2017新人教版八年级英语下册知识点

1、 八年级英语下册知识点Unit 1 whats the matter?一、重点短语词组 1. have a fever 发烧2. have a cough 咳嗽3. have a toothache 牙疼4. talk too much 说得太多5. drink enough water 喝足够的水6. have a cold 受凉;感冒7. have a stomachache 胃疼8. have a sore back 背疼9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛10. lie down and rest 躺下来休息11. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶12.

2、 see a dentist 看牙医13. get an X-ray 拍X 光片14. take ones temperature 量体温15. balanced diet平衡饮食16. go along 沿着走17. take breaks 休息18. sound like 听起来像19. all weekend 整个周末20. in the same way 以同样的方式21. on the side of the road 在马路边22. shout for help 大声呼救23. without thinking twice 没有多想24. get off 下车 get on 上车2

3、5. have a heart problem 有心脏病26. to ones surprise 使.惊讶的27. thanks to 多亏了；由于28. in time 及时29. save a life 挽救生命30. get into trouble 造成麻烦31. agree to do sth. 同意做什么32. because of 由于33. get out of 离开;从出去34. hurt oneself 受伤35. put a bandage on sth.用绷带包扎36. fall down 摔倒37. feel sick 感到恶心38. have a nosebleed

4、 流鼻血39. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖40. put her head down 把她的头低下41. have problems breathing 呼吸困难42. mountain climbing 登山运动43. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事44. take risks 冒险45. so that 为了46. So that 如此 以至于47. be in control of 掌管;管理48. in a difficult situation 在困境中49. keep on doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事50. make a decisi

5、on 做出决定51. stay healthy 保持健康 =keep healthy=keep in good health=keep fit52. put some medicine on sth. 在上面敷药二、重点句型1. Whats the matter? 你怎么了？= Whats the trouble / problem with you?= Whats wrong with you?2. What should she do? 她该怎么办呢？Should I take my temperature? 我应该量一下体温吗？主语+ should/shouldnt + 动词原形.You

6、 should lie down and rest. 你应该躺下休息一会儿。 You shouldnt go out at night. 你晚上不应该出去。3. She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital 她说这个人有心脏问题需要去医院。4. Did you hurt yourself playing soccer? hurt oneself 伤了某人自己 你在踢球的时候伤了自己吗？5. I think I sat in the same way for too long without mov

7、ing.我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。三、知识点小结1. matter为可数名词，意为“问题，事情，”复数：matters, 近义词：problem/trouble. Dont do that; it will only make matters worse. 别那么做，那只会把事情搞得更糟糕。 matter 还可以作动词，意为：“要紧，有关系”主要用于否定句，疑问句和条件句中 It doesnt matter. 没关系 no matter how/ what/when/where/who.引导让步状语从句，意为：“无论怎么/什么/何时/哪里/谁.” No matter what t

8、he weather is like, well go there. 无论天气怎样，我们都会去那里2. maybe与may be: maybe是副词，译为“也许、可能”，相当于“perhaps”。如：Maybe he can answer the question. 也许他能回答那个问题。 He maybe is from the USA, too. 他可能也来自美国。 may be中的may为情态动词，译为“可能是.”。如：He may be from the USA, too. 他可能也来自美国。 She may be our English teacher. 她可能是我们的英语老师 3.

9、 few、a few、little、a little的区别和联系： . few / a few用来修饰可数名词，few表示否定意义，没有，几乎没有；a few表示有肯定意思，例如：He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他这里没朋友，他感觉寂寞。 There are a few eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。. little / a little用来修饰不可数名词，little表示否定意思，没有，几乎没有。a little 表示肯定意思，有一点儿。 例如：There is little ink in my bottle; c

10、an you give me a little ink? 我的瓶子里没有墨水了，你能给我点儿墨水吗？4. give sb some advice给某人提建议advice 是不可数名词a piece of advice 一则建议 take ones advice 采纳或听从某人的建议5. agree sb. to do sth. 同意某人做某事 agree with sb. 同意某人的意见disagree sb. to do sth. 不同意某人做某事 disagree with sb. 不同意某人的意见6. 辨析：die, dead, dying, deathdie为动词，表示“死，死亡”，指

11、因生病、年老、负伤等原因而死，是非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。dead为形容词，指“死的，无生命的”，表示状态，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。如果表达“死了多长时间”用“have/has been dead for十时间段”或“died十时间段十ago”表示。dyingdie的现在分词，作定语或表语，指“垂死的，要死的”。death为名词，指“死，死亡”，在句中作主语或宾语Unit 2 Ill help to clean up the city parks.一、重点短语 1. Clean-Up Day 清洁日 2. an old peoples home 养老院3. help o

12、ut with sth. 帮助解决困难 4. used to 曾经 过去5. care for 关心;照顾 6. the look of joy 快乐的表情7. at the age of 在.岁时8. clean up 打扫(或清除)干净9. cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振奋10. give out=hand out 分发;散发11. come up with 想出；提出12. make a plan 制订计划13. make some notices 做些公告牌14. try out 试用;参加选拔15. work for 为工作；为. 效力16. put up 建造;举起;张贴1

13、7. run out of 用完18. call up 打电话;召集19. put off 推迟;延迟20. for example 比如；例如21. raise money 筹钱;募捐22. take after 与.相像;像23. give away 赠送;捐赠24. fix up 修理;修补;解决25. be similar to 与相似27. disabled people 残疾人28. make a difference 影响;有作用29. Be excited about 对感到兴奋30. volunteer to do sth. 自愿做什么31. set up 建起，设立32.

14、after-school reading program课外阅读项目二、重点句型1. The boy could give out food at the food bank.这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物。2. Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now.清洁日离现在仅仅两周的时间。3. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning.每周六上午，他都在一家动物医院当志愿者。4. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer aft

15、er-school reading program.去年，她决定去参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者的选拔。5. I want to put off my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer.我想把我在动物医院工作的计划推迟到明年夏天。6. Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs to make lots of money.现在的大部分人只是为找一份能挣许多钱的好工作而着急。7. You helped to make it possible for me

16、 to have Lucky.在你的帮助下，我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”。三、知识点小结：1. cheer (sb.) up 使高兴、振作 clean up 打扫 clean-up n. 打扫 call up 打电话 set up 建起，设立2. sick adj. 生病的 作表语、定语 ；ill adj. 生病的 作表语, 不能作定语。 His mother was ill / sick, so he had to look after his sick mother at home. 3. come up with 提出 想出 = think up 想出； 辨析词组：catch up with

17、 赶上 追上 4. put off doing sth.推迟做某事 put on 穿上 (指穿的过程) put up 张贴/举起/搭建put away 把放好put down 放下put out 扑灭（火灾）5. each 每一个, 强调:个人，个别 常of 连用，做主语时，谓语动词用单数every 每个, 一切的, 则有“全体”的意思，不能与of 连用 6. put to use 把 投入使用，利用They put the new machine to use. 他们把新机器投入使用 7. plan to do 计划做某事 plan + 从句I plan to go to Beijing.

18、=I plan (that) I will go to Beijing. 我计划去北京。8. join 参加 (指：参加团体、组织) 如：join the Party 入党take part in 参加 (指：参加活动) 如：take part in sports meeting 参加运动会 9. run out 与 run out ofrun out (become used up). 其主语往往为物。如时间，食物，金钱，油等，本身就含有被动意义。His money soon ran out. 他的钱很快就花光了。 run out of 主语为人，表示主动含义。He is always ru

19、nning out of money before pay day. 他总是在发工资的日子还没有到就把钱花完了。 10. take after (在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像近义词：be similar to 与.相像 辨析词：look after 照顾 take care of 照顾 11. work out 算出，制订出，消耗完（精力等）12. hang out 闲荡 闲逛 辨析词： hang over 笼罩 hang up 悬挂13. be able to do 能 会 be unable to do 不能 不会 14. fill with 使充满 用填充She filled t

20、he bowl with water. 她用水填满碗。 15. hand out = give out 分发 give out sth to sb. 分.给某人 give up doing sth放弃 如：give up smoking 放弃吸烟give away 赠送 捐赠 give away sth. to . 16. help sb. out 帮助做事，解决难题(摆脱困境)I cant work out this math problem. Please help me out. 我不能算出这道数学问题，请你帮我解决。17. train n. 火车 train v. 训练 train s

21、b. to do. 训练某人做某事She trains her dog to fetch things. 她训练她的狗去取东西。 18. at once = right away 立刻 马上 如: Do it at once. 马上去做。Ill go there at once/ right away. 我马上去那里。19. one day 有一天 (指将来/过去) some day 有一天(指将来) 如: One day I went to Beijing. 有一天我去了北京。Some day Ill go to Beijing. 有一天我将去北京。 20. disabled adj. 肢体

22、有残疾的 disable v. 不能21. volunteer 可数名词 “志愿者” v. 自愿做 volunteer to do sthThey are the Chinese Peoples Volunteers. 他们是中国人民志愿军。I volunteer to help you. 我自愿帮助你。Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?一、重点短语词组 1. go out for dinner 出去吃饭2. stay out late 在外面待到很晚3. go to the movies 去看电影4. get a ride 搭便车5. work

23、on 从事work at. 在.工作6. do the dishes 洗餐具7. take out the rubbish 倒垃圾 8. fold your/the clothes 折叠衣服9. sweep the floor 扫地10. make your/the bed 整理床铺11. throw down 扔下12. take sb for a walk 带某人去散步13. all the time 一直;总是14. all day/evening 整日/夜15. shout back 大声回应16. walk away 走开17. share the housework 分担家务 18

24、. a comfortable home 一个舒适的家19. in surprise 惊讶地20. get something to drink 拿点喝的东西21. watch one show 观看一个节目22. do chores 做杂务23. pass sb. sth. 把某物传给某人24. get sth. wet 使某物弄湿25. a waste of time浪费时间26. get good grades取得好成绩27. depend on依赖;依靠28. Providewith给提供29. develop childrens independence发展孩子的独立性30. do

25、one s part in (doing ) sth.做某人分内的事二、重点句型1. Could you please do sth? / Could you please not do sth?=Would you please clean your room? / Will you please do sth?你能整理一下你的房间吗？2. I have to do some work.我必须干些活。3. She wont be happy if she sees this mess.如果她看到这样乱七八糟的话，她会不高兴的。4. For one week, she did not do a

26、ny housework and neither did I.整整一周，她什么家务活都不干了，我也一样。5. My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV.我一在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。三、知识点小结1. hate + ( to do / doing) sth. 讨厌做某事 如：I hate to do chores.2. invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做什么 invite sb. to a party邀请某人参加聚会 如：They invited me to join their club. 他们邀

27、请我参加俱乐部。3. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 make sb +adj. 使某人怎样。 如：It makes me feel comfortable. He makes me very angry.4. in order to为了 in order to +动词短语 in order that +句子 = so that 如：He got up early in order to catch the early bus =He got up early in order that/so that he could catch the early bus5. mind d

28、oing sth. 介意做某事mind sb doing sth 介意某人做什么。6. throw about 乱扔throw down 撂下，扔下 throw away 扔掉throw at 扔向.Unit 4 Why dont you talk to your parents?一、重点短语 1. have free time有空闲时间2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事3. hang out with sb. 与某人闲逛4. after-school classes课外活动课5. get into a fight with sb.与某人打架6. until mid

29、night直到半夜7. talk to sb. 与某人交谈8. study too much学得过多9. get enough sleep有足够的睡眠10. call sb. up打电话给某人11. surprise sb. 使某人惊讶12. look through翻看13. be angry with sb. 生某人的气14. a big deal重要的事15. work out成功地发展;解决16. get on with和相处,关系良好17. fight a lot经常吵架/打架18. hang over笼罩19. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事20. offer to

30、 do sth. 主动提出做某事21. in future今后22. worry about sth. 担心某事 23. cut out删除24. copy ones homework抄袭某人作业25. be oneself做自己26. family members27. spend time alone独自消磨时光28. give sb. pressure给某人施压29. have a fight with sb. 与某人吵架30. compete with sb. 与某人竞争31. free time activities业余活动32. get better grades取得更好的成绩33

31、. give ones opinion提出某人的观点34. learn exam skills学习应试技巧35. practice sports体育训练36. cause stress造成压力二、重点句型1. I studied until mid night last night so I didnt get enough sleep.我昨晚学习到半夜所以睡眠不足。2. Why dont you forget about it?你为什么不忘掉它呢？3. Although shes wrong, its not a big deal.虽然她错了, 但这并不是什么大事儿。4. He should

32、 talk to his friend so that he can say h hes sorry.他应该跟朋友谈谈以便他能说声对不起。5. May be you could go to his house.也许你可以去他家。6. I guess I could, bu t I dont want to surprise him.我想我可以.但我不想让他感到惊讶。Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?一、重点短语 1. make sure 确信;确认2. beat against. 拍打 3. fall asleep 进人梦乡；

33、睡着4. die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失5. wake up 醒来6. in a mess 一团糟7. break. . apart 使分离8. in times of difficulty 在困难的时候9. at the time of 当.时候10. go off (闹钟)发出响声11. take a hot shower 洗热水澡12. miss the bus 错过公交车13. pick up 接电话14. bring. together 使靠拢15. in the area 在这个地区16. miss the event 错过这个事件17. by the side of the

34、 road 在路边18. the Animal Helpline 动物保护热线19. walk by 走路经过20. make ones way to某人去的路上21. hear the news 听到这个消息22. in history 历史上23. for example 例如24. be killed 被杀害25. over 50 50多(岁）26. a school pupil 一个小学生27. on the radio 通过广播28. in silence 沉默;无声29. more recently 最近地;新近30. the World Trade Center 世贸中心31.

35、take down 拆除;摧毁32. have meaning to 对有意义33. remember doing sth. 记得做过某事34. at first 首先;最初二、重点句型1. -What were you doing at eight last night? 昨晚8 点你在干什么？-I was taking a shower. 我在洗淋浴。2. When it began to rain, Ben was helping his mom make dinner.当开始下雨的时候，本正在帮他妈妈做晚饭。3. -What was Jenny doing while Linda wa

36、s sleeping?琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在干什么？-While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping Mary with her homework.琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在帮玛丽做作业。三、知识点小结1. take off (1)起飞 When did the plane take off yesterday ? 飞机什么时候起飞？(2) 脱下(衣帽等) He took off his coat as soon as he went into the room . 他一进房间就脱掉了外套。(3) 取消 They will take off the

37、5 am train . 他们取消了早上5点的火车。2. happen 发生 具体事件偶然的没有预见的发生(1) happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事I happened to meet one of my old friends in the park yesterday. 昨天我在公园碰巧遇见我的一个老朋友。 (2) sth happens to sb. 某人发生了某事An car accident happened to him last month .上个月他发生了交通事故. take place发生 按计划进行或按计划发生3. follow (1) 跟随 I followe

38、d him up the hill . 我跟着他上了山.(2) 沿着前进 Follow this road until you get to the post office .顺着这条路一直到邮局.(3) 听懂,理解 Could you speak more slowly ? I cant follow you. 你能说慢点吗？我听不懂。 (4) follow sb. to do sth. 跟着某人做某事Please follow me to read the story. 请跟我读这个故事。4. scared 恐惧的, 害怕的=afraid恐惧的, 害怕的 Im very scared /

39、afraid. 我很害怕. be scared / afraid of sth 害怕某物如：Are you scared / afraid of snakes? 你害怕蛇吗？ be scared / afraid to do sth害怕做某事如：He is scared / afraid to go out at night. 他害怕晚上出去。 be scared / afraid of doing sth害怕做某事 如：He is scared / afraid of going out at night.5. silence n. 寂静/无声 silent adj. 沉默的, 寂静的 Th

40、eres nothing but silence in the room. 屋内寂静无声 . Keep in silence. 保持沉默.6. be good for sth. / doing sth. 对什么有益 ，对什么有好处 be bad for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有害 be good to 对好be good at =do well in 在方面好，擅长 be good(bad) for、be good at的相关用法 .be good for 对.有益Doing morning exercises is good for your health. 做早操对你们的

41、建康有益。.be good at 擅长于.Li Ping is good at basketball. 李平擅长于篮球。= Li Ping is good at playing basketball. 李平擅长于打篮球。 be good at = do well in 如：I'm good at math. = I do well in math. 我擅长于数学。 .be good to 对.好Parents are always good to their children.父母亲总是对他们的孩子好。 Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mount

42、ains一、重点短语 1. work on doing sth. 致力于做某事2. as soon as . 一就.3. once upon a time 从前4. continue to do sth. 继续做某事5. make sth. happen 使某事发生6. try to do sth. 试图做某事7. the journey to sp. .之旅8. tell the/a story 讲故事9. a little bit 有点儿10. keep doing sth. 坚持做某事11. instead of 代替;反而12. turn . into 变成13. get marrie

43、d 结婚14. the main character 主要人物；主人公15. at other times 在另外一些时候16. come out (书、电影等)出版17. become interested in对感兴趣18. walk to the other side 走到另一边去19. a fairy tale 一个神话故事20. the rest of the story 故事的其余部分21. leave sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事22. make a plan to do sth.计划做某事23. go to sleep 去睡觉24. lead sb. to sp.

44、 把某人领到某地25. get lost 迷路26. change ones plan 改变计划27. tell sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事28. the next day 第二天29. send sb. to sp. 派某人去某地30. find ones way home 找到某人回家路二、重点句型1. What do you think about/of.?So what do you think about the story of Yu Gong?你觉得愚公的故事怎么样？2. It doesnt seem + adj. to do sth.It doesnt seem

45、 very possible to move -a mountain.把一座山给移掉好像不太可能。3. It takes sb. some time to do sth.Because they were so big that it took a long time to walk to the other side.这些（山）太高了，他们要花好长时间才能翻越过去。4 . not. . until十从句Don t eat it until you get to the forest.你们到达森林之后才能吃。三、知识点小结1. shoot v.射，射击，(shot，shot) Hou Yi s

46、hoots the sun后羿射日 shoot at sth. 瞄准/朝 射击 shoot to 射中.2. weak adj. 虚弱的，无力的，the week 在英语中，有些形容词前加定冠词表一类人或事物。其意义为复数。做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：the old / the young / the rich / the poor / the deaf / the blind / the disabled 3. move v.打动；使感动 be moved (by sth. / sb.) （被某人/事）感动 I was moves by your kindness. 我被你的善良大动了

47、。 4. remind v.“提醒，使想起”，及物动词 (1) remind sb. of sth .让我们想起某事：The old photo reminds me of my childhood. 这张老照片让我想起了我的童年。 (2) remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事：My parents often remind me to study hard. 我的父母总是提醒我要努力学习。 5. I think its a little bit silly. 我认为那有点儿傻。(1) a little bit 意为“有点儿”，后加形容词，相当于a little，a bit

48、：如：This is a little bit difficult for me. 这对我来说有点难。(2) bit n.一点，一块； a bit +形容词，a bit silly；a bit of 后加名词：a bit of time 一点时间 6. o. “使变成.”如：Please turn this into English. 请把这个译成英语。7. come outa. 出版：That magazine comes out every Monday. 那本杂志每周一出版。b. 出来，出现，开花 The stars come out as soon as it was

49、dark. 天一黑星星就出来了。 c. 传出，真相大白：The truth has come out at last. 最后真相大白了。8. become interested in 对?.感兴趣 = be interested in 后接名词，代词，动名词 I became interested in piano. 我对钢琴感兴趣。9. whole adj. 全部的, 整体的 whole后通常跟可数名词，前加the/ this/ my等形容词性物主代词修饰 The old man told us the whole story. 老人给我们讲了整个故事。all也指: 所有的，修饰可数或不可数

50、名词，放在the/ this/ my等词前。 10. be made of 由制成，如made of sugar made of woodbe made of由制成，看得出原材料；be made from由制成，看不出原材料Unit 7 W hats the highest mountain in the world?一、重点短语1. the population of .的人口2. be in danger 处于危险之中3. feel free to do sth. 随意地做某事4. as far as I know 据我所知5. man-made objects 人造物体6. part o

51、f. 的组成部分7. the highest mountain 最高的山脉8. in the world 在世界上9. any other mountain 其他任何一座山10. all the salt lakes 所有的咸水湖11. run along 绵延，横亘 12. freezing weather condition冰冻天气13. take in . 吸入，吞入.14. endangered animals 濒危动物15. in the face of difficulties 面临危险16. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事17. achieve ones dre

52、am 实现某人的梦想18. the forces of nature 自然界的力量19. reach the top 到达顶峰20. even though 虽然;尽管21. at birth 在出生的时候22. be awake 醒着23. run over with excitement 兴奋地跑去24. walk into sb. 撞到某人25. fall over 摔倒27. every two years 每两年28. the first people to do sth. 第一个做的人29. cut down the forests 砍伐林木30. protectfrom 阻止31

53、. the importance of saving these animals 拯救这些动物的重要性二、重点句型与知识点小结1. It is adj. + (for sb) to do sth.如：It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. 当你接近山顶时，连呼吸都会困难。2. is because. One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. 其中的一个主要的原因是人们想要在面临困难时 挑战自己。3. show(s) that. The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. 这些登山者的精神向我们证明：我们永远都不应 该放弃实现自己的梦想。4, 表达事物的长，宽，高， sth. /sb. +be+数量+单位+形容词long, wide, tall, deep。 如：The river is 2 meters deep. Qomolangma is 8,844.43 meters h