人教版高一英语必修一笔记(良心出品必属精品)

1、Unit1Friendship课堂笔记1、Yourfriendcomestoschoolveryupset.你的朋友来上学时心情很不好.upset既可以作动词又可以作形容词,在此处是形容词,作补语,用来补充形容主语yourfriend来学校时的心情. Thefarmercamebackhometiredandhungry.那个农民回家时又累又饿.tiredandhungry修饰主语thefarmer Don'tmarryyoung.不要早婚.young补充修饰省去的主语you Whohasleftthedooropen?谁把门敞开的open是形容词,补充修饰宾语thedoorIcan&

2、#39;tdrinkithot.这东西热的我不能喝.hot作补语,修饰宾语it2、Youwilltellyourfriendthatyouareconcernedabouthim/herbutyouhavetogotoclass.你会告诉你的朋友你很关心他或她,但是你得去上课.beconcernedabout为担忧；关心；关注. Thefamilyareallconcernedabouthersafety.(beconcernedabout=beworriedabout)全家人对她的平安十分担忧. Whyisshesoconcernedaboutthegame?(beconcernedabou

3、t=beinterestedin)她为什么对这场比赛这么关注(重视)3、Shesaid,"Idon'twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiarylikemostpeopledo,butIwantthisdiary让selftobemyfriend,andIshallcallmyfriendKitty她说,“我不愿意像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账,我要把这本日记当作我的朋友,我要把这个朋友称作基蒂.setdown放下=putdownsetdownt己下=writedown=takedown=putdownHeenteredthehouse,setdo

4、wnhisheavybag,andaskedforsomewatertodrink.他进了屋子,放下沉重的口袋,向人要点水喝. HespoketoofastandIcouldn'tsetdownwhathesaid.他讲得很快,我记不下来他所讲的内容.4、Iwonderifit'sbecauseIhaven'tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforso10ngthatI'vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.我不知道这是不是由于我长久无法出门的缘故,我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热.此处的it&#

5、39;sbecause.that.是强调句型,意为“由于所以 Itwasbecausehewaslateagainthathisteacherscoldedhim.由于他再次迟到,所以老师责备了他. It'sallbecausehestudieshardthathedoeswellineverysubject.完全是由于他学习努力,所以他各门功课成绩优秀.在itis之后表原因的从句中,because不能由since和as替换.Whyisn'tJanespeakingtomethesedays?简这几天为什么不理我Itwasbecauseyouspokeillofherbehin

6、dherback.那是由于你背后说了她的坏话.reasonn.理由,原因构成句型Thereasonwhy.isthat.构成短语thereasonforsth/todo和forthe(some)reason那事没有什么理由There'snoreasonforthat.inorderto=soastoeg:Hewenttotowninordertosellthepainting.Hewenttotownsoastosellthepainting.=Hewenttotowninorderthathecouldsellthepainting.注意:inorderto与soasto相同点：其后

7、均加动词原形,引导目的状语,否认要在to前加not.即inordernotto/soasnotto不同点：inorderto引导的不定式短语可以放在句首,也可以置于句中,soasto那么只能位于句中.5、Butthemoongavefartoomuchlight,Ididn'tdareopenawindow.但是由于月亮太亮了,我不敢翻开窗子.far经常与too或形容词的比拟级连用,意为“过于；得多.I'mafraidthisbusisfartoocrowdedthanthatone.(=muchtoocrowded)恐怕这辆班车比那辆拥挤得多.Thenecklacewasfa

8、rmoreexpensivethanIexpected.(=muchmoreexpensive)项链比我预料的昂贵得多.注意：muchtoo之后接形容词或副词,muchtoodifficult困难得多toomuch之后接不可数名词,toomuchwater太多的水6、Anothertimemonthsago,Ihappenedtobeupstairsoneeveningwhenthewindowwasopen.有一次,就在几个月前的一天晚上,我碰巧在楼上,窗户是开着的.happentodo恰巧；碰巧；偶然做某事WhenIcamebackhomemymotherhappenedtobeaslee

9、p.我回家的时候,妈妈碰巧在睡觉.Thepolicehappenedtonoticehimwhenthethiefwasjustabouttorunaway.小偷正要逃跑,这时刚好警察瞧见了.7、Thedark,rainyevening,thewind,thethunderingcloudsheldmeentirelyintheirpower.ItwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatI'dseenthenightfacetoface.漆黑的夜晚,狂风暴雨,雷电交加,我全然被这种力量镇住了,这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚.It'sthefirst/

10、second/lasttime.that.某人第一/二/最后一次做某事,在这个句型中that之后的时态常用完成时态. It'sthesecondtimethatIhavevisitedyourcompany.我是第二次来拜访你们公司. Itwasthethirdtimethatshehadcomeintothismountainvillagetoseethechildren.这是她第三次来到这个山村看望这些孩子.8、JewswerecaughtbyNazisandputaway.犹太人被纳粹兵抓住并关押起来.putaway把起来；把放好 Ifyoudon'tusethedict

11、ionary,putitaway.如果不用字典,就把它放好. Hebrokethelawandwasputaway.他犯法了,因此被关起来了.语法：间接引语1、技巧点拨：间接引语同宾从,“四变“一加记心中.直接引语变为间接引语时,要记住“四变“一加：一变人称、二变语序、三变时态、四变指示代词或时间状语；一般疑问句变为间接引语时,要加连词if或whether.2、练习：运用以上技巧做练习：“Idon'tknowtheaddressofmynewhome,"SaidAnne.Annesaidthatshedidn'tknowtheaddressofhernewhome.&

12、quot;Areyouveryhotwithsomanyclotheson?Mumsaidtoher.Mumaskedherif/whethershewasveryhotwithsomanyclotheson.“Ididsomehomeworkyesterday,"Tomsaid.Tomsaidthathehaddonesomehomeworkthedaybefore.“Wearegoingtoseeafilmthisevening,“MarysaidtoherroommateslastSunday.Marysaidthattheyweregoingtoseeafilmthateve

13、ning.“WhatdidyoudolastSunday?Fatheraskedme.FatheraskedmewhatIhaddonetheSundaybefore.“W川youcomeherenextMonday?myfriendaskedme.Myfriendaskedmeif/whetherIwouldgotherethenextMonday.变化规律见课本P88重点词汇1、add,add.to,addto,addup,adduptoadd增加添加补充说add.to把添加到去；addto增添“Don'taddthesugartomyteasheadded.“不要把这些糖加到我的

14、茶里面,她补充道.Ourcomingaddedyourtrouble.我们的到来增添了你的麻烦.(=increase)addup加起来；addupto加起来总共(up是副词,to是介词,接宾语)Thenumberofthestudentsofourschooladdsupto3000.我们学校的学生数加起来共3000人.Thesenumbersmustbeaddedupassoonaspossible.这些数字应尽快加起来.2、upsetvt.&vi.adj.calmvt.&vi.adj.concernvt.n.cheatvt.&vi.n.sharevt.n.trust

15、vt.n.pointvt.n.listvt.歹！J表；n.名单；表格共同点：这些词既可以作动词,又可以作名词或形容词. Look,thecheatischeatingatthegateofthepark.看,那个骗子又在公园门口行骗. Thenewsquiteupsethimandheisupsetnow.(upset-upset-upset)这个信息使他心烦意乱,他现在很苦恼. Sheisn'tcalmthoughwetriedtocalmheragainandagain.她仍然平静不下来,尽管我们再三试图使她镇静.Whathesaiddoesn'tconcernme,but

16、whatshesaidhasaconcernwithme.他说的与我毫无关系,但她讲的倒是牵涉到我.Heisn'tamantobetrusted.Atleastwethreedon'ttrusthim.他不是一个可以信赖的人,至少我们三个人都不相信他.I'lltake(bear)myshareoftheexpenses.Thatis,I'llsharewithyouintheexpenses.我将负担我那局部费用,也就是说,我和你分担这些费用.3、havegotto(A.E)=haveto不得不；必须havegot(A.E)=have有Thetrainislea

17、ving.Wehaveto/havegottohurry.(E客观条件,自己不得不干某事)火车就要出发了.我们必须快点.Thetrainisleaving.Youmusthurry.(他人要求,外界要求某人干某事)火车就要出发了.你们必须快点.I'mquitehungrynow.Haveyouanythingtoeat?=I'mquitehungrynow.Haveyougotanythingtoeat?=I'mquitehungrynow.Doyouhaveanythingtoeat?我饿坏了,有什么吃的吗4、gothroughtoexaminecarefully仔细

18、阅读或研究、审查Iwentthroughthestudents'paperslastnight.昨晚我仔细阅读了学生的作业.toexperience经历；被通过；遭受或忍受Youreallydon'tknowwhatwewentthroughwhileworkingonthisproject.你确实不知道我们搞这个工程吃了多少苦.Thebilldidn'tgothrough.这议案未被通过.5、inordertodo为了inordernottodo为了不soastodo为了soasnottodo为了不这两个短语都在句子中作状语,意思相同,但soastodo/soasno

19、ttodo只能位于句中,inordertodo/inordernottodo句中或句首均可. Shestudiesveryhardsoasto/inordertocatchupwithothers.=Inordertocatchupwithothersshestudiesveryhard.她努力学习,为的是赶上他人.转换：Shestudiesveryhardsothat/inorderthatshecancatchupwithothers.Inordernottomissthelecture,wegotupveryearly.为了不错过那场报告,我们起的很早.6、withthepurposeo

20、f=forthepurposeof为的是,为了目的onpurpose成心,特意的=purposelyDidyoucometoLondonfor/withthepurposeofseeingyourfamilyorforbusinesspurposes?你到伦敦来看望你的家人还是办事 Ididn'thurtyouonpurpose.Couldforgiveme?=Ididn'thurtyouonpurposely.Couldforgiveme?我不是有意伤害你的.你能原谅我吗 Icamehereonpurpose/purposelytoseeyou.我专程到这儿来看你.7、fac

21、etoface面对面状语face-to-face面对面的定语facetoface=beadtobeadface-to-face=bead-to-beadIreallywanttohaveawordwithherfacetoface.=Ireallywanttohaveaface-to-facewordwithher.我确实想和她面对面谈一谈.8、fallinlovewithsb爱上某人动态beinlovewith爱上某人状态前者不能和表示时间的for,since,till,until,howlong等词语连用. Thegirlfellinlovewithaforeignerlastweek.这

22、女孩上星期爱上了一个外国人.动态 Thegirlhasbeeninlovewithaforeignerforaweek.这女孩和一个外国人相爱已经一个星期了.同类短语试比拟：动态状态catchupwithsbkeepupwithsbgetintouchkeepintouchwithsbwithsbgetintotroublebeintroublegetmarriedtosbbemarriedtosb练习用括号里的词语译句子：1 .她的成功增添了我们的喜悦.addtoHersuccesshasaddedtoourhappiness.2 .李东爱上了短篇小说.fallinloveLiDonghas

23、falleninlovewithstories.3 .我得把昨天的报纸仔细读读.(havegotto,gothrough)Ihavegottogothroughyesterday'snewspapers.4 .你应该和她面对面谈谈.(facetoface)Youshouldhaveatalkwithherfacetoface.5 .为了出国,他拼命赚钱.(withthepurposeof)Hetrieshisbesttoearnmoneywiththepurposeofgoingabroad.Unit2Englisharoundtheworld课堂笔记1、morethan多于；不仅no

24、tmorethan不多于nomorethan仅仅lessthan少于notlessthan不少于DidyouknowthereismorethanonekindofEnglishintheworld?你知道世界上的英语不只一种吗I'mafraidsheislessthaneighteenthisyear.恐怕她今年不到18岁3)Therearenotmorethanfifty-fourstudentsineachclass.每个班上的学生不多于54人.Hersisterisnomorethanelevenoldthisyear.她妹妹今年仅仅只有11岁.2、playa.role/par

25、tin扮演角色；担任职务playa.partintakea.partinWomeofChinaplayanimportantrole/partineveryfield.中国妇女在各个领域都发挥了重要作用. Thisactorplayedaleadingpart/roleinthisfilm.这个演员在那部电影中担任主角. Wealltake/playanactivepartinsports.我们都积极参加体育锻炼.3、theneverbefore比以往任何时候更thanbefore,thanever比以前thanusual比平时这些短语常与比拟级连用,例如： Tomgotupearlierth

26、ismorningthaneverbefore.汤姆今天比以往任何时候都起来得早. MostofusstudyEnglishmuchharderthanbefore/ever/usual.我们大多数人学英语比以前用功多了.4、becauseof介词,“由于的意思,其后接名词、代词或短语等,不能接句子.because连词,也是“由于的意思,其后要接句子.Theboydidn'tcometoschoolyesterdaybecausehewasill.Theboydidn'tcometoschoolyesterdaybecauseofhis川ness.5、anumberof大量的,

27、很多的意思,修饰可数名词,其后谓语要用复数；thenumberof.的数量数目,谓语要用单数. Anumberofforeignersaregoingtoourschool.很多外国人要到我们学校来. Thenumberofthestudentsofourschoolis2500.我们学校的学生总数是2500人.6、comeup上来,过来；生长出；出现,发生 W川youcomeuptoBeijingnextmonth?你下个月能到北京来吗 Theygotupearlytowatchthesuncomeup.他们早起,为的是看日出. Springhascomeandthegrassisbegin

28、ningtocomeup.春天到了,草开始长出地面.7、suchas,like,forexample这三个词语都有“例如的意思,suchas和likeforexample在句首时,后面用逗号隔开,在句中时前后都用逗号隔开；用于句中,之后不能用逗号隔开. Englishisalsospokeninmanyothercountries,suchasSouthAfrica,SingaporeandMalaysia.其它一些国家也讲英语,比方南非、新加坡和马来西亚.此处的suchas可换为like Helikessportsverymuch,forexample,swimmingandskating.

29、他非常喜欢体育运动,比方游泳和滑冰.8、giveacommand名词=giveorders下命令；commandsbtodosth动词=ordersbtodosth命令某人做某事 Thesoldiersstartedoutassoonastheofficergaveacommand.军官一下命令战士们就出发了. Theofficercommanded/orderedthesoldierstosetoutatonce.军官命令战士们马上出发.语法：祈使句1、比拟:NotpolitePoliteVerypoliteOpenthePleaseopentheWouldyoupleaseopenthew

30、indow!window!window?TurnoffthePleaseturnoffWouldyoupleaseturnoffTV!theTV!theTV?2、点拨：间接引语中祈使句的固定搭配tellsbtodosth告诉某人做某事tellsbnottodosth告诉某人不要做某事tellsbnevertodosth告诉某人千万别做某事asksbtodosth请某人做某事asksbnottodosth请某人不要做某事asksbnevertodosth请某人千万另璇某事order/commandsbtodosth命令某人做某事3、练习：“Lookattheblackboard,boys!sai

31、dtheteacher.T:Whatdidtheteachersay?S:Theteachertoldtheboystolookattheblackboard."Don'tthrowthewastepapereverywhere,children!saidtheman.T:Whatdidthemansay?S:Themantoldthechildrennottothrowthewastepapereverywhere.“Standinline,please!Shesaidtotheguests.T:Whatdidshesaytotheguests?S:Sheaskedtheg

32、ueststostandinline.“Neverbelateforclassagain,LiDong."SaidMr.BlackT:WhatdidMr.BlacksaytoLiDong?S:Mr.BlacktoldLiDongnevertobelateforclassagain.“Putoutthefireassoonaspossible,youngboys!commandedtheofficer.T:Whatdidtheofficercommanded?S:Theofficercommandedheyoungboystoputoutthefireassoonaspossible.

33、重点词汇1、include包含、包括including现在分词included过去分词Therearesevenpeopleinmyfamily,whichincludesmyuncle.我们家共7个人,其中包括我叔叔.include指整体中包含局部=Therearesevenpeopleinmyfamily,includingmyuncle.=Therearesevenpeopleinmyfamily,myuncleincluded.=Therearesevenpeopleinmyfamily,andmyuncleisincluded.2、because,becauseof由于because

34、是连词,后面接句子,becauseof是短语介词,后面接名词或代词. Ourmanagerdidn'tattendourpartybecausehewasbusy.由于忙,经理没有参加我们的集会.=Ourmanagerdidn'tattendourpartybecauseofbusyness. Jackdidn'tcometoschoolyesterdaybecausehewasill.由于生病,杰克昨天没上学.=Jackdidn'tcometoschoolyesterdaybecauseofhis川ness.以下短语介词相当于becauseof的用法,以后会逐

35、渐接触到：thanksto,owingto,dueto,asaresultof,onaccountof3、actually事实上=infact=inreality=asamatteroffact=ineffectHepretendedtoberich.Actually,hehaslittlemoney.他假装很富有,其实他没有什么钱.=Hepretendedtoberich.Infact,hehaslittlemoney.=Hepretendedtoberich.Inreality,hehaslittlemoney.=Hepretendedtoberich.Asamatteroffact,he

36、haslittlemoney.4、presentadj.现在的；出席的,到场的atpresent现在=presently=now易混点：present因意思不同,在句中的位置也不一样. Mostpeoplearesatisfiedwiththepresentgovernment.大多数人对本届政府感到满意. Allthepeoplepresentagreedtoourplan.所有出席的人都赞成我们的方案.Atpresent,manypeopleenjoysportsintheirsparetime.现在,很多人喜欢在业余时间锻炼身体.注意：present出席的,参加的,放在被修饰的名词后边.

37、除此之外,presentn.礼物presentvt.赠送注意读音不同Hepresentedmeapresentatmybirthdayparty.5、commandsbtodosth/ordersbtodosth命令某人做某事command和order均具有“命令的含义,用法大致相同,二者均指正式下命令,而且这种命令具有绝对权威性,不得违抗,必须服从.不同之处是,command®重用于军事方面,而order除可用于军事方面外,还可指一般的命令,并含有奉劝的意思.试比拟：Thegeneralcommanded/orderedhismentoattackthecity.将军命令其战士攻打

38、城市Thedoctorhasorderedheramonth'srestinbed.医生要他躺一个月.Ifyoumakeanymorenoise,Ishallorder/commandyououtofthehall.要是你们还吵吵嚷嚷的,我就叫你们滚出大厅.6、request,ask,beg,require这几个动词都有“请求,要求的意思,但有区别.当“请求讲时,ask最通俗,最口语化.Iaskedhertoshutthewindow.我请她把窗户关上.request也是“请求的意思,但主要用于庄重的讲话和文字中,常用于通告中,多用于被动语态.Passengersarekindlyre

39、questednottosmokeinthecar.乘客请勿在车厢或汽车内抽烟.beg是“乞求的意思,态度很谦恭.要求他人给予较大的帮助.Heknewhehadhurtherandbeggedhertoforgivehim.他自知伤了她的心而央求她原谅.©require是上对下,长辈对子女或依法进行的某种要求.Beforethematchthepolicerequiredustoshowourtickets.比赛之前,警察要求我们出示看票.Thesebooksarerequiredreading.这些书是必读的.7、inthedirectionof还是tothedirectionof

40、?英语中表示方向的介词多用to,但是,朝方向,不能说tothedirectionof,要用inthedirectionof. Thehorseranawayinthedirectionoftheforest.马朝森林方向跑去了. Afterschoolthechildrenwenthomeineverydirection.放学之后,同学们朝不同方向回家了.除此之外,常见的表示方向的介词还有： TheywillleaveforBeijingthisafternoon.他们下午到北京去. Thedogiscomingatthestranger.狗朝那个陌生人扑去. Theyswamtowardst

41、heisland.他们向小岛游去. Theenemywassurroundedfromdifferentdirections.敌人被四面八方包围了.Unit3Traveljournal课堂笔记1、Sincehighschool,mysisterWangWeiandIWangKun,haddreamedabouttakingagreatbiketrip.从高中起,我姐姐王薇和我一一王坤就一直想作一次自行车旅行.dreamof/aboutdoingsth梦想做某事 It'sasmalltown.Youcanneverdreamofdoingshoppingafter5o'clock

42、intheevening.那是个小镇,每天下午五点钟以后你别想逛商店. Thegirlalwaysdreamsofbecomingateacherlikehermother.这个女孩总是梦想像妈妈一样当个教师.2、ItwasmysisterwhofirsthadtheideatocyclealongtheMekongRiverfromwhereitbeginstowhereitends.首先想到要沿湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅游的是我的姐姐.Itwas.who/that.是个强调句型,用来强调句子中除谓语之外的各种成分,以引起听者或读者的注意,强调句型的完整结构是：Itis/was+被强调局部+w

43、ho/that+句中原有其它局部.指人是常用who,也可以用that,指物或值时间、地点等时用that. ItwasJackwhooftenhelpeduslearnEnglishlastyear.是杰克去年经常帮助我们学英语.ItwaslastyearthatJackoftenhelpeduslearnEnglish.此处that不能换为when是去年,杰克经常帮助我们学英语.3、Thenshepersuadedmetobuyone.然后她还说服了我也买了一辆山地车.persuade.todo=odoing说月艮某人做某事persuade.nottodo=persuade.outofdoing说月艮某人不要做某事Iad