河南省郑州市2020届高三英语第一次质量预测试题(含解析)

1、河南省郑州市2020届高中毕业年级第一次质量预测英语本试卷分四部分。考试时间120分钟，满分150分（听力成绩算作参考分）。考 生应首先阅读答题卡上的文字信息，然后在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上作答无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷 上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来 回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1 .（力）【音频When

2、will the film begin?A. At 7:00. B. At 7:15. C. At 7:20.【答案】C【解析】略2 .CjelSUWhere does the woman want to go for a holiday?A. Canada. B. Turkey. C. Italy.【答案】B【解析】略3 .（旬（音频二How are they going to the airport to see Thomas and Lily off?A. By car. B. By subway. C. By bus.【答案】A【解析】略4 .（明）（音频Why can' t

3、the woman play her records?A. She s left them in the caf e .B. She can ' t find them anywhere.C. She' s broken them by accident.【答案】C【解析】略5. （力）（音频Who enjoys armchair traveling?A. The man ' s mother. B. The man ' s father. C. The woman ' s mother. 【答案】C【解析】略第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22

4、.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、BC三个选项中选出最佳选项，标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将 有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。 每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。区HT频口6. How does the man like the campus housing?A. Not too bad. B. Very comfortable. C. Quite good.7. What don ' t students have to pay?A. Education fees.

5、B. State tax. C. The first monthly rent.8. What can we learn about the man from the conversation?A. He will leave the city for the summer.B. He can surely find a cheap apartment.C. He will have a find a new apartment.【答案】6. A 7. B 8. C【解析】略【6题详解】略【7题详解】略【8题详解】略听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。质T音频口9. Why is the wom

6、an upset with the man?tooA. He missed the lecture. B. He didn ' t makea call. C. He refused apologize.10. When will they see each other?A. On Tuesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday.11. What is the possible relationship between the two speakers?A. Doctor and patient. B. Professor and student. C. M

7、anager and secretary.【答案】9. B 10. A 11. B【解析】略【9题详解】略【10题详解】略【11题详解】略 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 回江音频D12. What did Rosa think of the trip to the museum?A. Tiring. B. Boring. C. Amazing.13. How many of the paintings did Rosa see?A. Very few of them. B. About half of them. C. Almost all of them.14. Whose paint

8、ings did Rosa like most?A. Diego Rivera ' s. B. Frida Kahlo ' s. C. Henri Matisse ' s. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 【解析】略 【12题详解】略 【13题详解】略【14题详解】 略听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。包方峭15. What did Brian do yesterday?A. Saw a film. B. Watched TV. C. Did some shopping.16. Why did Mary call Brian?A. To ask him fo

9、r some suggestions.B. To ask him to help with her work.C. To invite him to her birthday party.17. What are the two speakers going to do next Friday?A. Buy somedrinks. B. Goto a piano concert. C. Give a birthday party. 【答案】15. A 16. C 17. B 【解析】略【15题详解】 略【16题详解】略【17题详解】略听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。1祈音频口18. What m

10、ight the speaker be?A. A park manager. B. A restaurant owner. C. A tourist guide.19. How was the Washington Elm（榆树）later on?A. It was destroyed in a storm.B. It was cut down by attackers.C. It was replaced by another tree.20. What is the speaker mainly talking about?A. A well-known park. B. A histor

11、ic tree. C. A famous commander.【答案】18. C 19. A 20. B【解析】略【18题详解】略【19题详解】略【20题详解】略第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在 答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWhen I was a boy there were no smart phones, and our television only got one channel clearly. Still, I never felt bored. The fiel

12、ds, hills and woodlands around my home were the perfect playground whose adventures were only limited by my imagination. I can remember once hiking to nearby lake and walking slowly around it. At the back of it I was amazed to find an old dirt road that I had never seen before. It was full of muddyt

13、yre tracks and deep woods bordered it on both sides, but exploring it still seemed like a fine adventure.I walked on and on for what seemed like hours. I was sure my guardian angel was whispering in my ears "turn around and head back home", but I was stubborn and walked on. There was still

14、 neither a car nor a house in sight I noticed that the sun was starting to go down and I grew scared I didn't want to end up trapped on this road, and I was worried that it would be dark before I could make my way back to the lake again.I continued to walk on with something growing inside of me.

15、 My heart was pounding and my legs were aching. I was almost in tears when I saw something in the distance. It was a house that I recognized. I jumped up and down and laughed out loud. It was still over a mile away, but mylegs felt like feathers and I hurried back to my house in no time. I walked in

16、 with a big smile on my face just in time for dinner. Then I ended myadventure with a good night's sleep.I often thought of that experience recently. Actually, in our life, all roads, no matter how they twist and turn, can lead us home again. They can lead us to our homes in our hearts. May you

17、always walk your path with love!May you always help your fellow travelers along the way! And may your roads always lead you home again!21. Why did the author hardly feel bored when he was young?A. He could watch TV all dayB. He could have fun in nature.C. He had many friends to play withD. He used t

18、o explore the old dirt road22. What does the underlined word "something" in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?A. DoubtB. HopeC. Fear.D. Courage23. How did the author feel when he was exploring the dirt road?A. He was contradictory in mind.B. He was unconscious of danger ahead.C. He was worried

19、 to be trapped in the woods.D. He was afraid of being scolded by his parents.24. What may be the best title for the passage?A. Every Effort Is Worthwhile.B. All Roads Lead Home.C. Be Determined in Your Life.D. Be Brave to Adventure.【答案】 21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B【解析】所有的路都是回家的路。这辈子所有的路不管怎样迂回曲折，最终都会引导着我们

20、回家，有的是回到这里，回到我们物质层面的家，有的是回到我们心灵的家园。【 21 题详解】B推理判断题。 根据第一段第二、 三句 Still, I never felt bored. The fields, hills and woodlands around my home were the perfect playground whose adventures were only limited by my imagination. 可知，小时候作者从大自然中寻找快乐， 所以从来不感到无聊。故选B。【 22 题详解】 C词义猜测题。 根据第三段第二、 三句 Myheart was pound

21、ing and mylegs were aching. I was almost in tears when I saw something in then distance.可知，作者内心渐渐地恐惧起来。推知，划线词的意思是“害怕，恐惧”，故选C。【 23 题详解】 A推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句 At the back of it I was amazedto find an old dirt road that I had never seen before. It was full of muddytyre tracks and deep woods bordered it on b

22、oth sides, but exploring it still seemed like a fine adventure. 可知，探索这条泥土路似乎是一种冒险，所以他心里是矛盾的。根 据句意可知选A。【 24 题详解】 B主旨大意题。根据最后一段中 I often thought of that experience recently.Actually, in our life, all roads, no matter how they twist and turn, can lead us homeagain. They can lead us to hey can lead us t

23、o our homesin our hearts. 我记得最近见过的一则标语是这样说的：“所有的路都是回家的路。”此言不虚， 这辈子所有的路不管怎样迂回曲折，最终都会引导着我们回家，有的是回到这里， 回到我们物质层面的家，有的是回到我们心灵的家园。可知，所有的路都通向家。故选B。BA day in the life of 18-year-old David Lanster is full if typical teenage stuff: school, baseball practice and homework. And then he starts cooking.“Some night

24、s I m up until 1:00 a.m. making pies, or even later if we recooking beef, ” said the student at RansomEverglades High School in Florida, US.For the past year, Lanster and Kelly Moran, his classmate, have been hosting fancy dinner parties at Lanster s parents home. Their meals have 17 courses and are

25、 all made by them. Their guests used to give them gifts to thank them until the pair decided to do something nice for charity （慈 善） .“We got some really great Miami Heat tickets, a nice watch, and manykitchen gadgets （小器具） , ” Lanster said. “ But we wanted to make this something positive for people

26、ot her than us. ”Lanster and Moran focused on CommonThreads, a charity that aims to teach kids in poor communities to cook and make healthy eating choices. The young cooks ask their guests to give however much they want as payment for their meals. It all goes to CommonThreads because Lanster s paren

27、ts cover their food costs. After their last 12-person event, Lanster and Moran gave $1,600 to the charity.Now, they re taking their show out of the kitchen and on the road. They have started to organize private dinner parties with a similar model: the host pays for the ingredients, and the guests ma

28、ke a donation to a charity of their choice.Without formal training, Lanster said he had been interested in cooking since he helped his mom in the kitchen when he was very young. He learned how to cook by reading cookbooks and watching TVprograms. Outside the kitchen, the two are busy preparing their

29、 college applications. Neither of them is sure what they will do in the future, but they re promised their parents that they will leave professional cooking alone until they finish school.25. How is Lanster s life different from other teenagers lives?A. He plans to become a professional chef.B. He p

30、lays baseball every day after school.C. He goes to a cooking school in his spare time.D. He holds dinner parties after a normal school day.26. What will Lanster and Moran usually do after a private dinner party?A. Receive thank-you cards from the guests.B. Visit the poor children at Common Threads.C

31、. Ask the guests to donate money to the charity.D. Cover the food costs with the money collected.27. Which of the following words can best describe Lanster and Moran?A. Ambitious. B. Generous. C. Creative. D. Optimistic.【答案】 25. D 26. C 27. B【解析】本文介绍 18 岁的女孩 David Lanster 特有的生活：学校、棒球训练和家庭作业。然后她开始做饭。

32、私人宴会后Lanster和Moran要求客人向慈善机构捐钱。【 25 题详解】 D细节理解题。根据第二段第二句 For the past year, Lanster and Kelly Moran, his classmate, have been hosting fancy dinner parties at Lanster s parents home.可知，Lanster的生活不同于其他人的生活是他在正常的学校日后举行晚餐 会。故选D。【 26 题详解】C细节理解题。 根据第四段中 They have started to organize private dinner partiesw

33、ith a similar model: the host pays for the ingredients, and the guests makea donation to a charity of their choice.可知，私人宴会后 Lanster 和 Moran要求客人向慈善机构捐钱。故选C。【 27 题详解】B推理判断题。 根据第三段最后一句 After their last 12-person event, Lanster and Moran gave $1,600 to the charity. 可知， Lanster 和 Mora 是非常慷慨的。故选B。CThe hit

34、 movie Notting Hill （诺丁山） begins with a famous scene. HughGrant bumps into Julia Roberts and spills orange juice all over her. After the collision, Grant repeatedly says,“ I m so sorry. I m so sorry. ”His actions in this scene are very British. If Roberts character werefrom the Britain, than she wou

35、ld probably apologize repeatedly as well一even if the crash were not her fault. But this doesn t happen in the movie, as Roberts is from the US.A report in The Telegraph once said that three quarters of British people apologize when they bumpinto someonein the street - regardless of whether they are

36、responsible or not. In fact, Britons use “sorry ” in manysituations. For example, if they mishear someone, they say“Sorry? ” The person theyare talking to will also apologize by replying,“No, I am sorry! ” This cango on for up to five minutes as they compete over who is the most sorry.Why are Briton

37、s so sorry? Mark Tyrell, a psychology writer in the UK, thinks that their apologetic tendencies are rooted in British class system.“We say sorry because historically the new middle class in Britain had to apologize for not being the working class, but also for really being the upper class. ” Another

38、 theory is that they apologize to avoid conflicts. For example, if they bump into someone, he might get angry. To avoid this, theyinstantly saySorry!True manners are about being considerate, and today s constant use of apologizing shows that we are perhaps not as thoughtful as we once were. The word

39、 “sorry ” has lost some of its meaning.Do you see my point? Sorry, it might just be a British thing.28. Why does the author mention a scene in the movie Notting Hill at the beginning?A. To give an example of British modesty.B. To introduce different ways of saying sorry.C. To show what kind of men a

40、re considered gentlemen in the UK.D. To draw our attention to when and how British people say sorry.29. Which of the following statements might Mark Tyrell agree with?A. People should not apologize if they are not responsible.B. Americans care less about manners than British people do.C. That Britis

41、h people apologize so much is linked to the class system.D. British people care too much about which social class they are from.30. What can be inferred from the passage?A. It s unnecessary for British people to be so polite.B. The overuse of apologizing shows Britons are truly sincere.C. People sho

42、uld not sti ck to the traditional use of the word“ sorry ”.D. Using “sorry ” more doesn t necessarily mean people are more polite.31. What is the author s purpose in writing this passage?A. To explore the best way of saying sorry.B. To explain why Britons overuse th e word “ sorry ”.C. To show how s

43、aying sorry has changed over time.D. To suggest many British people lack traditional manners.【答案】 28. D 29. C 30. D 31. B【解析】这篇文章通过一些电影情节和报道，告诉我们英国人在日常生活中频繁的使用“对不起”，这个单词已经失去了它的一些意思。【 28 题详解】D推理判断题。 根据第一段The hit movie Notting Hill （ 诺丁山） begins with a famousscene. Hugh Grant bumps into Julia Roberts

44、and spills orange juice all overher. After the collision, Grant repeatedly says,“ I m so sorry. I m sosorry. ”可知，作者在开头提到电影 Notting Hil 的一个场景是让我们注意英国人什么时候和怎样说对不起。故选D。【 29 题详解】C细节题。根据文章Mark Tyrell, a psychology writer in the UK, thinks aboutour apologetic tendencies are rooted in the British class sys

45、tem.马克泰勒，英国的一个心理学作家，认为他们道歉趋势深植于英国的阶级系统中。故选C。【 30 题详解】D细节题。文章第二段的主要意思是英国人如果和别人发生冲突的话，即使不是他的错，他也会说“对不起”的。故选 D【 31 题详解】B主旨题，通过这篇文章作者告诉我们英国人在日常生活中很多情况下都说对不起。故选B。【名师点睛】本文文脉清晰，结构很好把握。说明文是历年高考很常见的文体，对于科技类的说明文比较难，而对于说物的文体较容易。本文中，把握好一个中心即作者对sorry这个词进行了介绍。同时，此类文章中推断题要理解作者写作的意图，方可作答。DImagine you re standing in

46、 line to buy a snack at a store. You step up to the counter and the cashier scans your food. Next, you have to pay. But instead of scanning a QR Code（ 二维码 ） with your smart phone, you just hold out your hand so the cashier can scan your fingerprint. Or, a camera scans your face, your eyes or even yo

47、ur ear.Now, this type of technology might not be far away. As technology companies move away from the traditional password, biometric （生物特征识别的 ） security, which includes fingerprint, face and voice ID, is becoming increasingly popular.In 2020, Apple introduced the iPhone 5s, one of the first smart p

48、hones with a fingerprint scanner. Since then, using one's fingerprint to unlock a phone and make mobile payments has become a commonplace, bringing convenience to our lives. And since 2020, Samsunghas featured eye-scanning technology in its top smart phones, while Apple's new iphone X can ev

49、en scan a user's face. But despite its popularity, experts warn that biometrics might not be as secure as we imagine. " Biometrics is ideally good in practice, not so much," said John Michener, a biometrics expert.Whenintroducing the newiPhone's face ID feature, Phil Schiller, Appl

50、e's senior vice-president, said. "The chance that a random person in the population could look at your iPhones X and unlock it with their face is about one in a million." But it's already been done. In a video posted on a community website Reddit, two brothers showed how they were

51、each able to unlock the same iPhone X using their own face. And they aren't even twins."We may expect too much from biometrics," Anil Jain, a computer science professor at Michigan State University, told CBSNews. "No security systems are perfect."Earlier last year, Jain found

52、 a way to trick biometric security. Usinga printed copy of a thumbprint, she was able to unlock a dead person's smart phone for the police, according to a tech website Splinter. "It's good tosee biometrics being used more," Jain told CBSNews, "because it adds another factor fo

53、r security. But using multiple security measures is the best defense."32. Which is the latest identification technology in a smart phone according to the passage?A. Face scanning. B. Eye scanning.C. QR Code scanning. D. Fingerprint scanning.33. What is a major problem of the iPhone X's face

54、 ID system?A. It takes too long to unlock the phone.B. It often fails to recognize its owner's face.C. Face data can be used for other purposes.D. Different faces can be used to unlock the same phone.34. What is Anil Jain's opinion about biometric security?A. It is as secure as traditional m

55、easures.B. It is perfect without much improvement.C. It has caused much trouble for the police.D. It should be used with other security measures.35. What does the author intend to tell us in this passage?A. The popularity of biometrics.B. Security problems of biometrics.C. Various problems with biom

56、etrics.D. Great changes caused by biometrics.【答案】 32. A 33. D 34. D 35. B【解析】本文作者主要在讲的是生物特征识别的安全问题。【 32 题详解】A细节理解题。根据第三段中 since 2020, Samsung has featured eye-scanning technology in its top smart phones, while Apple s newiphone X can even scan a user s face. 可知 Face scanning 是智能手机最新的识别技术。故选A。【 33 题详

57、解】D推理判断题。根据第四段中 In a video posted on a community website Reddit,two brothers showed how they were each able to unlock the sameiPhone X using their own face. And they aren t even twins. 可知， the iPhone X s face ID system 的一个主要问题就是不同的脸可以用来解锁同一个电话。故选D。【 34 题详解】D推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句 Jain told CBS News, “ bec

58、ause it adds another factor for security. But using multiple security measures is the best defense. ”可知，应与其他安全措施一起使用。故选D。【 35 题详解】B主旨大意题。纵观全文，本文作者主要在讲的是生物特征识别的安全问题。故选B。【名师点睛】关于阅读中的细节理解题1 .直接信息题对此类题型，考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词，然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节，找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定最佳答案。2 .间接信息题做这类题目时，考生需要对原文信息进行加工处理，然后再进行进一步的推理或鉴 别，这是介于事实细节题和推理判断题之间的一种题型，对考生来说有一定难度。本题第1小题属于细节理解题中的直接信息题。根据第三段中sin