时态的讲解与练习

1、亠般现在时讲解与练习一般现在时基本用法介绍no.1一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。女口：Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。2. 表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我天天六点起床。3. 表示客观现实。如：theearthgoesaroundthesun地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。女口：Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。2行为动词：主语+行为动词+其它。女口：westudyEnglish.我们学习英语。【注】当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加”-s”或”-es”。如：

2、MarylikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。no.2一般现在时的变化1. be动词的变化。否定句：主语be+not+其它。女口：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：be+主语+其它。女口：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,rmnot.特殊疑问句：疑问词+般疑问句。女口：Whereismybike?2. 行为动词的变化。 否定句：主语+dont(doesnt)+动词原形(其它)。女口：Idontlikebread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。女口：Hedoesntoftenplay. 一般疑冋句：do(does)+主语+动词原

3、形+其它。女口：-Doyouoftenplayfootball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idont.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。女口：-Doesshegotoworkbybike?-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesnt.3. 动词s的变化规则1. 一般情况下，直接加-s,女口：cook-cooks,milk-milks2. 以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，力口-es,女口：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3. 以辅音字母y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es,女口：study-studies般现在时用法

4、专练：一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drinkgostavmakelookhavepasscarrycomewatchplantflystudybrushdoteachwash二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. Heoften(have)dinnerathome.2. DanielandTommy(be)inclassone.3. We(notwatch)TVonMonday.4. Nick(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5. they(like)theworldcup?6. Whattheyoften(do)onSaturdays?7. yourparents(read)n

5、ewspaperseveryday?8. Thegirl(teach)usEnglishonSundays.9. SheandI(take)awalktogethereveryevening.10. There(be)somewaterinthebottle.11. Mike(like)cooking.12. They(have)thesamehobby.13. Myaunt(look)afterherbabycarefully.14. Youalways(do)yourhomeworkwell.15. I(be)ill.Imstayinginbed.16. She(go)toschoolfr

6、omMondaytoFriday.17. LiuTao(do)notlikepet.18. Thechildoften(watch)TVintheevening.19. LiPinandWeiFang(have)eightlessonsthisterm.20. Whatday(be)ittoday?ItSaturday三、按照要求改写句子。1. DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改为否定句)2. Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)3. Shelikesmilk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)4. Amylikesplayingco

7、mputergames.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)5. Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改为否定句)6. HespeaksEnglishverywell.(改为否定句)7. Iliketakingphotosinthepark.(对划线部分提问)8. JohncomesfromCanada.(对划线部分提问)9. Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.（改为一般疑问句，作否定回答）10. SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.（改为否定句）一般过去式的用法一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为；过去

8、主语所具备的能力和性格。一般过去时不强调动作对现在的影响，只说明过去的事情。基本结构：主语+动词过去式+其他；否定形式：was/were+not;在行为动词前加didnt,同时还原行为动词；一般疑问句：did+主语+do+其他。IhadawordwithJuliathismorning.今天早晨，我跟朱丽亚说了几句话。Hesmokedmanycigarettesadayuntilhegaveup.他没有戒烟的那阵子，抽烟抽得可凶了。一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用，女口：yesterday,lastweek,in1993,atthattime,once,duringthewar,be

9、fore,afewdaysago,when等等。补充内容：（句子中谓语动词是用一般过去时还是用现在完成时，取决于动作是否对现在有影响）。-Haveyouhadyourlunch?你吃过午饭了吗？（你现在不饿吗？）-Yes,Ihave.是的，我已经吃过了。（已经吃饱了，不想再吃了。）-Whendidyouhaveit?你是什么时候吃的？（关心的是吃的动作发生在何时。）-Ihaditabouttenminutesago.我大约是十分钟以前吃的。）usedtodosomething表示过去常做而现在已经停止了的习惯动作。Iusedtoworkfourteenhoursaday.我过去常常天干十四个小

10、时。注意：带有确定的过去时间状语时，要用过去时。女口：yesterday（昨天）、twodaysago（两天前）、lastyear（去年）、theotherday（前几天）、onceuponatime（彳艮久以前）、justnow（刚才）、intheolddays（过去的日子里）、beforeliberation（解放前）、whenIwas8yearsold（当我八岁时）、at+个时间点。女口Didyouhaveapartytheotherday?前几天，你们开了晚会了吗？LeiFengwasagoodsoldier.雷锋是个好战士。表示过去连续发生的动作时，要用过去时。这种情况下，往往没有表

11、示过去的时间状语,而通过上下文来表示。Theboyopenedhiseyesforamoment,lookedatthecaptain,andthendied.那男孩把眼睛张开了一会儿，看看船长，然后就去世了。表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作。常与always,never等连用。Mrs.peteralwayscarriedanumbrella.彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。（只是说明她过去的动作，不表明她现在是否常带着伞。）比较Mrs.peteralwayscarriesanumbrella.彼得太太老是带着伞。（说明这是她的习惯，表明她现在仍然还习惯总带着一把伞）Mrs.peterisalw

12、ayscarryinganumbrella.彼得太太总是带着一把伞。（表示说话者对这一动作或行为厌烦）Ineverdrankwine.我以前从不喝酒。(不涉及到现在，不说明现在是否喝酒)一般过去时的练习用所给词的适当形式填空。1.TomandMary(come)tochinalastmonth.2. Mike(notgo)tobeduntil12oclocklastnight.Sohe(get)uplate.3. Mary(read)Englishyesterdaymorning.4. Tom(begin)tolearnChineselastyear.5. Mymother(notdo)hou

13、seworkyesterday.6. Thereatelephonecallforyoujustnow.(be)7. -Whenyou(come)tochina?-Lastyear.8. (be)itcoldinyourcityyesterday?9. Howmanypeople(be)thereinyourclasslastterm?10. There(be)afootballmatchonTVyesterdayevening,butI(have)notimetowatchit.11.1 (have)anexcitingpartylastweekend.12. she(practice)he

14、rguitaryesterday?no,she.13. Whattom(do)onSaturdayevening?he(watch)TVand(read)aninterestingbook.14. Theyall(go)tothemountainsyesterdaymorning.15. She(notvisit)herauntlastweekend.she(stay)athomeand(do)somecleaning.16. Whenyou(write)thissong?i(write)itlastyear.17. Myfriend,carol,(study)forthemathtestan

15、d(practice)Englishlastnight.18. Mr.Li(do)theprojectonMondaymorning?Yes,he.19. How(be)Jimsweekend?It(benot)bad.20. (be)yourmotherasalesassistantlastyear?No,she.一般将来时讲解与练习一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态句中一般有以下时间状语：tonight,inthefuture,tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year),soon,thedayaftertomorrow(后天),in+段时间(在之后)等。二、基

16、本结构：begoingto+V原；will/shall+V原.三、否定句：在be动词(am,is,are)后加not;will后加not成won丨shall后加not成shant例女口:Imgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.Imnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四、疑问句：be或will或shall提到句首例女口:Wearegoingtogoforawalkthisweekend.Areyougoingtogoforawalkthisweekend?ImgoingtoNewYorksoon.WhosgoingtoNewYorks

17、oon.Myfatherisgoingtowatchamatchwithmethisafternoon.tWhatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon?Shesgoingtogotobedatnine.Whenisshegoingtobed?五、同义句:begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow.=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.六、begoingto和will的区别begoingto和will的用法虽然都表示将来发生动作或情况，但它们的用法是有区别的。(1)begoingto主要用于：1、

18、表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、计划要做的事情。E.g.Whatareyougoingtodotoday?今天你们打算做什么?DadandIaregoingtowatchanoperathisafternoon.今天下午我禾口爸爸打算去看歌剧。2、表示根据目前某种迹象判断，某事非常有可能发生。E.g.Look!Therecomethedarkclouds.Itisgoingtorain.瞧！乌云密集，天要下雨。（2）will主要用于在以下几个方面:1表示单纯的未来将要”，通用各个人称和数。eg:Theywillgotovisitthefactorytomorrow.明天他们将去工厂参观。IIIc

19、omewithWangBing,LiuTaoandYangLing.我将和王兵、刘涛、杨玲一起来。TodayisSaturday.TomorrowwillbeSunday.今天是星期六。明天是（将）是星期日。Hewillbethirtyyearsoldthistimenextyear.明年这个时候他就（将）三十岁。2、问对方是否愿意做某事或表示客气地邀请或命令。eg:Willyoupleaseturnontheradio?请打开收音机好吗？Willyougotothezoowithme?你和我一起去动物园好吗？七、一般将来是特殊用法：1）be+不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。Wear

20、etotalkaboutthereportnextSaturday.2）beaboutto+不定式，意为马上做某事。HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.注意：beaboutto不能与tomorrow,nextweek等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。3）有些表趋向性的动词可用现在进行时表将来：例如：go,come,arrive,fly,reach,stay,leave,start,die.女口：Imgoingtogotothezoothisweteend.=Imgoingtothezoothisw缸nd.HesgoingtoleaveforParis.=Hesleavingfo

21、rParis.Theoldmanisdying.=Theoldmanwilldie.这个老人要去世。4）要注意生将从现这一语法现象：重要连词有：if（如果），assoonasL就）,when（当时候），before,after,until（直到not.until直到才）,unless（=not.if除非）Ifitrains,wewonthaveapicnicnextweek.IIItellyouthenewsassoonaoucomeback.练习：一、填空。1. 我打算明天禾廿朋友去野炊。Ihaveapicnicwithmyfriends.2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛？我想去打篮球。What

22、nextMonday?Iplaybasketball.3你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。yourmothergoshoppingthis?Yes,she.Shebuysomefruit.4. 你彳打算什么时候见面?Whattimeyoumeet?四、单项选择：1. Mothermeanicepresentonmynextbirthday.A.willgivesB.willgiveC.givesD.give2. Heherabeautifulhatonhernextbirthday.A.givesB.gaveC.willgiveD.isgoinggiving3. He_inthre

23、edays.A.comingbackB.camebackC.willcomebackD.isgoingtocomingback4. Whoswimmingwithustomorrowafternoon?A.will;goB.do;goC.will;goingD.shall;goes5. Thedayaftertomorrowtheyavolleyballmatch.A.willwatchB.watchesC.iswatchingD.towatch6. TheyanEnglisheveningnextSunday.A.arehavingB.aregoingtohaveC.willhavingD.

24、isgoingtohave7. youfreenextSunday?A.Will;areB.Will;beC.Do;beD.Are;be8. Hethereattentomorrowmorning.A.willB.isC.willbeD.be9. Iateacherinthefuture.A.will,beB.is,beC.is,beingD.will,is10. TheytotheparknextSunday.A.willgoesB.willgoC.isgoingD.willgo11. Myfamilytochurchnextweekend.A.willgoB.goesC.willgoing

25、D.isgoing12. Mymotherwillmeapenciltonight.A.givesB.givingC.give13. Heplayfootballtomorrow.A.willB.isC.be14. Mygrandpaandgrandmatoseeusintwodays.A.willcomingB.willcomeC.iscomingD.arecoming15.SheTVthisevening.A.willswatchB.willwatchingC.iswatchingD.willwatch16. Mygrandpaathomethedayaftertomorrow.A.wil

26、lstayB.willsstayC.willstaysD.isstaying17. Momwillbacksoon.A.comesB.comingC.comesD.Come二、改句子。5. Nancyisgoingtogocamping.(改否定)Nancygoingtogocamping.6.1 IIgoandjointhem改否定)Igojointhem.7. Imgoingtogetupat6:30tomorro(改一般疑问句)togetupat6:30tomorrow?8. Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.(改一般疑问句)meetatthebusstopat10:30?9. Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.(对划线部分提问)sheafterschool?10. Myfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.(同上)goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow?三、用所给词的适当形式填空。11. Todayisasunnyday.We(have)apicnicthisafternoon.12. Mybrother(go)toShan