高中英语语法-被动语态详解word版本

1、高中英语语法-被动语态详解Task 1 Fill the blank by the song Baby, tell me how can I tell you That I you more than life Show me how can I show you That Im by your light When you touch me I can touch you To find out the dream is true I to be loved I need to be I to be by youloveblindedlovelovedlovelovedSummary: 主动

2、 or 被动？ 主动被动That I love you more than lifeThat Im blinded by your light I love to be loved I need to be lovedI love to be loved by you(五五 含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态： 英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：示主语是动作的承受者。如： They will build a new bridge

3、 over the river. (主动主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动被动) 汉语中常用汉语中常用“被被”、“给给”、“由由”、“受受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：等词用来表示被动，而英语用： 构成。构成。 主要体现在主要体现在bebe的变化上，其形式与系动词的变化上，其形式与系动词bebe的变化形式完全的变化形式完全一样。一样。 一般现在时：一般现在时： 一般过去时：一般过去时： 一般将来时：一般将来时： 一般过去将来时：一般过去将来时： 现在进行时：现在进行时： 过去进行时：过去进行时： 现在完成时：现在完成时： 过去完

4、成时：过去完成时： 将来完成时：将来完成时： 过去将来完成时：过去将来完成时： am / is / are + done am / is / are + done was / were + was / were + done shall / will + be shall / will + be done should / would + be should / would + be done am / is / are + being + am / is / are + being + done was / were + being + was / were + being + done h

5、ave / has + been + have / has + been + done had + been + had + been + done shall / will + have been + shall / will + have been + done should / would + have been + should / would + have been + done 1. 一般现在时：一般现在时： (1)People grow rice in the south of the country. (2)The school doesnt allow us to enter

6、 the chemistry lab without a teacher. .If he_ enough time, he will come up with an idea.A. gives B. will give C. is given D. will be given.A new film is going to _ this Sunday.A. show B. showing C. be shown D. be showingsummarysummary主动语态主动语态 S（主语）（主语）+v(动词动词)S(主语主语)+am/is/are +过去分词过去分词(done)一般现在时一般

7、现在时(simple present)：Task 3 Group Work1 一般过去时：一般过去时： 一般将来时一般将来时: 情态动词情态动词:S+was/were +P.P.S+ will+be+ P.P.S+can/may/must/shoud + be+ P.P.2. 一般过去时：一般过去时： (1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month. (2)The students didnt forget his lessons easily. 3. 一般将来时：一般将来时： (1)They will send c

8、ars abroad by sea. (2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers. . I promise that the matter will_. (NMET) A.be taden care B.be taken care of C.take care D.take care of析：析：take care of是固定短语，若无是固定短语，若无of则不可带宾语，则不可带宾语，只能跟只能跟that从句。所以此题答案为从句。所以此题答案为B。 4. 过去将来时：过去将来时： (1)The manager said they woul

9、d complete the project by the end of the year. (2) The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible. 5. 现在进行时：现在进行时： (1)The radio is broadcasting English lessons. (2) We are painting the rooms. . Have you got the result of the last examination?Not yet. Weve been told that the papers _

10、. A. are marked B. are being markedC. have been marked D. were marked此题答案应为此题答案应为B。.We cant use the bridge now, because it _.A. has been repaired B. is repairing C. is repaired D. is being repaired 6. 过去进行时：过去进行时： (1)The workers were mending the road. (2)This time last year we were planting trees he

11、re. 7. 现在完成时：现在完成时： (1)Someone has told me (2)He has brought his book here. 8. 过去完成时：过去完成时： (1)When I got to the theatre, I found (2) The whole country was very sad at the news of his death; A lot of new roads _ built in the west of China.A. must B. must be C. has D. have .His car _ tomorrow.A. will

12、 be repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired ( (四）四） 含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态： 含有情态动词的被动语态是由含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词情态动词+ be+ 及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词”构成。构成。 (1)You must hand in your compositions after class. (2)He can write a great many letters with the computer. Ask and answer watereve

13、ry day at homemy grandmaA: When are the flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered every day.A: Where are the flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered at home.A: Who are the flowers watered by?B: The flowers are watered by my grandma.A: Are the flowers watered by my grandma at home every day? B: y

14、es, they are.A: When are the flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered every day.A: Where are the flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered at home.A: Who are the flowers watered by?B: The flowers are watered by my grandma.A: When are the flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered every day.A: Whe

15、re are the flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered at home.A: Are the flowers watered by my grandma at home every day? B: yes, they are.A: Who are the flowers watered by?B: The flowers are watered by my grandma.A: When are the flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered every day.A: Where are the

16、flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered at home.When WhereWhosweepon weekendsin the kitchenmy motherWhen where whoI bought a computer last term A computer was bought (by me) last term.宾宾(受动者受动者)主主谓谓A computer was bought (by me) last term.Task 41. 1. 把主动语态变为被动语态时，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态把主动语态变为被动语态时，其谓语动词的时

17、态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。 We have bought a new computer. A new computer has been bought. (正确正确) A new computer have been bought. (错误错误) 2. 2. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。 My uncle gave me a present

18、on my birthday. I was given a present on my birthday. 如果把直接宾语如果把直接宾语( (指物指物) )改为主语，则在间接宾语改为主语，则在间接宾语( (指人指人) )前加适前加适当的介词，如上句还可以说：当的介词，如上句还可以说： A present was given to me yesterday. 一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词词 toto，如：如： bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, t

19、each, tell 等。等。 (1) The book was showed to the class. (2) My bike was lent to her. 2.一般一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词 forfor, , 如：如： build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等。等。 (1) A new skirt was made for me. (2) The meat was cooked for us.

20、(3) Some country music was played for us. 3. 当主动句的主语是当主动句的主语是nobody, no one等含有否定意等含有否定意义的不定代词时，被动句中将其变为义的不定代词时，被动句中将其变为anybody, 作作by的宾语，并将谓语动词变为否定的被动语态。的宾语，并将谓语动词变为否定的被动语态。如：如： Nobody can answer this question. 误：误：The question can be answered by nobody. 正：正： 6. 并不是所有动词都有被动语态并不是所有动词都有被动语态 1) happen,

21、take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组等不及物动词或词组无被动语态无被动语态。如：如：误误 Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978.正正 Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.2) open, break, drop等不强调动作发出者时常用等不强调动作发出者时常用主动语态。主动语态。如：如： 误误 The door has been opened of itself. 正正 The door

22、has opened of itself.8. 短语动词不可分割或省略其中的介词短语动词不可分割或省略其中的介词 或副词。或副词。如：如： The SARS patients have been taken good care of.9. 一些特殊动词一些特殊动词, 如如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等等 构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与 表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达 相应的意思，则需改换动词或时态。相应的意思，则需改换动词或时态。 如：

23、如： My brother has had (不能用不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years. How long has this book been bought? How long ago was this book bought?10. 10. 在汉语中，有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可在汉语中，有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构来表示，例如：用被动结构来表示，例如： 据说据说It is said that 据报导据报导It is reported that 据推测据推测It is supposed that 希望希望It is hoped that 众所周知众所周知 It is well known that 普遍认为普遍认为 It is generally considered that 有人建议有人建议 It is sugge