小学英语情态动词知识点及练习

1、【知识要点】：情态动词(Modalverbs)本身有一定的词义，表示语气的单词。但是不能独立作谓语，只能和动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词用在行为动词前，表示说话人对这一动作或状态的看法或主观设想。情态动词虽然数量不多，但用途广泛，主要有下歹U:can(could),may(might),must,need,oughtto,dare(dared),shall(should),will(would)mustnot.情态动词无人称和数的变化，情态动词后面跟的动词须用原形，否定式构成是在情态动词后面加"not"。疑问形式是将情态动词提至主语前。个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式，

2、过去式用来表达更加客气，委婉的语气，时态性不强，可用于过去，现在或将来。情态动词属非及物动词，故没有被动语态。原形过去式同文词组cancouldbeabletomaymightmustmust(hadto)has/havetohavetohadtomusthadbetterhadbetter可以是实意动词和情态动词f主要用于否定、疑问词句中，在肯定句中是实意动词needneededdaredaredshallshouldoughttow川wouldoughttooughttoshould【典型例题】：【专题一】：can和could的用法【例1】Canyouliftthisheavybox?（体

3、力）【解析】表示能力（体力、知识、技能）【练习】1. MaryspeakthreeIanguages.（知识）2. youskate?（技能）此时可用beableto代替。Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式；而beableto则有更多的时态。I'llnotbeabletocomethisafternoon.当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用beableto,不能用Can。【例2】CanIgonow?Yes,youcan./No,youcan't.【解析】表示请求和允许。此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could,might代替,不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句

4、和答语中。【练习】-Icometoseeyoutomorrow?-Yes,you.-No,you/I'mafraidnot.【例3】Canthisbetrue?【解析】表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度）,用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。【练习】Thisbedonebyhim.Howthisbetrue?【专题二】may和might的用法：【例1】-Might/MayIsmokeinthisroom?-No,youmustn't.【解析】表示请求和允许。might比may语气更委婉，而不是过去式。否定回答时可用can'或mustn',t表示“不可以，禁止”。用Ma

5、yI.?征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用CanI.?在口语中更常见。【练习】-Itakethisbookoutoftheroom?Yes,youNo,you【例2Mayyousucceed!【解析】用于祈使句，表示祝愿【例3】Hemay/mightbeverybusynow.【解析】表示推测、可能性（不用于疑问句）。might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。【练习】1. Yourmothernotknowthetruth.2. Heverybusynow.他现在可能很忙。【专题三】must和haveto的用法：【例1】Themanbeourteacher。那个人一定是我们的老师。【例

6、2】Istudyhardbecauseofmydream.为了我的梦想我必须努力学习。【例3】I.Youcomeintime.你必须准时过来【解析】：must表示必须、必要。表示主观对事物的推测时，意为想必、一定，只用于肯定句中；表推测时，情态动词与动词原形（常为be动词）连用。而haveto强调客观需要。【练习】：1. Herplayisboring,lgonow.2. Yourmotherbewaitingforyounow.3.I gohome,becausemyfatherisill.【例4】-Mustwehandinourexercisebookstoday?-Yes,you-No,

7、you【解析】：在回答由must引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustn',t而用needn't,don'thaveto.m是说话人的主观看法，而haveto则强调客观需要。【练习】：Musthegotoschoolnow?-Yes,h-No,he.【专题四】should及其否定式用法【例1】：Ishouldhelpherbecausesheisintrouble.【解析】：should表示应该、劝告、建议和命令。【练习】：1. Yougotoclassrightaway.2. Iopenthewindow?【专题四】need的用法【例1】：Youneedn'

8、;tcomesoearly.【解析】need作情态动词用时，常用于疑问句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must,haveto,oughtto,should代替【练习】-NeedIfinishtheworktoday?-Yes,you/No,you【专题五】should的用法【例1】Ishouldhelpherbecausesheisintrouble.【解析】should表示应该【练习】Youtakecareofthebaby.【例2】Youshouldgotoclassrightaway.【解析】表示劝告、建议和命令。在疑问句中常用should。【练习】Iopenthewindow？【专题六】w

9、ill和would的用法【例1】Iwilldoanythingforyou.【解析】表示询问，请求，将要。【练习】1. youpassmethebook?2.Shegotothelibrary.【例2】wouldyoutellmethewaytotheschool?【解析】表示过去的意愿或委婉提问自我检测（一）用适当的情态动词填空。1. MustIborrowthebookwithmyIDcard?No,you2. Iuseyourcar?Yes,you3. Igohomenow?No,youstayhereandwaitfortheteacher.4. Mymotherisillstayat

10、homeandlookafterher.5.1 sendanemailtomyfriend.6. Youtakemoreexercise.7. youtellmehowtogettothePark?8. Wehelpeachother.9. youliketogofishingwithme?10. weplayfootballthisafternoon?（二）按要求改写句子。1.1 canrunfast.（否定句）Ifast.2. Youmustreturnthebooknow.（一般疑问句）Ireturnthebooknow?No,yous3. Hecanplaybasketballwell

11、.（一般疑问句）Hebasketballwell?4. Theymusttakethebooksoutoftheroom.（否定句）Theythebooksoutoftheroom.5. Hewillgetupearly.（否定句）Hegetupearly.（三）选择题。1. ItoldSallyhowtogethere,butperhapsIforher.A.hadtowriteitoutB.musthavewrittenitoutC.shouldhavewrittenitouD.oughttowriteitout2. Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecarbu

12、ttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.Itacomfortablejourney.A.can'tbeB.shouldn'tbeC.mustn'thavebeenD.couldn'thavebeen3. It'snearlyseveno'clock.Jackbehereatanymoment.A.mustB.needC.shouldD.can4. Johnny,youplaywiththeknife,youhurtyourself.A.won't;can'tB.mustn't;mayC.shouldn'

13、;t;mustD.can't;shouldn't5. Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryonegetout.A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasableto6. WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.Theybereadyby12:00.A.canB.shouldC.mightD.need7. IstayedatahotelwhileinNewYork.Oh,didyou?YouwithBarbara.A.couldhavestayedB

14、.couldstayC.wouldstayD.musthavestayed8. AreyoucomingtoJeff'styp?arI'mnotsure.Igototheconcertinstead.A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might9. Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.Youhomewithoutaword.A.mustn'tleaveB.shouldn'thaveleftC.couldn'tahveleftD.needn'tleave10. IsJohncomingbytrain?Heshould,b

15、uthenot.Helikesdrivinghiscar.A.mustB.canC.needD.may11. Aleft-luggageofficeisaplacewherebagsbeleftforashorttime,especiallyatarailwaystation.A.shouldB.canC.mustD.will12. Iwonderhowhethattotheteacher.A.daretosayB.daresayingC.notdaresayD.daredsay13. Whenhewasthere,hegotothatcoffeeshopatthecornerafterwor

16、keveryday.A.wouldB.shouldC.hadbetterD.might14. Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidatesremainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.A.canB.willC.mayD.shall15. Howyousaythatyoureallyunderstandthewholestoryifyouhavecoveredonlyapartofthearticle?A.canB.mustC.needD.may16. Ihearyou'vegotatseofvaluable

17、Australiancoin.Ihavealook?Yes,certainly.A.DoB.MayC.ShallD.Should答案解析（一）、1.needn't/donh'avteto2.Cancan3.Maymust4.haveto5.will6.should7.can/could8.must/should9.Would10.can（二）1.Can'trun2.Mustneedn5. wouldn'tt3.Canplay4.can'ttake（三）1.C。“oughtto/shouldhave+过去分词”表示后悔当初该做但却没做某事。“也许我本该把详

18、细地址写给她的。”2. B“couldnthave+过去分词”表示对过去情况的推测。既然小汽车上“已有五人”，且是“设法”才把你带去的，如此拥挤，旅途当然“不可能”舒服。3. C。nearly暗示“时间不早了”，Jack“按理应当（should）随时（atanymoment）”都有可能到达这里。must语气过强；can般不用于肯定推测；need意义不通，也不用于肯定句。4. B。mustn't（不许、千万不）表示禁止。may表示可能性。句意为“你千万不要玩刀子，可能会弄伤自己的”。5. B表示过去具体某次“能够”做成某事只能用was/wereableto而不用could。6. B。should表示按理应当，大概。can一般不用于肯定推测；用might语气太不肯定，顾客可能走掉。7. A。couldhavedone表示本可以做但却没有做的事。句意为“你本来可以住在Barbara那儿的”；而musthavedone只表示有把握的肯定推测，这与前面具有疑问语气的Oh,didyou?不符。8. D。语境明显提示“我可能（might）要去听音乐会”。9. B。表示轻微的责备，句意为“我真的好担心你啊。你当