人教版教材分析必修一(共22页)

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上 Unit 1 Friendship重点词汇 1. upset adj. 心烦意乱的，不安的；不适的 vt. (upset, upset)典例 1). Our arrangements for the weekend were upset by her visit. 她一来把我们周末的安排给打乱了。2). Dont upset yourself - no harm has been done. 不要难过-并没有造成伤害。3). He was horribly upset over her illness. 他为她的病而忧心忡忡。4). The students rea

2、lly upset her. 学生们着实让她烦恼。重点用法be upset by 被 打乱upset oneself about sth 为某事烦恼练习 用upset的适当形式填空1). Is it _ you, dear? 2). She felt rather _ on hearing the news. 3). Is it an _ message?4). Dont be _. It will be OK.答案: 1). upsetting2). upset3). upsetting4).upset2. concern v. 担忧; 涉及; 关系到 n. 担心，关注；（利害）关系典例 1

3、). The news concerns your brother. 这消息与你兄弟有关。2). The boys poor health concerned his parents. 那男孩健康状况不佳,使他的父母亲忧虑。3). Thats no concern of mine. 那不关我的事。重点用法as / so far as be concerned 关于；至于；就而言be concerned about 关心be concerned at / over sth. 为某事忧虑be concerned in sth. 牵涉到，与有关，参与练习 用concern的适当形式填空1). The

4、re is an article that _ the rise of the prices. 2). The children are rather _ about their mothers health. 3). Officials should _ themselves _ public affairs. 答案: 1). concerns 2). concerned 3). concern with3. settle vt. 安家；定居；停留 vt. 使定居，安家；解决典例 1). He settled his child in a corner of the compartment.

5、 他把孩子安顿在车厢的一个角落里。2). The family has settled in Canada. 这家人已定居加拿大。3). Both wanted to settle their scores. 双方都愿意捐弃前嫌。重点用法settle down 镇定下来 settle in 在定居练习 中译英1). 都十一点了，她安不下心来工作。2). 题目这么难，谁能解决？答案: 1). Its eleven oclock now, but she cannot settle to work. 2). Since it is so difficult, who can settle this

6、 problem?4. suffer vt.& vi.遭受；忍受；经历典例 1). Do you suffer from headaches? 你常头痛吗? 2). Shes suffering from loss of memory. 她患有遗忘症。重点用法suffer from/with/for sth 感到疼痛 不适 悲伤等; 受苦; 吃苦头:练习 中译英1).我们在金融危机中损失惨重。2).他的脚痛得不得了。答案: 1). We suffered huge losses in the financial crisis. 2). He suffers terribly with his

7、feet.5. disagree vt. 不同意典例 1). Even friends sometimes disagree with each other. 即便是朋友也有时意见不一。2). We disagreed on future plans. 我们对未来的计划产生了分歧。重点用法disagree with sb/what sb says/sbs decision 不同意某人的观点某人的话/某人的决定练习 中译英1). 罗马的报道与米兰的不符。2). 他不同意让我早些回家。Key: 1). The reports from Rome disagree with those from M

8、ilan.2). He disagreed to let me go home early.重点词组 1. add up 加起来典例 1). Add up your scores and see how many points you can get. 把你的得分加起来，看看你能得几分。2). Tom, what do ten, twenty and five add up to?汤姆，10，20和5加起来是多少？短语归纳add () to . （把什么）加入中 add up to 加起来是练习 用add的适当形式或构成的词组填空1). Will you _ some more student

9、s to this project? 2). Small numbers _ a large one. 3). 50 _ 50 equals 100. 答案: 1). add 2). add up to 3). added2. go through 经历；经受典例 1). The country has gone through too many wars. 这个国家经历了太多的战争。2). Shes been through a bad patch recently. 她最近经历了一段困难时期。短语归纳go after追求，追赶go ahead前进；请说（做）吧go by走过，（时间）过去g

10、o along with向前，（与）一起去go in for爱好，从事 go out外出；（灯，火）熄灭go over越过；复习 go up爬上，（价格等）上升练习 用go 构成的词组填空1). It is wise not to _ with this plan.2). Prices _ a little now. People are happy.3). Anyway, dont always_ at night by yourself.4). I am tired. I want to _ now.答案: 1). go on with 2). go up 3). go home 4).

11、go to bed 3.on purpose 故意，有目的地典例 The boy broke Jacks window on purpose. He wanted to frighten Jack. 那男孩是故意打破杰克的窗玻璃的，他想吓一下杰克。短语归纳do sth. on purpose: 故意做某事on purpose 表示故意地、有企图、有目的地练习用 purpose的相关词汇填空1). He didnt do it _. 2). What was your _ ?答案: 1). on purpose2). purpose4. get along with 与某人相处；(工作的) 进展

12、典例1). He is not easy-going. Its very hard to get along with him 他不是个随和的人，很难相处。2). How are you getting along with your work? 工作进展如何？短语归纳get along/on well/ nicely/ badly with 与相处得好/不好，进展顺利/不顺利get away离开，逃离get down下来；写下，取下get down to (doing)开始认真干get over克服，摆脱get through通过，做完 get together聚集练习 中译英1). 你现在

13、和同事相处得好不好? 2). 她已重新获得从前那份工作。答案: 1). Are you getting along well with your colleagues? 2). Shes got her old job back.6. in order to 为了（可置于句首或句中）典例 1). She arrived early in order to get a good seat. 她到得很早, 图的是得个好座位。2). I agreed to her suggestion in order not to upset her. 我同意她的建议是为了不让她伤心。短语归纳 in order

14、that以便（后跟句子）so that以便（后跟句子）so as to为了（只能置于句中，不能置于句首）练习 中译英1 他早早动身好按时到达。 2 她拼命干以便能到6点时把一切都准备好。答案: 1He left early in order to/so as to/in order that/so that he should/would/might arrive on time. 2. In order to get everything ready by 6 oclock, she worked hard.词语辨析 1. ignore / neglect / overlook 【解释】ig

15、nore 通常指有意不顾，或不理会显而易见的事物。neglect 侧重指有意的忽略或忽视，也可指粗心与疏忽。overlook 指因匆忙而疏忽或视而不见。 【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1We could not afford to _ such a serious offence.2). He utterly _ my warnings and met with an accident.3). Dont _ paying him a visit now and then.答案: 1). overlooked2). ignored 3). neglect2. cheat / fool

16、【解释】cheat 主要指盈利的买卖中或游戏竞赛中欺骗人，骗取人的钱等。fool “愚弄”，指利用人缺乏常识，心理脆弱来欺骗人。【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). You may get _ in that shop.2). He cant _ her. She sees through him every time.答案:1). cheated2). fool3. calm / quiet / silent / still【解释】calm 天气、水、水面（表风平浪静）；（指人时）表示镇定自如。quiet 表“宁静”、“安静”、“寂静”，侧重没有响声，没有噪音和没有动静。指人时侧

17、重性格温和，文静。silent 表“沉默”、“不发言”、“不说话”，常常表示人不爱说话，沉默无语。still “不动的”，指人时侧重一动不动，；指物时指完全没有声音，突出静止不动。【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). Please stand _ while I take your photo.2). Why do you keep _?3). Everything was _.4). He remained _ in the face of the enemy.答案: 1). still2). silent3). quiet4). calm4. join / join in /

18、take part in / attend【解释】join 表示参加组织、党派、团体、军队、俱乐部等join in 表示参加游戏、活动等；join sb. (in sth.) 表（和某人一起）做某事take part in表示参与、参加讨论、游行、比赛、战斗、斗争、运动、庆祝等attend 主要指出席、参加会议、婚礼；听讲座、课、报告、音乐会等；上学、教堂【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). Can I _ the game?2). Did you _ the fighting?3). He _ the army last year.4). A lot of people _ he

19、r wedding.答案: 1). join in2). take part in3). joined 4）attendedUnit 2I词语辨析 1. voyage/journey/travel/trip/tour【解释】voyage: 去国外或较远地方的海上旅行journey: 指较远的从一地到另一地旅行travel: 一系列的旅程，尤指旅行的概念trip: (短途)旅行tour: 为了公务、娱乐或教育参观多处名胜的旅行【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). It is tiring to take a long _ by train from Paris to Moscow.2

20、). The _ from England to Australia used to take several months.3). Well have time for a _ to France next weekend.4). We went on a guided _ round the castle.答案:1). journey 2). voyage 3). trip 4). tour1. recognize/realize/know(1)recognize 指原来很熟悉，经过一段时间的间隔或别的原因后又重新认出来。(2)realize 强调在经过一个过程后的了解。(3)know 是

21、延续性动词，指互相间十分熟悉、十分了解应用1(1)Only after you lose your health will you _ the importance of health.(2)Ive _ Tom for years.(3)I _ him as soon as he came into the room2. frequent/common/ordinary/general/regular【解释】frequent经常的，时间或间歇很短的发生或出现common 通常的、常发生的、广泛使用或众所周知的ordinary指种类普通且不能从其他中加以区别的，有时含贬义general一般性的，

22、到处的；不限于领域、地区或应用regular平常的；惯例的；习惯性的、通常的或正常的【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). This is a _ problem.2). He often makes _ errors of judgment.3)Look at the trains _ schedule.4)The violinist gave a very _ performance marked by an occasional memory lapse.5)As a _ rule I am home by six.答案:1). common2). frequent 3). r

23、egular 4). ordinary 5). general2. such as/for example/that is/and so on(1)such as 用于列举事物时常放在所列举事物与前面的名词之间，且其后不用逗号，直接跟所列举的事物，可与 like互换。它所列举的事物的数量不能等同于前面所提的事物的总和，否则就用 that is或 namely。(2)for example 主要用于举例说明，其前后多用符号隔开。其位置比较灵活，可位于句首、句中或句末(such as只能位于所列举的事物之前)。(3)that is 相当于 namely，它所列举的事物的总量等于前面所提到的事物的总

24、和。(4)and so on 对几个事物进行列举时，在说了其中的几个以后，用.and so on进行概括，说明还有例子，但不一一列出了。应用2(1)My daughter studies four subjects in school, _， Chinese, maths, English and PE.(2)Overcooking, _， destroys many nutrients.(3)He can speak some other languages, _ French and German.(4)There are some books, pens, erasers _ in my

25、 bag.3. especially/ specially【解释】especially意思是“尤其，特别”，表达事物的不寻常或特别重要specially 指为了某一目的，专门做某事【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). Our city is very beautiful, _ in spring. 我们城市很美丽，尤其在春天。2). He came here _ to ask you for help. 他是专程来这里向你求助的。答案: 1). especially 2). specially 4 a number of / the number of【解释】a number of

26、意思是“若干；许多”the number of意思是“的数目”【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). Today _ people learning Chinese in the world is raising rapidly.2). _ books in the market are in English.答案: 1). the number of 2). A number of重点词汇1. present n. 礼物adj. 在场的；目前的vt. 赠送 典例 1). The mountain bike is a birthday present from my parents.

27、这辆山地自行车是父母给我的生日礼物。2). I am afraid I cant help you at present. 恐怕现在我没法帮助你。3). In the present case, I advise you to wait. 按照目前的情况，我建议你等等。 重点用法at present=at the present time=now 目前，现在be present at 出席；到场(反义： be absent from)present sb.with sth = present sth. to sb.把某物送给某人1 All the people _ (出席晚会的)were he

28、r supporters.练习 中译英1). 所有（那些）在场者一眼就看出那个错误。2). 这本书是哥哥赠送给我的。答案: 1). The mistake was obvious to all (those) present. 2). This book was a present from my brother.2. command n.& v. 命令；指令；掌握1). The officer commanded his soldiers to fire. 那名军官命令士兵们开火。重点用法 command sb. to do sth 命令某人做某事 be under the command

29、of 由指挥,由控制be in command of 控制 be at ones command 听任某人支配have / take command of 指挥特别提醒 command后接that从句时要用虚拟语气练习 用适当的介词填空1). For the first time in years, she felt _ command of her life.2). The army is _ the kings direct command.3). The police arrived and took command _ the situation.答案: 1). in 2). unde

30、r 3). of3. request n.& v. 请求；要求典例 1). Your requests will be granted. 你的请求能够获准。. 2). I requested him to help. 我请求他帮忙。重点用法request sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事request that sb (should) do 要求某人做某事 He requested me _ (write) a letter of recommendation. He requested that I _(write) a letter of recommendation. The p

31、assengers _(request) to show their passports. 练习 中译英。1). 我是（特别）应你要求而来。 2). 请不要吸烟。答案: 1). I came at your (special) request.2). You are (kindly) requested not to smoke.扩展=联想：像command一样，其后的名词性从句的谓语用“(should)+ 动词原形”的常用词有：一个“坚持(insist)”；两个“命令(order，command)”；三个“建议(suggest，advise，propose)”；四个“要求(demand，as

32、k，require，request)”；4. recognize vt. 辨认出；承认；公认典例 1). I recognized her by her red hat. 我根据她的红色帽子认出了她。2). Everyone recognized him to be the lawful heir/as the lawful heir. 大家都承认他为合法继承人。重点用法recognizeby sth 认出或识别某人/某事物 recognizeas sth 承认某人/某事物是recognizeto be承认是 recognize +宾语从句 意识到；承认I recognize him_. (他

33、是个聪明人).Though they hadnt met for many years，they _ (认出了对方)at the first sight.练习 中译英 1). 人们都承认他是他们理所当然的领袖。2). 我认出他是我朋友的哥哥。答案: 1). He is recognized to be their natural leader.2). I recognized him as my friends brother.5. straight adj.笔直的；正直的 adv. 直接；挺直典例 1). This is a straight road. 这是一条直路。2). She wen

34、t straight from school to university. 她中学一毕业就马上进了大学。练习 中译英1).我的领带系得正不正?2). 一直往前看。答案: 1). Is my tie straight? 2). Look straight ahead. 6. block vt. 堵塞；阻碍n. 街区；木块；石块典例 1). He lives three blocks away from here. 他住的地方与此处相隔三条街. 2). A large crowd blocked the corridors and exits. 人群把走廊和出口都堵死了重点用法a block of

35、 一大块 block out 堵住 block off 封锁；封闭 block up 堵塞；阻碍练习 中译英1). 他们在绕楼群散步。2). 大雪阻塞了所有通往苏格兰的道路。答案:1). They are taking a walk round the block. 2). Heavy snow is blocking all roads into Scotland.7、actually adv. 实际上；事实上相近词汇：in factas a matter of fact8gradual adj.逐渐的，逐步的gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地9.native adj. 本地的，出生

36、地的；天赋的n. 本地人；出生于某国的人be native to.原产于某地ones native country/land本国，祖国native place出生地ones native language本国语，本族语，母语a native of当地人/产于的动/植物即学即练1(1)China is our _， and Chinese is our _.中国是我们的祖国，汉语是我们的母语。(2)The tiger _ India.这种虎产于印度。(3)He is _ Beijing.他是北京人。答案.native country; native language；is native to；a

37、 native of重点词组 e up走近；上来；提出典例 1). The little came up to the stranger and showed him how to get to the police station. 小男孩向陌生人走去，并告诉他去警察局的路。3). It is certain that the question will come up at the meeting. 这个问题在会议上一定会被提出来的。5). I am afraid something urgent has come up. 恐怕发生了什么急事。短语归纳come across邂逅 come

38、about发生 come at向扑来,攻击come from 来自come out 出版;开花；结果是come up with想出come round 绕道而来 come down落下,塌下练习 用come构成的词组填空。1). The hunter walked across the forest when suddenly a bear _ him. 2). The magazine _ once a month.3). I wish you can _ to England on your holiday.4). The engineers has _ new ways of savin

39、g energy.5). They _ an old school friend in the street this morning.答案: 1). came at 2). comes out 3). come over4). come up with5). came across2. make use of 利用；使用典例 1). You ought to make good use of any opportunity to practise English. 你应该好好利用机会练习英语。短语归纳make good use of 好好利用make full use of 充分利用 mak

40、e the best/most of 充分利用练习1). 要充分利用一切机会说英语。2). 我们要很好地发挥她的才能。答案: 1). Make full use of every chance you have to speak English. 2). We will make good use of her talents.3. such as例如；像这种的1). Such poets as Keats and Shelley wrote Romantic poetry. 有些诗人, 如济慈和雪莱, 写的是浪漫主义的诗歌2). Wild flowers such as orchids an

41、d primroses are becoming rare. 兰花和报春花之类的野花越来越少了练习 用such as或for example填空1). I like drinks _ tea and soda.2). The report is incomplete; it doesnt include sales in France, _.答案: 1) such as2). For example4. play a part (in) 扮演一个角色；参与典例 1). She plays an active part in local politics. 她积极参与地方政治活动。2). She

42、 played a major part in the success of the scheme. 她对该计划的成功起了重要作用。短语归纳take part (in sth)参加, 参与（某事物 for the most part 整体上; 通常; 多半the best part of sth（某事物的）绝大部分（尤指一段时间） for my part就我来说练习 中译英1). 有多少国家要参加（世界杯赛）？2). 对我来说, 到哪儿吃饭都无所谓。答案: 1). How many countries will be taking part (in the World Cup)? 2). Fo

43、r my part, I dont mind where we eat.6. because of 因为；由于典例1). They are here because of us. 他们是因为我们来这里的。短语归纳because of 是复合介词。because 是从属连词，引导原因状语从句。练习 He came late to school again _ he got up too late. The girl cried _ what the teacher said. we have to cancel our trip _ the bad weather.7. base on 以为基础

44、e.g The movie is based on facts 7ever before 从前 8even if/though 即使9be based on 以为基础 10over time 长期以来11in the early days 在早期 12the same as 相同于13. Believe it or not信不信由你14. a number of N. 许多,大量. 作主语时, 谓语用复数. the number of N. 的数量. 作主语时, 谓语用单数 Eg A number of people have read this novel. The number of pe

45、ople here is 50. Unit 3词汇要点1.determine vt.决定，决心，确定，测定Determination n. 决心，毅力 determined adj. 坚毅的，下决心的 decide同义 v.决定典型用法 be determined to do sth She is a girl of great _ (determine). He is determined _ (face) out the situation. There is a _ (determine) look on his face.2.similar adj. 类似的，相似的Similarly

46、adv. 类似地；同样地 Similarity n.类似；(可数)相似之处be similar to搭配类似于,与相似 the same .as.近义与相同（1）My opinion is _ yours. The _ between them has often been remarked on. Our bodies are strengthened by taking exercise. _，our minds are developed by learning. 3.organize v.组织organization n.组织，机构 organizer n.组织者 organized

47、adj. 有组织的 The _ (organize) of such a large-scale party takes a lot of time and energy. The _(organize) think of various ways to amuse the athletes. I will take part in an _ (organize) activity to improve the condition of disadvantaged people in society.4.surprise vt.使惊奇，使诧异n. 惊奇，诧异Surprised adj. 感到惊

48、讶的 surprising adj. 令人惊讶的surprisedly adv. 惊奇地，惊讶地 surprisingly adv. 令人感到惊奇地典型的用法是：be surprised at 对感到惊讶 to one,s surprise (=surprisingly) 令人感到惊奇地是(1) Everybody here was _ （surprise） the news.(2) I was _ (surprise) the change in him.(3) _ (surprise)，he was so frank that he told me all of his secrets.5

49、.transport n.& v.运送；运输派生：transportation n.运输；交通工具 那辆黄色公共汽车将乘客从机场运送到城里。The yellow bus_from the airport to the city. 那些物品将用飞机运往青海玉树。The goods _ by plane to Yu Shu，Qinghai Province.答案：will transport the passengers ； will be transported6.persuade vt.说服，劝说persuade sb. to do 说服/劝服某人去做persuade sb. into doi

50、ng 说服/劝服某人去做persuade sb. out of doing说服/劝服某人不做注意：劝而不服则要用advise sb.to do sth.或者try to persuade sb.to do sth.。 我们劝李老师戒烟，他不再抽烟啦!_，and he never smoked at last. 我们劝王老师戒烟，可他不戒。_，but he didnt.答案：We persuaded Mr. Li to stop smoking We advised Mr.Wang to stop smoking/We tried.to persuade Mr.Wang to stop smok

51、ing7.graduate v.毕业 n.大学毕业生 派生：graduation n.毕业 短语：graduate from 毕业于(1)After _ (graduate)，what are you going to do?(2)My sister graduated _ Beijing University _ 1982.（填借此）(3) He is _ graduate of Oxford. （填冠词）8.care vi.关心；介意 n.关心；照顾care about (to be worried about/concerned with)忧虑；担心；惦念care for(=like，love)喜欢 take care of(=look after)照料；照顾take care 小心；提防派生：careful adj.细心的 carefully adv.细心地 carefulness n.细心 carelessly