必修五 未来的生活（reading、语法和阅读练习）教案1

1、.适用学科高中英语适用年级高二适用区域人教新课标版课时时长分钟2课时知识点过去分词做状语教学目的1、知识：学习过去分词如何作状语，并可以实际运用。2、方法：分析和理解文章中长难句以及高级句式，并学习仿写。3、才能：阅读和分析与将来生活、科幻有关的文章。教学重点过去分词作状语和动词不定式、如今分词作状语的区别教学难点理解将来生活变化、将来科技的开展以及联络现实进展写作。教学过程一、导入教学建议：导入有很多种方法，一般控制在十分钟左右为宜，可以采用各种形式，比如：1、直接导入法。2、复习以往知识：可以从已学、已知的入手，与今天的教学进行对比。3、课前小测：可以针对学生学校里近期讲授的内容进行出题（

2、以简单题和中档题为主，以10分钟左右为宜）进行测验，也可以针对基础知识进行复习提问，检查学生学校所学内容的掌握程度，进而展开教学。4、以近年来发生的重大事件为题导入。既考查了学生从社会生活中获取信息的能力，又激发了学生的学习兴趣，让学生马上进入学习状态等。以上的导入方法只是建议，大家选择其中一种或两种进行交叉使用即可。复习： 1、单词和词组默写：1private adj.私人的、个人的；私下的；保密的2settlement n.定居点C ；解决纷争的协议C；解决，处理U3impression n.印；印痕；印记；印象；意念；概念4remind v. 提醒；使想起5previous adj.先前

3、的；事前的；以前的6lack vt.缺乏；没有 n.缺乏；短缺的东西7require v.需要；要求；命令8assist vt./vi帮助；援助；参与；出席9take up 从事；占时间、空间、注意力等；继续10be similar to 与相似11lose sight of/ catch sight of 不再看见./瞥见12sweep up清扫；横扫2、上节课课后作业检查和订正二、知识讲解知识点1 reading中重点句子分析知识点1 1 What problems do you think people in the future will have overcome? 你认为将来的人们

4、将抑制什么问题?【句法分析】此句为复杂疑问句，其句式构造为：疑问词+do you think+其余部分其余部分为陈述语序,do you think 为插入成分。能用于此句型的动词有：think, believe, suppose, imagine, suggest, expect等。【典型例句】Who do you think is the tallest in your class?你认为在你们班谁最高？What do you believe matters when we take up the work?你认为我们从事这项工作什么东西最要紧？【注意】假如此句型的动词后面的从句里有否认意义

5、，往往要把否认前置。如：I dont think its right to do so我想这样做是不对的。该句型变反意疑问句，主句主语是第一人称且是如今时态时，反问部分与从句一致，否那么与主句一致。如:I think that he has been to Beijing, hasnt he?He thinks that their team is sure to win the game, doesnt he?【练习】汉译英你觉得我们什么时候见面好？_我想他们马上就到。_Keys: when do you think is convenient for us to have a meetin

6、g?I believe they will arrive shortly. 2 This is similar to the “jet lag you get when flying,这与你在飞行过程中的时差反响是相类似的。【句法分析】When flying是when you are flying的省略形式。在有些表时间、条件、方式或让步的从句中，假如谓语包含有动词be，主语又和主句的主语一致，或者主语是it，就常常可以把从句中的主语和be动词省略。【典型例句】 When asked where the toilet is, the waitress showed the way polite

7、ly to the guest.当被问及厕所在哪时，效劳员非常有礼貌地给客人带路。 Until finishing the homework, the child was allowed to watch the cartoon film.直至完成作业，小孩才允许看卡通片。 If necessary, you can call help from the police.有必要时，你可以求助警察局。【练习】汉译英即使被打致死，他仍然保守机密。_过马路时，孩子们被要求停下观望再手牵手通过。_Keys:Though beaten to death, he still kept the secret.

8、 When crossing the road, the children are required to stop to look around and walk hand in hand.考点/易错点 2文章句子：The air seemed thin, as though its combination of gases had little oxygen left.【考点】as though= as if “好似、似乎，引导方式状语从句或表语从句。引导状语从句时，其谓语动词常用虚拟语气。【典型例句】 The kitchen smells as if something is burni

9、ng. 厨房里闻起来好似有什么东西烧着了。 He talked as if he had known the secret. 他谈起来就像他早道了这个机密。【练习】She had a tense expression on her face, _ she were expecting trouble.A. even though B. as though C. even as D. now thatKey: B【翻译】他很爱说大话，就好似他是一位重要人物似的。_Key: He likes to talk big as if he were an important person.考点/易错点3

10、文章句子：As a result, I suffered from “time lag.【考点】suffer from患有疾病等，为受苦，因而吃苦头【典型例句】 The village is suffering from depopulation. 那座村庄正为人口减少二深感苦恼。 The company is suffering from a shortage of skilled staff. 这家公司苦于缺乏纯熟员工。【练习】_ heart problems for more than four years, he couldnt _ the expedition to photogra

11、ph wild animals in Africa. A. Having suffered from; join B. Having been suffered from; join in C. Suffered from; join D. Suffering from; join in Key: A【翻译】数以千计的人患上了一种怪病。_Key: Thousands of peoplesufferedfroma strange disease.知识点2 重点语法讲解：过去分词作状语分析以下例句：Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the

12、 first few days.Well-known for their expertise, his parents company won the bid.Confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air.Exhausted, I slid into the bed and fell fast asleep.过去分词作状语时，说明动作发生的背景或情况，其等同于一个状语从句。及物过去分词作状语时与主句主语构成被动关系，表示被动和完成，不及物过去分词表示状态或动作的完成。又如：The professor c

13、ame in, followed by a group of young people.1 作原因状语，等于as / since / because 引导从句Moved by what she said, we couldnt help crying. = As we are moved by what she said 2 作时间状语，等于when 引导时间从句，假如分词表示的动作与谓语的动作同时发生，可在分词前加when/ while / until 等使时间意义更明确。When heated, water can be changed into steam.Seen from the h

14、ill, the park looks very beautiful. = When the park is seen from the hill3 作条件状语等于 if /whether 引导从句 Given more attention, the cabbages could have grown better = If they have been given more attention .Compared with you, we still have a long way to go=If we are compared with you 4 作方式或伴随状语The actress

15、 came in, followed by her fans.She sat by the window, lost in thought.5 作让步状语Much tired, he still kept on working .Although he was tired6 独立主格构造:当分词的逻辑主语不是主句主语时，分词可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种构造称为独立主格构造。常用来表示伴随情况。The boy rushed into the classroom, his face covered with sweat.All things considered, your article is

16、 of great value than hers.如今分词与过去分词作状语的区别如今分词作状语时，与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系；而过去分词与其逻辑主语之间那么表示被动关系。Seeing these pictures, I couldnt help thinking of those days when I was in Beijing. Seen from the top of a thirty-storeyed building, Beijing looks more magnificent. 选择如今分词还是过去分词，关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是主句的主语发出，分词就选用如今分词，反之

17、就用过去分词。例如：Used for a long time, the book looks old. 由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。Using the book, I find it useful. 在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用【注意】1. 表示主语所处的状态Lost in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. Dressed in white, she looks more beautiful.be lost in be dressed inbe interested inbe devoted to be su

18、pposed tobe caught in the rainbe seated inbe prepared forbe determined to2.不与主语保持一致的固定构造generally speaking一般说来strictly/ frankly speaking 严格地说/坦白地说judging from 从判断all things considered 从整体来看taking all things into consideration全面看来例如：Judging from his face, he must be ill.从他的脸色看，他一定是病了。Generally speaki

19、ng, dogs can run faster than pigs. 总的来说，狗比猪跑得快。speaking 不是dogs的动作三、例题精析教学建议说明：此处内容主要用于教师课堂的精讲，每个题目结合试题本身、答案和解析部分。例题1【题干】_inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.A.DressedB.TodressC.DressingD.Havingdressed【答案】A【解析】he与dress是被动关系，要用过去分词作原因状语，Dressedin=As heisdressedin例题2【题干】He stood there, his

20、hands_ behind.A.tyingB.tiedC.were tyingD.were tied【答案】B【解析】“名词或代词+过去分词作为独立主格构造作状语。名词/代词与过去分词构成逻辑上的被动关系。D项干扰性最强，但是假设选D项，题干为两个独立的简单句，缺少连词，可把句子改为He stood there and his hands were tied behind。解题时，弄清楚名词与分词之间的逻辑关系。例题3【题干】_in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.A. LosingB. Having lostC. Los

21、tD. To lose【答案】C【解析】lost in thought是一个过去分词短语，表示“陷入沉思，他几乎撞上了他前面的车。例题4【题干】Cleaning women in big cities usually get _by the hourA. pay B. payingC. paidD. to pay【答案】C【解析】此题主要考察动词get的用法，get为系动词，相当于be。句意为：大城市的清洁女工经常是按小时付酬。例题5【题干】_twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we changed our dog.

22、A. Being bittenB. BittenC. Having bittenD. to be bitten【答案】B【解析】由句意看出，应使用过去分词作原因状语，其用法相当于because he had been bitten twice。四 、课堂运用教学建议说明：在对课堂知识讲解完，把握了重点突破了难点以及练习精讲了之后，再用练习进行课堂巩固或检测，根据学生情况建议分3个难度层次：易，中，难。基础仿写Example: United we stand, divided we fall. If we are united, we will stand, but if we are divi

23、ded, we will fall.1.Asked what had happened, he told us about it._2. Well known for his expert advice, he received many invitations to give lectures._3. Given more time, we would be able to do the work much better._4. Once translated into Chinese, the book became very popular among Chinese teenagers

24、._5.Deeply interested in medicine, she decided to become a doctor._【答案】1.When he was asked what had happened, 2.Because he was well known for his expert advice, 3.If we were given more time,4.Once it was translated into Chinese,5.Because she was deeply interested in medicine,用词语的适当形式填空6._by noises i

25、n the night, the girl no longer dared to sleep in her room.frighten7. The lady returned home, _by two policemen.follow8. After having been _ carefully, the room was locked again.examine9. _in 1949, the exhibition hall is over 50 years old.build10. _from a distance, the Opera House looks like ship sa

26、ils.see【答案】与【解析】6.frightened，与“the girl主语是被动关系。7.followed，与“the lady主语是被动关系。8.examined，与“the room主语是被动关系。9. built，与“the exhibition主语是被动关系。10.seen，与“the Opera House主语是被动关系。巩固11._with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. A. FacedB. FaceC. FacingD. To face【答案】A【解析】如今分词短语faced with s

27、o much trouble可转换成原因状语12._for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. A. BlamingB. BlamedC. To blameD. To be blamed【答案】B【解析】如今分词短语blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network可转换成原因状语从句because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network。1

28、3. _time, hell make a first-class tennis player.A. Having givenB. To giveC. GivingD. Given【答案】D【解析】give 与其逻辑主语 he 是动宾关系，用过去分词，应选 D。分词短语 Given time 可转换成条件状语从句 If he is given time。14. No matter how frequently _, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.A. performedB. performingC.

29、 to be performedD. being performed【答案】A【解析】如今分词短语performed在此相当于they are performed。No matter how frequently they are performed的意思是“无论它们指贝多芬的作品被演奏多少次。15. When _different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.A. comparedB. being compared C. comp

30、aringD. having compared【答案】C【解析】分词短语when comparing different cultures相当于时间状语从句when we compare different cultures。拔高16.工作做完后，他就回家了。_17.他的车坏了，所以只好走路。_18.她很沮丧，搬到了伦敦。_19.假如多给点时间，我们可以做得更好。_20.虽然被击败了，他仍是一个受欢送的拳击手。_【答案】16.The work finished, he went home.17.His car broken down, he had to walk.18.Much discou

31、raged, she moved on to London.19.Given more time, we could have done it better.20.Defeated, he remained a popular boxer.阅读练习Man is a land animal, but he is also closely tied to the sea. Throughout history the sea has served the needs of man. The sea has provided man with food and convenient way to t

32、ravel to many parts of the world. Today, experts say that nearly two-thirds of the worlds population lives within eighty kilometres of the seacoast. In the modern technological world the sea offers many resources to help mankind live on. Resources on land are beginning to grow less. The sea, however

33、, still offers hope to supply many of the mans needs. The riches of the sea yet to be developed by mans technology are impressive. Oil and gas exploration have existed for nearly thirty years. Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron, copper 铜and so on exist on the ocean floor, ready to be mined. F

34、ish farming promises to be a good way to produce large quantities of food. The culture of fish and shellfish is an ancient skill practised in the past mainly by Oriental东方的peoples.Besides oil and gas, the sea may offer new sources of energy. Experts believe that the warm temperature of the ocean can

35、 be used in a way similar to the steam in a steamship. Ocean currents and waves offer possible use as a source of energy such as hydroelectric 水力电气的 power. Technology is enabling man to explore even deeper under the sea. The new undersea technology is providing divers with diving suits and undersea

36、chambers房屋that are kept at sea level pressure. The development of strong, new materials has made this possible. The technology to harvest the sea continues to improve. By the year 2019, experts believe that the problems to exploit the food, minerals, and energy sources of the sea will be largely sol

37、ved. 1. Whats the main idea of the first paragraph? A. Although man is a land animal, he is closely connected with the sea. B. In ancient times, the sea has served the needs of the man. C. The sea has provided man with food and convenient way to travel. D. Today, nearly two-thirds of the worlds popu

38、lation lives within eight kilometres of the seacoast. 【答案】A【解析】第一段第一句是该段的中心句，后面进一步告诉我们海洋为人类提供需求由来已久。2. From the passage, we know man continues to improve technology for exploring the sea because _. A. man wants to live in the ocean rather than on land B. it is more interesting to dive into the sea t

39、o travel than on land C. resources on land are growing less and the sea can offer a lot to help mankind live on D. it is possible for man to live on the ocean floor in the near future【答案】 C【解析】由第二段可知，人类继续探究海洋是因为陆地上的资源正在变得匮乏。3. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. The riches of the sea,

40、such as oil and gas, have been explored. B. Besides oil, gas and fish farming, the sea may offer new sources of energy. C. New technology can help man to explore even deeper under the sea. D. By the year 2019, the problems to exploit the food, minerals, and energy sources of the sea will be complete

41、ly solved. 【答案】D【解析】由最后一段最后一句可知，选项D的表述是错误的，其他选项文章都提到了。4. The underlined word “harvest in the last paragraph means to _. A. develop B. exploit C. improve D. gather 【答案】B【解析】全文都在讲海洋的开发，四个词中只有的意思符合文义，exploit的意思是“开拓，开发。课堂小结教学建议说明：教师对本节课应掌握的知识作一个小结，将本堂课应掌握的内容做一个概要陈述。本节课的重点句型是：1.What problems do you think

42、 people in the future will have overcome? 插入成分2.This is similar to the “jet lag you get when flying,省略3. as though方式状语从句4. suffer from患有，为受苦，因而吃苦头5. 过去分词作状语6. 如今分词与过去分词作状语的区别通过本节课的学习，学生应该掌握以上重点，并且学会如何用过去分词作状语。课后需要通过大量的练习来稳固课上所学的知识，真正做到学以致用。课后作业教学建议说明：讲解完本章的知识点，布置课后作业，让学生巩固知识，建议也分三个层次，每个层次3-5题基础1. Th

43、e Olympic Games, _in 776 B.C. did not include women players until 1912. A. first played B. to be first played C. first playing D. to be first playing【答案】A【解析】play与The Olympic Games构成动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动。2. Did you attend the meeting _ yesterday? A. to be held B. having been held C. held D. being held【答案】

44、C【解析】hold与the meeting构成动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动。3. I borrowed a book _ by Mark Twain from the library last week. I like it very much.A. written B. writing C. was written D. to write【答案】A【解析】write与book构成动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动。4.The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table _ already for a meal to be cooked.

45、 A. laid B. laying C. to lay D. being laid【答案】A【解析】lay与a dining table构成动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动。5.John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work_, he gladly accepted it.A. finished B. finishing C. having finished D. was finished【答案】A【解析】根据题意，可知finish与his work构成动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动。6. From the dates _ on

46、 the gold coin, it is confirmed that it was made five hundred years ago. A. marking B. marked C. to be marked D. having been marked【答案】B【解析】mark与date构成动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动。7. Hearing the_ news, we all felt_.A. encouraging; encouraging B. encouraged; encouraged C. encouraged; encouraging D. encouraging; e

47、ncouraged【答案】D【解析】encouraging修饰事物，意为“令人鼓舞的；encouraged修饰人，意为“鼓舞的。8. As is known to us all, traveling is_, but we often feel_ when we are back from travels. A. interesting; tired B. interested; tiring. C. interesting; tiring D. interested; tired【答案】A【解析】第一空 traveling为主语可知用interesting“令人感兴趣的；第二空为主语可知用t

48、ried“感到疲倦的。9. Cleaning women in big cities usually get _ by the hour.A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay【答案】C 【解析】该题考察分词作表语的用法。“to pay sb. by the hour 计时给某人报酬。此题被动构造作表语。类似的有：get burnt, get hurt , get wounded.10. The disc, digitally _ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.A. recorde

49、d B. recordingC. to be recorded D. having recorded 【答案】A【解析】此处考察过去分词作后置定语，disc与record之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表示。巩固1. Dont use words, expressions, or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been knownC. to be known D. known【答案】D【解析】know与words, expressions, phrases构成动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动。2.With nothing _ to burn, the fire became weak and finally died out.A. leaving B. left C. leave D. to leave【答案】B【解析】leave与nothing构成动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动。