2019级重庆中考英语宾语从句讲解、练习与答案

1、2019级重庆中考英语宾语从句讲与练宾语从句用法速记口诀：宾语从句须注意，几点事项应牢记。一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。陈述句用that; 一般疑问句是否（if, whether）替；特殊疑问句更好办，引导词还用疑问词。二是词态常变化，主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意；主句若为过去词，从句时态向前移。三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。（一） 宾语从句的种类宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。结构 ：主语+谓语+宾语（陈述句语序）【注意：1引导词.that 2语序v.+主 +谓由 if、 w

2、hether引导宾语从句3时态：A. 主句 -现在时 从句-任一时态】1. 由 that 引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesn t know (that) she is seriously ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which 和连接副词when, where, why, how 引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充

3、当某个成分。例如：Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I don t know why the train is late.3. 由 if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句。if 和 whether 在句中的意思是“是否 ”。例如：I want to know if (whether) he lives there.He asked me whether (if) I coul

4、d help him.一般情况下，if 和 whether 可以互换，但以下3 种情况只能用whether 在不定式前：Whether to go there or not hasn't been decided. 在介词前：It depends on(依靠)whether it is going to rain. 与 or not 连用： They are talking about whether to go there or not.语法点：由if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句词汇： if, whether, ask, wonder, know, 句型： asks/aske

5、d/wonders/wondered/wants to know/wanted to know if/whether 前后桌同学之间开展采访活动，然后同桌交流采访结果。如： Who did you interview? I interviewed Bill. What did you ask him? I asked him if he always obeyed the school rules.宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。 即 “主语在前，谓语在后”。 例如：t easy.I hear (that) physics isn主句时态从句时态连接前连接后一般现在时时态保持不变一般过去时一般

6、现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时客观真理和客观事实用一般现在时解析： 1、主句为现在时，从句的时态可以为任何时态。2、主句为过去时，从句的时态为过去任何一种时态3、从句为客观真理，自然现象，永恒不变的规律，只用一般现在时。I think (that) you will like this school soon.Can you tell me how I can get to the zoo?Please tell me when we ll have the meeting.(三)宾语从句的时态1. 如果 主 句的时态是一般现在

7、时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。如： I don t think (that) you are right.Please tell us where he is.Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?过去进行时，过2. 如果 主句 的时态是一般过去时，宾语从 句只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时，去将来时，过去完成时)。例如：He asked what time it was.He told me that he was preparing for the sports meeting.He asked if you ha

8、d written to Peter.He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.（四）含宾语从句的反意问句带有宾语从句的复合句，在构成反意问句时，其简短问句的主语和动词一般和主句保持一致。但当主句的谓语动词是guess, think, sup

9、pose, believe, image等时，并且主句的主语人称是第一人称，即I 或we时，其简短问句的主语要和从句中的主语保持一致，同时应注意否定的转移。He said he didn t pass the exam,?We don t think our teachers will go abroad,?If ,when 引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别If 和 when 引导宾语从句时，应紧跟在主句动词的后面，他们的意思分别是“是否”和“什么时候”。由他们引导的时态和主句的时态相呼应。If 和 when 引导状语从句时，他们的意思分别是“如果，假如”和“当 . 的时候”。由它们引导的状语从句

10、即可以放在主句的前面也可以放在主句的后面。如果主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，从句的谓语动词要用一般现在时表将来。（）1.I want to know if there a sports meeting next month. If theyit, I mustget ready for it.A. is; will hold B. will be; hold C. will be; will hold D. will have; hold（） 2.He doesn t tell me when he . I ll telephone you when he .A . will come; com

11、es B. will come; will come C. comes; will come D. comes; comes含有宾语从句的复合句有时可以转化为简单句，大多转化都是将宾语从句转化为不定式结构。1、 Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon.Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.2、 We decided that we would help him. We decided to help him.3、 、 Could you tell me how I can get to the station？ Could

12、 you tell me how to get to the station？4、 I hope that I can make friends with you.=I hopewith you.5、 He didn t know where he could find his goldring.= He didn t know his gold ring.注意：不省略引导词that当 that 作 learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold 等动词的宾语时；当宾语从句较长时；当主语状语置于主句尾，宾语从句之前时；

13、当主语谓语动词（包括非谓语动词）与宾语从句之间有插入语时；当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时，此时第一个that 可以省略，第二个that不可以省略；当宾语从句中的主语是this,that 或 this,that 做主语的定语时；当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时；当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时；当主语中的谓语动词是固定词组时；当宾语从句有it 做其先行词时；在直接引语中，转述分句把宾语从句隔开时.当 that 在从句中充当主语时典型例题【中考链接】1. Your T-shirt is so cool. Could you tell me ?A. where you buy itB

14、. where do you buy itC. where you bought itD. where did you buy it2. Excuse me .Could you tell meI can get to the Space Museum?-Of course. You can take bus No.1.A. whereB. howC. ifD. why3. Do you know the new mobile phone last week?-Maybe 900 yuan. I m not quite sure.A. how much she paid forB. how m

15、uch will she pay for C. how much did she pay for4. Michael Jorda n has failed over and over again in his life.And that s he succeeds .A. whatB. whenC. why D. where5. Alice in Wonderland is a fantastic movie. It s about . s reig（恐怖统治） n of terror s reign of terror s reign of terror s reign of terrorA

16、. how did Alice end the Red QueenB. what did Alice end the Red QueenC. how Alice ended the Red QueenD. what Alice ended the Red Queen6. Do you know the girl in red is? I m not sure. Maybe a teacher.D. whatD. whatA. whenB. howC. where7. What did your parents think about your decision?-They always let

17、 me do I think I should.A. whenB. thatC. how8. I want to know A. when we should arrive at the airportB. when should we arrive at the airportC. when the airport we should arrive atD. when the airport should we arrive at9. -Would you please tell me ?-At 10:00 this evening.C. when does the train leaveC

18、. when I can meet CathyD. howA. when will the train leave B. when the train will leave10. Could you tell me?-Fill in this form and I will give you a card.A. how I can meet Cathy B. where I can meet Cathy11. Do you know the man with sunglasses is?-I m not sure. Maybe a reporter.A. whoB. whatC. where1

19、2. -Tommy, do you know if Frank to the zoo this Sunday if it ?-Sorry, I have no idea.A. will go; is fine B. goes; is fine C. will go; is going to be fine D. goes; will be fine 13. No one can be surein a million years.A. what man looks likeB. what will man look likeC. what man looked likeD. what man

20、will look like14. Sue told me that she shopping with her sister the next day.A. will go B. would goC. goes D. has gone15. The new-designed car is on show now. I wonder .A. how much it cost B. how much did it cost C. how much it costs D. how much does it cost16. -When do you think ?-About half past f

21、ive. I will pick him up at the airport.A. he will come B. will he comeC. did he comeD. he came17. Our teacher told us the sun in the east.A. riseB. roseC. risingD. rises18. -Listen! It is still noisy in the head teacher s office.-Go and see they have finished correcting the papers yet.A. thoughB. wh

22、etherC. unlessD. while19. -What time will Mr. Brown be back to China?-Sorry. I don t know .A. when did he go abroadB. why he is going abroadC. how soon will he be backD. how long he will stay abroad习题练习一、 1. Do you know during the coming summer holiday?A. what will Tom doB. what did Tom do C. what T

23、om will do D. what Tom did2. I want to know.A. what is his nameB. what s his nameC. that his name is D. what his name is3. Do you know I could pass the exam?A. that B. whether C. what D. which4. Jim doesn t untadnedrs.A. which is the way to the museumB. why his wife always goes shoppingC. what is th

24、e way to the museumD. why does she always go shopping5. -Could you tell me she is looking for?A. that B. whoseC. who D. which二 . 根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子1. 请你告诉我去钟楼怎麽走吗？Could you tell me I can get to the Bell Tower?2. 父亲说他买了一台新电脑。Father said that he a new computer.3. 我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车。I want to know there

25、 is a train to Beijing.4. 你知道一个双人间多少钱吗？Do you know a double room ?5. 叔叔说他正在写一本新小说。Uncle said that he a new novel.6. 杰克说他有重要事情要做。Jack said he something important to do.三、选择填空。( ) 1. What did Mike say? He said .A. if you are free the next week B. what colour was itC. the weather is fine D. summer come

26、s after spring( ) 2. Tom asked my friend .A. where was he from B. that the earth is bigger than the moonC. when did he come back D. not to be so angry( ) 3. Let me tell you .A. how much is the car B. how much does the car costC. how much did I pay for the car D. how much I spent on the car( ) 4. Pet

27、er knew .A. whether he has finished reading the bookB. why the boy had so many questionsC. there were 12 months in a yearD. when they will leave for Paris( )5. Could you tell me ?A. where do you liveC. who were you waiting forB. who you are waiting forD. where you live in1 These flowers are from Gua

28、ngdong. He said.He said these flowers from Guangdong.2 Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.My teacher told me light faster than sound.3 There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn t know.Jack didn t know there a meeting in five days.4 Can they speak French? I want to know.I want

29、to know French.5 Are the children playing games? Tell me.Tell me the children games.6 Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang.Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang homework yet.7 How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows?Who knows in the picture?8 Where did she park her car? Do you

30、know?Do you know her car?9 What does he often talk about? The girl wondered.The girl wondered often about.10 Who knocked at the door so loudly? I don t know.I don t know at the door so loudly.2006-2018 重庆中考宾语从句专题训练（ 2018 重庆中考A 卷） 15. Excuse me! Do you know ? It s two kilometers away from here.A. whe

31、re is the supermarketB. when does the supermarket openC. where the supermarket isD. when the supermarket opens（ 2017 重庆中考B 卷） 38. - I can t see on the blackboard. May I borrow your notebook?- Sure. Here you are.A. what our teacher wroteB. what did our teacher writeC. why our teacher wroteD. how did

32、our teacher w rite（ 2016 重庆中考）39. -Do you know ?-Let me see. I remember it was on March 18th.A. why did they move hereB. why they moved hereC. when did they move hereD. when they moved here（ 2015 重庆中考）39. I d like to know . Maybe in the forest.A. whether we will go campingB. where we will go camping

33、C. whether will we go campingD. where will we go camping（ 2014 重庆中考）36. - Could you please tell me ?- Two months ago.A. when did you take this photoB. when you took this photoC. where did you take this photoD. where you took this photo（ 2013 重庆中考）36. Did the radio say ? Yes, from Hunan.A. how the ba

34、d rice cameB. where the bad rice came fromC. how did the bad rice comeD. where did the bad rice come from（ 2012 重庆中考）36. -Could you tell me?-By searching the Internet.A. how you got the informationB. why you got the informationC. how did you get the informationD. why did you get the information（ 2011 重庆中考）36. The woman asked the policeman where .A. the p