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1、(比利时:立法者取消安乐死年龄限制)(比利时:立法者取消安乐死年龄限制)By Laura Smith-Spark and Diana Magnay, CNNCNNNovember 27, 2013 10300220116 宋阳比利时取消安乐死年龄限制 In Belgium(比利时), where euthanasia is now legal for people over the age of 18, the government is considering extending it to childrenchildren something that no other country h

2、as done. The same bill would offer the right to die to adults with early adults with early dementia(dementia(痴呆痴呆), the Alzheimers, for example.), the Alzheimers, for example.比利时取消安乐死年龄限制The senate committee voted 13-4 to allow minors (未成年人) to seek euthanasia under certain conditions. The bill stat

3、es that “It would be possible only for competent minors suffering unbearable physical pain from a competent minors suffering unbearable physical pain from a serious physical illness without prospect of improvement to serious physical illness without prospect of improvement to request euthanasiareque

4、st euthanasia.” This is different from adults, who can also request it if they are suffering psychologically. psychologically.The vote is only one stage is only one stage in a legislative process Senate committee all senators House of Representatives the King, sign into the law The bill must clear o

5、ther hurdles before it becomes law.比利时取消安乐死年龄限制The Netherlands (The Netherlands (荷兰荷兰) ) already allows people over the age of 12 to request euthanasia with the consent of their parents. Since the law was introduced in 20022002.Euthanasia was firstly allowed to an Alzheimers patientAlzheimers patien

6、t for the first time in the Netherlands 2011Netherlands 2011.Belgium Belgium was the secondsecond country in the world after the Netherlands to legalize euthanasia in 2002 but it applies only to people over the over the age of 18.age of 18. June 14, 2013, WSJWSJ比利时取消安乐死年龄限制Palliative Sedation(缓和治疗/消

7、极治疗)Specialized medical care to ease the pain rather than provide curative treatmentPatients are sedatedare sedated(给以镇定剂) and life-sustaining support is life-sustaining support is withdrawn withdrawn so they starve to death.Assisted SuicideSuicide with the help from the doctor Suicide with the help

8、 from the doctor to end suffering from severe physical or mental illnessPatient has to take the final action themselves (unlike euthanasia)Euthanasiaa practice in which a physician provides a physician provides a competent, terminally ill patient with a prescription for a lethal dose with a prescrip

9、tion for a lethal dose of medicationof medication, upon the patients request, which the patient intends to use to end his or her own life比利时取消安乐死年龄限制Earlier this month, 16 pediatricians wrote an open letter in two national newspapers demanding an extension of the practice.Doctors do terminate lives

10、of children as well as adults, but today its done in a gray zonein a gray zone or in the dark because its illegal. And this means that theres a lot of room to do things the wrong way.“Doctors need a legal framework”“Doctors need a legal framework”“Medical experts argue that the number of mercy killi

11、ngs carried out in Belgium have actually remained relatively have actually remained relatively constant constant and that the main difference since the enactment of the law (2002) was that doctors no longer had to carry out illegally a service that some of their terminally-ill patients requested”“Th

12、e conditions for euthanasia need to be clarified in detail, closing the door to possible misinterpretation that could closing the door to possible misinterpretation that could lead to abuselead to abuse. After all, what is at stake is a matter of life and death.”比利时取消安乐死年龄限制It is strange that minors

13、 are considered legally incompetent in key areas, such as getting married, but might (be able) to decide to die“Children couldnt possibly have the capacity to make an informed decision about euthanasia since even adults struggle with the concept. It often happens that when people get into the circum

14、stances they had so feared earlier, they manage to cling on all the more, children, like everyone else, may not be able to anticipate how much they will value their lives if they were not killed.“比利时取消安乐死年龄限制Because Belgium has already approved euthanasia for adults, it is unjust to deny it to child

15、ren. The principle of euthanasia for children sounds shocking at first, but its motivated by compassion and protection. Its unfair to provide euthanasia differentially to some citizens and not to others (children) if the need is equal.”Changes would legalize what is already happening informally.比利时取

16、消安乐死年龄限制Laura Smith-Spark and Diana Magnay, “Belgium: Lawmakers Back Allowing Minors to Request Euthanasia”,CNN, Nov. 27, 2013 2013 Raphael Cohen-Almagor, D.Phil, Euthanasia Policy and Practice in Belgium: Critical Observations and Suggestions for Improvement, Issues in Law & Medicine, Volume 24, Number 3, 20092009“Belgium looks at

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