语法复习-动词-ing形式作主语和宾语ppt课件

1、语法复习-动词-ing方式作主语和宾语必修四 UNIT 21. 动词动词-ing方式是在动词末尾方式是在动词末尾加加 -ing ，属于非谓语动词。，属于非谓语动词。如：如：do-doing, write- writing , sit-sitting , etc.否认方式：否认方式：not+ v-ing 构成构成2. 动词动词-ing方式作主语或宾语方式作主语或宾语时，也可称为动名词。时，也可称为动名词。1 A. Listening to music is one of my favorite hobbies.B. As we all know, smoking does harm to one

2、s health.动词-ing方式作主语表示普通或笼统的多次性行为。动词动词-ing方式作主语方式作主语 谓语动词用谓语动词用单数。如：单数。如：Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language. Going to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit.2 A. Its no use talking to him; he wont change his mind.B. It is simply a waste of tim

3、e discussing such matters with him.在句型Its + no good (no use, useless,a waste of time, nice .) + doing sth.中，it是方式主语，后面的动词-ing短语作真正的主语。 1 Is it worthwhile quarrelling with her?2Its no good waiting here. Lets go home. 3It was a waste of time reading that book.3A. Joan suggested asking her father for h

4、is opinion. B. We are considering flying to Egypt for the coming holiday.v我们可以归纳总结出动词-ing方式作宾语的用法特征：v 有些动词后常跟动词-ing方式作宾语，如第三组例句中的suggest和consider。常见的这类动词还有： 常跟动词常跟动词ing作宾语的动词歌诀作宾语的动词歌诀:思索建议思索建议盼原谅，盼原谅，成认推迟成认推迟没得想，没得想，防止错过防止错过继续练，继续练，consider, suggest / advise ,look forward to ,excuse ,pardon admit,

5、delay / put off , fancy avoid , miss ,keep /keep on , practise 否认完成否认完成停能赏，停能赏，不由介意不由介意准逃亡，准逃亡，不准冒险不准冒险凭想象。凭想象。deny , finish , stop ,enjoy / appreciate cant help , mind , allow/ permit ,escape forbid , risk , imagine 2. 有些短语如有些短语如cant help, be used to, end up, feel like, lead to, be busy, be tired o

6、f, be fond of, be afraid of, be proud of, think of / about, put off, keep on, insist on, be good at, give up等后常接名词、代词或动词等后常接名词、代词或动词-ing方式作宾语。如：方式作宾语。如：Im fond of collecting stamps and coins. v4 A. He made a poor living by selling newspapers on the train.vB. The man left the party without saying goo

7、dbye to the host.动词-ing方式还可作介词的宾语 5 “There is + no后可以用动词后可以用动词-ing方式作主语，表示方式作主语，表示“没法没法。如：。如：There was no telling when this might happen again. 没法预料这没法预料这样的事什么时候会再发生。样的事什么时候会再发生。There was no knowing what he could do. 他能做什么很难说。他能做什么很难说。留意留意 动词动词-ing方式的复合构造是指在动词方式的复合构造是指在动词-ing方式前面加上逻辑主语来强调方式前面加上逻辑主语来

8、强调动作的执行者，该逻辑主语常为描动作的执行者，该逻辑主语常为描画词性物主代词或名词一切格；当画词性物主代词或名词一切格；当逻辑主语不出如今句首时，可用人逻辑主语不出如今句首时，可用人称代词的宾格替代描画词性物主代称代词的宾格替代描画词性物主代词或用名词普通格替代名词的一切词或用名词普通格替代名词的一切格。如：格。如：Im annoyed about Johns forgetting to pay.2. 动词动词-ing方式的否认方式是在其前面方式的否认方式是在其前面加加not，带有逻辑主语时，带有逻辑主语时not应在动词应在动词-ing方式之前。如：方式之前。如：Not cleaning h

9、er teeth made her smell bad.Your schoolmates not coming home in time made her parents worried.需求留意的问题：需求留意的问题：以下的动词后面加动词的不定式作宾以下的动词后面加动词的不定式作宾语：语：decide , hope, expect , seem, agree, afford, arrange, choose, offer, plan, promise, determine, demand, manage, fail, prepare, refuse, pretend, 常跟不定式作宾语的动词

10、歌诀：常跟不定式作宾语的动词歌诀：三个希望两答应，三个希望两答应，两个要求莫回绝两个要求莫回绝,设法学会做决议设法学会做决议,不要伪装在选择。不要伪装在选择。hope; wish; want ; agree; promisedemand; ask; refusemanage; learn; decide pretend ; choose 想要回绝命令，想要回绝命令，需求努力学习需求努力学习,期望赞同协助，期望赞同协助，希望决议开场。希望决议开场。want ; refuse ; order need; try ; learn expect ; agree ; help hope ; wish ;

11、 decide ; begin ;start 以下的动词后面既可接动词的不定式以下的动词后面既可接动词的不定式又可以接动词的又可以接动词的ing作宾语：作宾语：hate, love , prefer , remember , forget, regret , like ,try , stop , begin , start 既跟动词既跟动词ing又接不定式作宾语的动词歌诀又接不定式作宾语的动词歌诀:双方一旦开场，不论喜欢与否，都得继双方一旦开场，不论喜欢与否，都得继续下去。续下去。不论记住与否，努力计划停顿，懊悔三不论记住与否，努力计划停顿，懊悔三个需求。个需求。begin, start, l

12、ike, prefer, hate, dislike, continue.remember, forget, try, mean, stop, reget, 答案：答案：Bving方式作主语和宾语方式作主语和宾语1To tell you the truth, if you want to study abroad, you must pay more attention to _ English every day. (2019开封开封高三模拟高三模拟)Apractise speaking Bpractising speakingCpractising to speak Dpractise t

13、o speaking解析：由于解析：由于practise后接动名词作宾语，又由于后接动名词作宾语，又由于pay more attention to 中的中的to为介词，所以其后也接动名词作宾语，为介词，所以其后也接动名词作宾语，故答案为故答案为B。 2The difficulty the couple had _their lost child was soon forgotten when they discovered her. (2019江苏启东江苏启东中学摸底考试中学摸底考试)Afound BfindCfinding Dto find解析：调查非谓语动词。句意：这对夫妇在找到丧失的解析

14、：调查非谓语动词。句意：这对夫妇在找到丧失的孩子后很快忘记了寻觅时的困难。此题中含有孩子后很快忘记了寻觅时的困难。此题中含有have difficulty (in) doing sth.构造。构造。答案：答案：C3_to advertisements constantly can help to change peoples opinions over time. (2019福州三中月考福州三中月考) AExposed BBeing exposedCExposing DTo be exposed解析：由句子构造可知，解析：由句子构造可知，“ _ to advertisements consta

15、ntly是句子的主语部分，而过去分词是句子的主语部分，而过去分词(短语短语)不能作主语，故排除不能作主语，故排除A。be exposed to是固定短语，意是固定短语，意为为“使暴露于使暴露于(日光、风雨中等日光、风雨中等)；使蒙受；使蒙受(危险等危险等)，Being exposed to .是其动名词方式，可以作主语，强调事情。是其动名词方式，可以作主语，强调事情。Exposing运用方式不正确；运用方式不正确；To be exposed属于不定式短语，属于不定式短语，作主语强调动作。本句强调普通的概念，应选作主语强调动作。本句强调普通的概念，应选B项。项。 答案：答案：B答案：答案：B4_

16、 on the top of the hill is a monument, dating back to hundreds of years ago. (2019江苏仪征中学期末江苏仪征中学期末) AHaving stood BStandingCBeing stood DHaving been stood解析：句意：一块可以追溯到几百年前的留念碑矗立在山解析：句意：一块可以追溯到几百年前的留念碑矗立在山顶上。顶上。a monument是主语，是主语，dating back to hundreds of years ago 是定语，修饰是定语，修饰a monument。为了防止头重脚轻便。为了防止头重脚轻便把整个主语部分把整个主语部分a monument, dating back to hundreds of years ago放在句末，采用了倒装语序。放在句末，采用了倒装语序。stand普通不用被动普通不用被动方式，应选方式，应选B。5There is nothing more I can try _ you to stay, so I wish you good luck. (2019山东潍坊一模山东潍坊一模)Apersuading Bbeing persuadedCto be persuaded Dto