数字口译练习

1、Figures interpretingcardinal numbers ，ordinal number ，fraction，decimals ，percentage，rates and ratios， indefinite numbers. cardinal numbers cardinal numbers 基数基数 汉语：4段位体系 第一段位: 个十百 千 第二段位: 万十 万百 万千 万 第三段位: 亿十 亿百 亿千 亿 第四段位: 万亿（兆）十 兆百 兆千 兆 万，亿，万亿万，亿，万亿英语：英语：3 3段位体系段位体系One One Ten Ten One hundredOne hun

2、dred1 thousand1 thousand10 th.10 th.100 th.100 th.1 million1 million10 m.10 m. 100 m.100 m.1 billion1 billion10 b.10 b. 100 b.100 b.1 trillion1 trillion10 tr. 10 tr. 100 tr.100 tr.Pithy formula: Pithy formula: thousand, million, billion, trillionthousand, million, billion, trillionWrite cardinals基数的

3、记录基数的记录 Practice Practice ( ( 标注并读数）标注并读数）362584769992886623421399154377192431128566421基数的口译方法：基数的口译方法： A. A. 公式法（适用于整数）公式法（适用于整数） B. B. 点三杠四，缺位补零法点三杠四，缺位补零法A. 公式法公式法 一万一万 十万十万 百万百万 千万千万一亿一亿十亿十亿百亿百亿千亿千亿万亿万亿（1）汉译英）汉译英A. 公式法公式法 一万一万10 thousand 10 thousand 十万十万100 100 thousand thousand 百万百万1 million 1

4、million 千万千万10 million 10 million 一亿一亿100 million 十亿十亿1 billion 百亿百亿10 billion 千亿千亿100 billion 万亿万亿1 trillion （1）汉译英）汉译英 10 thousand= 100 thousand= 10 million= 100 million= 10 billion= 100 billion= 1 trillion=(2) 英译汉英译汉 10 thousand= 1万 100 thousand=十万 10 million=千万 100 million=亿 10 billion=百亿 100 bi

5、llion= 千亿 1 trillion=万亿(2) 英译汉英译汉 数字的记录 Thousand 可写为k Million 可写为mn Billion 可写为bn 汉语可直接写阿拉伯数字，每四位划道斜线，英语每三位写个逗号点三杠四，缺位补零法点三杠四，缺位补零法 l英汉数字记录和口译中英译汉最常用的是“点线”法，听到million, billion, thousand即写逗号，写完后从右到左每四位写道横线即可l如：thirty two billion four hundred fifty seven million eight hundred twenty six thousand nine

6、hundred and thirty-seven可记为32，457，826，937，然后划线324/5782/6937,更直观的是l32，4/57，82/6，937 汉译英最常用的是“线-点” 法，听到亿，万时划/ 记录完毕后从右到左每三位划逗号 如：六亿四千六百二十三万零九百四十五可记为6/4623/0945,加逗号为6/46，23/0，945 decimals小数的译法和读法小数的译法和读法 数字记录和口译时，通常可以采用只译最高段位再移动小数点的方法 如123亿9千万 12.39billion 此形式译成外语很方便，“回译”成汉语也没太大困难。外译汉（如英文）时，译员应在听到billio

7、n、million、thousand等位时，便立即打上一处逗号。例： thirty two billion four hundred fifty seven million eight hundred twenty six thousand nine hundred and thirty-seven 32,457,826,937在预备译出时依然从右到左，按汉语数字进位规律每四位数打上斜线：32,4/57,82/6,937，译员只需照着斜线所提示的汉语数字表达习惯读出即可。 英译时，从右向左，逆着原记录顺序每三位打一个逗号（分节号），便可将这些数字切分成印欧语系诸语言的进位单位了。用此方法，需要

8、牢记分节号左位数的单位。从右向左：第一个分节号左位是“千”位，第二个分节号左位是“百万”位，第三个分节号左位是“十亿”位。例1：1/30,02/0,858 130M 20Th 8Hu &58例2：10,1/74,89/0,540 10B 174M 890Th 5Hu &40indefinite numbersindefinite numbers模糊数字的口译模糊数字的口译几个几个 some; a few; several; a number ofsome; a few; several; a number of两三个两三个 two or threetwo or three五六个

9、五六个five or six five or six 十几个十几个more than ten; over a dozen; less/ no more than ten; over a dozen; less/ no more than twentymore than twenty三十来个三十来个about/around thirtyabout/around thirty几十个几十个dozens ofdozens of 几十年几十年decadesdecades十几岁十几岁in onein ones teens s teens 四十出头四十出头a little/ a bit over forty

10、a little/ a bit over forty五十岁左右五十岁左右more or less fifty (ys old); about fiftymore or less fifty (ys old); about fifty近八十岁了近八十岁了 nearly /almost eighty (ys old)nearly /almost eighty (ys old)九十好几了九十好几了 well over ninety (ys old)well over ninety (ys old)五点左右五点左右around 5 oaround 5 oclockclock三天左右三天左右three

11、days or sothree days or so 大约大约150150米处米处 somewhere about 150 meterssomewhere about 150 meters好几百好几百hundreds ofhundreds of 成千上万成千上万thousands ofthousands of几十万几十万hundreds of thousands ofhundreds of thousands of 几百万几百万millions ofmillions of数亿数亿hundreds of millions ofhundreds of millions of（1）表示向上的趋势）表

12、示向上的趋势 上升上升to riseto rise a rise a rise 增加增加to increase to increase an increasean increase 提高提高to climb to climb a climba climb 暴涨暴涨to jump to jump a jumpa jump 高得多高得多a great deal (far/much/dramatically) a great deal (far/much/dramatically) higherhigher 增加增加 ： increase, rise, grow, climb, go upincre

13、ase, rise, grow, climb, go up 增加到：增加到：expand to, increase to, go up to, climb to, expand to, increase to, go up to, climb to, be up to, rise to, add tobe up to, rise to, add to 增加了：增加了：go up by; increase bygo up by; increase by 爬升：爬升： pick up, climbpick up, climb 飙升：飙升： surge up, hike sth. up, jump

14、up, shoot up, surge up, hike sth. up, jump up, shoot up, soar, zoom up, skyrocket soar, zoom up, skyrocket（2）表示向下趋势下降下降 to fallto falla falla fall下跌下跌 to drop to drop a dropa drop下降，下滑下降，下滑to decline to decline a declinea decline减少减少to decrease to decrease a decreasea decrease暴跌，跳水暴跌，跳水a sharp dropa

15、 sharp drop略微低于略微低于fractionally (marginally) lowerfractionally (marginally) lower稍微低于稍微低于somewhat lowersomewhat lower稍低于稍低于slightly (a little) lowerslightly (a little) lower远低于远低于considerably (substantially) lowerconsiderably (substantially) lower下降（下降（ ）：）： decrease, decline, drop, fall, go down, d

16、ecrease, decline, drop, fall, go down, reducereduce猛跌（猛跌（ ）：）：plunge, be slashed, tumble, drop sharplyplunge, be slashed, tumble, drop sharply稍降（稍降（ ）：）：be trimmed, dip, slipbe trimmed, dip, slip 略高/低于（）：fractionally/marginally/ ome what higher/lower 稍高/低于（ ）：slightly/a little lower 远高/低于（）：consider

17、ably/substantially higher/lower dramatically sharp substantially considerably far much a little slightly somewhat marginally（3）表示波动或平衡的词语 达到平衡to level out/off 保持平衡to remain stable 波动to fluctuate 保持在to stand/remain at 达到高峰to reach a peak 超过（）: outstrip, outpace, surpass, exceed, be more than, be over

18、（4）表示倍数、百分比“翻两番”表达的意思是“四倍” 到2020年实现国内生产总值比2000年翻两番，达到40000亿美元左右。一成即10%，60%即六成。“2成3”表达的意思是“23%”，例如： 今年的粮食产量比去年增长2成3。 地球的大小是月球的地球的大小是月球的4949倍。倍。 The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.The earth is 49 times the size of the moon. 3030年内，全世界的城市居民将是农村人口的两倍。年内，全世界的城市居民将是农村人口的两倍。 Within 30 years, there

19、will be twice as many Within 30 years, there will be twice as many urban people as countryside people in the urban people as countryside people in the world.world. 自本世纪中叶以来，全球经济增长了将近四倍，自本世纪中叶以来，全球经济增长了将近四倍，人口翻了一番。结果，粮食的需求增加了近两倍，人口翻了一番。结果，粮食的需求增加了近两倍，石油燃料增加了近三倍。石油燃料增加了近三倍。 Since mid-century, the glob

20、al economy has Since mid-century, the global economy has nearly nearly quintupledquintupled, while the population has , while the population has doubleddoubled, demand for grain has nearly , demand for grain has nearly tripled,tripled, and the burning of fossil fuels has increased and the burning of fossil fuels has increased nearly nearly fourfold.fourfold.（5）数值）数值 达到：达到：reach, amount to, stand at, come to, be up to, reach, amount to, stand at, come to, be up to, arrive at, hitarrive at, hit 总计：总计：total, add up to, amount tototal, add up to, amount to 占：占： acco