英语作文技巧(用于初高中)要点

1、1. 关于人们有不同的观点。一些人认为There are differe nt opinions among people as to _ _ .Some people suggest that .2. 俗话说（常言道），它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它 在许多场合仍然适用。Thereis an old saying. Its the experie neeof ourforefathers ， however，it is correct in many easeseve ntoday.3. 现在，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，；其 次，。更为糟糕的是。Today, , w

2、hich have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, Second,. What makesthi ngs worse is that.4. 现在，很普遍，许多人喜欢，因为，另外（而且）。Nowadays，it is com mon to . Many people like because .Besides ，.5. 任何事物都是有两面性，也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利 的一面。Everyth inghas two sides and is not an exception ， it has both advantages

3、 anddisadvantages.6. 关于人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为（说），在他们看 来,People s opinions about vary frompers ontopers on.Some people say that .To them,.7. 人类正面临着一个严重的问题，这个问题变得越来越严重。Man is now faci nga big problem which isbeco ming more and more serious.8. 已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的 辩论。 has become a hot topic among peo

4、ple , especially among the young and heated debates are rig ht on their way.9.在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带来了许多好处，但同时也引发一些严重的问题。hasbee n play inganin creas in glyimporta ntroleinourday-to-daylife.ithas broughtus a lotofben efitsbut has createdsome seriousproblems aswell.10.根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形

5、图可以看出。很显然，但是为什么呢？Accordi ngto the figure/number/statistics/perce ntagesinthe /chart/bar graph/li ne/graph ,it can be seen that while. Obviously , ,but why?1.as soon as 一就 =directly / immediately / instantly=the second / the minute / themome nt / the in sta ntEg. He came around to see me as soon as /

6、 the mome nt/ immediately he checked in the hotel.他刚一入住宾馆就来看我.They in formed us the n ews immediately / directly they got it.他们一得到消息就通知了我们.The policeman came to the spot the moment / the instant / the minute she heard of the accident.听说事故,这位警察就到了现场.2.before (1).没来得及就The roof fell before he had time

7、to dash into the room to save his baby.他还没有来得及冲进房间把孩子就出来，房顶就塌了He ran off before I could stop him.To my great disappo in tme nt , my favorite sin ger left the con cert before I could have a word with him.(2).过了多久才怎么样，动作进行到什么程度才怎样They walked about thirty miles to the west before they saw a village.The

8、y worked day and night about three days before everything returned to no rmal.Three years passed before I knew it.3.It was + 时间段+ before.过了多久才.;It was not long before 不久就It will ( not ) be +时间段+ before 要过多久(不久).才.Eg. It was not long before he sen sed the dan ger of the positi on.It was three years b

9、efore he came back.It will be half a year before you graduate from this school.4. no soonerthan=hardly wherr一就.， 冈H冈H就No sooner / hardly +过去完成时,than / when + 一般过去时女口果 no sooner, hardly 位于句首, 主句要倒装.He had hardly sat dow n to have a rest when the door bell rang and in came Alla n.No sooner had he got

10、off the train than his daughter ran towards him.Hardly had we arrived whe n she started crying to go home.5. once 一旦.,表示时间和条件Once you understand this rule, you will have no further difficulty.Once you have decided to do someth ing, you should do it well.Once you enter the chemistry lab, you should f

11、ollow the teacher sin structi ons.6. since 自从.以来Since引导的从句不论是延续性或非延续性动词，都表示的是动作或状态 的完成或结束.注意一下句子翻译：Since he lived in Nanjing, I have not heard from him. (= since he left Nanjing )自从他离开南京以来，我没有收到过他的信.Since she was in Yan gzhou, she has kept in touch with her former frien ds. ( since she left Yan gzho

12、u)她离开扬州以来，一直同过去的朋友保持着联系.对比：1) .1 have n ever see n him since he was ill.他病好后，我就再也没有见到他.2) . I have n ever see n him since he fell ill.他生病以后我就再也没有见过他.It is / ( has been ) +时间段 + si nee + 过去式It is / has bee n two years since his father died.=his father has been dead for two years. = his father died tw

13、o years ago.他的父亲去世两年了 .It has bee n 8 years since I graduated from uni versity.=I graduated from uni versity 8 years ago.It is 3 years since he smoked.他三年不吸烟了 .（即,从句动词延续性的, 译成否定意义；从句动词非延续性的，译成肯定意义.）It is 3 years since he left school.他毕业三年了 .7.until直到时候；notuntil直至U才You are to stay here un til / till

14、your mother comes back.The meeting was put off until ten o clock.Not until we watched the Earth Day program on TVdid we know muchabout global warning.=Wedid not know muchabout global warning until we watched the Earth Day program.=It was not until we watched the Earth Day program on TV that we knew

15、much about global warm ing.Not until he failed in the examdid he realize that he had wasted much time play ing computer games.8. when引导并列分句,“当时,突然”,强调另一动作的突然发生.One day Chuck was on a flight across the Pacific Ocea n whe n sudde nly his pla ne crashed. Chuck survived the crash and Ian ded on a desert

16、ed isla nd.I was walk ing along the river whe n I heard a drow ning boy crying for help.I was about to leave whe n it bega n to rain.对比：A: I waswalking along the street whenl caught sight of a tailor s shop.B: I was walking along the streets. Just at that momentI caught sight of a tailor s shop.9. w

17、hile = although 尽管While I admit that the problem is difficult, I don t think that itcan t be solved.While I admit his good poin ts, I can see his shortco min gs.While I was angry with her, I didn t lose my temper.10. where地点状语You should put the book where it was.Persiste nt people beg in their succe

18、ss where others end in failure.Where there is a will, there is a way.Where men are greedy, there is n ever peace.Go where you should, keep on study ing.11. as引导的行为方式状语从句.Please do exactly as your doctor says.You must do the exercises just as I show youAs it is = as thi ngs are 照现在的情形看Hepromised to s

19、tudy hard, but as it is , he does no better than before.Leave the house as it is. I d like to buy it as it is.12. as if ( as though )好像He looked at me as if I were mad.He was in great trouble, but he acted if / though nothing had happened.Although they just met for the first time, they talked as if

20、they had bee n friends for many years.There manyblack clouds in the sky. It looks as if it is going to rain.13. though, although, as“虽然”，引导让步状语从句.Although 位于句首;though 位于句首或句中;as 位于句中 =though = that, 它的词序是把句中强调的形容词，副词,动词或名词放在连词前.注意观察下列 句式变化：Although / Though I m young, I already know what career I wa

21、nt to follow.=Young as / though / that I am, I already know what career I want to follow.Although I respect him very much, I can not agree with his idea.=Muchas / that / though I respect him, I can not agree with his idea.Although / though he is a child, he knows a lot of Chinese characters.=Child a

22、s / though / that he is , he knows a lot of Chinese characters.Although he tried, he couldn t solve the problem.=Try as he might, he couldn t solve the problem.Although it is raining, I am going out for a walk.=Raining as it is, I am going out for a walk.14. even if = even though即使也；即便也Eve n if / th

23、ough I have to sell myhouse, I ll keep mybus in ess going.She won t attend such parties even though/ if she is invited.You are not stupid. Eve n though/ if you were slow in study, you shouldn t give up studies.The boy was badly injured and died at last. Even if he had been attended without delay,he

24、couldn t have been saved.15. whetheror不管还是Whether the weather is good or bad, they will set off as they planned.Whether he drives or takes the train, he will be here on time.Any pers on, whether young or old, has his worth, in depe ndent of achieveme nts, bank acco unts or looks.16. 疑问词+ everWhateve

25、r ,whoever, whichever, whe never, wherever, whoever 均引导让 步状语从句,相当于 no matter 与 what, who, which, when, where, how连用.Whatever ( = No matter what ) may happe n, we shall not lose hope.Whoever / No matter who comes, he will be welcome.Whenever/ Nomatter whenit happened, it was certainlynot yesterday.Wh

26、erever / No matter where he went, he made friends with people.17. unless 除非，如果不(=if not)I shall go tomorrow unl ess it rains.Shall Tom go and play football?Not unl ess he has fini shed his homework.Un less the sun were to rise in the west, I would n t break my word.I won t attend his birthday party

27、unless invited (= unless I amin vited)18. as/so long as 只要So /as long as you keep on trying, you will surely succeed.So/ as long as you stick to your pla ns for your study, you are sureto make great progress.What are you going to do this after noon?1 will probably go for a walk later on so long as i

28、t stays fine.19. supposing/ suppose (that) 假定; 假女口Suppose/ supposing (that) I don t have a day off, what shall we do?Suppose x equals to y, the n you can work out the result.Providing/ provided (that) = on condition that假女口, 在条件下I ll lend you the moneyon condition that you can return it in three mon

29、 ths.I ll go providing/ provided that my expenses are paid.20. given (that) =take .into consideration 鉴于, 考虑至UGiven the government s record on unemployment, their chances of winning the electi on look poor.Given their interest in children/ given that she is interested in childre n, I am sure teach i

30、ng is the right career for her.Gran ted that 的确Gran ted that it s a sple ndid car, but have you see n what it costs?21. in case that 万一; 以防;in case of + n 万一In case (that) John comes/ should come, please tell him to wait.(in case that后谓语用一般现在时或should +动词原型)Please rem ind me about it in case I forget

31、 / should forget.Please take my umbrella in case (that) it rains/ should rai n.In case of fire, what should we do?22. 祈使句(表条件)+ or else/ or / otherwise+ 主句(表结果).否则, 要不然.Please call me up before you come, otherwise/ or else/ or we might be out.Hurry up, or you will be late.祈使句(表条件)+ and +主句(表结果)Give

32、him an inch and he will take a mile.Be un ited and cooperate with each other and only in this way can we save our earth.23. as(so)as和一样Henry is as good a player as Peter (is).He worked as fast as a skilled worker (did).We will give you as much help as we can.24. 形容词/副词比较级+than注意：形容词和副词的比较级前还可以加一个表示程

33、度的修饰语，常用的修饰语是：(1) .a little, a bit, slightly稍微；一些(2) . Much, a lot, greatly, a great deal, far, by far.得多(3) . Still, eve n, rather更(4) . Any 般用于疑问句，表示一些”；“稍微”(5) .倍数或数量词.This text is a little (a bit) more difficult than the other.He has made far greater progress this term than he did last term.With

34、 the development of society, people in China are a good deal richer than before.He is two years older tha n = he is older tha n I by two years.Asia is three times larger than Europe.=Asia is three times as large as Europe.=Asia is three times the size of Europe.还应注意，当more作为many, much的比较级时，其修饰语分别是(1)

35、 .ma ny, a few, + more +可数名词复数(2) much, a little , a bit, a great deal+ more +不可数名词(3) .a lot, some, far, any +more+可数或不可数均可，more译作“另外”I ve made a lot (many) more mistakes than you veHe has built up a large bus in ess and earned much more money tha n before.25. by far 最.;比.得多注意:by far既可修饰比较级又可修饰最高级，

36、注意by far在句中的位置.He worked harder by far tha n his elder brother.He is by far the taller of the two basketball players.He is by far the tallest of all the players on the team.His expla nati on is by far clearer tha n the old one.26. the + 比较级.,the + 比较级越，越.The more you n eed, the better you un dersta

37、nd.The higher up you go, the colder it becomes.A body weighs less the further it gets from the surface of the earth.=The further it gets from the surface of the earth, the less the body weights.The sooner, the better.27. no +比较级+ than 表示 “ A和B都不”Not + 比较级+ than 表示 “ A不如B”This book is no more interes

38、ting than that one.He works no harder than I .他和我都不用功.He doesn t work harder than I .他不如我用功More than 不仅仅 no more than只不过,仅仅 not more than = at most不多于There are no more than ten students in the classroom.There are not more than ten students in the classroom.He is no more than a child, so I don t take

39、 him too seriously.In our students eyes, he is more than a teacher, he is more likeour friend.More + adj/ n + than + adj / n与其说倒不如说He is more of a student than of a teacher.与其说他是个老师，倒不如说他是个学生.He is more diligent than clever.与其说他聪明，倒不如说他勤奋.28. superior 较高的,上好的,出众的,高傲的Senior年长的,资格较老的，地位较高的，高级的Junior年少

40、的,下级的,和to搭配This western restaura nt is superior to the one we went to last week.He is three years junior to me= He is junior to me three years.She is senior to every one else in the compa ny.29. so + adj / adv + that ; such ( a/an ) + adj + that“如此以至于.”引导结果状语从句.His English wasso limited that he coul

41、dn t understand what the native speakers said.He was so devoted to his students that he often fell ill fromoverwork ing.It was such warm weather that we went swimmi ng.Table tennis is such a popular game that people all over the world play it.还应注意：(1) 当名词前有 many /much /few / little 修饰时，用 so+ n = tha

42、t 结构.即 so many/ much/few/ little+n+thatThere were so many people in the street watching the fire that firefighters couldn t get close to the building.The Wester ners eat so much fat and sugar that they put on weight easily.The country has so little coal that it has to import large quantities of coal

43、.There are so few fish in the pool that we can t fish them easily.(2) such+ a/ an + adj. + n + that = so + adj.+ a/ an +n + thatHe is such an hon est pers on that you can depe nd on him whe n you re in trouble.He is so honest a person that you can depend on him when you re in trouble.(3) 由sothat和suc

44、hthat引导的结果状语从句的倒装结构.当so和其 后的形容词或副词；such连词后的名词放在句首时，主句使用倒装结构Such great progress has he made in his studies that weall admire him.(4) suchthat句型的特殊性:such后可以不出现adj和n,也可以倒装.His behavior was such that all his frie nds deserted him.=Such was his behavior that all his frie nds deserted him.The force of the

45、 explosion was such that all the windows were broken.=Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.30. in order that ; so that (为了.)引导目的状语从句He got up early in order that / so that he could catch the first bus.He closed all the windows while driving so that he shouldn t catchc

46、old.(so that 否定句要用 shouldn t)So that引导结果状语从句对比：(1).he set off early, so that he caught the first bus.(2).he set off early so that he could catch the first bus.41. catch sb doi ng 撞见正在干The thief caught steali ng was sent to the police stati on.Several stude nts were caught cheati ng in the college en

47、trance exam in ati on and were puni shed severely.Send + n + doing 使.快速.The arrival of police sent the robbers running away quickly.Work came that his father was badly ill. The sad news sent him going home at on ce.42. 独立结构：无论是不定式，现在分词，过去分词作状语，一般情况下要求前后逻辑主语 一致.但有些结构表明说话人的态度，判断或一般看法，不要求逻辑主语的一致 性,是一个独

48、立的插入成分.不定式：To be frank; to be honest; to tell the truth; to be safe; to be shortTo be short, we are faced with many issues and n eed to take immediate action to solve them.现在分词：Comparatively/ fran kly/ exactly/ gen erally/ hon estly/ properly/ roughly speak ingSpeaking of / talking of 谈到 / 说道judging

49、 from 从.来判断Considering 考虑到鉴于.;就.而论Granting假定；姑且认为Talk ing of look ing for jobs, what kind of job would you like to do in the future?Judg ing from the look on his face, he was lying.Granting this to be true/ that this is true, what conclusion can be draw n from it?43.lt 形式主语It + 系动词 (be./seem )+ no g

50、ood/ no use/ useless + doing sthIt is no good reading without full understanding.He is too stubborn to change his mind. It s no use arguing with him.As a student, it s no good staying up too late.There + 系动词 (be / seem .)+ no doing sth = it s impossible to do.做.是不可能的There is no finishing the work in

51、 such a short time.=it s impossible to finish the work in such a short time.There is little time left, so there is no arriving there on time.There s no saying what he II be doing next.44. with独立主格结构作定语或状语： with + n + n (with 可省略)The workforce is made up of 400 workers, (with) most of them wome n.=th

52、e workforce is madeup of 400 workers, and most of them are women.=the workforce is made up of 400 workers, most of whom are wome n.(2) with + n + adj (with可省略)The students were listening to the teacher, their eyes wideopen (=and their eyes were wide ope n).(3) with + n + adv (with 可以省略)The meeting o

53、ver, we returned to the classroom. = when the meetingwas over, we retur ned to the classroom.He pulled on his shirt, wrong side out. = he pulled on his shirt, but the wrong side was out.(4) (with) + n + prep - phraseThe old man sat on the chair, with a pipe in his mouth/ pipe in mouth.The soldier st

54、ood there, gun in hand.(5) (with) + n + to do / to be done (表示将来动作)Wearrived at the station at 10:00, with the train to leave at 10:30.With so many people to help the people in the flood-stricken area, they are sure to get over all the hardship.(6) (with) + n + doing / being done (表示正在进行)/ having do

55、ne (动 作已经完成)It being sunny , the children decided to go outing.= as it was sunny, the childre n decided to go outi ng.His mother falling ill suddenly, he had to cancel his trip to lookafter her.= because his mother fell ill sudde nly, he had to can cel histrip to look after her.Weather permitting,we

56、ll fly to Guangzhoutoday. = if weather permits,we ll fly to Guan gzhou today.The guests hav ing left, she set out to tidy up the room.= after the guests had left, she set out tidy up the room.The freeway being repaired, we had to take other ways to retur n toBeiji ng. = because the freeway is being repaired, we had to take other ways to return to Beiji ng.(7) With + n + done/ hav ing bee n doneHer glasses broken, she couldn t see the words on the blackboard.He stood there, his hands cros