非谓语动词语法讲解

1、非谓语动词语法讲解一、非谓语动词的概念动词的基本用法是作谓语。当句中已经有了谓语动词了，要选或要填的动词就只能用非谓语形式了。非谓语形式有三种：1、动词不定式：todo2、动词的ing:doing3、动词的过去分词：done二、三种形式的含义（基本用法）不定式：表示目的和将来；动词的ing：表示主动和进行；过去分词：表示被动和完成。三、非谓语动词的时态和语态一般式完成式进行式不定式主动被动todotohavedonetobedoingtobedonetohavebeendoneing形式主动doinghavingdone被动beingdonehavingbeendone过去分词被动done四、

2、非谓语动词的否定形式在非谓语动词前加not,never.即not/nevertodo,not/neverdoing五、非谓语动词的复合结构不定式的复合结构：for/ofsb.todosth.动词ing形式的复合结构：宾格或所有格+doing（-ing形式作主语时，用的所有格doing）六、非谓语动词的做题步骤1、判定是否用非谓语形式。方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。3、判断主被动关系。方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。4、判断时间关系。方法：分析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是

3、同时。之前常用done;之后常用todo;同时常用doing.学习非谓语形式时，建议把三种形式一起来比较学习，会更加有效一些。一、非谓语动词作主语和表语的比较1、不定式和动名词作主语和表语a.不定式表示一次性的、具体的动词。动词ing常表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的动作。如：isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.A.ThewalkB.WalkingC.TowalkD.Walk（分析）agoodform暗示泛指一般的行为，用动名词作主语，选Bb.不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，即用句型：Itis+adj./n.+（for/ofsb.）todosth.I

4、t'simportantforustolearnEnglishwell.It'skindofyoutohelpus.注意：下面几个句型是用动名词：It'snogood/usedoingsth.It'suselessdoingsth.Thereisnoneedtodosth.2、不定式、动名词、分词作表语的比较1、不定式、动名词作表语，.表示主语的内容。如：是myjob的内容）Myjobisteaching/toteachEnglish.(teaching/toteachEnglishKnowingwhowearemeansknowingwhatweliketod

5、o.（主表语要用同一种形式）2、分词作表语记住：一些表示情感、情绪的动词，常用分词形式作表语。现在分词表示主语的性质特征，用过去分词表示主语的状态。常用动词：surprise（使某人吃惊），surprising（令人吃惊），surprised（主语）感到吃惊）类似动词有：excite（激动），astonish（惊奇），shock（震惊），scare（惊恐），disappoint（失望），move（感动），如：Themovieisexciting.Weareexcitedatthenews.3、在seem/appear（似乎，好像），prove/turnout（被证明是），remain（仍然是，

6、尚待）等连系动词后，可用不定式作表语。如：Heseemed（tobe）veryhappy.非谓语动词练习题精选pretendedmewhenIpassedby.A.nottoseeseeingC.tonotseenotseen2.-Haveyoudecidedwhen?-Yes,tomorrowmorning.A.toleavebeleavingyouleaveyouleavingsummerItookacourseon.tomakedressestobemadedresseddressesbemadedressestobemadeneverdrivedrivingtodrivedrivekn

7、ewherverywell.Theyhadseenherupfromchildhood.growinggrowwasmadethetruckforaweekasapunishment.washbewashing7.Thechairlooksratherhard,butinfactitisverycomfortableto.onsatD.besatoniseasythesequestions.beansweredansweringhertoanswereasierthandoing.talk'tforgetyourlawyerthisweekend.meetmetamafraidIfor

8、getyoubefore.meetpenisratherold,butitisallrightformeto.withwrittenwrittenwithdoesn'tknowtosayornot.hewilldoctoradviseslessandmoreexercise.eat;totake;totake;takingeat;takingareyougoingtodothisafternoon?-I'mthinkingoftovisitmyaunt.gonegoingdeerwasluckythatitjustmissed.becaughtcaughtcatchshould

9、keeponEnglisheveryday.practisetospeakpractisespeakingtospeakingstudentdoesn'tmindwhenhespeaksEnglish.A.laughedlaughedatbelaughedatsentenceneeds.improvementyouusedabag?Tomcoulddonothingbut.waithermotherangry.'smarriedJack'smarryingJack'shasmarriedJack'smarryingwithJackproblemiswor

10、th.discussbediscussedhasneverspentaday.worryworryingworryingworryofthepeopletothepartywerefamousscientists.invitedinvitednewssounds.encourageIhelpyou?-I'dliketohavethispackage,madam.weighedbeweighedweighabouttheaccident,hewenttoworkasusual.knownnotknowingtheparty,Joanwasgreatlyhurt.notbeeninvite

11、dhavingbeeninvitednotinvitedhavinginvitedapoliceman,thechildrencrossedthestreetsafely.leadboyabluejacketisJohn'sbrother.isquitedifferentfromwrittenEnglish.isfromancountry.lessons,theywenttothecinema.finishedfinishedhadwonthefirstprize,hefeltveryhappy.knownher36.soonassheenteredtheroom,thegirlcau

12、ghtsightoftheflowersbymother.boughtboughtoldscientisthasbeeninvitedtoapartynextMondayevening.heldbeheldbuildingnowwillbeusedasourreadingroom.bebuiltbuiltbuiltadvisedatonce.tostartingtostartstartingstartshouldn'tallowgamesneartheclassroom,forit'stoonoisy.playingplaytoplayplayingstudentsarekep

13、tbusytheirlessons.reviewreviewingtogethimintheproposal.;interestedknewhedidn'tlistentome,butIwenton;interestinghope;interesting;interestcan'tgetthecarA.go;tohelp.Weneedsomeone;tohelp;helpingus.;helpingfootball.thanplaytoplayatlast.prefertowatchplayplayingdaywehadlookedforwardtohopeyou'll

14、succeedthistask.finishfinishingcouldn'topenthefrontdoor,sohetriedthebackdoor.pushdon'twantthatsortofthinghappenhappeningkeephappenkeephappeningwatchwants.Itdoesn'ttherighttime.repair;tellrepaired;say;speak;telldoctoradvisedhimtogiveup,butherefusedso.smoke;doing;todosmoke;todo;doingsmall,computersarewidelyused.times,buthestillcouldn'tunderstandit.beentoldhadbeentoldhehadbeentoldtoldtheleftandyou'llseethepostoffice.turn,icechangesintowater.heatareheatedhisbrother,pareifhecouldcometothepartythatn