2019学年贵州都匀一中高二下学期开学考英语试卷【含答案及解析】

1、2019学年贵州都匀一中高二下学期开学考英语试卷【含答案及解析】姓名_班级_分数_题号-二二三四五六七八总分得分、阅读理解1.I was living a life in my screen and hardly noticed what was around me. So when my friendsinvited me to go camping for a long weekend without the cell service, I thought this was exactly whatI needed. Here s how keeping awayfrom my phone

2、 for 48 hours cha nged me.I realized my bedtime routi ne was usually cen tered on one thing: my phone. Right before I went tosleep, I browsed through n ews websites and checked my emails. Whe n I woke up in the middle ofthe ni ght, I did the same thi ng. The problem with this was I felt an xious eve

3、ry ni ght. I felt freewithout my phone at that weeke nd camp. I felt asleep liste ning to the sound of crickets.Whe n I had my phone, I was always check ing the time and thinking of future plans. My thoughtwas:“Who s going totext me now? What will I do next?” Without my pho ne,Itruly savored what I

4、was doing in the mome nt, sitt ing by the river, ridi ng a bike, or singing the oldson gs. There was no n eed torush throughany of it. Iliste ned towhatmy body wan ted in steadof what my phone wastelli ngme to do.Youknow thatmoment whenyou re hangingoutwith agroup of peopleand no one has any thi ng

5、to say? Thetypical respon se: Every one immediately pulls out their phon es. So what did we do without a phoneto avoid embarrass ing sile nces? We actually talked to each other. In stead of bury ing our faces inour scree ns, we looked one ano ther in the eye, had a mome nt of pure huma n connection

6、and thencontinued talking. And you know what? People actually listened. So, now what? Now I m back tothe real world.1. When the author s frien ds invited him to go camping,he.A. didn t really want to goB. wanted to take his cellphoneC. didn t think life would be any differentD. considered it a good

7、chance to escape cellphone2. What change did the author experience according to Paragraph 2?A. He broke his bedtime routine.B. He no longer cared about news.C. He fell in love with sounds of nature.D. He began to pay attention to his future plans.3. The underlined w ord “ savored ” in Paragraph 3 ca

8、n be replaced bya”A. ignored B. recorded C. enjoyed D. remembered4. At that weekend camp, the campers_ .A. often felt very lonelyB. found some other fun activitiesC. got into good conversation with each otherD. often needed to deal with embarrassing silences2. If you live in the U.S., you re probabl

9、y used to throwing banana peel into the trash. But peoplein other countries, including India, have been taking advantages of their nutritional benefits for manyyears.While the flesh of a banana is soft and sweet, the skin is thick, hard and slightly bitter. To eat thepeel, you can fry, bake, or boil

10、 it for at least 10 minutes. Also, the riper bananas get, the thinner andsweeter banana peel will become. That s because of a natural plant hormone（ 激素 ） calledethylene（ 乙烯） that fruits release as they ripen. Ethylene interacts with the sugars and fiber in thebanana skin, changing complex sugars int

11、o simple sugars and breaking down pectin, a form of fiberin bananas that keeps them stiff. That s why the older yourbanana is, the flimsier（不结实的 ） it feels.The sweet flesh of a medium-sized banana contains great percentages of your daily recommendedintake of various nutrients, such as:12% of your da

12、ily fiber, which helps with digesti on and may help lower your risk of diabetes（ 糖尿病 ）17%of your vitamin C, which is important for your immune system as well asyour growth20% of your vitamin B6, which aids thebody s ability to turn food intoenergy12% of your potassium, which helps with the developme

13、nt of cells, tissues, and organsthroughout the bodyIf you eat the skin along with the flesh, you will get an even bigger increase in these same nutrients.Eating the peel is not only good for your body but also better for the earth.The average American ate 11.4 pounds of bananas in 2014. Since a medi

14、um-sized banana weighsabout 0.3 pounds, that equates to about 38 bananas per person, or about 12 billion for the whole ofthe U.S. And since most of us throw away the peel, that also means a lot of organic waste.1. We can learn from the text that in the U.S. people _ .A. like eating bananasB. waste a

15、 lot of food every yearC. don t make good use of banana peelD. know little about the value of the flesh of bananas2. What s the role of ethylene in bananas?A. Helping bananas grow faster.B. Making banana peel stay strong.C. Keeping banana flesh from going bad.D. Helping to soften and sweeten banana

16、peel.3. Which of the following helps humans digest?A. Vitamin C. B. Potassium. C. Vitamin B6. D. Fiber.4. The last paragraph mainly shows that eating banana peel benefits ourA. diet B. economy C. environment D. physical health3. Imagine being a crew member, hundreds of years ago, sailing in southern

17、 waters. Your captainis searching for food while exploring unfamiliar waters.Your job is to watch the s ea off the ship s side for ice. The wind is cold on your face. Alongside theship, a fish darts past. Another slows to a stop and raises its head above the water to look at you.How could a fish do

18、that?Did the sailors see fish with feathers or swimming birds?Today, we know that the sailors saw birds that developed the ability to swim. Their wings becameflippers, and they could “fly ” through the water with amazing speed.There are many types of penguins. Only two kinds raise their young on the

19、 continent of Antarctic.Adelie penguins grow up to 29 inches tall and have a white ring around each eye. Emperor penguinshave yellow orange color near their necks. Standing about 35 inches tall, they are the tallestpenguins living today.Emperor penguins have nests on top of their feet. Father Empero

20、r penguins keep the egg on top oftheir feet for more than two months, until the egg is ready to hatch. The mother penguin goes out forfood during that time. Imagine holding an egg on your feet for two months until someone returns withfood!Male and female penguins are both good parents. Once the chic

21、ks hatch, both parents travel longdistances to find food for them in the sea. It may be days before the parents return and the chickseat again. When they return with food, the fun really begins. Chicks chase their parents, begging forfood. Penguin chicks eat huge amounts at one time.Eventually, the

22、adult penguins stop feeding the chicks. This is nature s wayof forcing children to grow up. When the penguin chicks are hungry enough, they find their way tothe sea. Without any swimming lessons, they make their way into the icy waters and swim as onlypenguins do.1. What does the author mainly want

23、to tell us in Paragraph 1?A. It is dangerous to sail in unfamiliar waters.B. The ice covers southern waters as far as we can see.C. Penguins seemed unusual when the sailors first saw them.D. It is difficult to find food if sailing in southern waters.2.We now know that penguins seen by the sailors hu

24、ndreds of years ago were .A. fish with the ability to flyB. birds that had learned to swimC. birds that could fly into the seaD. fish with black and white feathers3. Why does the author say“ the fun really begins” when the parents returnwith food?A. The chicks play games with each other while eating

25、.B.The chicks run after the parents while trying to get food.C.The chicks have to find their way to the sea to get more food.D. The chicks have to search for the food the parents have hidden.4.Emperor penguin chicks will be forced to grow up when they.A. must learn how to feed othersB. have to find

26、a new place to liveC. have to find food by themselvesD. need to adjust to the changeable weather二、七选五4.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。Testing the five-second ruleYou may have seen a friend drop food on the floor, pickit up, and eat it, while declaring,“ Five - second rule!It s said that f

27、ood dropped on the floor for five seconds or less is still likely to be clean. 1. .Students at Britain s Aston Un iversity, led by microbiologyprofessor Anthony Hilton, tested the rule and found it to have some scientific basis. The studys results show thatfood dropped for five seconds is less likel

28、y to contain bacteria than if it sits there for longer,according toHilton.The students also found that the type of flooring where the dropped food lands has an effect. 2.Bacteria are most likely to transfer from tiled（ 铺瓷砖的 ）surfaces to moist food when the food hasstood there for more than five seco

29、nds.3.Therefore, consumers should still be cautious.“ However, the findingsof this study will bring some light relief to those who have been employing the five-second rule foryears, despite a general consensus that it is purely a myth, ” professor Hilton said in a statement.The research team at Asto

30、n also surveyed 500 people to find out who employs the five-second rule.Of the people surveyed, 87% said they would eat food dropped on the floor, or have done so in thepast. 4. “ Our study showed people are also more likely to follow the five-second rule, which ourresearch has shown to be much more

31、 than an old wives tale, ” Hilton says.Still, scientists say you should be careful about eating food dropped on the floor, especially if youhave doubts about the cleanliness of the surface. 5.A. But is that true?B. Carpeted surfaces posed the lowest risk.C. Of those people, the majority were women.D

32、. We ve just lost our last excuse to eat food off the floor.E. Usually people recover from the infection in five to ten days.F.There is still a risk of infection if certain bacteria are present on the dropped surface.G.A biologist points out that one in six Americans get sick from food poisoning eve

33、ry year.三、完形填空5.完形填空，阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Once upon a time in a land far f ar away, there was aold man who loved everything. Animals,spiders, in sects One day _ walking through the woods the nice oldman found a cocoon（茧） of a butterfly. He _ ithome. A few days later, a sma

34、ll _ appeared； he satand watched the butterfly for several hours _ itstruggled to force its body through that little hole. Then it seemed tomaking any progress. Itappeared as ifit had gotten as far as it could and it could go farther.Then the old man decided to help the _ ,so he took a pair of sciss

35、ors and _ the remainingbit of the cocoon.The butterfly then came out _ _._ it had a swollen body and small, shriveled（皱缩的 ） wings. The old man_ to watch the butterfly because he expected that, at any moment,the wings would _ to be able to support the body, which wouldcontract in time. Neither happen

36、ed ! _ , the butterfly spent therest of its life crawling（爬行） around with a swollen body and shriveled wings.It never was able to _ .tiresome2.A. unless_ B.if_ C. while_D. becauseB.movedC.circulatedC. shade_ D. opening5. A. anduntil_ C. as_D.then6. A. stop_ B. prevent_C. appeal_ D. adapt7. A. any_ B

37、.more_ C. no_D. much8. A. cocoon_ B. butterfly_ C.animal_ D. insect9. A. take down_ B. take apart_ C. cutdown_ D. cut open10. A. greedily_ B. easily_ C.hardly_ D. quickly11. A. Generally_ B. Even_ C.So_ D. But12. A. sought_ B.lasted_ C. continued_ D. began13. A. enlarge_ B. shorten_ C.tighten_D. dar

38、kenWhat the man in his kindness and was thatthe restricting _ _for the nature s way of forcingfluid( butterflybutterfly to _haste did not understand and thestruggle required tiny opening were液体 ) from the body of the wouldbe ready for _ _ from the cocoon.theinto its wings so that itflight once it ac

39、hieved its Sometimesare exactly what we need in our life. Ifwe wereallowed to go through our life without any challenges, it would weaken us. Wewould not be as _ as what we could have been. And we could neverfly.1. A. cold kind_ B.C. polite_D.3. A. tookD. dashed4. A. sign_B. shadow_B.14. A.In conclu

40、sion_B. In time_C. Infact_ D. In particular15. A.walk_ B.fly_ C.flee_ D. run16. A.wing_ B.tale_ C. subject_ _ D. cocoon17. A.get out_ B. get through_ C.get away_ D.get down18. A.freedom_ B. outcome_ _ C.balanceD. reliability19. A.struggles_B. passions_ C.manners_D. spirits20. A. weakB. intelligentC.

41、 giftedD. strong四、语法填空6.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于 3 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形 式。Reporter ： You also voiced Batman in the upcoming The LEGO Movie. Was that a childhooddream realized ?Will ： Yes. Batman is such a typical character. So the opportunity to do that was just a dreamcome 1. _.Reporter ： You have two youn

42、g sons. How are you at LEGO building?Will ：I m pretty good 2. _ I have a lot ofpractice.Reporter ： You also 3. _ (film) a role in the upcomingTeenage Mutant Ninja Turtles movie. How was 4. _experience of filming an action movie in New York?Will ： That was great. Of course, that story has always been

43、 set in New York. So to be there inmy adopted hometown and shoot that film with this typical comic story and characters was reallyexcellent. Working with the guys 5. are going to be the turtles was really fun.Reporter ： What do you enjoy most about 6. _ (be) a partof movies for kids and families ?Wi

44、ll ： Having two boys of my own, I watch a lot of kids TV shows and films. I have a new found7. _（appreciate） for family films that I feel 8. _ （comfort）letting my kids watch. I really appreciate 9. _ whenpeople make great shows and films for kids that have a good message and keep kids engaged.When I

45、 was a kid, there wasn t much out there for kids, 10.there wereall these great stories. When I was seven, Star Wars came out, and that had a lasting impact onme.五、完成句子7.单句填词1. John Snow （ 怀疑 ）_ that the second theory was correct but heneeded evidence.2. It seemed that the water was to（责备） _ .3. For

46、（ 便利 ）_ the city London is divided roughly into threezones.4. St Paul s Cathedr al looked （ 壮丽的 ）_ when first built.5. The capsule began swinging gently （ 侧着 ）_ as we lay relaxed anddreaming.6. You have to listen carefully. （同时 ）_ you have to prepare thenext question.7. He tried to stop us （ 发表 ）_ i

47、t but later we were proved right.8. “ Did he really do that ?” asked someone from the International News （部门）_.9. The three layers of skin act as a barrier against diseases, poisons andthe sun s （ 射线 ）_.10. Examples include （严重的 ）_ sunburn and burns caused by hotliquids.六、其他题8.词组英汉互译）1.反复，多次 _2.在.前面

48、_3.依靠，依赖 _4.看不见 _5.代替，取代 _6.对严格的_7. put one s hands on _8. electric shock _9. be lacking in _10. make sense of _11. apart from _12. to one s credit _七、短文改错9.短文改错 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增删或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A），并在其下面写出该加的词；删除：把多余的词用斜线（ ）划掉； 修改：在错的词下面画一条横

49、线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意： 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从 11 处起）不计分。As we all know, travelling can be an excited experience.Let me give you some advices that you have to pay attention. You can find out more about yourdestination by surf the Internet before you set out. You needn t taketoo many cash. Si

50、nce it can be very convenient to pay in cash, using cheques is much morereliable. In additional, it will be wise of you to take an umbrella in case of it should rain. And if youare to travel abroad, you dbetter understand the culture and diversity. Keep this in mind that being polite in foreign coun

51、triescan help you had a wonderful trip.八、书面表达10.书面表达冬春交替，气温多变，很多人染上流感。为此，你班举行了“预防疾病以及防止病毒传 播”为主题的班会。请根据下表内容，谈谈预防疾病以及防止病毒传播的简单方法，并阐 述理由。 p11. ly: 宋体 ; font-size:10.5pt 方法 1. 勤洗手 2. 少外出 理由 有效预防各种 疾病；病毒颗粒存在于桌面、电话和其他物体的表面并通过手传播。 尽量少用公共交通 工具，尽量少接触流感患者，有症状者（高烧咳嗽肌肉酸痛等）及时就医。 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 可根据内容要点适当增加

52、细节，使行文连贯；3.参考词汇：颗粒病毒： virus particlesHello ， everybody ！ It s true that many people are infectedwith flu virus when the weather changes frequently.Thank you.参考答案及解析第 1 题【答案】4,第 2 题【答案】作者整天沉迷于手札次不带手机的野营给了他别样的感受，既享受了生活又重得了与人L】D细节推理题。根据第一段弘 wtieii ny friends iiivited. me to go cajinjinivithout the cell

53、 seivice, I thoaijlit this iras exactly what I needed.可知当朋左邈請去醪力口一 个不带手机的野营时ffc认为这是摆脱手机的一个机会。故选 D2.龙田节推理题。根据第二段申 problem wi tli this was I -felt anxious every iightHI felt free without myphone at that welsetid ca巴 I felt asleep listening to the sound of crickets.可知拒者野营时改变了生物钟摆脱了手机，睡眠徊好故选乩l.r2.A3.C4.

54、C【解【解析】析】01 a long veekend.第詐享擁対 享受每一刻比如静坐河边，骑自行车l.C2.1）3.Dq.c【解析】【解析】趣分析：吃香蕉皮不仅釧本有好处，还有益于环境。我们不要再按車酥皮了，要充分利用 T1.细节推理题。根掳第二 Hlf you. live in the U. S. . you* re piobatily used to throvine banana peel into thetiah. 和幕后一段对美圉浪蒔香 58良的齐绍可枫 美国人常把香產皮扔掉没有充分 制用故选 mz.细节理解题口 根摇第二段 Also, the Tiper hfinanQS get,

55、 the thinner and sveeterbanana peal will becOMC- Thatfs becauseof anaturalplant hoH.onuG 劭素） called巳 thyl 巳 n巳 （乙晞） that fmits huIu 包 HeQ寻 theyrlpnEthyleneinterneitli the 呂 u 号血 d bex thw banana shnrj, ckaxginE c Jirples su?3xs :Lnto simple sugars and brealsing down pectin of ? & t hy 1 ene oj 作用整使香

56、备皮娈软娈甜，诫选3.细节理解题 r 根据 1鏑 of your dail your risk of diabetesll 尿病）可知ththV VrlDrlD注e e_ _ J Jh h化肾h hi i助w w帮工厶冃b be e素1616 f fdizestion and may help loiver4.推理判断题 q 根据最昴垦 gatingfox theearth,香焦皮不仅艮（jui body but also betterO第 3 题【答案】第 4 题【答案】l.C2.E4.C【解析【解析 试题分折：文童描述了企鹅的岌展演变、外貌、生活习性、哺育后代等内容，让我们更多地了解了企鹅

57、魄 S豊勰题。根据作者对当时场景的 t鎚 可知当第一次嗣企鵜吋感觉不同寻常，认为是会游泳2. E推理判断题。weknourthat th 亡 sailors saw birdstha_t developedtheability toswiut. TheirvinEEbecrnief lippeis, and they could _ throngli lhe ivater with gjiaEiiiE 彗心.和井企鹅的描述可如几舀年前见到的企鹅是学会了游沬的鸟，故选瓦3. F推理判断題。根据下面的描述 Cliiclis chase theiT parents, begging; foi foo

58、d- Penguin chickseat huse amounts at one可知父母觅育回来后，小企鹅追着父母婪吃的特别有意恿故选 B.4 This is natuure?s way forcing cliilir en to算工crw up. Vhen the penguin clilcks are bun雾工y:锂疆務毀理备皆to迤碍可知等小企鹅就点父母就不諒他，强迫他自己去頭【解析】【解析】试题分析:文童对倉物掉在地上不辍过 5秒仍然是干净的右利原 M曲行了测试和论皿L疇轟誌瘫堆盥口瞬瓚贋举帘f鶴掉在地上的食物罡否干净和地面有关。顾材地琰地面备蛊爵甘翩JI朦口瑋礬霜春譚可鷄我们仍然要

59、小心顷；如果掉落的地扳上有某种織轉翳湎翩1T映 鋪黜您l.A2.E?.F韶讲熬严指食物掉在地上不超过附仍然杲干挣的。7潮聯8M黯針蘿人会吃或以前吃过掉在地上的食物9.C第 5 题【答案】l.B2. C3. A4. D5. C6. A7. C8. B9. D10. B11. D12. C13. A14. C15. B16. D17. B18. A19. A20. D【解析】【解析】霭勰翩齢翱辭雅& 册擁豔gm粪蠶 胳噩覇哉譲驚旣鏗盘幕翳盍卞劭想邀畫代陰誇翹蕊 務賺鬆谧癱蠹r时D卜因为。句意天啬需勰;B，移动；C，circulated流通循环；D d址hed猛冲。此处指老人第 6 题【答案】1-t

60、rue 2 because3. filmed4. -the5. who/that6. being7 appreciation8 comfortable9. it10. but【解析】试题分析:记者采 ftvill 有关拍摄电影的详情及忙 11对儿童电影和家应电影的一些看法。1. true.考查固走短语。此处 come true 是固走短语实现和 dreana连用，指实现梦想，故填 true.2. because.考查连词。句意？我表演地好是因为练习的參 此处表示因果，故填 because.3iWd考查动词。此处指你拍摄了电影忍者神龟，山是动词“摄制电彩”用过去时，故埴 fiKed.4. the