医学影像学20147年制呼吸

1、The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Trachea and bronchiLungsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Trachea and BronchiBronchiectasis（dilati

2、on）The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 气管、支气管病变气管、支气管病变CT管腔内管腔内管壁增厚管壁增厚管腔狭窄和闭塞管腔狭窄和闭塞管腔扩张管腔扩张The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Bronchial carcinoidThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical

3、 University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 肺部病变肺部病变 结节与肿块结节与肿块cavityInterstitial The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 双侧双侧肺野透明度增高肺野透

4、明度增高 肺纹理减少肺纹理减少 可有肺大疱可有肺大疱 胸廓膨大、胸廓膨大、肋间隙增宽肋间隙增宽（桶状胸）（桶状胸） 膈肌低平、心影狭长膈肌低平、心影狭长 侧位片显示胸骨后透亮区增宽侧位片显示胸骨后透亮区增宽The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University （The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Note bilateral flattening of the diaphragms and significant hyperinflation as

5、demonstrated by visualization of 11 posterior ribs.The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 局限性局限性肺气肿肺气肿 野局部透亮度增加野局部透亮度增加 肺纹理减少肺纹理减少 患侧横膈下降患侧横膈下降 纵隔向对侧移位纵隔向对侧移位The

6、First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Localized Obstructive EmphysemaThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University CTCentrilobularPanlobularParaseptalThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Atelectasis may affect all or part of a lung .CT scans are ad

7、ditionally helpful in identifying and localizing an obstructing bronchial lesion, as does careful examination of the mediastinum, hilum, and pleura. The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University of an Entire Lung , ribs closer t

8、ogether The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University complete right lung atelectasis complete atelectasis of the left lung The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Right upper lobe collapseThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Right upper lobe col

9、lapseThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Direct signs: Opacification of the collapsed lobe Displacement of fissures Lung markings vessel，bronchi) gathering togetherIndirect signs: Elevation of the ipsilateral diaphragm

10、 Mediastinal shift toward the side of collapse Displacement of the hilum Compensatory hyperlucency of the remaining lobesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Right middle lobe collapseThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Da

11、lian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University ？左肺下叶不张左肺下叶不张The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Alveolus, lobuluspatchy opa

12、cities The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Air bronchogram ）Presence of air-filled bronchus within the consolidatory lung tissue The First Affiliated Hospital

13、of Dalian Medical University Air bronchogram sign The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 肺肺 实实 变变The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The Fi

14、rst Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University HRCTpopcorn calcificationThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 肺癌肺癌 The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University RadioGraphics 2008.28（5）1262Nasal AirwayA computed tomographic section (an inferior view with three

15、-dimensional color rendering) across the human nasal passages shows the inferior turbinates (center) and the maxillary sinuses (in blue) on either side. By using his “rainbow technique” for color rendering,the author reveals beautiful rainbows in the nasopharynx (bottom).The First Affiliated Hospita

16、l of Dalian Medical University Discrete pulmonary opacity Nodule : smaller than 2 cm Mass : larger than 2 cm Appearance margin densitysurrounding pleura, etc.The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University nodule calcificationhamartoma tuberculoma10% lung cancerThe First Affiliated Hospit

17、al of Dalian Medical University nodule fathamartomaThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University nodule The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 卫星病灶The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Th

18、e First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Malignant Lobulation The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Malignant Spiculation 浓密、僵硬的短细毛刺，似绒球浓密、僵硬的短细毛

19、刺，似绒球The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Malignant 月晕征月晕征 周围环以磨玻璃样影周围环以磨玻璃样影The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University vacuole sign The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Vascular convergence sign The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medi

20、cal University 胸膜凹陷征胸膜凹陷征 pleural indentation病灶与胸膜间的病灶与胸膜间的“V”形或索条状致密影形或索条状致密影病理基础：肿瘤内瘢痕收缩导致胸膜内陷病理基础：肿瘤内瘢痕收缩导致胸膜内陷以腺癌和细支气管肺泡癌多见以腺癌和细支气管肺泡癌多见见185页胸膜病变The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of

21、Dalian Medical University 壁结节壁结节空洞：内壁不规则、壁结节空洞：内壁不规则、壁结节 mural noduleThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Malignant Nodules or Mass The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospita

22、l of Dalian Medical University CavityThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Air crescent signThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First

23、Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Cavity 病变内发生坏死，坏死组织经支气管排出后形成病变内发生坏死，坏死组织经支气管排出后形成 多见于肺结核、肺脓肿、肺癌多见于肺结核、肺脓肿、肺癌空洞壁为坏死、肉芽、纤维组织、肿瘤空洞壁为坏死、肉芽、纤维组织、肿瘤 大小形态不同、有完整洞壁的透明区大小形态不同、有完整洞壁的透明区 分为：分为：虫蚀样空洞虫蚀样空洞 Worm-eaten cavity 薄壁空洞薄壁空洞 Thin

24、-walled cavity 厚壁空洞厚壁空洞 Thick-walled cavity The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Moth-eaten Cavity大片坏死组织中的多发小空洞大片坏死组织中的多发小空洞大片阴影内多发小透明区如虫蚀状大片阴影内多发小透明区如虫蚀状见于结核见于结核干酪性肺炎干酪性肺炎The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Thin-walled Cavity The First Affiliated Hospita

25、l of Dalian Medical University Thick-walled Cavitymural nodule 肺脓肿：肺脓肿：air-fluid levelThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University mural nodule The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 结核球厚壁空洞The First Affilia

26、ted Hospital of Dalian Medical University 大连医科大学附属第一医院放射科肺脓肿厚壁空洞The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 大连医科大学附属第一医院放射科肺鳞癌厚壁空洞The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Interstitial The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Interstitial Pulmonary F

27、ibrosis The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 支气管血管束周围间质增厚（界面征）支气管血管束周围间质增厚（界面征）The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 支气管血管束周围间质增厚支气管血管束周围间质增厚（印戒征）：支气管扩张（印戒征）：支气管扩张bronchiectasisThe First Affiliated

28、Hospital of Dalian Medical University 大连医科大学附属第一医院放射科The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 长索条长索条次级小叶异常次级小叶异常The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical Univ

29、ersity 大连医科大学附属第一医院放射科The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 肺间质纤维化胸膜下弧线影大连医科大学附属第一医院放射科The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Parenchymal bands 、subpleural lineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian

30、Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 大连医科大学附属第一医院放射科串珠样间隔（串珠样间隔（beaded septum）CT表现表现不规则或结节状的小叶间隔增厚，似一串珠子不规则或结节状的小叶间隔增厚，似一串珠子常见于癌的淋巴管播散和较少的结节病中常见于癌的淋巴管播散和较少的结节病中The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 大连医科大学附属第一医院放射科The First Affiliated Hosp

31、ital of Dalian Medical University 大连医科大学附属第一医院放射科F/60y乳腺癌术后，现呼吸困难The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 大连医科大学附属第一医院放射科影像园图片The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Ground-glass opacity（GGO） Ground-glass opacity is defined as hazy opacity that does not obscure u

32、nderlying bronchial structures or pulmonary vessels at high-resolution computed tomography (CT) . Ground-glass opacity may be caused by partial airspace filling; interstitial thickening with inflammation, edema, fibrosis, or neoplastic proliferation; or interstitial thickening with partial airspace

33、filling. The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 大连医科大学附属第一医院放射科The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University of Lungs cavityInterstitial The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Af

34、filiated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Pleural nodules and massesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 大量大量少量少量The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Me

35、dical University 肋间隙增宽、纵隔向健侧移位肋间隙增宽、纵隔向健侧移位 The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Interlobar effusionThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University T

36、he First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Tension PneumothoraxAir enters right hemithorax either from tear

37、in lung or hole in chest wall on inspiration; does not exit on expirationThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 液液 气气 胸胸The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Me

38、dical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Pleural Nodules and Masses见于胸膜间皮瘤、转移瘤等见于胸膜间皮瘤、转移瘤等 X线不易与胸膜其他病变及肺病变鉴别线不易与胸膜其他病变及肺病变鉴别 CT易于发现、定位、定性和鉴别易于发现、定位、定性和鉴别The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical Univ

39、ersity The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 纵隔纵隔CTThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 脂肪密度、实性、囊性、血管性脂肪密度、实性、囊性、血管性The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 胸内甲状腺肿（前纵隔上）胸内甲状腺肿（前纵隔上）胸腺瘤（前纵隔中）胸腺瘤（前纵隔中）畸胎瘤（前纵隔中）畸胎瘤（前纵隔中）淋巴瘤（中纵隔中上）淋巴瘤（中纵隔中上）（中纵隔中上）（中纵隔中上） （中纵隔下）（中纵隔下）神经源性肿瘤（后纵隔）神经源性肿瘤（后纵隔）The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 胸内甲状腺肿（前纵隔上部、胸廓入口）胸内甲状腺肿（前纵隔上部、胸廓入口）胸腺瘤（前纵隔中部）胸腺瘤（前纵隔中部）畸胎瘤（前纵隔中部）畸胎瘤（前纵隔中部）