必须三Unit1 情态动词语法专题

1、Unit 1Learning about language词汇练习&情态动词语法Discovering useful words and expressions 1 Which of these words can become adjectives with the ous or al ending? Which can become nouns with the (a)tion ending? Choose the correct ending for each word then write the new word. Use the dictionary to help you

2、.religiousreligiondangerhumourcourageculturenationseasonoriginproduceeducatecelebratepredictdangeroushumourouscourageousculturalnationalseasonaloriginalproductioneducationcelebrationpredictionas though, belief, celebration, Christians, custom, have fun with, origin, religious2 Complete the passage b

3、elow with the words and expressions in the box.Many people think that Christmas is a western _, but in fact it is really a worldwide holiday. Christmas actually as a _ festival celebrated by _ around the world. Its _ is around the 3rd or 4th century AD, when the _ of remembering Jesus birth on Decem

4、ber 25th first started. Today, of course, many people celebrate Christmas _ it were just a holiday to _ family, rather than a holiday about a _. celebrationreligiousChristiansorigincustomas thoughhave fun withbeliefcustom, admire, feast, harvest, trick, belief, starve, gather, gain, look forward to3

5、 Complete each of the sentence with a suitable word or phrase from the box in its correct form.1. Dont _the day you stop suffering, because when it comes you know youll be dead. Tennessee Williams2. A dog _ at his masters gate predicts the ruin of the state. William Blake3. I would rather have a min

6、d opened by wonder than one closed by _. Gerry Spencelook forward tostarvingcustom4. _ you rosebuds while you may, old time is still a-flying, and this same flower that smiles today, tomorrow will be dying. Robert Herrick5. However big the fool, there is always a bigger fool to _ him. Nicolas Boilea

7、u-Despreaux6. _, then, is the great guide of human life. David HumeGatheradmireBelief7. Other peoples _ are always the best _, but ones own children are always the best children. Unknown8. There is no _ on earth does not end in parting. Unknownharvestsharvestsfeast9. Everyone has some _ they can do,

8、 but each has his own way of doing them. UnknownThose who can lose shall _ ; those who wish for _shall lose. -UnknowntricksgaingainGrammarModal verbs 情态动词主要表达说话人的情态动词主要表达说话人的看法、态度看法、态度等。从用法上来说，有这样几个特点：等。从用法上来说，有这样几个特点：一一是情态动词是情态动词自身都有一定的意义自身都有一定的意义，但不能表示正在发生或已经发生的但不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只事情，只表示期待或估计某事发生表示

9、期待或估计某事发生。二二是情态动词除是情态动词除ought和和have外，后外，后面必须接不带面必须接不带to的不定式的不定式。三三是情态动词是情态动词没有人称和数的变化没有人称和数的变化,也没有非谓语形式也没有非谓语形式。 只作情态动词的只作情态动词的: can/could, may/might, ought to, must 可情态可实义的可情态可实义的: need, dare/dared可情态可助动词的可情态可助动词的: shall/should, will/would相当于情态动词的相当于情态动词的: have to, used to1. must, cant1) must 表示必须、

10、必要表示必须、必要, must表示主观表示主观多一些多一些 而而have to则表示则表示客观多一些客观多一些。回答。回答must引出引出 的问句时的问句时, 如果是否定的回答如果是否定的回答, 不能用不能用mustnt, 而要用而要用neednt或或dont have to。如：如： Must we hand in our exercise books today? Yes, you must. (No, you dont have to.)2) cant在口语中代替在口语中代替mustnt时，表示禁止时，表示禁止 或不准。或不准。如如: You cant play football in

11、the street.3) must 表示推测时表示推测时, 只能用于肯定句只能用于肯定句。 There must be something wrong with the computer. 这个电脑肯定出了问题。这个电脑肯定出了问题。 You have worked hard all day. You must be tired.你努力学了一整天了，一定累了吧。你努力学了一整天了，一定累了吧。4) must +be doing/do 表示对表示对现在的动作现在的动作进行进行 肯定推测。如肯定推测。如: 他现在一定在看小说。他现在一定在看小说。 He must be reading novel

12、s now. They have bought a new car. They must have a lot of money. 他们买了一辆新车他们买了一辆新车, 他们一定很有钱。他们一定很有钱。5) must +have done 表示对表示对过去过去发生的事情发生的事情作出的肯定判断。作出的肯定判断。他们在玩篮球，他们一定已经完成了作业。他们在玩篮球，他们一定已经完成了作业。They are playing basketball, they must have finished their homework.路是湿的，路是湿的， 昨天晚上一定下雨了。昨天晚上一定下雨了。The road

13、 is wet. It must have rained last night.2. can, could 1) can /could 表示推测时表示推测时, 只能用在只能用在否定句否定句 或疑问句中或疑问句中。 Its so late. Can Tom be reading? 这么晚了这么晚了, 汤姆还在看书吗？汤姆还在看书吗？ It cant be Mary. She has fallen ill. 这个人不可能是玛丽这个人不可能是玛丽, 她生病了。她生病了。 She couldnt be telling lies. 她不可能在说谎。她不可能在说谎。2) can/could have do

14、ne 对对过去发生过去发生行为的可能行为的可能 性进行推测性进行推测: 刚才我还看见他了，所以他不可能出国的。刚才我还看见他了，所以他不可能出国的。 I saw him just now so he couldnt have gone abroad. 门是锁着的，所以她不可能在家。门是锁着的，所以她不可能在家。 The door was locked. She couldnt have been at home.3) can/could have done “本可以本可以, 本来可能本来可能已经已经”用于用于肯定句肯定句中中, 表示对表示对过去发生过去发生的事情的事情做出做出的判断。的判断。

15、你本来可以考的更好。你本来可以考的更好。You could have had a better mark.3. may/might1) may/might表示推测时表示推测时, 只能用于只能用于陈述句陈述句, 表示对现在或将来要发生的动作把握不大。表示对现在或将来要发生的动作把握不大。 她们明天可能会到这里来。她们明天可能会到这里来。 They may come here tomorrow. 他们可能还在等我们呢。他们可能还在等我们呢。 They may be still waiting for us.2) might 可用于可用于指过去的行为或者表示可能性指过去的行为或者表示可能性 更小更小

16、。 他也许在作功课吧。他也许在作功课吧。 He might be doing his homework now. 我问他我是否可以离开。我问他我是否可以离开。 I asked him if I might leave. I asked him “May I leave now?”3) might/may have done, 表示对表示对过去发生的动作过去发生的动作 进行可能性推测。进行可能性推测。 他可能去医务室了。他可能去医务室了。 He may have gone to the clinic. 他可能已经从报纸上知道这个消息了。他可能已经从报纸上知道这个消息了。 He might hav

17、e read about the news in the newspaper.Will /Would you do? 表表请求请求, 意志意志, 愿望愿望, 决心决心。would 表过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向表过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向 “总是，总要总是，总要”used to 表过去常常表过去常常(现在已没有这种习惯现在已没有这种习惯) “过去常常过去常常”used to 可与状态动词连用可与状态动词连用, would不可以不可以e.g. He used to be a quiet boy. () He would be a quiet boy. ( )4. will/would1) 表示

18、请求、建议等表示请求、建议等, would比比will委婉委婉 客气。客气。Would you pass me the book?2) 表示意志、愿望和决心。如：表示意志、愿望和决心。如：I will never do that again. They asked if we would do that again.5. shall, should1) 在在一、三一、三人称的疑问句中人称的疑问句中, shall用来用来 询问对方的询问对方的意愿意愿。如：。如： Shall we begin our lesson? When shall he be able to leave the hospi

19、tal?2) 用于用于二、三二、三人称的陈述句中人称的陈述句中, 表说话人表说话人 命令、警告、允诺命令、警告、允诺等口吻。如等口吻。如： He shall have the book when I finish reading. You shall do as I say.3) should表示表示劝告、建议、命令劝告、建议、命令, 其同义其同义 词是词是 ought to; 在在疑问句疑问句中中, 通常用通常用 should 代替代替 ought to。如：。如： You should go to class right away.4) should/ought to have done

20、过去应该过去应该 做的事情而没有做做的事情而没有做, 表责备。如：表责备。如： You should have written with a pen, not a pencil. Yes, I know I ought to have, but I had no pen to write with. 5) should / ought not to have done 过去不应该做的事情却做了过去不应该做的事情却做了, 表责备、表责备、 悔恨情感。如：悔恨情感。如： I was really anxious about you. You shouldnt have left home with

21、out a word. Im not feeling well in the stomach, I shouldnt have eaten so much fried chicken just now. 6) neednt have done 过去本不必做的过去本不必做的 事情实际上却做了。如：事情实际上却做了。如： You neednt have told him that. 1. When you are very sure of something, you use must in positive sentences and cannot or cant in negative sen

22、tences.e.g. You must be Jeanne. Im Mathilde Loisel. We used to know each other very well. It cant be true! I dont believe it.2. When you are quite sure about something, you use can. e.g. Attending a ball can be exciting.Practice 13. When you think that something is possible, but you are not very sur

23、e, you use could, may or might.e.g.You could borrow some jewellery from your friend Jeanne, who is married to a rich man.You may not know that the necklace I returned is not the one that I had borrowed.Dont you have a friend who might lend you some jewellery?Practice 2:表示推测表示推测情态动词的重要用法情态动词的重要用法1. Y

24、ou must be Mr Smith-I was told to expect you here.2. He must have known what we wanted.3. We may have read the same report.4. He cant have slept through all that noise.5. Theres someone outside-who can it be?6. What can they be doing?7. These pills might help to cure your disease.8. You could be rig

25、ht, I suppose.表示推测表示推测情态动词的重要用法情态动词的重要用法肯定的推测肯定的推测可能的推测可能的推测否定的推测否定的推测疑问的推测疑问的推测must 对将来对将来 对现在对现在 对过去对过去情态动词情态动词may, might cant, couldntcan, could + V. + V. + have done常见常见must be + be doing + V. + V. + have done + be doing 可以用可以用not表示表示“可能不可能不” +V. + V. + have done + be doing+ V. + V. + have done

26、+ be doing 1. I dont know where she is, she _ be in Wuhan. 2. At this moment, our teacher _ our exam papers. 这时这时, 我们老师想必在批改试卷。我们老师想必在批改试卷。 3. The road is wet. It _ last night. (rain) 4. Your mother _ for you. 你妈妈一定一直在找你。你妈妈一定一直在找你。maymust be markingmust have rainedmust have been lookingPractice 3:

27、Fill in the blanks. 5. Philip _ seriously in the car accident. 菲利普可能在车祸中受了重伤。菲利普可能在车祸中受了重伤。6. -Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here.-She _ (go) by bus.may (might) have been hurtmay (might) have gone7. Mike _ his car, for he came to work by bus this morning.迈克一定还没有找回他的车迈克一定还没有找回他的车, 因为早上他是因为早上他是 坐公共汽车来上班的。坐公共汽车来上班的。cant have found走进高考走进高考1.Jack described his father, who _a brave boy many years ago, as a strongwilled manA. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been D2. You _ buy a gift, but you can if you want to.A. must B. mustnt C. have to D. dont have to3. I h