过去分词做状语要点

1、The past participleused as adverbialBy SissiHe drove his car carefully.The teacher stood there surrounded by the students.Seeing his mother,the baby burst into tears.状状 语？语？状语是用来修饰动词，副词，形容词或整个句子的，状语是用来修饰动词，副词，形容词或整个句子的，说明地点说明地点、时间时间、原因原因、目的目的、结果结果、条件条件、让步让步、程度程度、方式方式、伴随等情况。伴随等情况。可以充当状语的有：可以充当状语的有：副词

2、、分词副词、分词(短语短语)、形容词短语、形容词短语、名词短语或从句。名词短语或从句。过去分词过去分词(短语短语)作状语作状语过去分词短语作状语，可表过去分词短语作状语，可表示原因、时间、条件、伴随示原因、时间、条件、伴随等，分别相当于一个状语从等，分别相当于一个状语从句。与主句主语是句。与主句主语是 关系，关系，表示表示 或或 的动作的动作。被动被动完成完成被动被动过去分词过去分词(短语短语)作状语相当于状语从句。作状语相当于状语从句。1. Asked why he didnt do it, he began to cry.过去分词作过去分词作时间状语时间状语相当于时间状语从句相当于时间状语

3、从句(When he was) asked why he didnt do it, he began to cry.2. Given more time, Ill catch up with you.过去分词作过去分词作条件状语条件状语相当于条件状语从句相当于条件状语从句(If I am) given more time, Ill catch up with you.3. Born and brought up in the village, he knows a lot of people there.过去分词作过去分词作原因状语原因状语相当于原因状语从句相当于原因状语从句(Because

4、he was) born and brought up in the village, he knows a lot of people there.4. Defeated many times, they continued to fight.过去分词作过去分词作让步状语让步状语相当于让步状语从句相当于让步状语从句(Although they had been) defeated many times, they continued to fight.5. The teacher entered the classroom, followed by a group of students.表

5、示方式和伴随情况表示方式和伴随情况时可以转换为一个并列的谓语时可以转换为一个并列的谓语成分。成分。The teacher entered the classroom (and he was followed) by a group of student.Rewrite the sentences, using the past participle as the adverbial.1. Because it was done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes. _, his homework was full of mistakes.

6、2. If it is taken according to the instructions, the medicine has no side effect. _, the medicine has no side effect.Done in a hurryTaken according to the instructions3. Though he was defeated by the young player for the second time, he didnt lose heart. _, he didnt lose heart. 4. Because he was bor

7、n in a poor family, he had little schooling. _, he had little schooling.Defeated by the young player for the second timeBorn in a poor family一一.过去分词过去分词(短语短语)作状语时作状语时, 为了使意义更加明确为了使意义更加明确,也可以也可以在在pp.前加上对应的连词前加上对应的连词when, as, if 等等等等.4. Although defeated many times, they continue to fight.3. As / Beca

8、use born and brought up in the village, he knows a lot of people there.2. If given more time, Ill catch up with you.1. When asked why he didnt do it, he began to cry.注意：带有连词的过去分词结构相当于一个省略句注意：带有连词的过去分词结构相当于一个省略句,省略的部分为省略的部分为 的相应变化形式的相应变化形式.主语主语+be要点归纳要点归纳=When he was asked1. When heated, ice will be

9、changed into water. _, ice will be changed into water.2. Unless invited, I wont attend his wedding. _, I wont attend his wedding.3. Once caught smoking in the kitchen, the cook will be fired . _ in the kitchen, he will be fired.Rewrite the sentences, using the adverbial clauses.When it is heatedUnle

10、ss I am invitedOnce the cook is caught smoking 二二.有些过去分词（短语）有些过去分词（短语）已经形容词化，作状语已经形容词化，作状语时时不表动作而表状态不表动作而表状态，常见的有，常见的有:dressed in 穿着穿着 lost/absorbed in 沉浸在沉浸在 devoted to 致力于致力于 supposed to 应该应该 located/situated in 位于位于 buried in 专心于专心于 compared with/to seated prepared for determined to do tired of 厌

11、烦厌烦 hidden born in occupied in忙于忙于1.Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.2. Well-known for their expertise, his parents company.3. Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.1._, he didnt hear the sound.陷入沉思中，他并没有听到那个声音。2._, he started to read a novel.厌倦了那个冗长的演讲，他开始

12、读起小说来。3._, the girl looked like an angel.穿着白色的衣服，这个女孩看起来像个天使。Lost in deep thoughtTired of the long speechDressed in whiteTranslate .三.独立主格结构 独立主格结构主要有两部分构成：独立主格结构主要有两部分构成：逻辑主语逻辑主语和逻辑谓语和逻辑谓语。 作为逻辑主语作为逻辑主语 ；现在分；现在分词、过去分词、动词不定式、形容词、副词、词、过去分词、动词不定式、形容词、副词、或介词短语等作为逻辑谓语。或介词短语等作为逻辑谓语。名词或代词名词或代词Her glasses

13、broken, she couldnt see the words on the blackboard.2.Too much time given, he would do it better. 1.All things _ ，the plan trip will have to be called off Abe considered Bconsidered Cconsidering Dhaving considering 2._, the bus started at once. A. The signal was given B. The signal giving C. The sig

14、nal given D. When the signal given 1.Used for a long time, the book looks old. Using the book, I find it useful.2. Seen from the hill, our school is beautiful. Seeing the beautiful school, we are happy.3.He came into the classroom, followed by some students. He came into the classroom, following som

15、e students.四四.现在分词与过去分词作状语时的区别现在分词与过去分词作状语时的区别现在分词与过去分词作状语时的区别现在分词与过去分词作状语时的区别:1._London (夜里参观伦敦夜里参观伦敦)at night, you are a bit like in a dream._ (当有人夜里来访当有人夜里来访)at night , you must make sure the visitor really your friend.When visitingWhen visited过去分词过去分词(短语短语)与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表被动；现

16、在分词动宾关系，即表被动；现在分词(短语短语)与句子的与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表主动。主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表主动。2._ (写完了所有写完了所有的信之后的信之后)，I had a drink and went out.Having finished all my letters _ (信写完之后信写完之后)，the letter should be read to the one who asks you to write it.Finished 3._the top of the hill, we can see a beautiful park._the top

17、 of the hill, the park is beautiful.Seeing fromSeen from分词作状语记忆口诀：分词作状语记忆口诀：分词作状语，主语是问题。分词作状语，主语是问题。逗号前后两动作，共用一主语。逗号前后两动作，共用一主语。主语找出后，再来判关系。主动用主语找出后，再来判关系。主动用-ing,被动用被动用-ed.having done 表先后，千万要牢记。表先后，千万要牢记。Practice1. _by his teacher, he has made great progress in his lessons.A.Helped B.To help C. Hel

18、pingD. Help2. The computer center, _last year, is very popular among the students in this school.A. open B. opening C. having openedD. opened 3. The visitor expressed his satisfaction ,_that he had enjoyed his stay here.A. having added B. to add C. addingD. added4. _his telephone number, she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill.A. Not knowing B. Knowing notC. Not having knownD. Having not known5. Though _money, his parents managed to send him to university.A. lackedB. lacking ofC. la