高考新题短文改错与语法填空巧拿分

1、高考新题短文改错与语法填空高考新题短文改错与语法填空巧巧拿分拿分短文改错短文改错 一、看清题一、看清题 二、明规律二、明规律 三、规范答题三、规范答题 一、看清题一、看清题 短文改错（共（共10小题；每小题小题；每小题1分，满分分，满分10分）分） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下便条。便条中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线（）划掉.修改: 在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意:1.每处错误及修改均限一词； 2.只允许修改10处，

2、多者(从第11处起)不计分。 Dear Bob, I saw your note yesterday afternoon since I came back from school. You suggested that we go to concert this Friday evening. Im sorry but I will be visit my uncle that day. He is going to Canada to do him PhD, and leave China this Sunday. I think I should say good-bye for him

3、. Id really like to go to the concert. I knew the performances will continue until next weekend, so how do you think about going next Friday evening? Please let me know that we can go together then. Give me a phone at 12300456. Thanks. Li Hua 1. 2015年的便条（样卷年的便条（样卷103字）每句中最多有字）每句中最多有两处。两处。 2增词和改词要求在该

4、词下面写出改正后的增词和改词要求在该词下面写出改正后的词，删除把多余的词用斜线（词，删除把多余的词用斜线（）划掉就行。）划掉就行。 3文中共有文中共有10处错误。处错误。 二、明规律二、明规律 短文改错题的规律，短文改错题的主要规律有三：第一、多词;第二、缺词;第三、错词。多词常为重复或表达不当;缺词多为句子成分残缺，或固定搭配不完整。此外，虚词的遗漏(如冠词、连词、不定式符号或助动词等)也是常考点;错词主要出现在词法、词义、句式结构、固定搭配或行文逻辑方面，其中又以词法错误最为普遍。这些错误常涉及以下10个方面：一、名词一、名词 1. 单复数、可数与不可数、名词的构成。 Last Sunda

5、y morning, when I was having a walk in the park near my home, I came across a crew make a new film with one of my favourite actor. In my spare times, I read a lot. It was there I successfully overcame my shy and experienced different cultures through communication with the natives. 二、动词二、动词 时态与语态，及物

6、与不及物词，要特别注意动词的第三单形式。 In recent years many flowers shops have been appeared in our small town. When I heard these words, tears was filled my eyes. My English teacher came in and asked who has done it. When anyone leave paper money in a fire, the fire burns it. 三、形容词与副词三、形容词与副词形容词与副词的变化；副词还要特别注意那些逻辑功能

7、词如however, moreover, therefore等。The teacher looked at me kind.The familiar patterns of notes attracts me into the colourfully world of music.Although my brother and I missed a interesting film, we felt very happily.This in turn will encourage high schools to help training such students. Therefore, s

8、ome other people disagree. 四、介词四、介词 介词与实词的正确搭配。 I was really disappointing and about to leave when he walked out a building. Sometimes, my mother comes in, asking me to fix my attention to my homework. By this way, the traffic density can be reduced, thus speeding up the flow of buses and cars. We h

9、ad not only helped Peter out of trouble and also learnt something by him. 五、代词五、代词 代词较复杂些。要注意不定代词,反身代词，是否正确使用；it与that；人称代词与物主代词，名词所有格及代词的正确指代。 Like most grown-ups, she enjoys folk songs, because the peaceful music reminds her of their beautiful life when she was young. He is going to Canada to do hi

10、m PhD, On my way to the cinema, we happened to meet an American named Peter. One morning when I was running into the classroom, I knocked a glass off the teacher desk by accident and it was broken into piece. 六、连词六、连词1)并列连词and, or, so, but ,for,when2）从属连词when, where, why, how, what, that ,whether,wh

11、ich等的使用，还要特别注意是应用连词还是代词或是介词。法宝法宝：连词个数原则连词个数原则（一个句子所用连词的个数等于这个句子的主谓个数减一）（一个句子所用连词的个数等于这个句子的主谓个数减一）连词个数原则对于解决谓语还是非谓语，连词还是其它词非连词个数原则对于解决谓语还是非谓语，连词还是其它词非常有作用常有作用。至少有四种方式表示比较太阳和月亮，太阳更大。至少有四种方式表示比较太阳和月亮，太阳更大。Compare the sun with the moon, and youll find the sun is bigger.Comparing the sun with the moon, y

12、oull find the sun is bigger.If you compare the sun with the moon, youll find the sun is bigger. Compared with the moon, the sun is bigger.He has three sons, but none of them is like him.He has three sons, none of them like him.He has three sons, none of whom is like him.He has three sons; none of th

13、em is like him. I didnt have my camera with me at that time, but I rushed back home to get it. Just then the bell rang but I went to my seat. Every evening then I am doing homework and at weekends when I at home, I always play some of my favorite songs on my tape recorder. I saw your note yesterday

14、afternoon since I came back from school. It is a truth which people of different age understand music differently and enjoy different kinds of music. Please let me know that we can go together then. Give me a phone at 12300456. 七、主谓一致七、主谓一致谓语是由主语决定的，不要受表语的影响。To solve the problem, some pieces of advi

15、ce is put forward.All the things my mother did was the result of her hope that I could lead a better life in the future.The familiar patterns of notes attracts me into the colourfully world of music. 八、非谓语动词八、非谓语动词非谓语动词常见的十种形式(动词不定式五种，动名词和现在分词四种，过去分词一种，哪五种表主动，哪五种表被动)，要特别注意连词个数原则，该用谓语动词还是用非谓语动词。Feel

16、sorry, I apologized to her the next morning.Last Sunday morning, when I was having a walk in the park near my home, I came across a crew make a new film with one of my favourite actor.I was really disappointing and about to leave when he walked out a building. 九、冠词九、冠词冠词的正确使用以及要特别注意可数名词单数前缺不缺冠词。A li

17、ttle wave is jumping along in the ocean, having great time.Although my brother and I missed a interesting film, we felt very happily.He was right there in the front of me!With such pen friend, I hope I can share with her my experiences in traveling, taking care of pets, or whatever we have in common

18、.She does not like the pop music. 十、固定搭配十、固定搭配 涉及各个方面 名：give me a phone（call) 非谓语: judged(judging) from 连:There is no doubt whether(that) 介：on(in )addition 冠：after the (a) while 形、副as soon as possibly(possible) Sometimes, my mother comes in, asking me to fix my attention to my homework. We had not o

19、nly helped Peter out of trouble and also learnt something by him. 总结:做短文改错题时先将全文通读一遍，弄清文章大意，然后根据语言结构进行改错。如果注意我提到的这十个方面，我想拿高分不是一件很难的事的。我的学生就是这样提高的：刚开始做普遍是做对两到三个，成绩好的也就是五六个；现在一般的能拿六七分，好的甚至可以拿满分。我想这得益于这么长久的训练，更重要的是得益于方法的指导。 三、规范答题三、规范答题 尽管老师反复提醒学生，但是还是有很多学生答题不规范。集中表现在以下这几方面: 将改正后的词写在原词的上面，而不是下面。 在每处错上标

20、上序号。 重抄了原词。 用别的符号，而不是按照要求标那三个符号。 使用铅笔做答，而不是签字笔。 注意三不改：不改标点，不改大小写，不改单词拼写语法填空语法填空一、审题一、审题二、解题二、解题三、构词三、构词一、审题一、审题第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分， 满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。在空白处填入适当的内容，1个单词,这与去年的全国卷II要求有些不同,去年是不超过3个词)。填入括号内单词的正确形式。 1. Last Sunday morning, when I was having a walk in the park near my

21、home, I came across a crew _(make) a new film with one of my favourite actors.只能填making不能填who were making。改错题也不行，因为只限一个词。2. It is time that we_(study) hard.只能填studied，不能填should study.改错题则可以。3.It may be _(benefit) to eat dinner at a different time, shop at a different grocery store, or take a differe

22、nt route to work. 只能用beneficial不能用of great benefit. 二、解题二、解题 此题与改错题是相通的，每个空，每个错都涉及到一个知识点或语法点。 1.一般多填入介词，冠词，连词，代词,助动词等，或者是名词，动词，形容词，副词等的正确形式。 2.根据行文逻辑，缺什么成份，填什么成份。 3.注意固定搭配。 4.注意选用单词的正确形式。 One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about 61 (be) late for school. There were many people waitin

23、g at the bus stop, 62 some of them looked very anxious and 63 (disappoint). When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next 64 the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike 65 (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a

24、 passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused 66 (stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept 67 (ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversatio

25、n. Then the driver stood up and asked, “ 68 anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” A woman on the bus shouted, “ Oh dear! Its 69 (I).” She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers 70 (s

26、udden) became friendly to one another.三、构词三、构词如何记忆单词任何一门语言都是由语音、词汇、语法三部分构成的，而词汇涵盖了所有这三部分。扎实的词汇永远是学好英语的重要基础。联想归纳就是从四个方面联想：音，形，意，性即语音，词形，词意和词性。由A单词想到B、C、D、E等单词，然后由B单词想到A、C、D、E等单词，让它象条件反射一样。归纳就是归类，只要具备音，形，意，性 一方的相似性就可归类，就是从单个的变成一类的。 1.unhappy反义构词类加前缀in,ir,il,un,dis,non im等的规律non nonsense/ nonfiction/ n

27、onprofitmaking/nonfriend/ nonmember/in inactive/ inaccurate/ inaccessible/ indirect/ incapable/ inevitable/ inexpensive/ inflexible/ informal/ inhuman/invisibleim immature/ immeasurable/ impatient/impossible/ impolite/impractical/ impreciseir irregular/ irrelevant / irrespective/ irresponsibleil ill

28、egal/ illegible/ illiterate/ illogicaldis disapprove/disagree/disappear/disadvantage/disorder/dishonestun untrue/unimportant/ unnecessary/ unlucky/ unable/ unacceptable/ unarmed/ unattached/ unavoidable/ unaware/ unbalanced/ unbearable/ uncertain/ uncomfortable/ undrinkable/ uneasy/ uneatable/ unemp

29、loyed/ uneducated/ unequal/ unexpected/ unfair/ forgettable/ unfortunate/ unfriendly/ unhappy/ unfamiliar/ unfit/ unguarded/ unhealthy/ unpeaceable/ uninterested/unknown/unlikely/ unlimited/ unlined/ unlisted/ unmarried/ unnatural/ unnecessary/ unnoticed/ unoccupied/ unofficial/ unpaid/ unpleasant/

30、unpopular/ unqualified/ unreasonable/ unrepeatable/ unripe / unskilled/ unsure/untidy/ unused/ unusual/ unwilling/ unwise/un+ ns uncover/ unbutton/ unlock/ unpack/ unwrap/ unfold unload/ 2. interest/interesting/interested类表情绪情感词的用法v. ving ved nbore boring bored boredominspire inspiring inspired insp

31、irationamaze amazing amazed amazementastonish astonishing astonished astonishmentdelight delightful delighted delightsatisfy satisfactory satisfied satisfaction shock shocking shocked shockexcite exciting excited excitementinterest interesting interested interestencourage encouraging encouraged enco

32、uragementplease pleasant pleased pleasurepuzzle puzzling puzzled puzzlev. ving ved nworry worrying worried worryterrify terrifying terrified terrorfrighten frightening/frightful frightened frightharm harmful harmed harmtrouble troublesome troubled troubletire tiring/ tiresome tired tirednessamuse am

33、using amused amusementmove moving moved movementtouch touching touched touchsurprise surprising surprised surpriseconfuse confusing confused confusionembarrassembarrassing embarrassed embarrassmentfascinate fascinating fascinated fascinationannoy annoying annoyed annoyance disturb disturbing disturb

34、ed disturbancediscourage discouraging discouraged discouragementrelax relaxing relaxed relaxation这些词的用法，语法功能相似，会用一个词，就会用这一类词。To our interest, he talked about his success.What he talked about interested us.What he talked about was interestingWe were interested in what he talked about.The father was u

35、pset about the sons bad performance at school.It upset him that you didnt replay to his letters.His mother is concerned about his future and happinessHe asked several questions concerning the future of the company.1) There was a puzzled look on her face because a puzzling problem puzzled the little

36、girl.2) The girl looked at me with a confused expression. Maybe that problem was quite confusing. pete/competitive/competition/competitor类；大凡以tion结尾构成名词，常以tive构成形容词，表做这类事的人常以or结尾。 v. n. N. adj compete competitor competition competitive construct constructor construction constructive instruct instructor instruction instructive invent inventor invention inventive protect protector protection protective educate educator education educative predict predictor prediction predictive act actor action active create creator creation creativev. n. n. adjcollect collector collection collective