三大句间的转换(合并和省略)规律

1、三大句间的转换（合并和省略）规律（一）、并列句（合并为）7主从复合句（最后省略为）T复杂简单句1. Water is heated to 100 C ; it will boil.（并列句）例如：合并： When it is heated to 100C, water will boil.（合并为主从复合句，it 替代 water避免重复。）简化：When heated to 100C, water will boil.（状语从句省略规律：通常把从句 中和主句一样的主语和从句中的be 动词同时省略！）再简化：Heated to 100C, water will boil.（复杂简单句，非谓语之

2、-过去分词作状语！）2. You are faced with failure, but you shouldNever say die”.合并： Although_ , you should Never say die ”.简化： Although_ , you should Never say die”.复杂简单句：_ , you should Never say die ”.（形容词作状语！）3. You are cross ing the street, so. you must be careful.合并： When_ , you must be careful.简化： When_

3、, you must be careful.复杂简单句：_ , you must be careful.4. The hun ter was armed with a gun, so he dared to en ter the forest.合并： Because he_ , the hun ter dared to en ter the forest.复杂简单句：_, the hun ter dared to en ter the forest.5. I was en gaged in my studies, sol igno red/overlooked you.合并： Because_

4、 , I overlooked you.复杂简单句：_, I overlooked you.6. Tom was lost/buried in thought, so he failed to no tice the power failure.合并： Because_ , Tom failed to no tice the power failure.复杂简单句：_ , failed to no tice the power failure.7. He was desperate for mon ey, so he tried to persuade Rachel to marry him.

5、合并： Because_ , he tried to persuade Rachel to marry him.复杂简单句：_ , he tried to persuade Rachel to marry him.8. The small mall is located in the center of the city, so_it popular with shoppers.合并： Because_ , the small mall is popular with shoppers.复杂简单句：_, the small mall is popular withshoppers.9.Mary

6、 is so clever and diligent, so_she promises to be promoted to the 5thgrade.合并： Because_ , Mary promises to be promoted to the 5thgrade.复杂简单句：_, Mary promises to be promoted to the 5thgrade.10. I am always seated in the back, so I fail to see the teachers clearly.合并： Because_ , I fail to see the teac

7、hers clearly.复杂简单句：_ , I fail to see the teachers clearly.11. I live in the terrible city, so I m anno yed by the no ise.合并： Because_, Im anno yed by the no ise.复杂简单句：_, I，m annoyed by the noise.12. He reached the end of his trip, and he found the next driver asleep.合并： When_ , he found the next dri

8、ver asleep.复杂简单句：_ , he found the next driver asleep.题目 112112 总结:状语从句中从句主语和主句主语相同时的省略规律：从句主语后出现 be 动词时，_和_ 可省去，构成复杂简单句，如1-10 题;若从句主语后没出现be 动词，而是实义动词的原形（单数）或过去时等（从句的主语和动词间存在主动关系），只省略，再将实义动词变成 v-ing（其完成 式为 havingdone）形式，同样构成 复杂简单句，例如第 11-12 题。 注意：在状语从句中，若从句主语是 it 作形式主语+is/was possible/necessary/conve

9、nient时，即使和后面主语不同，也可省略it +is/was ” 。例如：If （it is） convenient for you, you can come to dinner with me.If （it is） possible, I _lldrop in on you.If （it is） necessary, I take legal action to appeal to the court.（二）主从复合句（直接省略为）-复杂简单句13. After everything was taken into consideration, she decided to go abro

10、ad.例如： 复杂简单句：（with ） Everything taken into consideration, she decided to go abroad.If everything is taken into consideration, the result is better than I expected.复杂简单句： _, the result is better than I expected.（从各方面考虑，现在的结果比我先预料的要好些）14. Because the whole city was completely destroyed, the gover nmen

11、t decided to rebuild it.复杂简单句：（with ）The_ , the gover nment decided to rebuildit.15. Because Peter was drunk （醉的， adj.） , his mother had to attend to him.复杂简单句：_, his mother had to atte nd to him.16. Because he was drunk, his mother had to atte nd to him.复杂简单句：He being drunk, his mother had to atten

12、d to him.（这种省略句，若主语是人 称代词主格，后要加bei ng ）17.If weather permits, I will go outing with you.复杂简单句：_, I will go out ing with you.18.If win ter comes on ,spri ng can be far beh ind.复杂简单句：（with ）_ , spring can be far behind.题目 13181318 总结:状语从句中从句主语和主句主语不同时的省略规律：从句含 be 动词时，仅可以省去，整个句子即为复杂简单句，即，从句的主语要保留，如第 13

13、-16 题（注意：若从句主语是人称代词主格， 在省略时要在人称代词主格后加上being，如第 16 题；）;若从句中没有 be 动词，而是实义动词的原形（单数）/过去时等（从句的主语和动词间存在主动关系），则只省略_，再将实义动词变成 _形式（其完成式为having done），同样构成复杂简单句，例如第 17-18 题,.这两种省略后剩下的结构叫独立主格结构。（三）、并列句（省略转变为）-复杂简单句19. We arrived home rather late and we were tired and hungry.例：复杂简单句： We arrived home rather late,

14、 tired and hungry形容词作状语！）20. Tom was seated in the corner of the library and he was readi ng a no vel.复杂简单句： Tom was seated in the corner of the library,_ .（ 作伴随状语）21. The fire lasted a week and it caused a lot of damage.例如： 复杂简单句：The fire lasted a week, causing a lot of damage.（作结果状语！）思考：若把causing改

15、为非限制性定语从句，则为 The fire lasted a week, which_22. The secretary was stay ing up in his study and she was prepari ng a speech.复杂简单句： The secretary was staying up in his study,_.（ 作伴随状语！）23. The robber stormed into the bank and he shouted, Freeze!”复杂简单句： The robber stormed into the bank,_ , Freeze!24. Th

16、e pollulants were poured into the river and they caused a lot of deaths.复杂简单句： The pollula nts were poured into the river ,_ a lot of deaths.思考： 若把划线部分改为非限制性定语从句， 则为 The pollulants were poured into the river , which_ a lot of deaths.题目 19241924 总结:并列句中，如果两个主语相同时，其分句的省略规律：后分句中含 be 时，可直接去掉 _，用标点符号 _ （

17、有时可省略该符号）取而代之，然后将 _ 和 _ 省略，如 19、20、22;如果后分句中没有be 动词，而是实义动词的原形（单数）/过去时等（前句的主语和该动词间存在主动关系），除了去掉 _ 夕卜，要将实义动词变成 _形式（其完成式为 having done），相当于一个定语从句，女口 21、23、24 题。25. Our teacher came in and two books were in both hands.例如：复杂简单句：Our teacher came in, （with） two books in both hands.补充： （ with ） +名词或代词（和主句的主语不

18、同）+介词短语/doing/done/to do/形容词/副词等构成的结构就是充当状语成分的独立主格结构，如上面的 13-18 题以及 25-29 题。26. The old man lay in bed, and his eyes were fixed on the ceili ng.复杂简单句： The old man lay in bed, （with ）_ on the ceiling.27. There are 62 classes in our school and each of them is made up of 80 stude nts.复杂简单句： There are 6

19、2 classes in our school, （with）_ 80 stude nts.思考： There are 62 classes in our school, each of which_ 80stude nts.28. He has two sons and .the older of them works in a large hospital.例如： 复杂简单句：He has two sons, （with） the older of them working in a large hospital.思考： He has two sons, the older of whom

20、_in a large hospital.29.He has written34 novels, and most of them sell well at home and abroad.复杂简单句：He has writte n 34 no vels, （with） most of them_well at home and abroad.思考： He has writte n 34 no vels, most of which _well at home and abroad.题目 25292529 总结:并列句中，如果两个主语不相同时，其分句的省略规律：后分句中含 be 时，可直接去掉

21、 _，用标点符号 _ （有时可省略该符号）取而代之，然后去掉 _并用_把后半句其余成分连起来， with 可省略，如 25、26、 27;如果后分句中没有 be 动词，而是实义动词的原形（单数）/过去时（前面的主语和该动词间存在主动关系）的时候，除了去掉_ 外，要将实义动词变成 _ 形式（其完成式为 having done），相当于一个非限制性定语从句，with 也可省略，如第 28，29 题。答案（一）、并列句（合并为）7主从复合句（最后省略为）T复杂简单句2. you are faced with failure, faced with failure, Faced with failur

22、e,3. you are crossing the street, crossing the street, Crossing the street,4.was armed with a gun, Armed with a gun,5. I was en gaged in my studies, En gaged in my studies,6. he was lost/buried in thought, Lost/buried in thought,7. he was desperate for mon ey, Desperate for mon ey,8.it is located in

23、 the center of the city, Located in the center of the city,9. she is so clever and diligent, So clever and diligent,10.1 am always seated in the back, Always seated in the back,11.I live in the terrible city, Living in the terrible city12. he reached the end of his trip, Reachi ng the end of his tri

24、p1-12 总结.：连词、重复主语 be 动词；重复的主语 连词（二）主从复合句（直接省略为）-复杂简单句13.Everything taken into consideration,14. whole city completely destroyed,15.Peter （bei ng ）drunk,17.Weather permitting18. wi nter coming on1318 总结：连词和 be 动词 ；连词 v-ing（三）、并列句（省略转变为）-复杂简单句20. readi ng a no vel.21.caused a lot of damage.22. prepari

25、 ng a speech. 23. shouting,24. causing caused佃24 总结：并列连词 逗号重复的主语 be 动词 并列连词重复的主语-ing26.his eyes fixed27.each of them made up of is made up of28.works29. selli ng sell25-29 总结：并列连词 逗号 be 动词 with 并列连词 -ing答案（一）、并列句（合并为）主从复合句（最后省略为）复杂简单句2. you are faced with failure, faced with failure, Faced with failure,3. you are crossing the street, crossing the street, Crossing the street,4.was armed with a gun, Armed with a gun,5. I was en gaged in my studies, En gaged in my studies,6. he was lost/buried in thought, Lost/buried in though