牛津上海版高二英语状语从句二自制超好用教师版

1、高二状语从句专题二（本部分主要讲条件、时间状语从句及让步状语从句，让学生通过例句来总结知识点，适合自主学习性比较强的学员）1.状语从句定义：状语从句在复合句中起状语的作用，用于修饰主句中的谓语动词、形容词和副词等。状语从句一般由连词引导，连词不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。根据它的意思，可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步状语从句。2.引导状语从句的连词叫从属连词，位置可放在句首或句末，放在句首时，常用逗号与主句分开；放在句末时，从句前面往往不用逗号。NO.1条件状语从句1. 概念：由引导词if或unless引导的状语从句叫做条件状语从句。在英文中，条件是指某一件事情实现之

2、后(状语从句中的动作)，其它事情(主句中的动作)才能发生，通常译作"假如"。注意:在含有条件状语从句的复合句中，表示将来时态，主句是一般将来时态,祈使句或情态动词，从句要用现在时态,主将从现原则(主将从现，并非指将来时，还指表示将来含义的，跟着if后的那句话是从句。)2.关系词: 主要的有if，unless，as/so long as 等。 eg1：除非我打电话，否则你别来。 Don't come unless I telephone. 如果你仔细看，你会看出该怎样做。 If you watch carefully you will see how to do it

3、.只要你尽力，我们就满意了。 As long as you do your best, we'll be happy.3.常见引导词a: In case表示 “如果”、“万一”In case I forget, please remind me about it. 如果我忘了，请提醒我。Take a coat in case the weather turns cold.带上一件外衣吧，以防天气转凉了。Take a taxi in case you are late for the meeting.作车租车去，免得开会迟到。注意：in case 的意思是“万一，以防”，常用来引导条件状

4、语从句。扩展：in case 的用法注意事项1） in case 与in case of性质不同：in case 可用作连词和副词；in case of 用作介词。In case of fire, ring the bell. 如发生火灾，请按铃。The wall was built along the river in case of floods. 沿江筑了堤坝以防有洪水。2）in case与if有时意思不同：Ill come tomorrow in case Ann wants me. 明天我要来，以备安找我。 Ill come tomorrow if Ann wants me. 如果安

5、找我，我明天就来。 b. if和unless 表示“如果，除非；如果不”的意思，相当于ifnot,有时二者可以换用。If you have any questions or comments, you can voice them now. 你们如果有任何疑问或意见，可以现在提出。 If you dont visit him tomorrow, he will be angry. 如果你明天不去看他，他会生气的。 =Unless you visit him tomorrow, hell be angry.除非你明天去看他，否则他就会生气的。C. as long as和so long as表示“

6、只要”的意思Naturally, so long as they can understand. 当然可以，只要他们能理解。 So long as I live, I must study. 只要还活着，我就要学习。Very well, so long as everybody joins in.很好，只要大家都参加。So long as studies attentively, anything will learn well. 只要用心学，什么都可以学好的。d. Provided/supposing/on condition that表示“在的条件下”We can finish the j

7、ob in time provided/on condition that there is a stable supply of material. 在材料供应稳定的前提下，我们能够按时完成任务。注意：provided that表示“在的前提/条件下”，就是on condition that，其格式固定，不用providing that。Supposing that now you are at the airport, then you can directly take the blue bus to get to the hotel.如果你现在到了机场，你可以直接乘坐巴士到酒店。注意：

8、supposing that也表示“在的前提/条件下”. 假设你已经到达了机场的条件下，你就可以选择巴士公共交通去酒店了。e. once表示“一旦就” Once I killed you, you are not able to live on. 一旦我杀了你，你就不能存活了。注意：once引导条件状语从句，表示“一旦”。Once可以用作时间状语从句，也可以翻译成为一就，只是哪个更贴切的不同。4. 条件状语从句的时态遵循原则：主语与从句时态上保持一致的原则。1） Hell be a doctor when he finishes studying here.他结束在这儿的学习之后，将会成为一名

9、医生。If it doesnt rain tomorrow, well start. 明天如果不下雨，我们就出发。注意：条件状语从句的主句是一般将来时，那么从句常常用一般现在时，有时也可以用现在进行时和现在完成时。两个例句中的主句都是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。2） If you get the book, let me know. 如果你弄到了那本书，告诉我一声。If he feels like seeing the sights of the city, he can take a bus tour. 如果他想看城市风光，他可以做城市观光车。注意：有时主句中用祈使句和情态动词来替代将来时

10、态。3） What do you want to do if you have much money?如果你有很多钱，你想要做什么？I hope to see her if Im free.如果我有空，我希望去看看她。注意：如果主句谓语动词是want, hope等词，则条件状语从句用一般现在时。4） 在有些句子中，主、从句都可用一般现在时，如：If you ring this number, no one answers.如果你打这个电话号码，不会有人接。If you press the switch, the computer comes on.如果你按这个开关，计算机就会启动。专题精讲1.

11、 Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water _they are not managed carefully.A. though B. before C. until D. if【答案】D【考点】本题考查连词的用法。【解析】句意为：如果小帆船没有被仔细掌控好的话, 那么在水中就很容易被打翻。if如果, 引导条件状语从句。2. In time of serious accidents, we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives.A. whether B. unt

12、il C. if D. unless【答案】C【考点】本题考查条件状语从句【解析】本题考查连词的用法, 根据句意, 此处为条件状语从句, 故C项正确。3. My parents dont mind what job I do I am happy.A. even though B. as soon as C. as long as D. as though【答案】C【考点】本题考查状语从句的引导词。【解析】根据题干意思可知此处是条件状语从句, 引导词意思是：只要, 选C。even though引导让步状语从句, 意思是：即使；as soon as引导时间状语从句, 意思是：一就；as thou

13、gh引导方式状语从句, 意思是：仿佛, 好像。4. environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem（生态系统）to recover.A. Even if B. If only C. While D. Once【答案】D【考点】本题考查状语从句引导词的用法。【解析】even if即使, 即便, 用于引导让步状语从句；if only要是就好了, 多用于感叹句, 要用虚拟语气；while可引导时间状语从句；once一旦引导条件状语从句。此题意为：一旦环境遭到破坏, 生态系统就要花费很多年的时间才能得到恢复。5.W

14、hat would you do if it tomorrow?We have to carry it on, since weve got everything ready.A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is raining【答案】B【考点】本题是对一般现在时在条件状语从句中表将来的考查。【解析】第二句的语境已经暗示：我们得继续执行（计划）, 因为一切已经准备就绪。第一句中的would为情态动词, 表示意愿, 并非过去时态。专题过关选择1.I think our boat can pass the treacherous water cautiously

15、handled.A. untilB. ifC. lestD. with2.I'll give you a lift I get home you get off.A. before. ifB. after. asC. if. beforeD. until . before3.You'll succeed in time you study hard.A. unlessB. as long asC. even ifD. even though4.The robber told him that he had better keep silent he wanted to get

16、into trouble.A. ifB. unlessC. otherwiseD. whether5.I have made a promise anyone can tell me the secret, I'll give him a little present.A. that ifB. thatC. whenD. so long as6.Don't let her leave the department she is not ready to.A. ifB. thoughC. unlessD. till7.I wrote these words down I shou

17、ld forget.A. forB. soC. lestD. since8.We are sure to do the work well we don't lose heart.A. forB. so long asC. as ifD. since9.He would be punished he should make the same mistake again.A. unlessB. ifC. providedD. lest10.Anyone can borrow books from this library he keeps them clean and returns t

18、hem in time.A. even ifB. unlessC. so thatD. as long as11. you return those books to the library immediately, you will have to pay a fine.A. UntilB. UnlessC. IfD. Provided12.The parents did not allow their son to swim in the sea he might have an accident some day.A. for fear thatB. in case ofC. besid

19、esD. and that13.It is a gripping story and one can't put it down one has finished reading it.A. afterB. whenC. unlessD. until14.They agreed to rent the house the roof should be repaired.A. on condition that B. as soon asC. whenD. unless15.The more civilized man has become, he is limited by the d

20、isadvantage of his environment.A. and the more B. the lessC. testD. and the lessKeys: 1-5 BCBBA 6-10 AC BBD 11-15 BADAB翻译1. 如果你有任何疑问或意见，可以现在提出。2. 除非你吃肉，否则这种旅行就不适合你，因为这个地方的人以动物、鸟和鱼为主食。3. 带上些钱，万一你想要买一些东西呢。4. 只要你不放弃，我们就能找到克服困难的办法。答案：1. If you have any questions or comments, you can voice them now.2. Un

21、less you eat meat, this tour is not for you as people there live on animals, birds and fish.3. Take some money with you in case you want to buy something.4. As/so long as you dont give up, well find a way to overcome the difficulty.学法提炼条件状语从句常见引导词：In case、unless、As/so long as、If、Provided that、Provid

22、ing that、Suppose that、Supposing that、On condition thatNO.2时间状语从句1.概念：引导时间状语从句的连词有很多，常见的有before, after, when, while, as, since, till, until, as soon as等。2. 引导词1）表示“当时候”：whenMozart started writing music when he was four years old. (在)莫扎特4岁的时候，开始写音乐作品。 注意：例句中的两个动作started和was, 都发生在过去，客观描述过去事实，动词既可以用短暂性的

23、，也可以是持续性的。具体辨析见节讲解。2）在.期间：whileHe visited a lot of places while he was traveling. 他在旅行期间参观了许多地方。 注意：例句中的两个动作visit和was traveling, 都发生在过去，主句用过去式描述过去发生的动作，从句用过去进行式表示一短时间持续的动作，用延续性动词travel。3）在.的同时；一边.一边.：asWe always sing as we walk. 我们总是一边走一边唱。 注意：例句中的两个动作sing和walk几乎是同时发生的，用连词as连接表示一边一边的意思。4）在.之后：afterH

24、e left the classroom after he had finished his homework . 他做完作业之后就离开教室。 5）在.之前：beforeMr. Brown had worked in a bank for a year before he came here. 布朗先生来这里之前已经在一家银行里工作一年了。常用句型：It is/was(not)+时间+before+从句It will(not)be+时间+before+从句no sooner. than, hardly. when等引导的从句常用一般过去时，主句往往和过去完成时连用；为了加强语气，主句还可以用倒

25、装语序。如：No sooner had he got home when it started to rain. 他一回到家天就开始下雨。6）until/tilluntil在肯定句中通常只连用延续性动词，表示相应动作结束的时间；在否定句中通常连用非延续性动词，表示相应动作开始的时间，意为“直到才”。 He waited until she was about to leave. 他一直等到她准备离开。I did not begin to work till he had gone. 他走了后我才开始工作。注意：这两个例句中，第一个动词wait是延续性动词表示在某动作结束之前，一致保持的动作。

26、第二个例句中，第一个动词begin是一个短暂性动词，表示知道他走了之后我才开始工作。7）表示“一就”:表示“一就”除用as soon as外，还可用the minute, the second, the instant, the moment, immediately, directly, instantly, no sooner. than, scarcely/hardly. when等。I came immediately you called. 你一来电话我就来了。Hardly had she arrived when it began to snow. 她刚到就下起雪来了。注意：这三个

27、例句中，第一个例句从句用过去式came，主句用过去时called, 表示一就的意思。 第二个例句中，从句用过去式，主句用过去完成时。8）表示“截止(时间)”： by the time的意思是“截止(时间)”，可以引导时间状语从句。By the time引导的从句若是一般现在时，主句要用将来完成时；若是一般过去时，主句则要用过去完成时。By the time I got home, she had already gone to bed. 我到家时她已睡觉了。注意：这两个例句中，第一个例句从句用过去式got home，主句用过去完成时had already gone to bed。 第二个例句中

28、，从句用一般现在是，主句用将来完成时。3. 时间状语从句高考重难点突破1）when, while和as的区别When she came in, I stopped eating.她进来时，我停止吃饭。(瞬间动词) When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.当我住在农村时，我常常为他担水。（延续性的动词） We were about to leave when he came in.我们就要离开，就在那时他进来了。(瞬间动词) 注意：when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬间动词。并且

29、when有时表示“就在那时”。While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. (was reading是延续性的动词，was reading和was watching同时发生) I like playing football while you like playing basketball.我喜欢踢足球，而你喜欢打篮球。（对比）注意：While引导的从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生（或者相对应）。并且while有时还可以表示对比。We always sing as we walk.我们总是边走

30、边唱。（as表示“一边一边”） As we was going out, it began to snow.当我们出门时，开始下雪了。（as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生，而不强调开始下雪的特定时间）注意：As表示“一边一边”，as引导的动作是延续性的动作，一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生；as也可以强调“一先一后。典型例题：In some places women are expected to earn money_men work at home and raise their children.A.but B.while C.because D.though【答案】B【考点】本题考查连词

31、的用法。【解析】句意为：有些地方, 妇女被要求挣钱而男人在家里干活和养育孩子。从该句句意可知, 此题用while表示妇女与男人两种情况的对比。A项but表示转折, C项because表示原因, D项though表示让步, B项while表示并列。2）before和after的区别：It will be four days before they come back. 他们要过四天才能回来。 Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me.爱因斯坦几乎把我撞倒才看到我。 My father had left for Canada just bef

32、ore the letter arrived.我父亲恰好在信到之前去加拿大了。 They had not been married four months before they were divorced. 他们结婚还不到四个月就离婚了。 After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.你仔细考虑过以后，告诉我你是怎样决定的。 After we had finished the work, we went home.完成工作之后，我们回家了。（从句用过去完成时，主句用一般过去时）注意：before引导的从句不再用否定式的

33、谓语，并且当before引导的从句位于主句之后，有时译成“就，才”。还要注意主句和从句之间的时间关系。当主句用将来时，从句总是用现在时；如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时，则主句动词多用过去完成时，这样以便体现动作发生的先后。After表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。主句和从句的动作的时间关系正好与before引导的从句相反。3）since用法I have been in Beijing since you left. 自从你离开以来，我一直在北京了。 Where have you been since I last saw you? 自上次我和你见面以后，你到哪里去了？ It is

34、four years since my sister lived in Beijing. 我妹妹不在北京住有四年了。 It is five months since our boss was in Beijing.我们老板离开北京有五个月了。 注意：since引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。但在It is +时间+since从句的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。拓展：1. It is since从。以来多长时间了(因为since +从句或名词，表示一段时间) It is five years since

35、we met last time.从我们上次见面已经五年了。 2. It is +before(才) It was a long time before I went to sleep again. 过了很长时间我才睡着。It was an hour before(=until) the police arrived. 过了一个小时，警察才来。4）hardly (scarcely, rarely)when 和before, no soonerthan的区别He had no sooner arrived home than he was asked to start on another jo

36、urney. 他刚到家，就被邀请开始另一旅程。 No sooner had the sun shown itself above the horizon than he got out of bed to commence work.太阳刚从地平线上升起，他就起床劳动去了。 Hardly had I sat down when he stepped in.我刚坐下，他就进来了。 He had hardly fallen asleep when he felt a soft touch on his shoulder.他刚要入睡就感到肩膀上被轻轻一触。注意：hardly (scarcely, r

37、arely)when / before, no soonerthan相当于as soon as之意。主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。当hardly, scarcely, rarely和no sooner位于句首时，主句应用倒装语序。专题精讲1.It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life _weve actually had that lesson.A. until B. after C. since D. when【答案】A【考点】本题考查状语从句的引导词。【解析】句意为：对我们来说在生活中得到启示是很难的, 直到我们真正得到了那一启示

38、。A项为 “直到”；B项为 “在以后”；C项为 “自从以来”；D项为 “当的时候”。2. You cant borrow books from the school library _ you get your student card.A. before B. if C. while D. as【答案】A【考点】本题考查状语从句的引导词。【解析】该句的意思是：在你得到你的学生卡之前你不能从学校图书馆借书。所以选before。3. Im sorry youve been waiting so long, but itll still be some time _Brian gets back.

39、 A. before B. since C. till D. after【答案】A【考点】本题考查状语从句的引导词。【解析】句意为:对不起让你久等了, 但是还得再过一段时间Brian才回来。故空格处须用before表示 “在之前, 直到才”。4.It was April 29, 2019 _ Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.A .that B. when C .since D. before【答案】B【考点】考查时间状语从句。【解析】句意为：2001年4月

40、29日，威廉王子和凯特步入了婚姻的殿堂。5.John thinks it wont be long he is ready for his new job. A. when B. after C. before D. since【答案】C【考点】考查状语从句。【解析】所填词引导状语从句, 构成It（will）be+时间段+状语从句, 意思是：过多久才将., 选C。5.It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life _weve actually had that lesson.A. until B. after C. since D. when【

41、答案】A【考点】本题考查状语从句的引导词。【解析】句意为：对我们来说在生活中得到启示是很难的, 直到我们真正得到了那一启示。A项为 “直到”；B项为 “在以后”；C项为 “自从以来”；D项为 “当的时候”。专题过关1.A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners' curiosityhe reached the end of the story.A. whenB. unlessC. afterD. until2.He transplanted the little tree to the gardenit was the b

42、est time for it.A. whereB. whenC. thatD. until3.He was about to tell me the secretsomeone patted him on the shoulder.A. asB. untilC. whileD. when4. you understand this rule, you'll have no further difficulty.A. WhileB. OnceC. ThoughD. Unless5.Substances will expand or contractheated or cooled, b

43、ut this is not the case with water.A. when they will be B. if they will beC. as they beingD. when6.It will not be longman can harness the solar energy and make it serve mankind.A. sinceB. beforeC. whenD. after7.It was found that although the girl could perceive things with her fingers, this ability

44、ceased her hands were wet.A. the moment when B. the momentC. in that momentD. before8.A man escaped from the prison last night. It was a long timethe guards discovered what had happened.A. beforeB. untilC. sinceD. when9.We hadn't met for 20 years, but I recognized herI saw her.A. the momentB. th

45、e moment whenC. for the momentD. at the moment when10. he entered the university, his English has been much improved.A. BeforeB. AfterC. WhenD. Since11.He has been to Beijing for several timeshe came to China.A. beforeB. whenC. sinceD. as12.I watched himhe disappeared from sight in the distance.A. u

46、nlessB. untilC. asD. when13.It was going to be some timehe would see his parent again.A. sinceB. untilC. whenD. before14.Many young people rose and shouted the pop singer appeared on the stage.A. at the moment B. on seeingC. the momentD. when they saw15. he made up his mind to do something, nothing

47、can change his mind.A. OnceB. UnlessC. AlthoughD. As soon as16.They had only been married for no more than three months they began to quarrel with each other.A. sinceB. untilC. afterD. before17.Scarcely had I finished the work I went home.A. beforeB. thanC. asD. when18.We were walking down the stree

48、t he saw one of his old friends.A. thenB. whenC. soD. but19.Ithe returns to his native land.A. is long before thatB. is long beforeC. won't be long beforeD. will be long since20. the Europeans knew what a compass was, the Chinese had put it into practical use.A. Before longB. Long sinceC. Long a

49、goD. Long before21. on a clear day far from the city crowds, the mountains give him a sense of infinite peace.A. WalkingB. When one is walkingC. If walkingD. When walking22.I thought him a pleasant person to work with I met him.A. the first timeB. for the first time C. first timeD. by the first time

50、23.He has been in hospital he had his right leg broken last month.A. becauseB. whenC. afterD. since24. he decided to go there alone, none of us can stop him.A. OnceB. UnlessC. BeforeD. Since25.Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, and this is especially true it comes to the

51、classroom tests.A. beforeB. asC. sinceD. whenKeys: 1-5 DBDBD 6-10 BBAAD 11-15 CBDCA 16-20 DDBCD 21-25 BADADNO.3让步状语从句1.概念：让步状语从句是状语从句中的一种，其本身也是状语从句。一般翻译为“尽管”或“即使”，就是我们日常生活中用的“退一步说”。2.关系词：引导让步状语从句的从属连词主要有although, though, however (=no matter how), even if（即使），whether. or（不论还是）等连词。 The speech is good,

52、 though it could be better. 这次演讲不错，虽然还可以再好一点。He went out even though it was raining. 管下着雨，他还是出去了。3.让步状语从句常见的引导词：1）Though和although: 都表示“尽管”的意思（×）: Although he is rich but he is not happy. （） : Although he is rich, yet he is not happy. 虽然他很富有, 然而他并不快乐. （×）: Although we have grown up, our par

53、ents treat us as children. （）: Although we have grown up, our parents still treat us as children. 尽管我们已经长大了,可是我们的父母仍把我们看作小孩. 注意：两者都当虽然讲，但从以上两个例句来看，两者且都可以与yet/still连用，但是不能与but连用。although引导的让步状语从句位于主句之前的情况较多；though引导的让步状语从句可位于主句之前或主句之后。2）as意为“虽然，尽管”Heavily as it was raining outside, they started out v

54、ery early. Young as he is, he knows a lot=Though he is young 或Young though he is, he. 注意：他虽然年轻，但懂得很多。though 也有这种用法，可以替换as,但although没有这种用法. 引导让步状语从句时，as引导让步状语从句时，意为“尽管，虽然”，从句多位于主句之前，而且必须使用倒装语序。通常如果从句中有形容词或名词作表语，则把表语置于句首，而且名词前要省略冠词；如果从句中有修饰动词的副词，则将该副词置于句首；如果从句中有情态动词，则将情态动词后的动词原形置于句首。拓展：1. 名词提句首时，不加冠词： Teacher as he is, he likes Chinese very much. (teacher 前不加a或the） 2. though还可以用作副词，放在句末。如： It was hard work; I enjoyed it, though=It was hard work, but I enjoyed i