江苏省常州市新桥高级中学2020-2021学年高一下学期期末阶段检测英语Word版含解析.docx

1、2020-2021学年度高一年级第二学期期末阶段检测英语试卷（本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AHow to Prevent DehydrationWhen the weather's warm, you

2、need to make sure you drink enough water. But did you know that you lose your sense of thirst as you get older? This means you're more likely to become dehydrated, making you more prone to （有 倾向）falls, heart disease, urinary-tract infections, kidney stones and confusion. A study from Loughboroug

3、h University in the UK has shown that drivers who had only a little water an hour made twice as many mistakes as motorists who were properly hydrated. In fact, they made a similar number of errors to what you'd expect from someone over the drink-drive limit.So how do you know when you're deh

4、ydrated? Warning signs include:*Feeling tired*Dry mouth and dry skin*Dark urine*Reduced appetite （食欲）"Reduced concentration"HeadacheConstipation.But you might not notice any symptoms （症状）al all, so to make sure you stay hydrated:*Keep a glass of water by your side when you're at home,

5、and drink it regularly.*Form a new drinking habitfor example, when watching TV, always reach for the water glass during an ad break.*Take a small boule of water with you when you go out.*Always drink a large glass of water with a meal.*Eat fruit and vegetables with high water content.*Draw up a week

6、ly water carda bit like a coffee loyalty cardwith a target of eight glasses of water a day. Mark it every time you have a glass of water. Award yourself a prize when ifs full at the end of the week, 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、 D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。An cight-ycar-old child heard her pare

7、nts talking about her little brother. All she knew was that he was very sick and they had no money left. When she heard her daddy say to her 21 mother with whispered desperation （绝望）,"Only a miracle （奇迹）can save him now", the little girl went to her bedroom and took out her piggy bank. She

8、 22 all the change out on the floor and counted it carefully. Then she 23 her way six blocks to the local drugstore （药店）."And what do you want?, asked the chemist."It's for my little brothcr, the girl answered back. "He's really, really sick and I want to buy a miracle. His na

9、me is Andrew and he has something 24 growing inside his head and my daddy says only a miracle can save him."“We don't 25 miracles here, child. Tm sorry," the chemist said, smiling 26 at the little girl. In the shop was a 27 customer. He stooped （弯腰）down and asked the little girl,44 Wha

10、t kind of miracle does your brother 28 T"I don't know," she replied. "He's really sick and mommy says he needs 29. But my daddy can't payfor it, so I have brought my 3（）"How much do you havc?, asked the man."One dollar and eleven cents, but I can try and get some

11、 more," she answered quietly.t4Well, what a coincidence （巧合）,"smiled the man. 44A dollar and eleven cents the 31 price of a miracle fbr little brothers.32me to where you live. I want to see your brother and ourparents.''That well dressed man was Dr Carlton Armstrong, a surgeon （外科医

12、生）.The operation was completed without 34 and it wasn't long before Andrew was 35 again and doing well.The little girl was happy. She knew exactly how much the miracle cost. one dollar and eleven cents . plus the faith of a little child.21.A.hopefulB.tearfulC.helplessD.kind22.A.drewB.pulledC.pou

13、redD.pul23.A.followedB.madeC.tookD.found24.A.smallB.badC.extraD.impossible25.A.haveB.offerC.sellD.store26.A.gentlyB.coldlyC.strangelyD.delightfully27.A.well dressedB.kind heartedC.well behaved1）.good looking28.A.haveB.needC.careD.like29.A.a doctorB.an operationC.a surgeonD.a kindness30.A.savingsB.wi

14、shesC.ideasD.suggestions31.A.sameB.exactC.properD.necessary32.A.ShowB.HelpC.TakeI).Follow33.A.helpB.encourageC.persuadeD.meet34.A.difficultyB.chargeC.delayD.result35.A.happyB.wellC.home1).strong【答案】21. B22. C23. B 24. B25. C26. A27. A28.B 29. C30. A31.B32. C33. D34. B 35. C【解析:】【分析】这是i篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位小女

15、孩想要买奇迹救病重的弟弟，结果碰上了一位好心的顾客, 这位顾客是外科医生，他以1美元11美分的价格救了小女孩的弟弟。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她听到爸爸绝望地对汨流满面的母亲说：现在只有奇迹才能救他。A. hopeful 有希望的;B. tearfill 哭泣的;C. helpless 绝望的;D. kind 善良的。由上文的 he was very sick and they had no money left和下文的desperation可知,弟弟病重,家里乂花光了钱，母亲绝望地哭了。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把所有 零钱都倒在地板上，仔细数了数。A

16、. drew画；B. pulled拉；C. poured 倒：D. put放。由下文的all the change out on the floor of知，小女孩把储蓄罐里所有的零钱都倒在了地板上。 故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她走了六个街区到了当地的药店。A. followed跟随；B. made使：C. took 拿走；D. found发现。由下文的the local drugstore 4知，小女孩走去了药店,make one's way to（向走去）。 故选B项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的名字叫安德鲁，脑子里长了些不好的东西，我爸爸

17、说只有奇迹才能救他。 A. small小的；B. bad坏的；C. extra额外的；D. impossible不可能的。由上文的he was very sick可知，弟 弟病重，推断脑子里长了些不好的东西。故选B项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们这里不卖奇迹，孩子。A. have有；B. offer提供；C. sell卖；D. store贮存。 由上文语境可知，小女孩去了药店，药店是卖药的地方，但不卖奇迹。故选C项。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：药剂师对小女孩悲伤地笑着说。A gently温和地；B. coldly冷淡地；C .strangely 奇怪地；D.deligh

18、tfully高兴地。由上文语境可知，药剂师已经了解小女孩弟弟的情况，非常可怜这些孩子, 因此温和地笑着对小女孩说话。故选A项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：商店里有一位衣者考究的顾客。A. well-dressed穿着考究的；B. kind-hearted 好心的；C. well- behaved行为端正的；D. good-looking好看的。由下文的That well-dressed man可知，这是 一位衣着考究的顾客。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他弯腰问小女孩：“你弟弟需要什么样的奇迹？ " A.have有；B. need需要； C. care关

19、心；D. like喜欢由上文语境可知，小女孩是要给弟弟买奇迹治病，因此是小女孩的弟弟需要什么 样的奇迹（来治病）。故选B项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他病得很重，妈妈说他需要一个外科医生。A. a doctor 一名医生；B.an operation 一次手术；C. a surgeon-名外科医生；D. a kindness -份善意。由上文语境可知，小女孩的弟弟脑袋里长 了东西，需要做手术。且后文也显示Dr. Carlton Armstrong是一个surgcon（外科医生）。故选C项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我爸爸付不起钱，所以我把积蓄带来了。A. saving

20、s存款；B. wishes希望；C. ideas想法；D. suggestions建议。由上文语境可知，小女孩把储蓄罐里的全部存款（1美元11美分）带 在了身上去药店买奇迹。故选A项。31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：1美元11美分正好是给你弟弟买奇迹的确切价格。A. same 一样的；B. exact 精确的；C. proper合适的：D. necessary必要的。巾上文语境可知，这位顾客了解到了小女孩的用意，想要 帮助小女孩的弟弟，故而幽默地说：1美元11美分正好是给你弟弟买奇迹的确切价格。故选B项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：带我去你住的地方。A. Show展示；B. H

21、elp帮助；C. Take带去；D. Follow跟 随。由下文的I want io see your brother and 12 your parents nJ'知，这位顾客想见小女孩的父母,因此要求小 女孩带他去她的家。故选C项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想见你弟弟，见见你父母。A help帮助：B. encourage鼓励;C. persuade劝说：D. meet遇见。由本处的I wanl to see your brother and your parents可知，这位顾客想见小女孩的弟弟和父母， 以便进一步了解情况。故选D项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。

22、句意：医院的手术是没有收费完成的，没过多久安德鲁就回家了，情况很好A. difficulty 困难；B. charge收费；C. delay延迟;D. result结果。由上文语境可知，这位顾客（Dr. Carlton Armstrong 医生）以1美元11美分的价格卖出了一个奇迹（给弟弟做手术）给小女孩，这个价格相当于没有收费。故 选B项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：医院的手术是没有收费完成的，没过多久安德鲁就回家了，情况很好o A. happy 快乐的；B, well良好的；C. home家的;D. strong强壮的。由上文语境可知，这位顾客（Dr. Carlton Arms

23、trong 医生）给弟弟安德鲁做了手术之后弟弟就又回家了，其他三项在意义上与doing well重复。故选C项。第二节短文填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。With smiling eyes, a quick wit and a good sense of humor, Jia Ling has long been a well-known female comedian for her 36 (extreme) funny performances. But recently, she has gained anot

24、her title.Jia starred in and directed the film Hi, Mom, 37 a time-travel story is told. The film 38 (consider) as the leading dark horse among the movies released ( I：映)during the seven-day Spring Festival holiday is in memory 39 her mother Li Huanying, 40 encouraged Jia to pursue her artistic dream

25、s. By Feb 23, 2021, it 41 (earn) more than 4 billion yuan, enabling Jia to become the top box office grossing female film director in China. Now she is on the path to becoming 42 international name in the filmmaking industry.So what is the secret behind Jia's success? One factor may be her passi

26、on fbr comedy. Jia 43 (admit) to Beijing's Central Academy of Drama in 2001. In the last 20 years, she has pcrfbnncd crosstalk (相声)in14 (vary) competitions and shows. She has also played comedic roles in many comedies on the big screen. Besides, the approach to45(make) the film also makes Jia Li

27、ng's work stand out. We'll waitand see whether Jia will become one of China's most popular directors.【答案】36. extremely37. where 38. considered39. of 40. who41. had earned42. an 43. was admitted44. various45. making【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了，著名女喜剧演员贾玲主演并执导的电影你好，李焕英大获 成功，本文主要讲述了贾玲成功背后所付出的努力。【3

28、6题详解】考查副词。句意：贾玲有着笑眯眯的眼睛、机智的头脑和幽默感，她长期以来直是位非常有趣的女喜 剧演员。此处用副词extremely作状语，修饰形容词funny。故填extremelyo【37题详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：贾玲主演并执导了电影你好，李焕英，这部电影讲述了一个穿越时空的 故事。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是the film Hi, Mom,在从句中做地点状语，用关系副词where. 故填where o【38题详解】考查过去分词。句意：这部被认为是七天春节期间上映电影中最主要的黑马的电影是为了纪念她的母亲李 焕英，母亲李焕英鼓励贾玲追求她的艺术梦想。本句2有系动词is且无

29、连词，动词consider用非谓语形式, 逻辑主语The film与动词consider是动宾关系，用过去分词表被动，做The film的后置定语。故填consideredo 【39题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：这部被认为是七天春节期间上映电影中最主要的黑马的电影是为了纪念她的母亲李 焕英，母亲李焕英鼓励贾玲追求她的艺术梦想。固定搭配in memory of.(为了纪念)。故填of。【40题详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：这部被认为是七天春节期间上映电影中最主要的黑马的电影是为了纪念她的 母亲李焕英，母亲李焕英鼓励贾玲追求她的艺术梦想。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是her mother Li

30、Huanying，指人，在从句中做主语，用关系代词who。故填who。41题详解】考查时态。句意：截至2021年2月23 ,该片收入超过40亿元，使贾玲成为中国票房收入最高的女电影 导演。此处缺乏谓语，由时间状语“by +过去时间（Feb23,2021） ”可知，时态用过去完成时（haddone）o 故填 had earned o【42题详解】考查冠词。句意：现在，她正走上成为一位电影制作行业国际知名人士的路上。此处表泛指，international 以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。【43题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：贾玲于2001年考入北京中央戏剧学院。此处缺乏谓语，由时间状语in

31、 2001可知， 时态用一般过去时，主语Jia和谓语动词admit是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语Jia是第三人 称，谓语单数形式。故填was admittedo【44题详解】考查形容词。句意：在过去的20年里，她在各种比赛和节目中表演相声。此处用形容词various作定语， 修饰名词 competitions and showso 故填 various。【45题详解】考查动名词。句意：此外，这部电影的制作方法也让贾玲的作品脱颖而出p the approach to doing sth.（做某 事的方法）,该空用动名词（doing）形式。故填making<,第四部分（共两节，满分

32、40分）第一节句子翻译（每空1分，满分20分）46. 尽可能把车留家，想象看你会省下多少汽油，更别说会获得多少健康。Imagine the gas you'll save, how much healthier you'll become by leaving the car athome whenever possible.【答案】 ®. not to .mention【解析】【详解】考查固定搭配。固定搭配not to mention （更别说）符合句意。故填not;to;mentiono47. 那首由何占豪、陈钢创作的动听的小提琴协奏曲梁祝值得一听。The bea

33、utiful violin concerto-Butterfly Lovers,He Zhanhao and Chen Gang,【答案】.composed.by.deserves.to.be©. heard【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词和时态。根据汉语提示，缺少“由创作的”和“值得一听”。"由创作 的''译为be composed by., Butterfly Lovers和compose之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词短语做后置定语, 即前两空填入composed by0 “值得一听”用短语deserve to be done (值得被)，第三空是谓语动词

34、，句子 陈述事实，用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词使用第三人称单数形式deserves, hear的过去分词 是 heard,所以最后四空填入 deserves to be heard。故填 composed by； deserves to be heard<>48. 日常主题是他们作品的主要关注点，这与传统上欧洲艺术界占主流的历史题材画作大相径庭。Everyday subject was (he main focus of (heir works,the history paintings that hadtraditionally European art.【答案】

35、69;. as .opposed.todominated【解析】【详解】考查过去分词。as opposed to (相对于、和相反)，结合助动词had可知，第四空处是过去完成 时(had done),第四空用过去分词表己经完成的动作。故填as;opposed;to;dominated。49. 真正友谊的本质在于体谅另一个人的小差错。The essence of true friendship is toanother's little lapses.【答案】©. make ®. allowance (3). for【解析】【详解】考查动词原形。根据汉语提示可知，体谅

36、为“make allowance for”，t。为动词不定式的标志，后 接动词原形。故填make allowance for。50. 凯特在一家设计公司工作，但她本身也是一名画家。Kate works for a design company, but she is also a painter.【答案】®. in ®. her own .right【解析】详解】考查介词与其它词类的搭配。固定搭配in one's own right (凭本身的条件)。故填in;her;own;©righto第二节应用文写作(满分20分)51. 假设你是高一学生李华，你的外

37、国朋友Ton】的中文取得很大的进步，且对中国文学有着深厚的兴趣, 他想买一本书，请你写一封信，向他推荐西游记这本书，并写出推荐的理由。内容包括：1.推荐的书名；2. 推荐这本书的三个主要原因；注意：1. 词数(80-100)2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Tom,Yours sincerely,Li Hua【答案】Dear Tom,I am happy to receive your letter, in which you said that you would like to buy a book to know more about Chinese culture. I w

38、ill highly recommend Journey to the West, a masterpiece written by Wn Cheng'en.First, it's really an interesting book, telling many adventurous stories, in addition, we can still learn something from this book. We should be brave and confident in ourselves, no matter how many difficulties we

39、 meet. At last, this book is one of the greatest masterpieces in China, which is well worth reading.I would appreciate it if you could take my recommendation into account.Yours sincerely,Li Hua 【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给对中国文学有着深厚兴趣且想买一本中国文学书的外国朋 友Tom写封信，向他推荐西游记(Journey io the West)这本书。【详解】1.词汇积累高兴的:d

40、elighted>happy想要做某事：feel like doing sth.=would like to do sth.困难：hardship>difficulty考虑到某事：take sth. into consideration=take sth. into account2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：First, it's really an interesting book, telling many adventurous stories. 拓展句:First, it's really an interesting book, which tel

41、ls many adventurous stories.【点睛】高分句型 1 I am happy to receive your letter, in which you said that you would like to buy a book to know more about Chinese culture.(运用了 “介词+关系代词(in which)"引导的非限制性定语从句和that引导的 宾语从句)高分句型 2 At last, this book is one of the greatest masterpieces in China, which is well

42、 worth reading.(运用 了 which引导的非限制性定语从句)*Drink water before, during and after you take any exercise.1. The word "dehydration" in the title may probably meanB. confusion of the mindD. a kind of weather signA. loss of water from the body C. warning signs of illnesses2. According to Paragraph 1

43、, dehydration can _A. occur only in warm weatherB. make you get older and olderC. be easily noticed in our daily lifeD. cause physical and mental problems3. To make sure you stay hydrated, you'd betterA. take no notice of the warning signsB. leave some water within your reachC. eat any fruit and

44、 vegetables you likeD. award yourself eight glasses of water【答案】LA 2.D3. B【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。脱水会导致你更容易跌倒、心脏病、尿路感染、肾结石和精神错乱等。因此要防止脱水。本文就如何防止脱水提出了几点建议。猜测词义题。根据第一段第一句“When the weather'【1题详解】s warm, you need to make sure you drink enough water.But did you know that you lose your sense of thirst as you g

45、et older? This means you're more likely to become dehydrated,.”可知，当天气暖和时，你需要确保你喝足够的水。但是你知道随着年龄的增长你会失去口渴感吗？所以你没有了 口渴的感觉，可能就会导致身体“缺水”。以及第二段“S。how do you know when you' re dehydrated?”下面的内容可知，都是人“脱水”的症状。由此可推断出划线词为“dehydralion” 意为“脱水”。故选A。【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第-段"But did you know that you lose yo

46、ur sense of thirst as you get older? This means you're more likely to become dehydrated, making you more prone to （有彳顷向）falls, heart disease, urinary-tract infections, kidney stones and confusion.n脱水意味着你更容易脱水，使你更容易跌倒、心脏病、尿路感染、肾结石和精神错乱。可知，“跌倒、心脏病、尿路感染、肾结石”属于身体上的毛病，“精神错乱”为精神上的疾 病。可知，脱水会导致身心问题。故选D。

47、【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章中的"when watching TV, always reach for the water glass during an ad brcak.Takc a small bottle of water with you when you go out.Always drink a large glass of water with a meal. Mark it every time you have a glass of water.”可知，看电视时在广告间隙伸出手拿杯子喝水，出去的时候带上一小瓶水。吃饭时 一定要喝一大杯水要做到随时手边有水。由

48、此可知，为确保你保持水分充足，要随时都能喝到水。分析 选项可知B符合题意，故选B。Teenagers in America know that they'll possibly need technical skills to find good jobs, but a new survey reveals that interest in technology-related careers may be decreasing.The percentage of boys aged 13 to 17 who are interested in science, technology,

49、 engineering and mathor STEMcareers dropped from 36 percent in 2017 to 24 percent this year, according to a survey by Junior Achievement USA. The amount of girls interested in STEM careers stayed unchanged at 11 percent.But the 1.000 survey participants still named technology as one of two key skill

50、s that will be necessary to prepare them for their future careers."Kids don't understand how technology can be applied to careers in addition to computers, and maybe robotics," said Tammera L. Holmes, president of aviation consulting firm AeroStar Consulting. "That's all they

51、know, so they can't really translate that interest to career pathways.''When Holmes was in high school, her mom sent her to an event that featured the pilots from World War II. One of the pilots took her for a ride and let her take the wheel. ''Immediately that was the career fbr

52、 me." she said.Women remain outnumbered by men in fields like technology. For people working to increase (he number of women in these areas, the lack of growth in girls interest in STEM careers is concerning.Teenage girls are more interested than their male classmates in running after careers i

53、n which they can help others, said Ed Grocholski from Junior Achievement. Even with all the programs aimed at increasing girls* interest in STEM, "I don't think we really talk that much about how we improve people's lives through STEM," Grocholski said.Society needs to do better at

54、 making those connections for kids, said Katherine Latham, founder of an engineering firm. She used civil engineering as an example of a career (hat will continue to be important.However, the fact that students know they will need tech skills in their future careers is encouraging.The second skill t

55、hey said they need is relationship-building.“That's going to be the new type of engineers,M Latham said.4. What is lhe reason behind kid's losing interest in tech careers?A. They can't connect their tech interest with Riture careers.B. They find tech skills less important than before.C.

56、They don't think tech careers can bring rewardsD. They see tech careers as boring.5. What aroused Holmcs, interest in her career?A. A summer camp for pilots.B. Her flight experience with a pilot.C. A report about lhe life of pilotsD. Her parents5 wish fbr her.6. What can wc learn from Grocholski

57、's words?A. STEM careers have nothing to do with people's lives.B. Teenage girls are interested in running after STEM careers.C. Teenagers don't know how to improve people's lives through STEM.I). The relationship between STEM careers and the improvement of people's lives isn'

58、;t explained enough.7. According to Grocholski, teenage girls are more interested in careers that.A. can make them look attractiveB. can make friends with other peopleC. can make people's lives betterD. are different from those of （heir parents【答案】4.A5. B 6. D 7.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。调查显示人们对科技相关职业的兴趣正在下降，本文分析了造成这一结果的原 因。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中"That's all they know, so they can't really translate that interest to career pathways.（这就是他们所知道的切，所以他们不能真正地把这种兴趣转化为职业道路）”可知，孩子们对 科技职业失去兴趣的原因是他们无法将