福建省暴雨径流查算图表推理公式法

1、福建省推理公式计算设计洪水手册7一、基本公式：推理公式是无资料地区由暴雨推求洪水比较常用的方法，我省中小型水利工程设计洪水的计算也通常采用这种方法（一般在流域面积200km2以下采用）它是假定汇流时间内降雨强度是均匀，并将汇形面积曲线概化为矩形，导出如下计算公式：当tct时，即全面汇流情况下，RQm=0.278FT当！1.5时，m=0.05300.809；e1.5时，m=0.03900.712；0T时（一般情况时）;fc0.278L二1Tn；T=S；1丄pmJ3Q4ms；Q=0.278丄FmTn计算方法是假定一个e，代入式和式，求出Q，再用式求出P，当T时，得出的Q、T即为所求值，否则重复上述

2、步骤，直至符合要求。m式中：L为自分水岭至出口断面的河道长度（km）J为自分水岭至出口断面的河道比降（。）n为24小时暴雨递减系数。2、计算设计地表洪水过程线（1）把上述计算的24小时设计净雨过程，用fc值将各时段的净雨r分割成地表净雨Ri表i和地下净雨R两个部分，可列表计算。下i其中R=RxfxAt下iPci若计算结果RR时，则取R=R，下ii下iiR表i=Ri-R下式中：R为时段净雨；p为总净雨；fc为稳定下渗率；At为净雨时段数2）计算地表和地下设计洪量：分别由地表和地下净雨求得。地表洪量W主=1000xRxF表表(m3)地下洪量W下=1000xRxF下下(m3)W表式中QxTx3600

3、m表（3）计算地表洪水过程线：先计算地表洪水过程线的形状系数丫=T是地表洪水过程线的底宽，24小时设计雨量固定为50小时,3天设计雨量固定为80小时。然后根据Y值查YtQ%关系表（附表6）的涨水部份和退水部份各个时刻t所对应Qm的2%值，乘以地表洪峰流量0尬表即得。Qm3、计算地下洪水过程线将地下洪量W下按等腰三角形分配，其底宽是地表洪水过程线底宽的两倍。地下洪峰W流量计算公式：Q=“下，式中T为50小时。地下洪峰流量出现在地表洪水过程加下3600xT线的50小时处，地下洪水过程线底宽是地表洪水过程线底宽的两倍即为100小时。所以按等腰三角形进行各时刻地下洪水流量分配，即可求得地下洪水过程线。

4、4、计算设计总洪水过程线根据前面求得地表和地下洪水过程线，将地下洪水过程线的Q置于地表洪水过程线m下的终止点，其起涨点和地表洪水过程线的起涨点重合，中间过程按直线内插，然后把同时刻的流量叠加即得。福建省暴雨点面关系表设计暴雨的aFt关系表02040608010012014016018020022024011.0000.9450.9110.8840.8640.8470.8340.8230.8150.8070.8000.7950.79031.0000.9600.9310.9100.8930.8790.8670.8580.8510.8450.8400.8350.83061.0000.9770.957

5、0.9420.9280.9170.9070.8990.8920.8860.8810.8750.871121.000.0.9860.9720.9610.9510.9430.9350.9280.9210.9150.9100.9050.901241.0000.9910.9830.9750.9690.9640.9590.9530.9490.9440.9400.9360.9333天1.0000.9950.9900.9850.9810.9770.9730.9700.9670.9650.9630.9600.958福建省最大24小时降雨概化过程线10时间3%3%3%3%4%4%7%7%R24-R6R24-R6

6、R24-R6R24-R6R24-R6R24-R6R24-R6R24-R6时间131415161718192050%50%100%33%33%34%7%7%R3-R1R3-R1R1R6R3R6R3R6-R3R24-R6R24-R6福建省最大三天（包括最大24小时）设计雨型表福建省次净雨强度I与稳定入渗率fc相关表附表4单位：毫米/小时0.00.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.900.00.00.10.10.20.20.30.30.40.410.50.50.60.60.70.70.80.80.90.920.91.01.01.11.11.21.21.21.31.331.41.41.4

7、1.51.51.61.61.61.71.741.81.81.81.91.92.02.02.02.12.152.12.22.22.22.32.32.42.42.42.562.52.52.62.62.62.72.72.72.82.872.82.92.92.93.03.03.03.13.13.183.23.23.23.33.33.33.43.43.43.493.53.53.53.63.63.63.73.73.73.8103.83.83.83.93.93.93.94.04.04.0114.14.14.14.14.24.24.24.24.34.3124.34.44.44.44.44.54.54.54.5

8、4.6134.64.64.64.74.74.74.74.84.84.8144.94.94.94.95.05.05.05.05.15.1155.15.15.25.25.25.25.35.35.35.3165.45.45.45.45.55.55.55.55.65.6175.65.65.65.75.75.75.75.85.85.8185.85.95.95.95.96.06.06.06.06.1196.16.16.16.26.26.26.26.26.36.3206.36.36.46.46.46.46.56.56.56.5216.66.66.66.66.66.76.76.76.76.8226.86.86

9、.86.86.96.96.96.97.07.0237.07.07.17.17.17.17.17.27.27.2247.27.37.37.37.37.37.47.47.47.40.00.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.9257.57.57.57.57.57.67.67.67.67.6267.77.77.77.77.87.87.87.87.87.9277.97.97.97.98.08.08.08.08.08.1288.18.18.18.28.28.28.28.28.38.3298.38.38.38.48.48.48.48.48.58.5308.58.58.58.68.68.68.6

10、8.68.78.7318.78.78.78.88.88.88.88.88.98.9328.98.98.99.09.09.09.09.09.19.1339.19.19.19.19.29.29.29.29.29.3349.39.39.39.39.49.49.49.49.49.4359.59.59.59.59.59.69.69.69.69.6369.69.79.79.79.79.79.79.89.89.8379.89.89.99.99.99.99.99.910.010.03810.010.010.010.010.110.110.110.110.110.13910.210.210.210.210.21

11、0.210.310.310.310.34010.310.310.410.410.410.410.410.410.410.54110.510.510.510.510.510.610.610.610.610.64210.610.710.710.710.710.710.710.710.810.84310.810.810.810.810.910.910.910.910.910.94410.911.011.011.011.011.011.011.011.111.14511.111.111.111.111.111.211.211.211.211.24611.211.211.211.311.311.311.

12、311.311.311.34711.411.411.411.411.411.411.411.511.511.54811.511.511.511.511.511.611.611.611.611.64911.611.611.611.711.711.711.711.711.711.75011.70.050.060.070.080.090.100.110.120.130.140.150.16000000000000030.50.70.91.11.41.72.02.32.73.03.33.661.52.02.53.23.94.55.25.86.57.38.18.8涨71.92.63.34.14.85.6

13、6.47.28.08.99.710.582.43.34.15.05.96.87.78.69.510.511.412.4水93.04.05.06.06.98.09.010.111.112.213.314.4103.74.85.97.18.29.410.511.813.014.215.416.7部114.55.87.18.49.611.012.413.715.116.618.019.5125.57.08.510.011.513.114.716.317.919.621.222.9分136.98.810.612.314.116.017.819.621.423.225.026.91411.113.616

14、.118.520.923.425.828.230.432.534.536.41520.624.528.432.235.939.543.146.449.752.855.959.015.538.544.049.655.160.465.269.372.875.577.980.382.5洪峰16100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.016.559.663.467.370.974.677.279.881.883.584.886.187.41737.042.347.452.257.160.964.367.269.771.873

15、.975.6退1819.022.826.530.233.937.541.144.648.051.254.357.01910.614.117.520.924.327.731.034.137.139.742.344.7水206.89.812.915.818.821.824.727.430.132.534.837.2215.07.610.212.815.418.020.522.825.127.229.331.4部223.96.28.510.712.915.217.519.621.723.725.727.7233.15.17.29.111.113.015.117.119.121.022.824.6分2

16、42.54.25.97.69.411.112.914.716.418.219.921.6252.03.55.06.58.09.511.112.814.516.017.419.0261.73.04.25.46.78.19.611.012.413.815.216.6附表524小时暴雨洪水概化过程线系数表20300.81.21.62.02.42.93.44.25.16.27.38.4350.40.50.60.70.81.01.21.62.12.73.44.1400.20.20.30.40.50.60.80.91.11.31.61.9450.10.10.10.20.20.20.20.30.30.40.

17、50.75000000000000024小时暴雨洪水概化过程线系数表0.170.180.190.200.210.220.230.240.250.26.0.270.28000000000000034.04.44.85.15.55.96.26.67.07.47.78.169.410.110.711.412.112.713.414.014.715.416.116.8涨711.312.112.913.714.415.216.016.717.518.319.119.9813.314.215.116.016.817.718.719.620.421.422.323.3水915.416.517.518.619

18、.620.721.722.823.824.925.926.91017.919.220.421.622.724.025.226.427.628.930.131.3部1120.922.323.625.026.327.729.130.531.833.234.536.01224.526.127.629.130.632.233.835.336.838.439.941.4分1328.630.332.033.835.637.439.241.042.744.546.348.01438.139.941.643.345.046.748.450.151.753.555.256.91562.165.168.070.8

19、73.576.078.580.782.884.686.488.015.584.586.488.189.791.292.493.594.595.596.196.797.3洪峰16100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0退16.588.589.690.591.392.293.093.994.795.596.296.997.51777.378.980.482.083.584.886.187.388.689.891.092.2水1859.762.064.366.368.270.171.973.875.777.579.381

20、.11947.149.451.753.956.158.460.662.865.067.369.571.6部2039.541.743.946.048.150.352.554.656.658.760.863.02133.535.637.639.641.643.645.647.649.551.553.655.8附表5分2229.731.633.535.437.339.241.143.145.046.948.950.82326.428.230.031.833.535.337.138.840.542.444.346.22423.425.126.728.330.031.633.334.936.638.34

21、0.041.82520.622.223.825.326.828.329.931.433.034.636.237.72618.019.420.922.423.925.326.828.229.731.132.634.03019.510.611.712.814.015.116.317.618.820.021.122.3354.95.76.57.48.39.210.010.911.912.813.714.7402.32.83.44.04.65.25.96.67.27.98.79.4450.91.11.41.72.02.42.73.03.43.74.14.450000000000000福建省三天暴雨洪水

22、概化过程丫tQ%关系表附表6Qm0.040.050.060.070.080.090.100.110.120.130000000000050.10.20.30.40.50.60.80.91.11.2100.30.50.70.91.21.51.82.12.42.7涨120.50.81.01.31.61.92.22.63.03.5140.71.01.31.72.02.42.73.23.74.3160.91.31.72.22.63.13.54.04.55.2水181.21.72.22.83.33.94.55.15.76.4201.62.32.93.64.24.95.66.47.28.0222.12.9

23、3.74.55.36.27.08.09.09.9部242.73.84.85.97.08.09.110.211.212.3253.14.45.66.88.09.210.311.412.513.7263.65.16.57.79.010.211.512.814.015.3份274.25.87.38.810.211.713.114.616.017.4284.96.68.310.011.613.314.916.518.119.7295.87.79.511.313.215.117.018.820.622.5307.19.311.413.515.617.619.721.723.825.8319.211.91

24、4.516.919.321.724.126.428.730.93213.016.219.422.625.829.032.135.338.541.63323.027.932.937.742.547.151.756.060.364.533.542.548.253.959.364.569.073.076.479.582.1洪峰34100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.034.555.661.566.971.274.977.880.382.484.586.33533.240.547.553.959.363.567.370.473.576.33

25、618.222.827.431.736.140.344.648.953.257.13711.415.519.623.627.631.435.339.142.746.1388.712.215.719.122.525.829.232.435.638.6退397.010.113.216.219.222.125.127.930.833.5406.08.711.313.916.619.221.924.627.129.6415.27.59.812.114.416.919.421.824.126.4水424.66.58.510.512.614.817.119.221.423.5434.15.77.49.21

26、1.113.015.016.918.920.9443.75.26.78.39.911.613.415.217.018.8部453.34.76.07.48.910.512.113.715.417.1463.04.25.46.78.09.410.912.413.815.4482.53.64.65.76.87.99.110.311.512.8份502.13.03.94.85.86.87.88.99.911.0551.52.02.63.34.04.75.46.16.97.8601.01.41.82.22.73.23.84.45.05.6700.40.50.70.91.11.41.61.92.22.58

27、00000000000福建省三天暴雨洪水概化过程丫tQ%关系表附表6QmQ丫0.140.150.160.170.180.190.200.210.220.23涨0000000000051.51.71.92.12.42.62.93.23.53.8103.13.54.04.44.95.56.06.57.17.7123.94.55.05.56.16.77.38.08.69.3水144.85.46.16.77.48.18.99.610.311.1165.96.67.38.18.99.810.611.412.313.1187.28.08.99.810.611.612.513.414.315.2部208.9

28、9.810.711.712.613.614.615.516.517.62210.911.913.014.115.116.217.318.419.520.62413.314.515.616.818.019.320.521.723.024.2份2514.816.117.318.519.721.122.323.725.026.32616.617.819.020.421.723.124.525.827.228.62718.820.221.623.024.425.827.228.529.931.12821.422.924.526.027.529.030.431.733.034.22924.426.127

29、.929.531.132.734.235.737.138.33027.829.831.733.635.337.038.740.241.943.43133.135.537.840.142.444.746.949.151.153.23244.847.951.154.357.560.763.866.869.772.73368.572.375.778.781.684.186.688.790.692.233.584.586.688.690.391.993.394.695.796.597.3洪峰34100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.034.5

30、87.989.390.892.093.294.395.396.497.498.4退3578.980.982.984.586.287.789.290.591.893.23660.764.167.169.772.174.576.778.981.183.03749.352.455.458.360.963.465.968.370.772.8水3841.544.246.849.552.154.757.359.962.364.63936.138.641.143.646.148.651.053.556.058.54032.134.536.939.341.744.046.348.750.953.1部4128.

31、730.933.235.437.539.741.844.046.248.24225.727.729.931.934.036.038.140.242.344.34322.924.926.828.830.832.834.836.939.141.0份4420.622.524.326.128.029.931.933.835.938.14518.820.522.224.025.827.629.331.133.135.24616.918.520.121.823.525.227.028.830.732.84814.115.617.118.620.221.823.525.126.728.45012.113.2

32、14.515.917.318.720.221.723.224.7558.79.610.411.412.413.314.315.316.417.5606.37.07.78.49.19.810.511.211.912.6702.73.03.33.63.94.24.54.95.25.6800000000000六、算例：在漳州市龙文区境内的九十九湾要修建排涝工程，控制流域面积F=100.5平方公里,主河道长度L=21.0公里，主河道平均坡降J=0.8%。，通过设计暴雨推求设计洪水（推理公式法），计算该流域二十年一遇24小时暴雨的设计洪水过程线。（一）设计暴雨的计算：（雨量单位：mm）1、设计点雨量计算

33、：因该流域无实测暴雨资料，选用流域附近的中山桥雨量站为参证站，计算设计流域的设计点雨量。经计算，中山桥雨量站H24=120.9mm,Cv=0.38,Cs/Cv=4.0。二十年一遇各历时设计暴雨量见下表：时段H24H6H3H1雨量210142116882、设计面雨量计算：根据二十年一遇的各种历时点雨量，查读流域面积为100.5平方公里时各历时的暴雨点面折算系数aF，计算相应面雨量:计算表3（小时）13624aF0.8470.8790.9170.964点雨量88116142210面雨量74.5102.0130.2202.43、计算24小时设计雨量的时程分配：计算表4时程12345678910111

34、2雨量2.22.22.22.22.92.95.15.15.15.15.15.1时程131415161718192021222324雨量13.813.874.59.39.39.65.15.14.34.34.34.34、计算二十年一遇的暴雨递减指数n：2plga-lga二i_p24_p=log74.5-log（202.4/24）/log242lg24=0.69（二）、设计净雨的计算：本次以24小时雨量计算设计洪水，所以不扣损，上面所求的设计雨量过程就作为24小时设计净雨过程。三、用推理公式计算设计洪水：由上述推求的设计暴雨过程，列表进行计算，其中雨量单位为mm，流量单位为m3/s。.工Ri202.4亠亠1、计算次净雨平均强度i=84毫米/小时，查表得fc=3.3毫米/小时T242、用fc值把Ri分割成R下.和R表.两个部份，下1表1计算表5时段时段净雨稳定卜渗率时段地下净雨时段地表净雨序数RifcR下i下R表（1）（2）(3)(4)(5)12.23.32.20.022.23.32.20.032.23.32.20.042.23.32.20.052.93.32.90.062.93.32.90.075.13.33.31.885.13.33.31.895.13.33.31.8105.13.33.31.8115.13.33.31.8125.13.3