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1、Machiavellianism can be used for reference today【Abstract】Machiavellianismistheemploymentofcunningandduplicityinstatecraftoringeneralconduct.Theviewofnon-moralpoliticswasascribedtoMachiavelli.Fearandvariousschemescanbeusedtoachievethepurposeofreigningandcontrolling.Butnowtherearemanyarticlescriticiz
2、ingthistheory.Theyclaimthatitsnotmoral.PreviousstudiesclearlyshowthatMachiavellianthinkingandbehaviorarecharacterizedbysomekindofcoldattitude;atendencytobedetachedfromtheemotionalfeaturesofaparticularsituation.Anddependingonit,onecantgoalongway.Thesearticlescanbechallenged.Insomeareasofyourlife,youc
3、antakeadvantageofthistheorytogetthetop.Inourdailylife,machiavellianismalsocanbeusedforreference.ThisthesiswillhelpyoutoseetheessenceofMachiavellianism.Takinggoodadvantageofthistheory,youcanreachyourgoals.【Keywords】Machiavellianism;goals;life【作者簡介】范敏,中国石油大学华东。Introduction:Machiavellianismisoneoftheda
4、rktriadpersonalities,characterizedbyaduplicitousinterpersonalstyle,acynicaldisregardformorality,andafocusonself-interestandpersonalgain.Machiavellianisminpsychologyreferstoapersonalitytraitwhichseesapersonsofocusedontheirownintereststheywillmanipulate,deceive,andexploitotherstoachievetheirgoals.What
5、everyourcareerisoryoursocialstatusis,thistheoryorwecancallitatrumpcardcanleadyourlifemorecontrolledandbrighter.Machiavellianismisalsoatermthatsomesocial,forensicandpersonalitypsychologistsusetodescribeapersonstendencytobeunemotional,andthereforeabletodetachthemselffromconventionalmoralityandhencetod
6、eceiveandmanipulateothers.ThistermitselfderivedfromNiccoloMachiavelli,adiplomatandphilosopherintheRenaissance.From“ThePrince,wecanunderstandtheMachiavellianismbetter.Thebookespousedhisviewsthatstrongrulersshouldbeharshwiththeirsubjectsandenemies.Machiavellianismisdefinedas“aprocessbywhichthemanipula
7、torgetsmoreofsomekindofrewardthanhewouldhavegottenwithoutmanipulating,whilesomeoneelsegetsless,atleastwithintheimmediatecontextChristieandGeis,1970,p.106.Thecoreofthispersonalitytypecanbeexplainedintermsofmanipulative,persuasivebehaviortoaccomplishpersonalobjectives.Althoughitseemstobebrutalandimmor
8、al,itdoesworkinallages.Thisthesiswillanalyzeitfromthreeaspects,thecompanymanagement,therelationshipandhowtouseitproperly.Machiavellianismisaninterpersonalmanipulation.Machiavellianismintheworkplaceistheemploymentofcunningandduplicityinabusinesssetting.Machiavellianismhasbeenstudiedextensivelyoverthe
9、past40yearsasapersonalitycharacteristicthatsharesfeatureswithmanipulativeleadership.Ifyouareamanagerorabossofacompany,youmustlearnaboutMachiavellianism.Machiavellianismonlymanipulatesonoccasionswheritisnecessarytoachievetherequiredobjectives.AccordingtotheMachiavellianism,fearcanbeabetterwaytocompet
10、ewithyourcommercialrivals.Inmodernpsychology,likethecommercialcompetition,businessmenonlypayalltheattentiononprofits.Fearmakesyourcompetitorsobeyyouandgivewhatyouwant.Fearmakesyoursubordinatesdevotefortheirjobsandcreatemoreprofitsforyou.InChineseculture,wepraisedthosekindleadershighly.Butconsidering
11、itfromanotherside,sometimeskindnessmaynotbringagoodresult.SomeonemaysaythatGoogleisanexception;managersbuildarelaxingenvironmentforemployers.Butasasuccessfulcompany,Googleisstricttoemployers.Whatsmore,itswitnessistheinterview.EveryonewhocomestotheinterviewofGooglewillcommunicatewithsixinterviewers.S
12、ofeararebuiltineveryonesheartatthefirsttimetheystepinthiscompany.Googleonlyleavesitstolerancetothoseactive,struggling,responsibleandtalentemployers.Onthecontrary,somecompaniesonlylearnedbitsandpiecesfromGoogle.Managersarealwayskind;anyemployerscanbetoleratetotreat.Nodoubt,thosecompanieswillgobroke.S
13、ofear,strictmanagementandsometricksarenecessary.Currently,manyenterprisesgoforthewolfculture.Shiyuzhusaid:aslongasitsagreatcompany,itmustpursuethewolfculture.Therabbitculturemustmakeacompanygodown.“Frommyview,italsocanbeapartofMachiavellianism.Forexample,Huaweipursuesthewolfculturemore.In2020,itbeca
14、methetop83witha78.51billiondollarsannualincomeintheworld.Andsometimesamanagerneedssometrickstogetsomeusefulinformationfromthemarketorothercompanies.Itisimmoralbutuseful.Ifacompanywantstosurvivefromtheharshmarket,Machiavellianismcanbeusedforreference.Inthesellingprocessthesalesagentsresponsibilitiesi
15、ncludepresentingtheproduct/serviceinthebestlightpossible,handlingobjections,andclosingthesale.Manyclosingtechniquescouldbeconstruedasmanipulativedependinguponthedegreeofimplementation.Onefactorthatmeasuressalessuccessisdollarsgeneratedorthenumberofsuccessfulcloses.Henceitislogicaltoassumethatsomelev
16、elofthemanipulationtraitisneededtobesuccessfulOlshavsky,1973;GreenbergandGreenberg,1990.Therelationshipisabigpartweneedtodealwithinourlives.Friends,lovers,familymembers,anyoneyouknowandanystrangers,youneedfindabalanceandmakeallrelationshipsgoarightway.Machiavellianismisapersonalitytraitinvolvingmani
17、pulativenessanddeceit,cynicalviewstowardhumannature,andacold,calculatingattitudetowardsothers.Machiavelliansarestrategicindividualswhoarewillingtolie,cheat,anddeceiveothersinordertoachievetheirgoals.Machiavellianismmaybesoindifferentintheserelationships.AsaChinese,weemphasizetreatotherswellandregard
18、everyoneasagoodfriend.Whatwestressisnotourownbenefitsbutthegoodrelationship.However,Machiavellianismisusedwellinwesterncultureduringgettingalongwithothers.Itsatruththatwesternpeoplehaveplentyfriendsindifferentareas.Whentheydoexercise,theycontactseveralfriendswholovesports;wheytheywanttostudy,theyhav
19、eseveralfriendswithahostofknowledge;wheytheyarecrazyongoingshopping,theyjustcallseveralfriendswithafashionableview.Furthermore,theydontkeepalongrelationshiporfriendship.Eveninafamily,peoplestressmoreontheindividualism.Theyrespecteachothersprivacyandrightinthefamily.Whattheycherishmoreistheirowninter
20、est,justlikeMachiavellians.OnecannotbeaMachiavelliancompletely,butonecannotbealwaysayes-maneither.Duringtherelationshipwithyourfriends,ifyouhavenodignityandyourownthinking,youwillbehurtinthisfriendship,becauseyouhavenowaytoprotectyourownbenefits.Andhumanbeingsareselfish,therearefewsaints,mostpeoplea
21、restrugglingtoprotectthemselves.Machiavelliansmusthaveareasonablygoodtheoryofmindinordertobeabletobeabletounderstandwhatdrivesthebehaviorsofothers,sothattheycanmanipulatetheseothers.Also,fromLianeYoungsstud,Machiavellianismcorrelatedwithhigherratingsofreciprocityasfair,wherasempathicconcernandperspe
22、ctivetakingcorrelatedwithhigherratingsofcharityasfair.reciprocityisasituationinwhichtwopeople,groups,orcountriesgiveeachothersimilarkindsofheloorspecialrights,itsamutualbefit.Theresultofthisstudyiscontradictedwithourcognition,butitsafact.AlthoughMachiavellianismdirectspeopletakeadvantageofeverywayto
23、achievetheirgoals,theyhaveforesightandsagacity.Whattheypursuesisalong-terminterest.Itsalsoappliedtorelationshipwithotherpeople.Contactingwithothersistocreateapeopleweb,togetmorehelpfromothers.,whichisnotonlyfortheemotionneeds.Moreover,peoplewithapropositionofMachiavellianismwillendtherelationshipina
24、shorttimeasaresultofinterestcontradiction.Whattheywantandinsistisreciprocity,theyneedgetbenefitsandgoalsinalongterm.Butthen,inarelationshipwithyourboyfriendorgirlfriend,itsanotheraspectwewillanalyse.Thisisthemostcomplexrelationshipintheworldanditshardtokeepinagoodstateandbalanceallthetime.But,Machiavellianismcangiveussometips.Inallages,weregardedMachiavellianismasatomboflove.Machiavelliansintheloveonlyemphasizetheirownbenefits.Theywontdevoteeverythingforeachother.Butfromtheotheraspect,loveneedswhitelies;loveneedssometrickstokeepitintoawelllastingco
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