Unit2Ironandtheeffectsofexercises

1、Iron and the Effects of Exercise Teaching Objective Learn the background information on iron and the consequences of iron defects. Understand the main idea and structure in this text.Grasp the language points and sentence structure (appositive/ absolute structure) of this unit.writing skill: cause a

2、nd effect Leading in: Exercise & Health & ironnPositive effects of exercises?nNegative effects?nRelationship between iron & exercises?page 30Everyone needs iron to grow and stay healthy. It is found in many parts of the body. Choose one thing iron works in your body: a. It helps your fingernails sta

3、y smooth.b. It helps to carry oxygen from lungs to cells.c. It helps your hair stay healthy.d. It helps to strengthen your muscles.Question 1 Question 1 / 10Pre-reading : warming up-a QUIZ 32Ironcarriesoxygenfromyourlungstoallpartsofyourbody.Ironalsobuildsredbloodcells.Withoutenoughiron,youmayfeelti

4、redandhavetroubleconcentrating.1.TheanswerisB.32Everyone requires a different amount of dietary iron to stay healthy. Which of the groups below needs the most iron each day? Question 2 / 10a. infants,7-12 months oldb. teen girls,14- 18 years oldc. men,19-50 years oldd. women,19- 50 years oldQuestion

5、 232Women1950yearsoldneedmoreironthananyotheragegroups.Womenneedthemostironbecausetheylosevaryingamountsduringthemenstruation(月经期).2.TheanswerisD.32You may be iron deficient if you are a woman and _.a.havealongmenstrualperiodb.donatebloodoftenc.donteatmeat,fishorpoultryd.alloftheaboveQuestion 3 / 10

6、Question 3323.TheanswerisD (alloftheabove).Bloodlossofanykindandnoteatingmeat,fishorpoultrymayleadtoirondeficiency.32There are two types of iron. One is heme(亚铁血亚铁血红素红素), which is easily absorbed by the body; and the other is non-heme, which is not as wellabsorbed. Choose one food that contains heme

7、 iron. Question 4 / 10c. red kidney beansQuestion 4a. beef hamburgerb. eggs324.TheanswerisA.Hemeironisfoundinallmeat,fishandpoultry.Non-hemeiron,whichisnotsowellabsorbed,canbefoundinfoodssuchasnuts,beans,cerealsandeggs.32You may be iron deficient if you _. Question 6 / 10a.oftenfeeltiredb.lookpalec.

8、havedifficultyconcentratingd.alloftheaboveQuestion 532Symptomsofirondeficiencymayinclude:lookingpale,feelingtired,havingtroubleconcentrating,feelingoutofbreath,nothavingenoughenergy,andfeelingirritable.5.TheanswerisD (alloftheabove).32The amount of non-heme iron you absorb is affected by other foods

9、. Choose one food that increases the absorption of non-heme iron. Question 7 / 10a. orangesb. whole grain breadsc. yoghurtd. teaQuestion 632OrangesareagoodsourceofvitaminC,whichcanincreasetheamountofnon-hemeironabsorbedbyuptofourtimes.Meat,fishandpoultrycanalsoincreasetheabsorptionofnon-hemeiron.Sub

10、stancesinteaandcoffeecanlowertheamountofnon-hemeironyourbodycanuse.6.TheanswerisA (oranges).32People who do not eat meat, fish or poultry need to _. Question 8 / 10a) eatfoodsenrichedorfortifiedwithironb) havevitaminC-richfoodswiththeirmealsc) avoidteaandcoffeeduringtheirmealsd) doalloftheabove Ques

11、tion 732Meat,fishorpoultryandvitaminC-richfoodsincreasetheabsorptionofnon-hemeironinthediet.Peoplewhomostlyhavenon-hemeironeachday,needtoconsumemoreirontomeettheirbodiesneed.7.TheanswerisD (alloftheabove).32Question 10 / 10A good way to maintain a healthy level of iron in the body is to _. a.eatiron

12、-fortifiedbreakfastcerealsoftenb.enjoyavarietyofmeatdishesonaregularbasisc.includevitaminC-richvegetablesinyourmealsd.doallofthese All of theseQuestion 8328.TheanswerisD(alloftheabove).3232Global Reading: structure analysis What is the relation between Para. 1 and Para. 2&3? Find out the general eff

13、ect and 4 courses in Para. 4. Find out the specific causes in Para. 5 and Para. 6 respectively. What are the 3 stages illustrated in Para.7? According to John Beard, what kind of mistake do people always make? Whats wrong with the traditional way to check iron reserves? Find out suggested ways to co

14、rrect iron loss in Para. 10 and Para. 11.Part I (Para 1-3)Part I (Para 1-3) exercises, even moderate exercise, may lead to reduced iron in the blood of women.(Para. 1)supportingdetails2)Roseanne M. Lyles study shows.(Para. 2) 3) The new exercisers who followed their normal diet showed a decrease in

15、iron levels. (Para. 3) Central topic:Part II (Para 4-6)Part II (Para 4-6)General Effect (apra.4) general causes (para.4)1. ignore the amount of iron they take in2. monthly bleeding is a major source of iron loss3. rejrcting red meat4. not consume enough iron-rich food Why are women more likely to su

16、ffer from iron deficiency?Effect(Para4):Iron deficiency is very common among women.teenagers1/4womenaged18to451/5activewomen80%womenofchildbearingageatgreatestriskPart II (Para 4-6)Part II (Para 4-6)General Effect: iron deficiency is very common among women in general Cause2: (para.6)Exercise can re

17、sult in iron loss through a variety of mechanisms. Cause1: (para.5)Takes in only two thirds of the recommended daily allowance of iron1. Sweat 2. Bleeding of digestive system3. Blood vessels problem:problem: (para.7)3 stages of iron deficiency no symptomsfatigue and poorperformanceoften feel weak, t

18、ired and out of breathno matter which stage you are in, harm is there (para. 8)solutions:solutions:blood test to check iron reserves (para.9)modifying diet or taking supplements(para.10)eating iron-added food or cooking in iron pans(para.11)sum up: careful about food choices and pay attention to war

19、ning signs (para.12)Why do many people with low iron reserves dont know they have a deficiency, and what can they do in that case? Answer: Because traditional methods of calculating the amount of iron in blood is not sufficient. They can use a better method to check the amount of iron and have a yea

20、rly blood test to check blood iron reserves. What are good sources of iron, and in what way can people correct the deficiency?Answer: Meat, chicken, fish, dates, beans and some leafy green vegetables Select breads and cereals with the iron-added labels; cook in iron pans; avoid drinking coffee or te

21、a with meals. structure analysisPart I (Para. 1-3)Part I (Para. 1-3)Central topic + Supporting detailsPart II (Para. 4-6)Part II (Para. 4-6)Effects + CausesPart III (Para. 7-12)Part III (Para. 7-12)Problems + SolutionsPart I Part I (Para. 1-3)(Para. 1-3)CentralTopic:Exercise, even moderate exercise,

22、 may lead to reduced iron in the blood of women.-(para.1)Supportingdetails:A new study is cited to support the topic.-(para.2-para.3)Part II Part II (Para. 4-6)(Para. 4-6)EffectandGeneralCauses(Para.4):Iron deficiency is very common among women.SpecificCause1(Para.5)SpecificCause2(Para.6)Part III Pa

23、rt III (Para. 7-12)(Para. 7-12)3stagesofirondeficiency(Para.7-8)-ProblemsCheckirondeficiency(Para.9)-SolutionsSuggestedwaystocorrectirondeficiency(Para.10-12)-SolutionsSummary The text looks into the question of iron and how exercise can affect its levelsin the human body. moderate adj.1. average in

24、 amount, quality, etc.; not extreme2. of or having (usu. political) opinions that are not extreme Thewindismoderatetoday.FOR EXAMPLE:FOR EXAMPLE:Thehotelismoderateinitscharges.They were moderate in their demands.He is a child of only moderate ability.他们的要求不过分。他是一个能力一般的孩子。Detailed reading 1. eat or d

25、rink2. use, esp. in large amountsFOR EXAMPLE:FOR EXAMPLE:The children consumed all the hamburgers. Arguing about details consumed many hours of his valuable time.孩子们把汉堡全部吃完了。争论细节问题花费了他数小时宝贵的时间。consume v.supplement n.&v. TranslationTranslationamultiplevitaminandmineralsupplementaspecialsupplementtoam

26、onthlyfinancialmagazineTheyaredoingextrajobsoutsidetheirregularonestosupplementtheirincomes.bounce v.The child bounced on the bed.He bounced the ball against the wall.bounce back: recover well after a setback PHRASE:PHRASE:Shes had many misfortunes in her life but she always bounces back. He bounced

27、 back after his failurerespectively adv. spearately in the order mentionedThe nurses and the miners received pay rises of 8% and 12% respectively.respective: 各自的; 分别的respectful: 恭敬的; 表示尊重的（对待某人/某物）respectable: 体面的；正确的；值得尊敬的respecting: 关于Language points in part II别人尊重自己别人尊重自己去尊重别人去尊重别人respectrespectf

28、 ful ul a.a.尊敬的尊敬的,有礼貌的有礼貌的respectrespectababl le e a.a.受人尊敬的受人尊敬的,高尚的高尚的respective respective a.a.与与“尊重尊重”无关无关分别的分别的,各自的各自的respectingrespecting prep.prep.关于关于respectively adv.n He is a _ professor and we are _.n After class, we went back to our_ dorms.n We are preparing to hold a meeting to discuss

29、 problems _ the quality of education.respective respectful respectable respecting respectablerespectfulrespectiverespectingallowance n.deserve a government allowance 享受政府津贴 draw an allowance 领取津贴 COLLOCATION:COLLOCATION:especially money, provided regularly or for a special purposetraffic allowance 交

30、通补贴 monthly allowance 每月的零用钱 allowance for board and lodging 食宿补贴 education allowance 教育津贴 housing allowance 住房津贴 overtime allowance 加班费 PHRASE:PHRASE:make allowance(s) for: take sth into consideration We should make allowance for the needs of others.digest vt. 1. change (food) in the stomach so tha

31、t it can be used by the body 2. understand and rememberFOR FOR EXAMPLE:EXAMPLE:生病时，吃鱼是容易消化的。生病时，吃鱼是容易消化的。 Fish is easy to digest when youre ill. 报告内容太多，读一次无法全部报告内容太多，读一次无法全部领会。领会。The report contains too much to digest at one reading. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few

32、to be chewed and digested. - Francis Baconcompromise v.& n.make an agreement with (sb) by allowing him part of his demandscompromise on 就达成妥协 compromise with 与妥协 I wanted to go to Greece, and my wife wanted to go to Spain, so we compromised Italy.PHRASE:PHRASE:His chances of reelection were compromi

33、sed the scandal. Is the boss prepared to compromise the workers over their pay demand?BLANK FILLING:BLANK FILLING:onbywiththrow up vomit; be sick The strong smell made me throw up. EXAMPLE:EXAMPLE:throw away throw away 放弃，丢掉；放弃，丢掉； throw out throw out 否决，不接受；否决，不接受；PHRASE:PHRASE:Our proposal was not

34、 really thrown ; it is still under considerationDont throw those magazines . I havent read them yet.FILLING:FILLING:outawayderive vt. 1. get or obtain (sth.) (from sth. else)2. have (sth.) as an origin derive knowledge from reading derive a conclusion from facts从阅读中学到知识从阅读中学到知识从事实推出结论从事实推出结论EXAMPLE:

35、EXAMPLE:PHRASE:PHRASE:derive from1) obtain (especially a feeling or an advantage) fromHeisoneofthosepeoplewhocanpleasurehelpingothers.有些人从帮助他人中得到快乐，他便是其中之一。有些人从帮助他人中得到快乐，他便是其中之一。2) come from tofu 这个单词来自中文。ThewordtofuCerfere with preventsth.orslowdowntheprogress touchorchangesth.withoutperm

36、issionEverytimethetelephoneringsitinterfereswithmywork.很多人认为科学家不该做干涉大自然的事。 Manypeoplefeelthatscientistsshouldntinterferewithnature.EXAMPLETRANSLATIONEnglish to ChineseEnglish to Chineseasportsmedicineexpertanenduranceathleteenduranceexerciseirondeficiency/ironlossironsupplementswomenofchild-bearingage含铁丰富/加铁的食品运动医学专家耐力运动员耐力运动缺铁铁离子补充剂育龄女性iron-richfood;iron-addedfood;foodwithfortifiedirondigestivesystembloodvesselfatiguemoleculesofbloodproteinironreservebloodtestphysiciansurgeonsubstance消化系统血管疲劳血蛋白分子铁离子储量验血内科医生外科医生物质Gra