高二英语必修5重点词组

1、Unit1GreatScientistsliftup托起explain(sth)tosb向某人解释explainsbsth(X)astheenvironmentchanged随着环境的改变physicalcharacteristics身体特征keepsbsafe保证某人安全putforwardatheory提出一种理论examineanewscientificidea检验一个新的科学想法draw/arriveat/cometo/reachaconclusion得出一个结论此处a并不固定，若有修饰时要改为themakeupaquestion设计问题analysetheresults分析结果att

2、endto处理；照顾；专心于eg:Ihavesomeimportantthingstoattendto.我有些重要事须处理。 Ifyougoout,I'llattendtothebaby.你出去的话，我会照顾孩子的。 Shedidn'tattendtowhatIwassaying.她没有专心听我刚才说的话。ordinarypeople普通老百姓exposeto暴露deadlydisease致命的疾病neithernor既不也不everytime每次，每当，后接从句，起连词作用类似的有：themoment,theminute一就solvetheproblem解决问题getinte

3、restedin对有兴趣absorbinto吸收beabsorbedin全神贯注于believein信任，信仰gatherinformation收集信息giveavaluableclue提供有价值的线索thecauseofthedisease疾病的起因cause与of搭配；reason与for搭配betoblameforsth应该受到责备主动的形式表示被动的含义blamesbforsth因某事责备某人blamesthonsb把归咎于lookinto调查losecontrolof/be(get)outofcontrol失去控制in/underthecontrolof被控制着terrifiedpe

4、ople惊慌失措的人们过去分词作定语，类似有：affectedperson;astonishedpeople；pollutedwaterremovefrom搬离slowdown放慢速度，减缓inaddition=besides=what'smore除此之外,也，另外inadditionto,后接名词，代词belinkedto与联系withcertainty毫无疑问prevent/stop/keep.fromdoingsth阻止做某事contributeto有助于，促成makeacontributionto捐献，做出贡献cometoanend结束takeupanewcareer从事一项新

5、的职业apartfrom除之夕卜有两层含义：1.=besides并未排除2.=except真正意义上的排除在外makeroomfor腾出空间bestrictwith对严格leadto通向，导致makesense有意义，讲得通punishsbforsth因而惩罚某人workon从事于，忙于attimes有时beenthusiasticfor/about/oversth对某事很热情becautiousaboutsb/sth对某人/某事谨慎onlyif只有ifonly如果就好了t后面的句子常表示与现在或将来的事实相反，谓语动词要虚拟，用过去时态表示。IfonlyIcouldhelpyou!如果我能帮

6、助你，那该多好啊！pointofview态度，观点，看法instruct(vt)instruction(n)instructor(n)教员，讲师一instructive(adj)有教育意义的，由启发性的instructions=directions操作指南，说明书followtheinstructions按照说明书onsb'sconstruction按照某人的吩咐developthefilm洗照片Unit2TheUnitedKingdomtheUnitedKingdom联合王国thePrimeMinister首相consist:consistof由组成，（无被动态）=bemadeupo

7、f=becomposedofconsistin存在于consistwith与一致，相符divideinto把分成（整体t部分）separatefrom和分开（部分之间）Thereisnoneedtodosth没有必要干某事Thereisnochance/possibility/hope/doubtdebate:debateabout/on/oversth为某事争论（争辩）adebateaboutthepollution关于污染问题的讨论aheateddebate激烈的辩论clarifyanyproblems弄明白任何问题clarifywater净化水belinkedto与联系，连结refert

8、o提及，涉及findsbsthdone（doing）发现某人（物）处于某种状态Howdoyoufindsth/sb?=Howdoyoulikesth/sb?=Whatdoyouthinkofsth/sb?你认为怎么样？toone'ssurprise/disappointment/delight/horror令某人惊讶/失望/高兴/惊恐breakawayfrom摆脱，脱离breakdown（机器等）损坏，不能运转；（计划，谈判）失败；破裂（身体）垮掉；（化学物等的）分散，分解breakinto/in破门而入，突然发生vt/vibreakup（关系）破裂；驱散（人群）breakout（火灾

9、，战争）突然发生，爆发breakoff折断（树枝）；中断工作，谈话；休息breakthrough突破（障碍）；克服internationalrelation国际关系relationrelaterelativerelativelyrelatedrelationshiprelativityrelateto有关relateAwith（to）B把A与B联系起来berelatedtosb/sth与某人/某事有关in/withrelationto和联系起来；关于haveno/somerelationto禾口毫无关系/有一些关系convenience:forconvenience（sake）为了方便起见at

10、yourconvenience在你方便的时候Dothis.convenient的主语不用人，常用it作形式主语。句式为：itisconvenientforsbtodosth某人方便做某事historicalattraction历史名胜attract/get/draw/catchone'sattention吸引某人的注意力beattractedto/by被所吸弓丨influence:undertheinflueneeof受至U的影响havegreatinflueneeupon/on对有很大的影响keepone'seyesopen睁大眼睛，要留意，不能错过take与plaee组合t

11、aketheplaeeof代替=beinplaeeof代替，取代takeplaee发生takeone'splaee代替某人的位置，就位leaveout省去makearrangementfor为做好准备oeeasion:onspeeialoeeasions在特殊的场合onthatoeeasion那时onoeeasion有时，偶尔=attimes/fromtimetotimeonevery/possibleoeeasion一有机会就inmemoryof为了纪念=inhonorofcomeoutof从走出来ringoutthehour敲响整点的钟settheworldtime为世界定时的钟a

12、nimaginaryline假想线passthrough通过，穿过；经历，遭受wonderfultreasures奇异珍宝onshow展出be/feelproudof=takepridein为感至U骄傲beconsistentwith与一致Youcannotaffordtomissit.你不要错过它。available可得至的；有空的eg:1.Thereisalittlemoneyavailableforthechild.这个孩子可供利用的钱很少的。2. Thelawyerisnotavailablenow.律师现在没空。beunderconstruction在建设中inevidence明显的

13、，显而易见的bewellworthdoing很值得做Unit3LifeintheFutureprivateschool私立学校publicschool公立学校inprivate私下地lack:lacksth(vt)缺少eg:lackcourage/confidenee/responsibility缺乏勇气/信心/责任感belackinginlackofsth(n)eg:Theplantsdiedbecauseoflackofwater.同义词：beshortofeg:I'mshortofmoney.lackfornothing应有尽有pressdown往下按thepress新闻界mas

14、teralanguage掌握一门语言masterEnglish掌握英语switchon/off开/关takeupaprize接受奖励rubone'seyes擦亮眼睛remindsbofsth提醒某人某事remindsbtodosth提醒某人做某事beunsettled不安的asaresult结果是sufferfrom遭受besimilarto与相似feelnervousanduncertain感至不安beunderstanding能理解人的makesbsleepy人们感至昏昏欲睡beknownfor因而出名beknownas作为而出名transportsbintothefuture把人

15、送到未来hitbythelackoffreshair由于缺乏新鲜空气innotime立刻，马上atanytime在任何时候intime及时；迟早，最终eg:Intime,you'llforgethim.bebackonone'sfeet=wellbydoing通过某种方式，手段getlost迷路inalldirections=ineverydirection朝四面八方sight:losesightof看不见catchsightof瞥见atfirstsight乍一眼Outofsight,outofmind.眼不见，心不烦。insight在视线范围内slideinto/outof(

16、slid,slid)悄悄溜进/溜出onearth究竟inlength在长度范围内atlength详尽地；最终anoptimisticview/apessimisticview乐观/悲观的观点beoptimisticabout对乐观jobopportunity工作机会(opportunities)thealiencreature外星生物inwhispers低声地changeinto变成assist:assistin帮助，协助assistsbindoingsthassistsbwithsthassistant:(n)助教，助手；(adj)副的，助理的anassistantprofessor助教sk

17、ipout/off悄悄地或匆匆地离开某地skipover遗漏，跳过gosoft变软go为系动词，soft作它的表语；类似有：gocrazy/hungry/badrequiresbtodosth要求某人做某事requiresbthat从句should+v原形requiredoing需要(主动形式表被动含义)eg:Thefloorrequireswashing.地板需要擦了。takeup拿起；接受；开始从事；继续；占用speedup加速sweepup打扫，把卷入makeup编造；打扮；补回；编制，草拟；组成，构成turnup(音量)调大；出现lookup查阅注意：lookupthewordinth

18、edictionary;refertothedictionarygiveup放弃carryup把带上去pickup捡起；获得；恢复健康eatup吃完，吃光useup用完，耗尽takeafter相似takeaway解除，消除；外卖takein收留；包括；领悟；欺骗takeoff脱掉；起飞takeout拔掉；带某人出去；申请取得takeover接任；接管作状语的过去分词通常与句子的主语存在着被动关系，它所表示的动作通常和谓语动词属于同一时间范畴，也可表示先于谓语动词发生的动作。若非常强调先发生的动作，可用havingbeendoneeg:Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hecan&

19、#39;stillrememberit.别人虽然已经告诉过他很多遍了，但他还是记不住。AbecomparedwithBA与B比较belostin陷入befacedwith面对becaughtin被困在sbbeseated;sbsitUnit4MakingtheNewsfutureoccupation未来职业workforanewspaper为新闻报纸工作ChinaDaily中国日报offersbsthprovidesbwithsthprovidesthforsbdosomeresearch(onsth)作调查，研究workexperienee工作经历enthusiasmforthejob对工作

20、的热情unforgettablemoments难忘的时刻betodo表将来beabouttodo不能与表示将来概念的时间状语连用eg:Weareabouttostarttomorrow.(x)gooutonastory=goouttocoverastory出去采访新闻on+名词与come/go连用，表目的，去做某事aprofessionalphotographer一位专业摄影师takephotographs扌白照片byprofession作为职业eager:beeagertodosth渴望做某事beeagerfor/about/aftersthbeeagerthat+从句concentrate

21、on=beabsorbedin聚精会神lateron之后takeacourseatuniversity在大学专修一门课程beof+抽象名词=形容词beofinterest=interestingbeofimportance=importantacquirealltheinformationyouneedtoknow获得你需要的所有信息haveanoseforastory对新闻有非常敏感的“嗅觉”haveanosefor具有探查或发现某事物的能力haveaneyefor对有鉴另U能力haveanearfor对听觉灵敏findoutthemissingpartofthestory查明新闻遗漏部分t

22、ellthewholetruth说出全部真相dependon依赖atrickofthetrade行业诀窍getsthstraight使某事准确无误accusesb.ofsth=chargesb.withsth指控某人做某事getthewrongendofthestick完全搞错了thisishowthestorygoes事情是这样的soasto为了（不能放在句首）besupposedtohavedone理应做过某事arrangeaninterview安排采访getascoop抢独家新闻case:incase+句子以防，万一incaseof+n/n短语以防，万一innocase决不（放在句首要部

23、分倒装）inanycase不管怎样inthis/thatcase如果这样/那样byaccident=bychance偶然，无意deliberately=onpurpose=bydesign故意defendagainStfrom防卫以免于seldom,rarely,hardly,barely,scarcely很少，几乎不aheadof在之前；超过settowork=getdowntowork着手工作此处work均为名词，to均为介词wastedwordsorphrases无用的话designthemainheadlineandsmallerheading设计主标题和副标题polishthesty

24、le润色语言风格writeagoodfrontpagearticle写一篇很好的头版文章beprocessedintonegatives被印制成胶片lastofall最后workon从事printingprocess印刷过程make/fixanappointmentwithsb.与某人约会havenointentionofdoingsth没有意图做某事avoiddoing;admitdoing1. Whatarethequalitiesagoodnewsreporterneedstohave?一个好的新闻记者需具有什么品质？2. Nottillyouaremoreexperieneed!等你积

25、累一些经验才行！3. NeverwillZhouYangforgethisfirstassignmentattheofficeofChinaDaily.周阳决不会忘记他在中国日报报社第一天上班的工作任务。4.Whatthefirstdaywouldbelike,andhowyouwouldfeelifyouweretoworkforafamousnewspaperoreompany?主句形式would/could/should/might+v原would/could/should/might+havedonewould/could/should/might+v原此句为对将来时态的虚拟相关时态从

26、句形式表现在过去式；were表过去had+v-ed表将来过去式；weretodo;should+v原Unit5FirstAidaid:give/do/perform/carryoutfirstaid(onsb)实施急救firstaidforthefamily家庭急救firstaidskills急救技能afirst-aidkit急救箱withtheaidof在帮助下fallill生病区别：比hurt正式，常指损害健康，成就，容貌等。injure,hurt,woundinjure:hurt:不仅指肉体上的伤害，也指感情上的伤害wound:指枪伤，刀伤居多get+-ed分词例如：getinjured

27、,saveone'slife拯救生命asprainedankle扭伤的脚踝abloodynose鼻子出血bleed(v)blood(n)bloody(adj)blueblood贵族血统incoldblood冷血Bloodisthickerthanwater.血浓于水。thetreatmentofburns烧伤的治疗其名词为：injurygetburned,getinfectedburn:burnone'boats/bridges破釜沉舟burnone'fingers自作自受aburnedcandle一根烧过的蜡烛aburningcandle一根正在燃烧的蜡烛typeso

28、fburnsfirst,second,thirddegreeburns烧伤的类型一级、二级、三级烧伤作表语作定语ill生病坏的sick恶心，呕吐的生病的eg:thesickchild生病的小孩illluck坏运feelsick/besick生病I'ill.我生病了treat:治疗=cureheal(治愈)对待=regardanessentialpart最重要的部分beessentialto/forsthbeessentialtodosthbeessentialthat+从句protectagainst/from保护以免于preventfrom阻止senseoftouch/smell/t

29、aste/hearing/sight触/嗅/味/听/视觉senseofhumor/time/language/music幽默感/时间观/语感/乐感pain,ache区另Uache:身体长时间不断疼痛用法：ache作v时，其主语是身体的某部位，而不是人。head,tooth,stomach能与ache一起构成复合名词。用法：表身体疼痛表精神痛苦pain:精神或肉体上的疼痛Ceg:Ihaveapain/painsintheleg.=Mylegaches.U表“努力，辛苦，操心”时，只用复数形式eg:Nopains,nogains.不劳无获electric电的，电动的electricshock电击；

30、electricwire电线electrical关于电的知识或电的研究内容electricalengineer电机工程师electronic电子的electronicwatch电子手表electricity(n)匚电，电流，电学影响系列的词affect:(vt)effect:(n)常用短语：haveaneffecton对有影响，对其作用，产生效果influenee(vt)(n)havea(great/strong)influeneeon/upon对有(很大)影响undertheinflueneeof在影响下mild/severesunburn轻微的/严重的灼伤turn/gowhite变白turn,go,become等词，解释为“变得”时，为系动词，eg: