthathasasen

2、seofcommunity.Obviously,placeswherepeopleknowtheirneighborsaremoresecurethanthosewhereeveryoneremainsastranger.Somemayarguethatanonlinecommunityismorecurrentandup-to-datesincetheInternetisthemostimportantmeansofcommunicationforthem.Inreality,weneedtorelyonthepowerofourneighborswhendealingwithcomplex

3、anddisturbingissueslikelocalpollutionoroverwhelmingnoises.Specifically,participatingincommunityactivitiesandgettingacquaintedwithneighborswouldbethefirststeptohelpbuildastrongerneighborhood.单词和词组goalongwaytowards,有助?Mutualrespectgoesalongwaytowardsbuildingtrustandfriendship.meansofcommunication交流手段句

4、型结构,since,因为，原因状语从句结构?Mostchildpsychologistsbelievethatwatchingtelevisionisnotgoodforchildrensincemanytelevisionprogramsareviolent.?SincetheycanbecheaplydistributedworldwideovertheInternetanddonotrequireshelfspace,e-bookshavethepotentialtosomedayreplaceprintedbooks.话题词汇人际交往能力interpersonalskill和十皆的人际

5、关系harmoniousinterpersonalrelationship保持紧密的联系maintainaclosecontactwith承担责任shoulder/undertakeone'sresponsibility提升自我upgradeoneself自我实现感asenseofself-fulfillment表示尊重showrespect适用考题?Peoplenowadaysarelessfriendlythanthoseinthepast.(2015.10.25/2013.7.14)?Peoplenowadaysdependlessontheirneighborsthanthos

6、einthepast.(2013.7.13)托福写作素材棋板：家长影响素材段落Childrenarepronetoobserveandfollowtheirparents'behaviors.Forexample,achildwhoseeshis/herfatherexercisingregularlywillprobablybeactiveasanadult.Otherpositivebehaviorsdemonstratedbyparentscouldaffecttheirchildreninvariousways,includingtheirdressingstyle,denta

7、lhygieneandtablemanners.Onthecontrary,childrenofsmokersaremorelikelytopickupthehabitofsmokingbecauseofparentalmodelingandbecausetheyhaveincreasedaccesstocigarettes.AccordingtoarecentsurveyconductedbytheKentuckyDepartmentforPublicHealth,achildofanalcoholicparentisfourtimesmorelikelytobecomeanalcoholi

8、cwhenhe/shebecomesanadult.Inthecasesabove,theinfluencesofparentalmodelingshouldneverbeunderestimatedwithregardstohowtheseactionsaffecttheirchildren.单词和词组affect影响=influence,impact?Thechildrenandspouseofasmokerwillbeadverselyaffectedbytheconstantsmokeintheirenvironment.underestimate低估=underrate?Childr

9、enalwayslooktotheirmotherforguidance,andthereforetheinfluencethatamotherhasoverachildcouldneverbeunderestimated.?Undernocircumstancesshouldweunderestimatetheimportanceofhelpingstudentsobtainathoroughunderstandingofwhathasbeenprintedintheirtextbooks.?反义词：overestimate话题词汇家族纽带familytie亲情familybond代沟gen

10、erationgap家庭观念familyvalue核心家庭nuclearfamily父母指导parentalguidance相互理解mutualunderstanding尊重父母respectone'sparents适用考题?Parentslearnmorefromtheirchildrenthanchildrenlearnfromtheirparents.(2013.11.9)?Teachershadagreaterinfluenceonyoungpeopleinthepastthantheydotoday.(2012.5.26)托福写作话题材料：政府类满分素材我们都知道阔怜的非洲人

11、民饱受贫穷的折磨。那到底穷成什么样子，生活在社会主义和谐小康社会里的我们实在掏空脑袋都不能想出什么实质性的表达，那么这一期，咱们就来聊聊关于穷的话题。要说一个国家穷还是富，很多童鞋应该不活楚要用什么样的标尺来形容。就说中国吧，说咱们国家富，好像不合适，说咱们国家穷吧，好像也不合适，这里原丝启先给大家脑补一个指数，HDI。那么这到底是啥，请看：NorwayhasthehigheststandardoflivingintheworldandNigerthelowest,accordingtotheUN'sHumanDevelopmentIndex.Theindextakesintoacco

12、untlifeexpectancyandeducationaswellasincomeperperson.SouthAfrica'sAIDSepidemichasleftitin120thplaceintherankings,despiteitsrelativelyhighincome.Thecountryhasfallen35placessince1990.原来所谓的HDI就指的是humandevelopmentindex，这个指数综合了一个国家人民的寿命，受教育程度以及人均收入这些因素。上图排在首位的是挪威，毋庸置疑人家的日子过得潇洒；咱们大中国排在了85位，仍需努力啊；排在最后的

13、是尼日尔，那么为什么这个国家这么悲催呢，请看报道：Nigerisonceagaininthegripofafoodcrisis,ifnotafull-blownfamine.Thedistresssalesoflivestock,theheavymigrationandthedeprivationthecountrysufferedintheearly1970shaveallrevisiteditagainthisyear.Nigeris,bythereckoningoftheUNsHumanDevelopmentIndex,thepoorestplaceonearth.Mostofitsin

14、habitantsekeoutalivinggrowingsubsistencecropsonsmallplotsofdusty,infertileland.Despitethisagriculturalbias,thedrought-strickencountrycannotfeeditself,eveningoodyears.Anestimated2.5mpeopleoutofatotalof17mhavenosecuresourceoffood.Whenharvestsfail,whichtheydoalmostannually,thatnumbershootsup.In2012,whe

15、ntheworstoftherecentfoodcrisesravagedtheSahelregion,almostaquarterofNiger'spopulationwassaidtobegoinghungry,promptingdesperatereliefcampaignsbyinternationaldonors.看完第一句话咱们就明白了，尼日尔在闹饥荒呀，inthegripof就是被控制的意思，尼日尔现在整个国家都在被饥荒虐了，家畜不好卖，大量的人口迁移。尼日尔的人民只能在灰常贫瘠的土地上种植口粮强维持生计。ekeoutaliving就是勉强度日的意思，用来形容保守贫穷折磨

16、的人们再合适不过了。在这个旱灾多发的国家，即使在goodyears丰年，人们也没有足够的食物。尼日尔17oo万人口中就有250万人没有固定的食物来源啊，也就是说这些人吃了上顿没有下顿。那么在灾年的时候，这个没饭吃的人就更多了。这可谓是饥饿肆虐。foodcrisesravagedtheSahelregion.ravage就是表达蹂蹄i,毁坏的意思，那我们这个用法就可以总结成：灾难+ravage+地区。下面我们接着看一下尼日尔的人民是处在怎样一个水深火热的情况中的：HAOWwAasalreadystrugglingtofeedfivechildrenbeforeshegavebirthtotrip

17、letsintheGabiregionofsouthernNiger19monthsago.Now,whenherbabiesscreamforfoodsheoftenfindsherselfhelpless.“IftheycryandIhavenothingtogivethem,thenImustletthemcry,”shesays,cradlingtwoinfantswhobearthehallmarksofmalnutrition.Theirhairisyellowing,theirbelliesaredistendedandtheirexpressionsglazed.Theylac

18、ktheenergytoshakethefliesfromtheirfaces.ItisadismalbutdepressinglycommonpictureinwestAfrica'slargestcountry.看完这段话第一个赶脚就是当地的孩子太苦逼了，营养不良，肚子肿胀，双眼无神，饿到连把脸上的苍蝇赶走的力气都没有了。但是话说食物这么少，为什么妈妈还要生那么多孩子呢。文章中说这位妈妈本来养活五个孩子就已经很勉强了，然后这位妈妈乂生了三个孩子，这不就是addsaltontheinjuries,雪上加霜嘛，我们继续看：Thisperpetualfoodcrisisiscompoun

19、dedbydoggedlyhighfertilityrates.Withanaverageof7.6childrenperwoman,Nigerhastheworld'shighestrates.Poverty,ignoranceandpooraccesstocontraceptionarecontributingfactors,asareculturalissueslikecompetitionbetweenwives.MeninNigertendtobepolygamous,andlocaldoctorsnotethattheirspousesoftentrytoprovethei

20、rvaluebyoutdoingeachotherinchildbirths.ThiscontributestoNigerhavingthehighestpopulationgrowthrateonearth.Atcurrentprojections,thenumberofinhabitantswillmorethantriplebetweennowand2050to55m.尼日尔居高不下的人口出生率也是导致漫长饥荒的重要因素。doggedly表示顽强地，那么doggedlyhigh就是指居高不下的。尼日尔平均每个女人生7.6个孩子，这是世界上最高的人口出生率。贫穷加上对避孕的无知已经缺少避孕

21、的途径导致了尼日尔的人口出生率极其地高。然而另一个文化层面的因素我们也不能或略，就是妻子之间的竞争。尼日尔是一夫多妻制。也就是多个女人天天围着同一个男人转。那么如何使自己在丈夫的其他老婆中胜出呢，这么女人们就靠多生孩子来证明自己的价值，按照这个速度发展，到2050年尼日尔的人口就会增长到5500万。一幅肉少狼多的画面，有木有太美不忍直视了都。说了这么多，那么这些信息我们要如何与托福写作结合起来了？相信很多杀托族们都知道独立写作有一类出现频率很高的题目，那就是关于government该做什么或者做什么比较好的题目，请看能够高度总结这类题目的一道题:Isitmoreimportantforgove

22、rnmenttoprovidemoneyforthethingsthatarebeautifulthanthingsthatarepractical.，题目中出现的两个比较的对象是beautifulthings和practicalthings,这是十分抽象的两个概念，需要我们将抽象具体化。我们都知道beautifulthings就是漂亮的事物，就是为了迎合人们内心的美感，说白了就是供人欣赏，那么什么人才会闲着没事去欣赏某种食物呢，肯定不是我们之前提的这些饿着肚子的尼日尔人民呀，人饿着肚子的时候头晕眼花四肢无力，哪来什么闲情逸致来欣赏beautifulthings呢，于是乎，对于像尼日尔这样的额

23、国家来说，政府更加应该做的就是做一些实事来缓解人民疾苦呀，结合上面的素材，我们来敲一下这个段子：Whenwethinkaboutthosepoverty-strickencountries,aimageofpeoplelivinginadestituteanddismallifefloodsintoourmind.Therearemyriadsofexamplesavailablegloballywhichcanshedlightonthefactthatthemiserablelifemakespeoplesufferdeeply.Nigeris,bythereckoningoftheUN&

24、#39;sHumanDevelopmentIndex,thepoorestplaceonearth,onceagaininthegripofafoodcrisis.Mostofitsinhabitantsekeoutalivinggrowingsubsistencecropsonsmallplotsofdustyandinfertileland,asaresultofwhich,thedrought-riddencountrycannotfeeditselfeveningoodyears,precipitatingthefaminetocyclopeandimensions.Moreover,

25、thisperpetualfoodcrisisisalsocompoundedbydoggedlyhighfertilityratesowingtothelocalculturalissuemakingwomenendeavortoprovethemselvesbyoutdoingeachotherinchildbirths.Thisgloomylivingsituationcanbebestportrayedbythedepressinglycommonpicture.Theinfants,alltoooften,bearthehallmarksofmalnutrition.Theirhai

26、risyellowing;theirbelliesaredistended;theirexpressionsareglazedandtheyevenlacktheenergytoshakethefliesfromtheirfaces.Asaresult,theirdeathisbrewing.Undersuchcircumstances,innowayshouldthelocalgovernmentcloseitseyestothepliantofitspeopleinsomuchasnothingcanbeachievedunlessthegovernmentrelievethesparse

27、foodsupplies.Itisasurebetthatthereisnobetterwaytoaugmentpeople'slivingconditionforthosebackwardcountriesthantobeboundupinpracticalthings.托福写作话题材料：政府类满分素材重要表达inthegripof受控制ekeoutaliving勉强维持生计foodcrisis粮食危机bearthehallmark呈现特征becompoundedby雪上加霜polygamous一夫多妻的poverty-stricken贫困的destitute贫困的myriadsof

28、大量的drought-ridden受十旱困扰closeitseyesto置之不理托福写作素材模板：团队合作和解决问题素材段落Teamworkhasplayedapivotalroleinsolvingproblemsforcompanies.Acaseinpointisthenewflagshipracingcar'LaFerrari.'Initsearlierstageofdesign,thenewcarwascriticizedbyprofessionalsbecauseitssuspensionsystemwastoosensitiveandwasnotasstablea

29、sitscounterparts.Inordertomake'LaFerrari'morecompetitiveinthemarketplace,approximatelytwohundredtechnicians,workingoveraperiodoftwoyears,convergedtheirdifferentfieldsofknowledgetocomeupwithasolutiontotheproblem.Inthiscase,suchaproblemcouldnothavebeensolvedwithoutthecombinedeffortsofeachtechn

30、ician.AsoneoftheinterviewswiththedesignerteamofLaFerrarirevealed,techniciansheldmorethan500groupdiscussionsonhowtomodifythechassisstructureinordertomakethesuspensionsystemmorestable.Asaresultofthisteamwork,theperformanceofthenewracingcarhasbeengreatlyimprovedaswasindicatedbythefactthatitssalesratetr

31、ipledinthefollowingyear.单词和词组pivotal关键的、重要的=crucial,fundamental,decisive?Therichnessofcitylife,coupledwithitsarrayofopportunitiesandeaseofmobility,hiscase在这个案例中=inthissituation/scenario句型结构Acaseinpointis,一个恰当的例子是Manyintelligentanimals

32、canbetrainedtounderstandhumanspeech.Acaseinpointisapetdogthatcanbetrainedtounderstandmanycommands.话题词汇繁重的工作burdensome/demanding/laboriouswork竞争激烈的领域highlycompetitivefield得出实用的解决方案comeupwithapracticalsolution勇于面对困境faceuptoadifficultsituation战胜困难overcome/triumphoverdifficulties减少失误minimizemistakes从错误中

33、吸取教训learnfromone'smistakes达至U自己的目标attainone'sgoal托福写作素材模板：多重任务执行素材段落Inevitably,multitaskingisbecomingamustfortoday'sworkforceduetotheacceleratingspeedoflife.Someemployeesmustdealwithhundredsofemailsandinterofficecommunicationseveryday.Becauseofthis,employeesmustlearnmultitaskinginorderto

34、usetimewithhigherefficiency.Insteadofspreadingone'sattentiononvariousandcountlessassignments,multitaskingallowsonetoswitchthefocusfromonetasktoanotherinarelativelyshorttime.Forexample,theabilitytoscheduleameetingwhilewaitingforanemployee"sresponseisafundamentalskillforanymanager.Thosewithou

35、ttheabilitytomultitaskwillbeburiedbyendlessphonecalls,emailsandpaperwork.单词和词组accelerating加速的?Theacceleratingpaceofurbanlifediminishesanindividual'sleisuretimeandcausespsychologicalstrain.relatively相对地=comparatively?Profitsfromsmallenterpriseswouldfurtherenrichthelocalcommunityandturntherelative

36、lypoorfarmlandintoatrulyprofitabledevelopmentzone.句型结构Inevitably,最终地、不可避免地?Inevitably,people'sbehaviorreflectstheirnature.?Inevitably,wewillencountervariouschallengesthatwecannothandlebyourselves.话题词汇长远目标long-termgoal短期目标short-termgoal业绩评估performanceassessment职业前景careerprospect能胜任的competent努力做事s

37、triveto投入的工作becommittedto/bedevotedtoone'swork适应新环境adjusttoanewenvironment托福写作素材模板：因特网的兴起素材段落TheInternethasmadeitpossibleforindividualstogetconnectedtoinformationwhenevertheyneedit.Atthetouchofabutton,touristscanlearnalmostanythingtheywanttoknowaboutacitytheyarevisiting.Localresidentsalsobenefit

38、astheycanlocatefacilitates,suchasthenearesthospitalorcommunitycenter,inamatterofseconds.However,alltheconveniencesmentionedabovewerenotpossiblebeforetheInternetbecamepartofourdailylives.WithouttheInternet,travelerswouldhavetocarrywiththemaheavytravelguideandlocalresidentswouldfrequentlyaskneighborsa

39、boutcommunityserviceinformationinperson.Asaconsequence,theInternetplaysanimportantroleinourlivesbybringingaddedconvenienceaswellasimprovingourqualityoflifetoalargeextent.单词和词组benefit受益=bebenefitedfrom?readingbooksbenefitsstudents=studentsarebenefitedfromreadingbooksplayanimportantrolein发挥重要作用=playad

40、eterminingpartin?History,offeringastorehouseofinformationabouthowpeopleandsocietiesbehave,isplayinganimportantroleinshapingchildren'svaluesandbeliefs.句型结构Asaconsequence,所以，表示“结果”,等同于Consequently,?Childrenfinditeasiertocommunicatewiththeirgenerationthanwiththeirparents.Asaconsequence/Consequently

41、,theylearnmorefromtheirpeersthanfromtheirparents.话题词汇改变revolutionize/transform跟上步伐keeppacewith尖端技术cutting-edge/highly-sophisticatedtechnology节省劳动力的技术labor-savingtechnology数字时代digitalera电子商务e-business/e-commerce信息技术informationtechnology(IT)人工智能artificialintelligence(AI)互联网用户Internetuser浏览网页browseaweb

42、page/website个人信息泄露expose/releasepersonalinformation数字鸿沟digitaldivide/gap适用考题?TheInternetisasimportantasotherservices,suchasbuildingroads,sothegovernmentshouldmaketheInternetaccessibletoallthecitizensatnocost.(2015.4.12)?SomepeoplesaythattheInternetprovidespeoplewithalotofvaluableinformation.Othersth

43、inkthataccessingtoomuchinformationcancreateproblems.Whatisyouropinion?(TPO11)托福写作素材棋板：作为公共大学的图书馆素材段落Inatimewheneducationisincreasinglyexpensive,publiclibraries,oftencalled'thepeople'suniversity',provideinformationandeducationalopportunitiesatnocostforallpeople,regardlessoftheirage,skilll

44、evelorsocio-economicstatus.TheAmericanLibraryAssociation's'Let'sTalkaboutIt'programisawonderfulexampleofascholar-facilitatedlearningopportunityinpubliclibraries.Inthisprogram,somenationallyknownscholarsselectacommonseriesofbooksandhelpthepublicexplorethethemeofthesebooksthroughthelen

45、sofhumanity,particularlytheirrelationstootherworksofliteratureandphilosophicalthoughts.Inaddition,itispubliclibrariesthatpresentclassesanddiscussionprograms,andwiththehelpofnewmedia,somelibrariesevenprovideonlinecontinuingeducationcoursestothepublic.单词和词组regardlessof不管=despite?Ittakesextremelyhardwo

46、rkforathletestomakeittothetopoftheirprofessions,regardlessoftheirageandgender.relationto与,的关系=connectionto?Ondsrelationtotheirextendedfamilyisnotasimportantasitwasbeforeduetotheunprecedentedadvancementofmodernsociety.句型结构Itis,that,正是，强调句型结构?Itisfrompapertextbooksthatstudentsmasterknowledgeandcompreh

47、endtheconceptofcommonsense.话题词汇交流技能communicationskills丰富知识enrichknowledge展示能力demonstrateone'sability独立思考thinkindependently建立自信buildupself-confidence实现潜在能力achieve/fulfillpotentials提高社会raisesocialawareness职业准备careerpreparation适用考题?Itwaseasiertobesuccessfulinthepastthanitistoday.(2011.5.29)托福写作素材棋板

48、：孩子打电子游戏素材段落Videogamesgivechildren'sbrainarealworkoutbecausetheskillsrequiredtowinmostgamesinvolveabstractandhigh-levelthinking,includingplanningandresourcemanagementskillsandhand-eyecoordinationskills.Inotherwords,childrencoulddevelopthesetwocrucialskillswhenplayingvideogames.Firstly,inmanyvide

49、ogames,childrenneedtoplanandmanagelimitedresourcesanddecidethebestwaytousethem.SuchaskillisparticularlyhonedinstrategygamessuchasSimCity.Inthisgame,achild,actingasmayorofthecity,needstoallocatedifferentresourcestoconstructroadsandprovideutilitiestoeachresident,withthepurposeofcitydevelopmentandpopul

50、ationexpansion.Indeed,SimCityhasinspiredmanyofitsplayerstotakeacareerinurbanplanningandarchitecture.Secondly,hand-eyecoordinationskillswouldbesignificantlyenhancedwhenchildrenareplayingsomeoftheshootinggames.Inmostshootinggames,playersarerequiredtokeeptrackofthepositionofthecharacterswhoarerunningan

51、dshootingatthesametime.Inordertowinthegame,theyneedtocoordinatetheirbrains'reactionswiththemovementoftheirhandsandfingertips,whichcansubstantiallydeveloptheirhand-eyecoordinationskills.单词和词组crucial至关重要的、关键的=critical,pivotal,keycrucialelementsleadingtopersonalsuccess?playacrucialroleinhone磨砺、锤炼=c

52、ultivate,develop?honeone'slanguageskills?honeone'stimemanagementskills?honeone'scommunicationskillsberequiredto要求做某事=besupposed/suggestedto?Highschoolstudentsarerequiredtowearschooluniformswhentheyareinschool.适用考题?Educatingchildrenisamoredifficulttasktodaybecausetheypaytoomuchattentionto

53、cellphones,onlinegamesandsocialnetworkingwebsites.(2011.9.24/TPO34)?Playingcomputergamesisawasteoftime.Childrenshouldnotbeallowedtoplaythem.(TPO10)托福写作素材棋板：马斯洛需求层次理论素材段落ConsumermotivationisassociatedwithMaslow'sHierarchyofNeedsTheory.Accordingtohistheory,motivationalforceshavedifferentlevelsofim

54、portance.Themostcommonneedsarephysiologicalneeds(includingfoodandshelter)andsafetyneeds,bothofwhicharetightlyconnectedtobasicsurvival.Higher-levelneedsincludesocialneeds(includingrelationshipsandlove),esteemneeds(includingrecognitionandstatus)andself-actualizationneeds(alsoknownastheneedstofulfillon

55、eself).InMaslow'sview,individualsmustmeettheirlower-levelneedsbeforebeingmotivatedtofulfilltheirhigher-levelneeds.单词和词组beassociatedwith与，相联系=beconnectedto?Criteriaforthejudgmentofpurchasingdifferentproductsmaybeassociatedwithanumberofelements,particularlypersonalpreferencesandspecificfunctions.f

56、ulfill实现、满足=accomplish?fulfillaworkprogram?fulfillone'sresponsibility句型结构,bothofwhich,这两者都，非限定性定语从句结构Chessencouragespersonalityandmentaldevelopment,bothofwhichareveryimportantinachild'searlyyears.适用考题?Peopleoftenbuyproductsnotbecausetheyreallyneedthem,butbecauseotherpeoplehavethem.(2014.11.2

57、/2013.5.11)?Themainpurposeforpeopletohavejobsistoearnmoneyratherthangainpublicrecognition.(2012.5.20)?Peopletodayspendtoomuchtimeonpersonalenjoyment.Theydothingstheyliketodoratherthandothethingstheyshouldbedoing.(TPO5)托福写作素材棋板：孩子看电视素材段落Sometelevisionprogramsareeducational,informativeandinspiring,and

58、areoftenmoreeffectivethanbooksinbringingchildrenawidescopeofknowledge.Commoquestions,suchashowatreegrows,whyitsnowsinthewinterandwhattheGreatWallis,canbeansweredintelevisionshows.Whatchildrenlearnfromtelevisioncanbeavitalcomplementtotheirschoollearning.Whenchildrenwhofrequentlywatcheducationalprogra

59、msontelevisiontakeelementaryschoolclasses,theyaremorelikelytoreceivehighergradesandvaluetheirstudiesmorethantheirfellowstudents.Also,accordingtoalateststudyconductedbyagroupofscientistsfromtheUniversityofSienainItaly,televisionprograms,particularlycartoonsandcomedies,areeffectivesourcesofrelieftochildrenwhoareunderintensepressureorinseverepain.单词和词组awidescopeof广泛的=awiderangeo