一般过去时与现在完成时区别

1、一般过去时与现在完成时区别1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作，和现在不发生关系。而现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况。2）一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。 一般过去时的时间状语有：yesterday, last week，ago, in1980, in October, just now,等具体的时间状语。共同的时间状语有this morning, tonight, this summer, before, already,等。现在完成时的时间状语有：for, sinc

2、e, ever, never, just, already, yet, in the past years等不确定的时间状语。 请大家认真分析比较下列各例句： I saw this film yesterday. （只说明动作发生在过去。） I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。） She has returned from Paris. （她已从巴黎回来了。） She returned yesterday. （她是昨天回来的。） He has been in the League for three years. (在团内的状态可延续) He

3、 joined the League three years ago. ( 三年前入团，joined为短暂行为。) 注意：句子中如有一般过去时的时间副词（如 yesterday, last week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。例如： 判断正误： （ ）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （ ）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 【即学即用】用所给词的适当形式填空：1. He _ just _ ( copy ) all the new words

4、.2. The Australian _( work ) in China for three years.3. I _ never _ ( see ) such a good film before.4. _ you ever _ ( be ) to Beijing?5. The little girl _ ( learn ) about 100 songs so far.6. He _ in U.S.A for 20 years. （live）7. Mr Green is an engineer. He _(work) in China for about two years.8. You

5、r father (be) to Guangzhou twice.9. The Smiths _ China for three years.（ be ） 10. He _ ( teach ) English since he came here. 11. Kate never (see) Chinese films. 12. -Ann has gone to Shanghai. -So _her parents. A. has B. had C. did D. have 13. I_ a letter from him since he left. ( get ) 14. They _ ju

6、st_( close )the windows. 15. I_ (return) the book to the library already. 16. She never (meet) a foreigner before. 17. I_ ( know ) Jim for three years. 18. How many songs _ they_ by now? ( learn) 19. My father_( be )to the Great Wall before. 20. Mr. Smith_ ( live ) in London since 1979. 21. Recently

7、 Mary _ ( do ) her work regularly. 22. He_( stay ) here since 3 hours ago. 23. She _ ( learn ) about 30,000 words in the past three years.四、英语动词根据词义可分为两种,一种是延续性的,一种是终止性的,终止性动词(也可称为非延续性动词,瞬间动词,或点动词),如begin, start, die, buy, leave, come等,表示动作的发生与结束于一瞬间完成,不能再延续,所以它的现在完成时不能和表示延续的时间状语连用,即不能与表示一段时间的状语,for

8、+时间段, since+时间点/从句连用,也不能用在how long引导的特殊疑问句中. .将时间状语改为时间段 + ago,句中谓语动词用一般过去时. eg.我弟弟参军两年了. My brother joined the army two years ago.= My brother has been in the army for two years. 若保留for+时间段,since+时间点/从句, 或用在 how long 句型中,则需将终止性动词改为相应的状态动词或延续性动词 即学即用The movie began about 20 minutes ago.（同义句）The movi

9、e has _ for about 20 minutes. 将瞬间动词转化为表延续的动词或者表状态的be+名词形容词或副词介词短语等。常见终止性动词与延续性动词(或状态动词)的对应关系如下:come/go/arrive/get/reach/move-be in/at open-be open die-be dead close-be closed become-be borrow-keep begin/start-be on put on-wear leave-be away (from) buy-have fall asleep-be asleep end/finish-be over ca

10、tch a cold-have a cold join the army-be in the army /be a soldier join the Party-be in the Party /be a Party member My brother has been in the army for two years. My brother has been a soldier for two years.即学即用：判断正误：1) I've left Shanghai for three days.( ) 2) I've been away from Shanghai fo

11、r three days.( ). 3) I left Shanghai three days ago. ( ) 4) It is /has been three days since I left Shanghai.( )5) His father has died for two years. ( )6) His father died two years ago. ( )补充练习：单项选择：1. When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _ for 20 minutes.A. has left B. had left C. has been awa

12、y D. had been away2. I _ the League for 5 years so far. A. joined B. have joined C. have been in3. The factory _ since the February of 1988. A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened4. Mary and Rose _friends since they met in 2000. A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become5.You mu

13、stn't _ until he comes back. A. be away B. leave C. be left6.The meeting _ for a week now. A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over7.Miss Gao _ this school for nearly 5 years. A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught8.Ben _ a teacher for 4 years . A. has been B. has become C. was D. beca

14、me9. I _ home for a week. A. have returned B. have been back C. returned10. How long _ he _ ? A. died B. has, died C. has, been dead11. He _ at eight yesterday afternoon.A. slept B. was sleeping C. has sleep D. had slept12.He _ the car for a week. A. bought B. has bought C. has had 13.-How long _ yo

15、u _ ill ? -Two weeks. A. did fall B. have, fell C. have, been14.Since 2000, he _ his hometown. A. has left B. has moved away C. has been away from15.I'll lend you the book , but you can only _ it for 2 days. A. borrow B. keep C. take16.The bus _ on the road for 2 hours so far. A. has stopped B.

16、stopped C. has been17.Are you _ the jacket these days? A. wearing B. putting on C. dressing D. on18.He _ for 2 hours. A. got up B. has got up C. has been up19. Tom is ill in hospital. He _ a cold for several days. A. is B. catches C. has caught D. has had20.- How long can I _ the book? - Two weeks.A

17、. borrow B. lend C. get D. keep“现在完成时”牵手中考真题1. Chen Jie, the workers _ our new library already. Really? Ill go there and borrow some books. （浙江宁波）A. build B. are building C. have built D. were built2. Why wont you go to the movie with we, Betty? Because I _ it twice. （山东威海）A. see B. will see C. saw

18、D. have seen3. Henry speaks Chinse very well. He _ in China since 2002. （河北邢台）A. stay B. stayed C. is staying D. has stayed4. Where is your mother? She_ to England, and she will be back next week. （内蒙古乌兰察布）A. has been B. went C. go D. has gone5. So far, how long _ you _ China? For one year. （河北邢台）A.

19、 have; come to B. have; been to C. have; been in D. have; gone to6. Neither Jim nor his cousins _ to America, but _ of them know the country very well. （山东潍坊）A. have been; all B. have been; both C. has been; all D. has been; both7. Hi, I _ you for a long time. I _ in Beijing. Ive just come back. （湖北

20、随州）A. hadnt seen; am B. havent seen; shall be C. didnt see; will be D. havent seen; was8. Where is my little dog? It_ the back of the house. （湖北武汉）A. has gone to B. had gone to C. has been to D. had been to【典型考题】 1. What are you going to do this Sunday? I _ yet. (绍兴市) A. wont decide B. didnt decide

21、C. havent decided D. dont decide2. Kitty, will you go to see the film Cold Mountain this evening? No, I wont. I _it already. (南京市) A. saw B. have seen C. see D. will see3. Our country _a lot so far. Yes, I hope it will be even _. (包头市) A. has changed; well B. have changed; good C. have changed; bett

22、er D. has changed; better4. The life we were used to _greatly since 1992. (苏州市) A. change B. has changed C. changing D. have changed5. Where can I find Jack? He _the post office. (武汉市)A. has been to B. had been toC. has gone to D. had gone to6. You are leaving your school. How do you like it?Very mu

23、ch, of course. I _this school since I moved here. (黄冈市)A. came to B. have gone toC. have been at D. have been to7. How long have you _the book? For several weeks. (青岛市)A. bought B. borrowed C. lent D. had8. _ you _your homework yet？Yes I _ it a moment ago（甘肃）A Did; do; finishedB Have; done; finishedC Have; done; have finishedD Will; do; fi