2004年考研英语试题及答案

1、WORD格式2004年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section IListening ComprehensionDirections:ThissectionisdesignedtotestyourabilitytounderstandspokenEnglish.You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer thequestionsthataccompanythem.Therearethreepartsinthissection,PartA, Part B and PartC.Remember, w

2、hile you are doing the test, you should first put down youranswers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from yourtest booklet toANSWER SHEET.1Part ADirections:For questions 1-5, you will hear a talk about the ge

3、ography of Belgium.Whileyoulisten,filloutthetablewiththeinformationyouhaveheard.Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only1wordornumberineachnumberedbox.Youwillheartherecordingtwice.You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. (5 points)Geography of BelgiumThree main

4、regionscoastal plaincentral plateau1Highest altitude of the coastal plain_m2Climate near the seaHumid3Particularly rainy months of the yearsApril4AveragetemperaturesinJulyinlow13Brusselshigh_5Part BDirections:专业资料整理WORD格式For Questions 6-10, you will hear an interview with Mr. Saffo from theInstitute

5、 for the Future. While you listen, complete the sentences oranswerthequestions.Usenotmorethan3 wordsforeachanswer.Youwillhear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentencesand questions below. (5 points)What is Saffo according to himself?The InstitutefortheFutureprovidesservicest

6、oprivatecompaniesand _.TheInstitutebelievesthattothinksystematicallyaboutthelong-range future is_.To succeedinanything,one shouldbe flexible,curiousand_.What does Saffo consider to be essential to the work of a team?678910Part CDirections:Youwillhearthreepiecesofrecordedmaterial.Beforelisteningtoeac

7、hone, you will have time to read the questions related to it. Whilelistening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C orD. Afterlistening, you will have time to check your answers. You will hear eachpiece once only. (10 points)Questions 11-13 are based on the following talk about naming newborns.Yo

8、u now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11-13.11. What do we often do with the things we love?A Ask for their names.B Name babies after them.C Put down their names.D Choose names for them.12. Theunpleasant meaningof anold family name is oftenoverlooked if_.A the family tree is fairly limited专业资料整理WO

9、RD格式B the family tie is strong enoughC the name is commonly usedD nobody in the family complains13. Several months after a babys birth, its name will_.A show the beauty of its ownB develop more associationsC lose the original meaningD help form the babys personalityQuestions 14-16 are based on the b

10、iography of Bobby Moore, an Englishsoccer player. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14-16.14. How many matches did Moore play during his professional career?A 90B 108C 180D 66815. In 1964, Bobby Moore was made _.A Englands footballer of the yearB a soccer coach in West GermanyC a medalist fo

11、r his sportsmanshipD a number of the Order of the British Empire16. AfterMooreretiredfromplaying,thefirstthinghedidwas_.A editing Sunday SportB working for Capital RadioC managing professional soccer teamsD developing a sports marketing companyQuestions 17-20 are based on the following talk on the c

12、ity of Belfast.You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17-20.17. Belfast has long been famous for its _.A oil refineryB linen textilesC food products专业资料整理WORD格式D deepwater port18. Which of the following does Belfast chiefly export?A SoapB GrainC SteelD Tobacco19. When was Belfast founded?A In 117

13、7B In 1315C In the 16th centuryD In the 17th century20. What happened in Belfast in the late 18th century?A French refugees arrived.B The harbor was destroyed.C Shipbuilding began to flourish.D The city was taken by the English.Younowhave5minutestotransferallyouranswers fromyourtestbooklettoANSWER S

14、HEET.1Section IIUse of EnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankand mark A, B, C or D onANSWER SHEET.(110 points)Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquency(crimescommitted by youngpeople)focuseither onthe individual or onsocietyasthemajorcontributingin

15、fluence.Theories大21家ontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehavior大22家theywerenotsufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learnedcriminalbehaviorthrough大23家withothers.Theoriesfocusingon theroleofsocietysuggestthatchildrencommitcrimesin大24家totheirfailuretoriseaboveth

16、eirsocioeconomicstatus,大25家asarejection专业资料整理WORD格式of middle-class values.Mosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromdisadvantaged families,大26家the fact that children from wealthyhomes also commitcrimes. Thelattermay commit crimes大27家lack ofadequateparentalcontrol.Alltheories,however,

17、aretentativeand are大28家to criticism.Changes in the social structure may indirectly大29家juvenilecrime rates. Forexample, changesinthe economy that大30家to fewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemployment大31家makegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.Theresultingdiscontent may in大32家lead more y

18、ouths into criminal behavior.Familieshavealso大33家changestheseyears.Morefamiliesconsistofone-parenthouseholdsortwoworkingparents;大34家,childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome大35家wascommonin the traditional family大36家. This lack of parental supervisionis thought to be an influence on juvenile crim

19、e rates. Other大37家causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, theincreased大38家of drugs and alcohol, and the growing大39家ofchildabuseand childneglect.Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobability of a child committing a criminal act,大40家a directcausal relationship has not yet b

20、een established.21. A actingB relyingC centeringD commenting22. A before专业资料整理WORD格式B unlessC untilD because23. A interactionB assimilationC cooperationD consultation24. A returnB replyC referenceD response25. A orB but ratherC butD or else26. A consideringB ignoringC highlightingD discarding27. A o

21、nB inC forD with28. A immuneB resistantC sensitiveD subject29. A affectB reduceC checkD reflect专业资料整理WORD格式30. A pointB leadC comeD amount31. A in generalB on averageC by contrastD at length32. A caseB shortC turnD essence33. A survivedB noticedC undertakenD experienced34. A contrarilyB consequently

22、C similarlyD simultaneously35. A thanB thatC whichD as36. A systemB structureC conceptD heritage37. A assessableB identifiableC negligible专业资料整理WORD格式D incredible38. A expenseB restrictionC allocationD availability39. A incidenceB awarenessC exposureD popularity40. A providedB sinceC althoughD suppo

23、singSection IIIReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text bychoosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers onANSWER SHEE.T(410points)Text 1Huntingforajoblatelastyear,lawyerGantRedmonstumbledacrossCareerBuilder, a job database on the Internet.

24、He searched it with nosuccessbutwasattractedbythesites“personalsearchagent.Its an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such aslocation,title,andsalary,thenE-mailsthem whenamatchingpositionispostedinthedatabase.Redmonchosethekeywordslegal,intellectualproperty,andWashington,D.C.T

25、hreeweekslater,hegothisfirstnotificationofan opening.“Istruckgold,saysRedmon,whoE-mailedhis resume to the employer and won a position as in-house counsel fora company.With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet, findingpromisingopeningscanbe time-consumingand inefficient.Searchagentsreduc

26、e the need for repeated visits to the databases. But although asearchagentworkedforRedmon,careerexpertsseedrawbacks.Narrowing专业资料整理WORD格式yourcriteria,forexample,mayworkagainstyou:“Everytimeyou answera question you eliminate a possibility.says one expert.Foranyjobsearch,youshouldstartwithanarrowconce

27、ptwhatyouthinkyou wanttodo-thenbroadenit.“Noneoftheseprogramsdothat,saysanotherexpert.“Theresnocareercounselingimplicitinallofthis.Instead, the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind oftipservice to keep abreast of jobs in a particular database; when you getE-mail, consider it a reminder to che

28、ck the database again.“I wouldnot rely on agents for finding everything that is added to a databasethat might interest me,says the author of a job-searching guide.Somesitesdesigntheir agents totempt job hunters to return.WhenCareerSites agent sends out messages to those who have signed up foritsserv

29、ice,forexample,itincludesonlythreepotentialjobs-those itconsidersthebestmatches.Theremaybemorematchesinthedatabase;job hunters will have to visit the site again to find them - and theydo.“On the day after we send our messages, we see a sharpincrease inourtraffic,saysSethPeets,vicepresidentofmarketin

30、gforCareerSite.Even those who arent hunting for jobs may find search agentsworthwhile. Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for theirlineofworkorgatherinformationoncompensationtoarmthemselveswhennegotiatingfora raise.Althoughhappilyemployed,Redmonmaintainshis agent at CareerBuilder.“You

31、 always keep your eyes open,he says.Working with a personal search agent means having another set of eyeslooking out for you.41. How did Redmon find his job?A By searching openings in a job database.B By posting a matching position in a database.C By using a special service of a database.D By E-mail

32、ing his resume to a database.42. Which of the following can be a disadvantage of search agents?A Lack of counseling.B Limited number of visits.C Lower efficiency.D Fewer successful matches.43. The expression“tip service(Line 4, Paragraph 3) most probablymeans _.A advisory专业资料整理WORD格式B compensationC

33、interactionD reminder44. Why does CareerSites agent offer each job hunter only three joboptions?A To focus on better job matches.B To attract more returning visits.C To reserve space for more messages.D To increase the rate of success.45. Which of the following is true according to the text?A Person

34、al search agents are indispensable to job-hunters.B Some sites keep E-mailing job seekers to trace their demands.CPersonalsearchagentsarealsohelpfultothosealreadyemployed.D Some agents stop sending information to people once they areemployed.Text 2Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and d

35、iscriminationhave been condemned or made illegal. But one insidious form continuestothrive:alphabetism.This,forthoseasyetunawareofsuchadisadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnamesbegin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.It has long been known that a taxi firm call

36、ed AAAA cars has a bigadvantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phonedirectories. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has inlifeoverZo? Zysman. Englishnamesarefairlyevenlyspreadbetweenthehalves of the alphabet. Yet a suspiciously large number of top peoplehave surna

37、mes beginning with letters between A and K.ThustheAmericanpresidentandvice-presidenthavesurnamesstartingwithBandCrespectively;and26 ofGeorgeBushspredecessors(including his father) had surnames in the first half of the alphabetagainstjust16inthesecondhalf.Evenmorestriking,sixofthesevenheadsofgovernme

38、ntoftheG7richcountriesarealphabeticallyadvantaged(Berlusconi,Blair,Bush,Chirac,ChrétienandKoizumi).Theworld s three top central bankers (Greenspan, Duisenberg and Hayami) areallclosetothetopofthealphabet,evenifone ofthem reallyusesJapanesecharacters.Asaretheworld sfiverichestmen(Gates,Buffett,A

39、llen, Ellison and Albrecht).专业资料整理WORD格式Canthismerelybe coincidence?Onetheory,dreamtupinallthesparetime enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged, is that the rot setsinearly.Atthestartofthefirstyearininfantschool,teachersseatpupilsalphabeticallyfromthefront,tomakeiteasiertoremembertheirnames. So

40、short-sighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row, andisrarelyaskedtheimprovingquestionsposedbythoseinsensitiveteachers. At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think theyhave had a lucky escape. Yet the result may be worse qualifications,because they get less individual attention, as

41、well as less confidencein speaking publicly.Thehumiliationcontinues.Atuniversitygraduationceremonies,theABCs proudly get their awards first; by the time they reach the Zysmansmost people are literally having a ZZZ. Shortlists for job interviews,electionballotpapers,listsofconferencespeakersandattend

42、ees:alltend to be drawn up alphabetically, and their recipients lose interestas they plough through them.46. WhatdoestheauthorintendtoillustratewithAAAAcarsandZodiaccars?A A kind of overlooked inequality.B A type of conspicuous bias.C A type of personal prejudice.D A kind of brand discrimination.47.

43、 What can we infer from the first three paragraphs?A In both East and West, names are essential to success.B The alphabet is to blame for the failure of Zo? Zysman.C Customers often pay a lot of attention to companiesnames.D Some form of discrimination is too subtle to recognize.48. The 4th paragrap

44、h suggests that _.A questions are often put to the more intelligent studentsB alphabetically disadvantaged students often escape from classC teachers should pay attention to all of their studentsD students should be seated according to their eyesight49. What does the author mean by“most people are l

45、iterally having aZZZ(Lines 2-3, Paragraph 5)?A They are getting impatient.B They are noisily dozing off.专业资料整理WORD格式C They are feeling humiliated.D They are busy with word puzzles.50. Which of the following is true according to the text?APeoplewithsurnames beginningwithNtoZareoftenill-treated.B VIPs

46、 in the Western world gain a great deal from alphabetism.C The campaign to eliminate alphabetism still has a long way togo.D Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional bias.Text 3Whenitcomesto theslowing economy,Ellen Spero isntbiting hernails just yet. But the 47-year-old manicurist is

47、nt cutting, fillingorpolishingasmanynailsasshedliketo,either.Most ofherclientsspend $12 to $50weekly, butlastmonthtwo longtime customerssuddenlystopped showing up. Spero blames the softening economy.“Im a goodeconomic indicator,she says.“I provide a service that people candowithoutwhentheyreconcerne

48、daboutsavingsomedollars.SoSperoisdownscaling,shoppingatmiddle-brow Dillardsdepartmentstorenearher suburban Cleveland home, instead of Neiman Marcus.“I dont knowif other clients are going to abandon me, too.she says.Even before Alan Greenspans admission that Americas red-hoteconomy is cooling, lots o

49、f working folkshad already seen signs of theslowdownthemselves.FromcardealershipstoGapoutlets,saleshavebeenlaggingformonthsasshopperstempertheirspending.Forretailers,wholast year took in 24 percent of their revenue between Thanksgiving andChristmas, the cautious approach is coming at a crucial time.

50、 Already,expertssay,holidaysalesareoff7percentfromlastyearspace.Butdontsoundanyalarmsjustyet.Consumersseemonlymildlyconcerned,not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economyslong-term prospects, even as they do some modest belt-tightening.Consumerssaytheyrenotindespairbecause,des

51、pitethedreadfulheadlines, their own fortunes still feel pretty good. Home prices areholdingsteadyinmostregions.InManhattan,“theresanewgoldrush happening in the $4 million to $10 million range, predominantly fed byWall Street bonuses,says broker Barbara Corcoran. In San Francisco,prices are still ris

52、ing even as frenzied overbidding quiets.“Insteadof20 to30 offers,nowmaybeyouonlygettwoorthree,saysJohnTealdi,aBayAreareal-estatebroker.Andmostfolksstillfeelprettycomfortable about their ability to find and keep a job.Manyfolksseesilverliningstothisslowdown.Potentialhomebuyerswouldcheerforlowerintere

53、strates.Employerswouldntmindalittle专业资料整理WORD格式fewerbubblesinthejobmarket.Manyconsumersseemtohavebeeninfluencedbystock-marketswings,whichinvestorsnowviewasanecessary ingredient to a sustained boom. Diners might see an upside,too. Getting a table at Manhattans hot new Alain Ducasse restaurantused to

54、be impossible. Not anymore. For that, Greenspan & Co. may stillbe worth toasting.51. By“Ellen Spero isnt biting her nails just yet(Lines 1-2,Paragraph 1), the author means _.A Spero can hardly maintain her businessB Spero is too much engaged in her workC Spero has grown out of her bad habitD Spe

55、ro is not in a desperate situation52. How do the public feel about the current economic situation?A Optimistic.B Confused.C Carefree.D Panicked.53. Whenmentioning“the$4millionto$10millionrange(Lines3-4,Paragraph 3) the author is talking about _.A gold marketB real estateC stock exchangeD venture investment54. Whycanmanypeoplesee “silverliningstotheeconomicslowdown?A They would benefit in certain ways.B The stock market shows signs of recovery.C S