人教版新目标八年级上册英语知识点全册

1、人教版新目标八年级上册英语知识点全册Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?重点短语1. go on vacation去度假 at home 待在家里 to the mountains 去爬山 4. go to the beach 去海滩 5. visit museums 参观博物馆 6. go to summer camp 去参加夏令营 a few 相当多 for 为而学习 out 出去 of the time 大部分时间 11. taste good 尝起来很好吃 a good time 玩得高兴 13. of course 当然 like 给的感觉；感受到

2、shopping 去购物 the past 在过去 17. walk around 四处走走 18. because of 因为 19. one bowl of 一碗 20. the next day 第二天 21. drink tea 喝茶 22. find out 找出； 查明 23. go on 继续 photos 照相 25. something important 重要的事 26. up and down 上上下下 27. come up 出来 28. buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物 29. taste + adj. 尝起来 30. lo

3、ok+adj. 看起来 but+动词原形 除了之外什么都没有 +（to be）+ adj. 看起来 33. arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点 到达某地 to do sth. 决定去做某事 35. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 / 36. try to do sth. 尽力去做某事 37. forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事/ 38. forget to do sth. 忘记做某事 39. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 40. want to do sth. 想去做某事 41. start doing sth. 开始做某事 42

4、. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 43. dislike doing sth.不喜欢做某事 44. keep doing sth. 继续做某事 45. Why not do. sth. 为什么不做呢46. so+adj.+that+从句 如此以至于 47. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事 48 .have a good time=enjoy oneself=have fun(doing sth.)玩得痛快三、重点句子： 1. Where did you go on vacation 你去哪儿度假的 2. Long time no see

5、. 好久不见。 3. Did you go anywhere interesting 你去有趣的地方了吗 4. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax. 大多数时间我只呆在家里看书和放松。 5. Everything was excellent. 一切都很棒。 6. I bought something for my father. 我给我爸爸买了些东西。 7. How did you like it 你觉得它怎么样 8. I arrived at Penang in Malaysia this morning with

6、 my family. 今天早晨我和家人到达马来西亚槟城。 9. For lunch, we had something very special. 午饭我们吃了很特别的东西。 10. but many of the old buildings are still there. 但是许多旧的建筑物还在那里。 11. My father and I decided to go to Penang Hill today. 今天我和爸爸决定去槟城山。 12. And because of the bad weather , we couldnt see anything below. 并且因为糟糕的

7、天气，我们看不见下面的任何东西。语法：复合不定代词或副的构成及用法 构成：由some, any, no, every分别加上-body, -thing, -one构成的不定代词叫做合成不定代词；加上-where构成副词。 用法： （1）合成不定代词在句中可以作主语，宾语或表语等。 Nobody will listen to him. He wants something to eat. （2）不定代词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。 There is nothing wrong with the TV. Everybody likes reading. （3）some-不定代词，通常用于肯定句中；

8、any-不定代词则多用于否定句、疑问句中。但some-可用于表请求、邀请、预料对方会作肯定回答时的疑问句中。 Someone is calling me. There isnt anyone else there. Is anybody over there Could you give me something to eat （4）形容词修饰不定代词时，通常要放在不定代词之后。 There is something delicious on the table. （5）somewhere, anywhere, nowhere, everywhere用作副词。 Flowers come out

9、 everywhere. 注： 形容词修饰不定代词要后置：anything special 不定代词做主语时谓语用单数.arrive in 到达+大地方（国家 省 市） arrive at 到达+小地方（机场 商店等) get to 到达+地方 reach 到达+地方 The Smiths_ New York at 8:00 last night. (1) want to do sth. 想要做某事 (2) want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 (3) would like to do sth. 想要做某事 (4) (2) decide to do sth. 决定做某事 (5

10、) decide on 决定某事Unit2 How often do you exercise?重点短语such as例如；诸如junk food n.垃圾食品；无营养食品more than超过；多于；不仅仅；非常less than不到；少于help with housework 帮助做家务 on weekends 在周末 how often 多久一次 hardly ever 几乎从不 once a week 每周一次 twice a month 每月两次 every day 每天 be free 有空 go to the movies 去看电影 use the Internet 用互联网 s

11、wing dance 摇摆舞 play tennis 打网球 stay up late 熬夜；睡得很晚 at least 至少 have dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈课和钢琴课 go to bed early 早点睡觉 play sports 进行体育活动 be good for 对有好处 go camping 去野营 notat all 一点儿也不 in ones free time 在某人的业余时间 the most popular 最受欢迎的such as 比如；诸如 old habits die hard 积习难改 go to the dentist 去看牙医

12、 morn than 多于；超过 less than 少于 help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 How about .怎么样 want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事 How many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句 有多少 spend time with sb. 和某人一起度过时光 Its+ adj.+ to do sth. 做某事的的。 ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问某事 by doing sth. 通过做某事 Whats your favorite 你最喜爱的是什么the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式三重点语法 (一

13、) 重点句型 do you usually do on weekends -I often go to the movies. (1) on weekends/on the weekend在周末 (2) go to the movies 去看电影 (3) 第一个do 助动词 第二个do 实意动词 2. hardly ever 几乎从不 hardly ever 相当于 hardly, ever起强调作用。hardly 为副词，意为“几乎不没有）”，相当于almost not，本身具有否定含义，不能再使用其他否定词。 . She hardly eats anything. 辨析: hardly 和

14、hard hard作形容词，意为“困难的，艰苦的，硬的”； hard作副词，意为“努力地，猛烈地”。 hardly意为“几乎不” (1) how often 意为“多久一次，多长时间一次”，用来提问频率。 (2) twice a week 一周两次 拓展: 一次 once 两次 twice 三次或三次以上 基数词+ times three times four times 4. What's your favorite program = What program do you like best 你最喜欢的节目是什么 5. How come怎么回事怎么会 表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不

15、通；可单独使用，也可引导一个问句。相当于疑问词why。但how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍是陈述语序。 How come you didn't tell me about it = Why you didn't tell me about it 6. I go to the movies maybe once a month. 我也许一个月去看一次电影。 maybe 副词，意为“或许，大概，可能”，常位于句首。 . Maybe he knows the way to the park. 辨析：maybe 与 may be maybe副词，作状语，意为“或许，大概，可能”

16、，常位于句首。 may be 属于“情态动词+be 动词”结构，意为“可能是”。 (1) The baby is crying she is hungry. (2) The woman a teacher . 7. Last month we asked our students about their free time activities. ask ab. about sth. 询问某人某事8. We all know that many students often go online, but we were surprised that ninety percent of them

17、 use the Internet every day. The other ten percent use it at least three or four times a week. 我们都知道许多学生经常上网，但是让我们感到惊讶的是90%的学生每天都上网，而另外10%的学生一周至少上网达三至四次。 (1) other: adj. 其他的+名词 the other: adj. 其他的+名词(在特定的范围内) onethe other 一个另一个 . One of them is blue，the other ones are purple. 它们的其中一个是蓝色的，其他的是紫色的。 ot

18、hers: 其他的东西 the others: 其他的东西(在特定的范围内) . One of the children likes reading，the others like singing. 后句可替换为the other students like singing. (2) at least 至少 at most 最多，至多 . I have ten yuan in my pocket at most. 9. Most students use it for fun and not for homework. 大多数学生上网是为了娱乐而不是为了写家庭作业。 10. The answe

19、rs to our questions about watching television were also interesting.关于看电视的调查结果也十分的有趣。 the answers to our questions 问题的答案 dance to the music 和着音乐的节奏跳舞 key to the lock 这把锁的钥匙 11. Although many students like to watch sports, game shows are the most popular. 尽管许多学生喜欢看体育节目，但是娱乐节目是最流行的。 12. It is good to

20、relax by using the Internet of watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise. 通过使用因特网看娱乐节目来放松很不错，但是我们认为最好的放松方式是通过锻炼来放松。 (1) Its +adj.+to do sth 做某事的 . Its very easy to learn English well. (2) by doing sth. 通过做某事 (3) the best way to do sth. is做某事的最好方式13. It is healthy fo

21、r the mind and the body. 这有益于身心健康。 stay healthy = keep healthy = keep in good health 保持健康 14. Old habits die hard. 旧习难改。 (二)语法知识: 频度副词 1. 频度副词的含义 (1) 表示次数、频率的副词称为频度副词。 常用的频度副词按高低依次为 always > usually > sometimes > seldom > hadly ever > never 100% 80% 60% 30% 10% 0% (2) 表示具体的频率、次数时，一次用o

22、nce，两次用twice，三次或三次以上用“基数词+times”表示: three times, four times, six times 2. 频度副词在句中的位置 (1 )频度副词一般在实意动词之前，be 动词、助动词或情态动词之后 . We never eat junk food. Lucy is sometimes very busy. I can hardly say a word. (2)有些频度副词也可位于句首，但表示不同含义 sometimes 常位于句首，和位于句中区别不大。 . Sometimes Jack plays computer games. often 用于句首

23、时，通常表示强调，且其前一般有quite，very 修饰 often he goes online. Usually 也可位于句首，其前不用修饰语。 . Usually my father goes up early. Always 一般不用于句首，但可以用在祈使句中。 . Always remember this. 3. 对频度副词提问时，用how often . -How often do you go to the movies -Once a month Unit3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.重点短语1. . more outgoing

24、更外向 2. asas 与一样 3. the singing competition 唱歌比赛4. be similar to 与相像的/类似的 5. the same as 和相同；与一致 6. be different from 与不同 7. care about 关心；介意 8. be like a mirror 像一面镜子 9. the most important 最重要的 10. as long as 只要；既然 11. bring out 使显现；使表现出 12. get better grades 取得更好的成绩 13. reach for 伸手取 14. in fact 事实

25、上；实际上 15. make friends 交朋友 16. the other 其他的17. touch ones heart 感动某人 18. be talented in music 有音乐天赋 19. be good at 擅长 20. be good with 善于与相处 21. have fun doing sth. 享受做某事的乐趣 22. be good at doing sth 擅长做某事 23. make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事24. want to do sth. 想要做某事 25. as+adj./adv.的原级+as 与一样 26. Its+ adj.+

26、for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事的。三重点语法 (一) 重点句型 1. Both Sam and Tom can play the drums, but Sam plays them better than Tom. 萨姆和汤姆都会打鼓，但是萨姆比汤姆打得要好一些。 both (1) 表示“两者都”， both用在含有be动词的句中，应放在be动词的后面；用在含有行为动词的句中，应放在行为动词的前面， (2) bothand表示“两者都”，both.and在句中连接并列成分，如主语、谓语、表语、宾语等，位置比较灵活。 . Both New York and London

27、 have traffic problems. (连接主语) The secretary both speaks and writes Spanish.(连接谓语)拓展：all表示“三者或三者以上全都”的意思，every指三个以上的人或物(含三个)，each指两个以上的人或物(含两个)。 1. Tara works as hard as Tina. 塔拉学习和蒂娜一样努力。 as.as意为“与一样”，as.as中间接形容词或副词的原级。其否定结构not as/so.as意为“不如”。 . He is as tall as his father. 他和他爸爸一样高。 Tom gets up as

28、 early as Jim. 汤姆起得和吉姆一样早。 Lucy isnt as outgoing as Mary. 露西不如玛丽外向。 注意：(1) 其否定式为not as/so +adj./adv. +as。 . This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think. (2) 若有修饰成分，如twice, three times, half, a quarter等，则须置于第一个as之前。 . Your bag is twice as expensive as mine. 你的包比我的贵一倍。 3. You can tell that Lisa r

29、eally wanted to win, though. 不过，你能看得出来，丽萨确实想赢。 win此处用作不及物动词，意为“赢；获胜”；win还可用作及物动词，意为“赢得；在中获胜”，此时其后的宾语为比赛的项目、奖品或战争等。 . He won the first prize. Who won the race 辨析：win与beat win表示“赢得；获胜”，用作及物动词时，其宾语为比赛的项目、奖品或战争等。 . We won the basketball game. beat表示“打赢；战胜”，用于比赛时，其宾语为所战胜的对手。 . Li Lei beat all the runners

30、 in the 100-metre race. (2) though此处作副词，意为“不过；可是；然而”，通常用于句末，前面用逗号与句子隔开。 . Jim said that he would come; he didnt, though. 拓展：though作连词，意为“虽然；尽管”，相当于although。 . Though he has no money, he lives very happily. 注意：although/though与but不能同时出现在一个句子中。 . Though he has no money, he lives very happily. =He has n

31、o money, but he lives very happily. 2. But the most important thing is to learn something new and have fun. 但是最重要的是学到一些新东西并获得乐趣。 (1) the most important意为“最重要的”，是important的最高级形式。 important的比较级为more important，形容词的最高级形式前必须有定冠词the。 . I think English is the most important of all the subjects. The most im

32、portant thing is to work hard. (2) have fun意为“获得乐趣；玩得高兴”。 . Its a good place to have fun. 拓展：have fun doing sth.意为“做某事很有趣”。 . Did you have fun visiting that country 5. .truly cares about me. care about 关心，在意 take care当心 take care of 照顾 (1) make sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事” . His father always makes him get

33、 up before five oclock. 拓展：make的用法： make加名词make food 做饭 make the bed 铺床 make money 赚钱 make + sb./sth. + adj. 使某人感到；使处于某种状态 . The soft music makes Tina sleepy. make sb./sth. + n. 使某人成为 . The party made her a good teacher. make sb./sth. + 过去分词 让某人被 . I made myself understood by all the students. make

34、sb./sth. + do sth. 使某人做某事(不能带不定式符号to) . Wars make the peace go away. 注意：当make用于被动语态时，必须带不定式符号to. . We were made to work all night. I was made to repeat the story. (2) 辨析：laugh与smile laugh一般表示“出声地(大)笑”，不但有面部表情，而且还有声音。 laugh at.意为“嘲笑；因而发笑”。 . Dont laugh when you have a meal. smile一般表示“无声地微笑”，指的是面部表情。

35、smile at.意为“向微笑”。 . He smiled at me. 7. Yes, and a good friend is talented in music, too. talented为形容词，意为“有才能的，有才干的”，其比较级形式为more talented。be talented in为固定搭配，表示“在方面有天赋”。 . She is a talented musician. 她是一名天才音乐家。 The boy is talented in dancing. 这个男孩很有舞蹈天赋。 8. Im quieter and more serious than most kids

36、. 我比大多数的孩子更文静更稳重。 (1) serious为形容词，意为“严肃的；稳重的”。 . My math teacher is very serious in class. 拓展： nothing serious意为“没有什么严重的”。 be serious about. 意为“对认真”。 . Is she serious about giving up her job？9. Thats why I like reading books and studying harder in class. 那就是我在课堂上喜欢读书、学习更刻苦的原因。 Thats why.意为“那就是的原因”，w

37、hy引导的句子作表语，是表语从句。 . Thats why I dont want to leave here. I got up late, and thats why I missed the bus. 10. Im shy so its not easy for me to make friends. 我很腼腆。因此对我来说交朋友不是很容易。 “Its+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”是固定结构，意为“做某事对某人来说是的”。结构中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。句中的形容词为描述事物特征的词，如difficult，easy，hard，important

38、，dangerous，necessary，possible等。 . Its very important for us to eat a lot of vegetables every day. Its dangerous for a child to stay at home alone. 11. But I think friends are like booksyou dont need a lot of them as long as theyre good. 但是我认为朋友就像书一样你不需要很多。只要它们好就行。 as long as意为“只要；既然”，引导条件状语从句，主句为一般将

39、来时或含有情态动词can时，所引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。 can leave here as long as you tell the truth. You will get good grades as long as you work hard. 12. However, Larry often helps to bring out the best in me. 然而，拉里经常帮助我表现出最好的一面。 bring out意为“使显现；使表现出”。 . I want to bring out the meaning of the poem.我想阐明一下这首诗的意义。 拓展：

40、bring out还意为“出版；生产”。 . The company is bringing out a new sports car. bring out the best/worst in sb. 把某人最好/最坏的一面展现出来 . Please tell me how to bring out the best in me. 13. I dont really care if my friends are the same as me or different. 我真的不介意我的朋友是与我一样还是不同。 if作连词，意为“是否”，引导宾语从句，常用于ask，know，wonder，fin

41、d out等动词(短语)之后。. I dont know if he is at home. He asks me if I like music. 14. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. 真正的朋友是一个可以援手帮助并感动你心扉的人。 (1) reach for sth.意为“伸手取某物”，reach此处作不及物动词，意为“伸手”。 . He reaches for the box, but he is too short. 拓展：reach作及物动词，意为“到达；抵达”。 . When will you

42、 reach Beijing 辨析：reach, get to与arrive reach为及物动词，后面直接接宾语。 . They reached Hangzhou yesterday. get to后接地点名词，如果接there，here或home等地点副词，to必须省略。 . How did you get to the station arrive为不及物动词，后接地点名词时必须加介词at或in。到达国家、城市等大的地方用in，到迭学校、商店等小的地方用at。接there，here或home等地点副词时不用介词in或at。 . I arrived at the company three

43、 hours ago. They arrived in Hangzhou yesterday. (2) touch及物动词，意为“感动；触摸”。 . The sad story touched us. 4)词组: try on 试穿 have a try 试一试考点 的用法: although /though 引导让步状语从句，“即使，虽然”，不能与but 连用，但可与yet, still 连用。考点 doing sth 结束干某事 I will finish_ (work )out the problem in another two minutes .考点t wait to do sth

44、迫不及待地干某事考点 的用法:1).decide to do sth 决定干某事2).decide not do sth 决定不干某事3).decide on doing sth 决定干某事4).同义词组: make a decision to do sth = make up ones mind to do sth = decide to do sth 考点 to do sth 计划干某事考点 about doing sth 考虑干某事考点 + v-ing 的用法: go fishing go boating go skating go shopping go hiking go skate

45、boarding考点10.句型: Its + adj +for /of sb to do sth 同义句：1).Its +adj +for sb +to do sth = To do sth + be +adj 2).Its +adj +of sb +to do sth = Sb +be +adj + to do sthUnit4 What's the best movie theater?1. movie theater 电影院 close to 离近 clothes store 服装店 in town 在镇上 2. so far 到目前为止 10 minutes by bu坐公共汽

46、车10分钟的路程 talent show 才艺表演 3. in common 共同；共有 around the world 世界各地；全世界 more and more 越来越4. and so on 等等 all kinds of 各种各样的 be up to 是的职责；由决定 5. not everybody 并不是每个人 make up 编造（故事、谎言等）6. play a role in 在方面发挥作用/有影响 for example 例如 takeseriously 认真对待7. give sb. sth . 给某人某物 come true （梦想、希望）实现；达到 8. Can

47、I ask you some 我能问你一些吗 How do you like 你认为怎么样 9. Thanks for doing sth. 因做某事而感谢。What do you think of 你认为怎么样10. much+ adj./adv.的比较级 得多 watch sb. do sth. 观看某人做某事 11. play a role in doing sth 在做某事方面扮演重要的角色 one of+可数名词的复数 之一Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show?重点短语1. talk show 谈话节目 game show 游戏节目 soap

48、opera 肥皂剧 2. go on 发生 watch a movie 看电影 a pair of 一双；一对try ones best 尽某人最大努力 3. as famous as 与一样有名 have a discussion about 就讨论4. one day 有一天 such as 例如 dress up 打扮；梳理 take sb.s place 代替；替换 5. do a good job 干得好 something enjoyable 令人愉快的东西 interesting information 有趣的资料 6. one of 之一 look like 看起来像 arou

49、nd the world 全世界 a symbol of 的象征 7. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 plan to do sth. 计划/打算做某事 hope to do sth. 希望做某事 8. happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事 expect to do sth. 盼望做某事 How about doing做怎么样？9. be ready to do st乐于做某事 try ones best to do sth. 尽力做某事动词不定式做宾语 10. think of 认为 learn from 从获得；向学习 find out 查明；弄清楚 Unit6 I'm going to study computer science. 重点短语make sure 确信；务必 1. sendto 把