裕兴新概念英语第三册笔记(28-52).

1、Lesson28Fivepoundstoodear一、单词讲解1、waresn.制品，器皿tablewares餐桌用品ironwares铁制品silverwares银制品glasswares玻璃制品hardwaresshop五金商品warehouse仓库goods：thingstobesoldinashopconsumergoods消费品electricalgoods电器制品merchandise商品(goodsboughtorsold,tradegoods)commodityn.用于交换而获利的商品commoditysociety商品社会agriculturalcommodities农产品h

2、ouseholdcommodities家庭用品(锅,碗,瓢,盆等)product工厂生产的或自然的产物(thingsusefulmadeinafactoryortakenfromnature)steelproductnecessities必需品lifenecessities生活必需品2、anchorn./v.usedtoholdashipst订l锚beatanchor停泊castanchor抛锚weighanchor起锚anchorman：apersonwhoreadsnewsonTVandgivesreports主持人,新闻播放员TVpresenter电视节目主持人MC：(US)Member

3、ofCongress国会议员MasterofCeremony大会司仪DJ：DiskJockey唱片骑师Backgroundnotes:Jockeyisaprofessionalhorseriderandasaverb,toJockeymeanstoleadahorseintoagoodposition.Inthe1920s,radiobegantoenterAmericanhomes,thousandsofstationsbegantoplayrecordedsongs.Intime,anamewasinventedfortheseradiomenwhotalkedandplayedmusic

4、.TheyJockeyed(influenced)thepublictasteinmusic.3、deckn.1)甲板，舱面clearthedecks准备妥当(todoalotofworkthatneedstobedonebeforeyoucandootherthings)eg.I'mgoingtoclearthedecksbeforeChristmas.我准备为了过圣诞节把一切都安排妥当。2) 层adoubledecker双层汽车Manythingsaredifferentatsea.EventhelanguageIsdifferent.Simplewordslikerightand

5、leftareNotthesame.Inaship,right'isstarboardandleft'isport'.4、temptv.toattractsbtohaveordosomething吸引，引诱temptsbintodoingsthtemptsbtodostheg.Advertisersdevisehundredsofcompetitionstotemptconsumersintobuyingtheirproductsandfreesamplestotemptnevergowrong!seducev.勾引，吸引seducesbintodoingstheg.H

6、ewasseducedintoleavingthecompanybytheofferofhigherpay.induce(通过劝说)引诱做某事(toleadsomebodytodosomethingbypersuading)eg.Whatonearthpossessedyoutobeinducedintoembezzlingsuchalargesumofmoney?你是怎么了？竟被引诱去挪用了那么一大笔数额的钱。lurev.(topersuadesomeonetodosthesp.somethingwrongbypromisingsomethingtheywant)eg.Lifeintheci

7、tyluredhimfromhome.allurev.toattractbyofferingsomethingpleasantn.allure2000魅力2000tantalizev.吊人胃口，逗你玩(Tantalus,inGreekMythology,issaidtobethesonofzeus,whenhefeltthirsty,thewaterwhichwasuptohismouthwoulddisappear;whenhefelthungry,thefruitontreesneartohismouthwoulddisappeartoo.)eg.Hewastantalizedbyhebe

8、auty,butlackedthecouragetospeaktoher.eggsbon怂恿，促使（toencouragesomeonetodosth,esp.thattheyshouldnotdo）eg.Eggedonbyhismistress,thecold-heartedmanabandonedhisfamily.5、bargainv.讨价还价bargainwithsboverpricebargainforbetterpay讨个好价钱bargainhunter、到处买便宜货的人arealbargain真划算awonderfulbargainabadbargain真不划算口语补充：eg.C

9、anyoucomedownalittlebit?eg.Wellthen,howaboutsplittingthedifference?eg.That'smyfinaloffer.eg.That'smorelikeit!eg.Takeitorleaveit!6、embarkvi.togetontoashipembarkon:tostartsomethingnewanddifficult开始做某事或某种事业eg.Inthe1950s,ChinaembarkedonamajorprogramofIndustrialization.在20世纪50年代，中国开始了实现工业化的主要任务。b

10、oard（togetonabus,plane,traininordertotravelsomewhere）eg.FlightN654forNewYorkisnowboardingatGate.乘坐N654号航班飞往纽约的乘客请登机。boardthetrain上火车mount：togetonahorseorabicyclemountahorsemountabicycleride骑，坐（在任何可以双脚悬空的东西上）rideabicyclerideamotorbikerideahorserideonfathersback（儿童）骑大马-ride受支配的，（饱）受之苦mosquito-riddensw

11、amps蚊子遍野的沼泽地crisis-ridden危机四伏eg.ItisreportedJapaneseeconomyiscrisis-ridden.drivev.（坐在有轮子的车辆里面操纵它）driveacardriveatraindriveacarteg.WedrovetoCambridge.disembarkvi.togetoffashiporaplane7、assa订v纠缠1）toworryorupsetsomebodyeg.Onmywayhome,Iwasassailedbyamanwhowantedtosellmeadiamondring.2）toattacksomeoneviol

12、ently猛烈攻击（抨击）assailsbwithstheg.Theangrycrowdassailedthepolicewithstonesandbottles.pesterv.（toannoysomeonerepeatedly,esp.byaskingthemtodosomething）（提要求而）使某人烦恼，纠缠pestersbforsth缠着向某人要eg.thebeggarskeptpesteringusformoney.pestersbtodoegThekidshavebeenpesteringtheirfathertobuythemnewjigsawpuzzle.harass骚扰，

13、打断sexualharassment性骚扰badgerv.toaskagainandagain吵着要，烦扰badgersbtodostheg.Kidsbadgeredtheirfathertogetahomecomputer.n.獾（badgen.徽章，标记）Asearlyasthe18thcentury,agamewasplayedinEnglandinwhichabadgerwasputinbucketandadogwasseducedtobiteit.8、inscribev.刻写，刻字（于石头或硬币上）（tocarefullycut,printorwritewordsonsth,esp.

14、onthesurfaceofastoneorcoin）eg.Thetombwasinscribedwithashortepitaph.墓碑上刻有简短的墓志铭。eg.Thesewarheroeshaveinscribedtheirnamesonthepagesofhistory.Impressv.留下刻痕eg.Mother'swordsareimpressedonmymind.9、favor/favour1）helpaskafavorofsb请别人帮个忙dosbafavor给别人帮个忙Allowme!请让我来吧！Owesbafavor欠了份人情2）supportorapproval支持或

15、赞同findfavorwithgainfavorwithwinfavorwitheg.G.W.Bushfoundgreatfavorinpresidencyelection.小布什在总统竞选中受到民众的普遍支持。infavorof赞成，支持，偏袒showfavortosbeg.Parentsalwaysshowfavortotheirsmallestkids.父母亲总是护着家里最小的孩子。most-favor-treatment最惠国待遇favorablea.有利的favorablewinds顺风二、课文讲解1、speedto全速驶向（开向）eg.Carsarespeedingontheexp

16、ressway汽车在高速上全速行驶。roardown呼啸驶入flashdown像闪电一样地行驶eg.Alargecar,withitsheadlightsonanditshornblaring,roareddownthearcade一辆大车亮着前灯，响着喇叭，呼啸着驶入了拱廊街。eg.Apolicecarflashedpast,sirenswailing.一辆警车响着警笛，飞驰电掣。spinaround:toturnaroundveryquickly车辆疾驰飞奔eg.Amotorcarspunaroundthecorner.一辆摩托车飞一样转过街角。eg.Theyoungmanwithconf

17、idenceembarkedonhiscareerashejustfinishedhiscollegeeducation.这个充满信心的年轻人当完成了大学学业时，开始了他的职业生涯。2、before（连）不等就；还没就eg.BeforeIcouldspeak,hehadtakenthewordsoutofmymouth.我还没来得及说话，他就说出了我的想说的话。3、rug：ofasmallsize（小）地毯carpet：ofabigsize（打）地毯tapestry：n.挂毯mat：n.席子，草垫，脚踩垫mattress：n.床垫4、IranusedtobeknowasPersia伊朗旧称为波

18、斯Iraqn.伊拉克（Anoil-producingcountryinsouthwestAsia.UnderitsleaderSaddamHussein,IraqwasatwarwithIranfrom1980to1988anditsinvasionofKuwaitin1900ledtotheGulfwar）5、eg.TheChineseareanindustrious,friendly,diligent,generousandhospitablepeople中国人时勤劳，友好，慷慨和好客的民族。（逗号用于隔开一句话中的同类词，同类短语）6、copper铜（material）bronze（铜锡

19、合金）青铜（alloyofcopperandtin）bronzemedal铜牌BronzeAge青铜器时代IceAgeStoneAgeBronzeAgeIronAgebrass（铜锌合金）黄铜（alloyofcopperandzinc）brassband铜管乐队7、hadnosoonerthan刚一就，一就nosooner置于句首需要倒装eg.Nosoonerhadheheardthenewsthanheflewintorage.他已得知这个消息，就勃然大怒。hadscarcelywhenhadhardlywheneg.Scarcelyhadsheheardthefailurewhensheg

20、aveabigmouthtoit.她刚一听说失败了，就立刻惊讶的张大了嘴。8、gotogreatlengthstodogotoanylengthstodo极力做某事eg.Theyoungmandeterminedtogotoanylengthstoprovehimselfinthenewjob.这个年轻人下定决心在新的工作中证明自己。gotogreatpainstodotakegreatpainstodo努力下工夫eg.IttakeshimgreatpainstolearnEnglish.goto/takealotoftroubletodosth费神，花心思eg.Ittookmellotoft

21、roubletoputmycomputerright.我花了好大的劲才把我的电脑修好。putalotofeffortintosthmakealotofefforttodosth做了许多努力eg.UNmakesalotofefforttokeeptheworldpeace.9、togetridofhim摆脱getridoftheunwelcomevisitor摆脱这位不速之客getridofdebts摆脱债务getridofex-boyfriend摆脱前男友的纠缠togetridofcough祛除咳嗽的病根eg.Heopenedthewindowtogetridofthesmelloftobac

22、co.他打开窗户，去去烟味。10、atthebaseof在底部onthebasisof以为基础eg.Promotiontohighranksisonthebasisofworkperformance.晋升高职是以工作表现为基础的。11、shakeyourhead摇头(tomeanno)shrugyourshoulders耸肩(表示不知道或对什么不感兴趣，无所谓)(toraiseandthenloweryourshouldersinordertoshowthatyoudon'tnknowsomethingordonotcareaboutsth)throwupone'sarms(i

23、ndespair)12、holdup5fingers伸出五个手指1) 举起，抬起holdupone'snose(showpride)holdupyourhead扬起头(在逆境中)(toshowprideorconfidenceinadifficultsituation)holdupabanner高举旗帜2) 停顿，耽搁eg.Ourcarwasheldupintheheavysnow.我们的车被困雪中。3) 支持重量，支撑eg.Twogreattowersholdupfourhugecables.两座巨塔支撑着四根粗大的钢缆。4) 抢劫eg.Apackofgangstersheldupa

24、bank.13、indicatev.2)用手势，目光等说明，表明eg.Indicatewhenthepainiswithyourfinger.3) 表明，说明eg.InAmerica,acarandahousemayindicateitsowner'ssocialrank.14、gesticulatev.打手势eg.Petergesticulatedwildlyandshouted:Stop!'gesturen.手势(esp.withyourhands)thelanguageofgestures肢体语言bodylanguagesignlanguage手势语，哑语15、actas

25、ifasif/asthough引导方式状语从句，经常用到下列动词之后。feelasiflookasifsmellasiftasteasifeg.IfeelasthoughIwerefloatingontheair.eg.Itsoundsasifawarwouldbreakout.16、reducethepriceto£10eg.Hardworkreducedhimskinandbone.辛苦的工作使他变得骨瘦如柴。eg.Thefirereducedtheforesttoashes.一场大火将整个森林化为灰烬。reducetoorder恢复秩序reducetosilence安静下来re

26、ducetotears哭了起来eg.Povertyreducedhimtobeggingonthestreets.18、thrustthepenintomyhandsthrustoneselfinto设身于中eg.Asoldierthrusthimselfintodanger.这个战士置身于危险中。thrusttheprisonerintothecelleg.Auntthrustsaboxofchocolatesintomyhand.19、nomatterhowhard不管怎么nomatterwhonomatterwhatnomatterwhichnomatterwherenomatterwh

27、ennomatterhoweg.Nomatterwhathappens,she'llalwayslovehim.三、成语1、seekthetruthfromfacts.实事求是2、Thepotcallingthekettleblack.五十步笑百步Lesson29Funnyornot?一、单词讲解1、universaladj.普遍的eg.Love,atopicofuniversalinterest.auniversaltruth放之四海皆成的真理eg.Itisauniversaltruththatyouthinkofnotingelseifyoudon'thavemoneyan

28、dthinkofotherthingsifyoudo.这是一个普遍的真理:没钱的时候你想的只有它，而一旦有了钱，你就会想其它。universalsuffrage普选权beofuniversalsignificance广泛的意义universallyadv.Itisuniversallytruethat2、distastefuladj.讨厌的，让人倒胃口的，难吃的adistastefulstoryeg.Itisdistastefultometosayso.我很不愿意这么说。adistastefultask难完成的任务adistastefulmedicine难吃的药3、recoveryn.康复eg

29、.Makeaquickrecoveryfromtheinfluenza感冒之后很快就会好了。economicrecoveryeconomicresurgence经济复苏recoveryprogramacourseoftreatmentforpeoplewhoareaddictedtodrugsoralcohol康复疗程（针对吸毒成瘾或酗酒的人）4、consolev.安慰，慰问tomakesomeonefeelbetterwhentheyarefeelingsadordisappointedconsolesbwith用来安慰某人eg.Thedoctorconsoledthelittleboywi

30、ththepromisethathewouldgobackhometocelebrateChristmasDay.consoleoneselfwith聊以自慰，以自我安慰eg.NomatterhowhardItriedtorepairmycomputer,itrefusedtowork.ButIstillconsoledmyselfwiththethoughtthateventhespecializedlabormaynotputitright.condolev.吊唁eg.Peterwrotetocondolewithhisfriendonhismother'sdeath.Peter写

31、信给他的朋友，对他母亲的过世表示慰问。solacev.（文雅的表达方式）eg.Hesolacedhimselfwithabook.他从书中得到慰藉。consolationn.awordofconsolation一句安慰的话consolatoryadj.aconsolatoryletter慰问信boobyprize安慰奖5、hobblev.:towalkwithdifficulty,especiallyasaresultofaninjurytoyourlegorfeethobblealong一瘸一拐地走limpadj./n./v.adj.（notfirmorstrong）无力的limpbodyn

32、.walkwithalimp跛行v.limptoschool一瘸一拐去上学lameadj./v.（becauseofinjury）golamebecomelame致瘸了lameduke无能的人cripplen./v.四肢残疾anoffensivewordforsomebodywhoisphysicallyunabletousetheirarmsorlegsproperlythedisabled无能力者，残废者thehandicapped残疾人thedeafanddumb聋哑人6、compensatefor补偿eg.Hisriseinstatusmorethancompensateforhisl

33、ossofmoneyeg.Onlywhenyouloseyourhealthcanyourealizethatnothingcancompensateforit.只有到失去健康的时候，你才意识到健康无以弥补。makeupforeg.Beautycannevermakeupforstupidity愚蠢是无法靠美貌来弥补的。atone（for）v.:todosthtoshowthatyouaresorryforhavingdonesthwrong弥补过失，赎罪eg.Dimitriatonedforhisbehaviortomakeahundredandoneapologies.Dimitri为自己

34、的鲁莽行为而向他深表歉意。7、mumblev.喃喃而语，嘟囔tosaysomethingtooquietlyandnotclearenoughsothatitisdifficultorimpossibletohear声音太小或听不清楚eg.Thelittleboymumbledsomethingaboutgoingtothetoilet.小男孩嘟囔着要上厕所。murmurv.:tosaysomethinginasoftlowvoicewhichisdifficulttohear（轻柔低沉的声音）喃喃eg.Theshygirlmurmuredthanks.害羞的小女孩轻轻地说了声谢谢。amurm

35、uringbrook溪水潺潺mutterv.生气或抱怨而低声说eg.Studentsmuttercontinuallyabouthavingtoomuchhomework.二、课文讲解1、bringsbup在哪里长大raiseeg.Themotherraisedtenkidsallherlife.nursev.哺育eg.Themothercatrefusedtonursethekittens.rear养rearalargefamily养活一家人foster：totakeachildintoyourfamilyforaperiodoftimebutwithoutbecominghis/herle

36、galparents（非法律意义上的）单纯的认养fosterfather干爸fostermother干妈adopt:tolegallymakeanotherperson'skidpartofyourfamily领养adoptivefather养父adoptivemother养母adoptedson养子adopteddaughter养女god-father教父god-mother教母2、whether1）虽然从属连词whether与if意义相同，但当引导主语从句时，必须用whether，而不用if。eg.Whetheritwilldousharmorgoodremainstobeseen

37、.到底它带给我们的是好是坏还是未知数。2）whether引导的从句也可作介词宾语（但if不行）eg.Italldependsonwhethertheyhavereceivedgoodeducation.3）引起不定式短语（也不能用if代替）eg.Idon'tknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse.Whetherbyaccidentordesign不知是有意还是无意whetherornot是否eg.Ican'tdecidewhetherornottoreturnhome.3、dependon依赖，依靠toneedsupport,helpofsomebodyeg.H

38、umanbehaviorismostlyaproductoflearning,whilethebehaviorofanimalslargelydependsoninstinct.人的行为主要是学习的产物，而动物则更多依赖本能。eg.Thecountrydependsheavilyonitstouristtrade.该国主要是依赖旅游业的收入。relyonsb/sth:totrustsomebodytodowhatyouneedorexpectthemtodo相信，信赖eg.Heisnotapersonyoucanrelyon.他不是个可依靠的人。itdepends/thatdepends:to

39、sayyoucannotgiveadefiniteanswer这都难说，得看情况eg.Isfailureagoodthingorabadone?Theanswerdependsonwhodoesit.4、thesenseofhumorthesenseofresponsibilitythesenseofshamethesenseofprioritythesenseofinferiority5、beboundupwith与密切相关tobecloselyconnectedwithsomethingeg.People'slivingstandardisboundupwiththeprosper

40、ityofthecountry.人民的生活水平同该国的繁荣昌盛息息相关。eg.Thefutureofanationisboundupwiththeeducationoftheyoung.一个国家的未来同年轻人所受的教育是分不开的。beboundtodo一定，免不了eg.Onourroadahead,weareboundtomeetwithdifficulties.beboundupin:bebusywitheg.Sheisboundupinhernewjob.她正忙于自己的新工作。aboundv.:toexistinlargenumbers充满，富于aboundwith/aboundineg.

41、Thegardenaboundswithsailsafteraheavyshower.一场大雨后，花园里有许多蜗牛。6、characteristicn.特性，典型nationalcharacteristic民族特性eg.AnationalcharacteristicofChineseisself-contain.中华民族的民族特性之一是独立自主。character个性特色，性格，品质amanofgoodandnoblecharacter一个有高尚品格的人humorn.体液（学者认为这种体液会影响性格）7、findithardtolaughatfailtoseeanythingamusingin

42、8、nationaldifferences民族的不同，民族差异timedifference时差temperaturedifference温差differentialn.（收入）差额scissorsdifferential剪刀差（成品国向原料国倾销成品）9、CharlieChaplinBackgroundnotes:CharlieChaplin（1889-1977），aBritishfilmactoranddirectorwhoworkedmainlyintheU.S.onhumoroussilentfilmsduringthe1920s.Heusuallyappearedasahumorous

43、characterwhohasasmallmoustache.abowlerhatandawalkingstickandwhowalkedinafunnywaywiththebacksofhisfeettogetherandhistoespointingouttothesides.HisfirstfilmwasModernTimes.Andalsotherearealotofotherfamousones,suchasCityLights,TheGreatDictator,TheGoldRush.10、stemfrom源于：tohavesomethingasanorigineg.Hisstro

44、ngsenseofinferioritystemsfromhisunfortunatechildhood.eg.Correctdecisionsstemfromcorrectjudgment.derivefromtocomefromsomethingelse由派生出来的eg.ThousandsofEnglishwordsarederivedfromLatinandFrench.11、comeintofashion流行起来comeintobeing/comeintoexistence开始存在（形成）comeintoeffect/comeintoforce开始生效comeintopower开始执政

45、，就职comeintoofficecomeintooperation开始运行comeintoflowers开花comeintoalargefortune继承一大笔财产12、judgesthforoneself自己判断judgesb/sthfrom/bysth以来评价，判断eg.Don'tjudgeapersonbyhisappearance.eg.Don'tjudgeabookbyitscover.不可以貌取人。13、fromthemoment(that)自从这一刻开始eg.Fromthemomenthecaughtsightofher,hefoundithardtoforge

46、thersmilingface.自从见到她的那刻起，他就发现很难忘记她的笑容。forthemoment眼下，暂时forthetimebeingforthepresent14、dreadv.厌恶，害怕，担心dreaddoingdreadtodostheg.AtthethoughtthatI'mgoingtohaveaninterviewtomorrow,Ibegintodread.eg.Hedreadstofly.他怕乘飞机。dreadtothink/dreadtosee不愿想/不愿看到eg.Idreadtoseehimfail.我不愿看到他失败。15、plastern.熟石膏havea

47、leginplaster脚上着石膏haveanarminplaster手上着石膏plastercast石膏模(正骨)getplastered:bedefeated惨败eg.Idreadedtothinkthatourfootballteamreallygotplasteredlastweek.我不愿提起我们足球队上星期实在输的很惨。havestitches缝合have3stitchesinhisleftleghavesbinstitches:makesblaugheg.Thesketchhasusinstitches.小品真是笑死我们了。16、spendtimedoingtopassortou

48、se度过，用了ittakessbsometimetodosthinordertodosthtoneedtime，oreffort为了某事而需要花时间精力eg.Wespent3daystravelingthere.17、chance可能性(possibility)standagoodchanceof很有可能standafairchanceof很有可能eg.Thefollowingdaywillstandagoodchanceofbeingsunny.明天可能是个好天。eg.Benicetonerds.Chanceareyou'llendworkingforone.待那些小人物好些。到头来

49、有可能你还会为他们打工。(BillGates)Haveeverychancetodosth完全可能eg.Idreadtothinkthatwehaveeverychancetolosethegame.我们不愿去想我们完全有可能失败。haveafightingchancehaveasmallbutrealchanceofsuccessifagreateffortcanbemadeeg.Weknowthattherewillbefightingchanceforustowinourbitterenemy.我们知道会和我们的老对手之间有一拼。18、intimefor:earlyorsoonenoug

50、h刚好来得及eg.Iime久而久之eg.Don'tworry,thingwillbelookinguptoyouintime!intime及时eg.Ahecourseoftime时光流逝，岁月流逝withthelapseoftime时光荏苒astimepassesbyasthetimeturnsthepage19、takeheart振作精神，恢复信心recoverconfidencecheerupliftone'sspirits精神为之一振eg.Thatgoodnewssurel

51、yliftedmyspirits.三、成语1 Meetone'sWaterloo(NapoleonwasdefeatedatthebattleofWaterlooin1815)togetone'sfailureafterbeingverysuccessfulinthepasteg.Theoldladywhousedtobeafamousactressmetherwaterlooandwasleftinthecold.2 Hewholaughsatcrookedmenshouldneedwalkverystraight.笑别人驼背就得自己挺胸走路。Lesson30Thedeath

52、ofghost一、单词讲解1、overnightn.1) onthenightbefore;forthenight在前一夜；在夜里eg.Geteverythingreadyforthejourneyovernight.前一夜做好准备eg.Stayovernightatafriend'shouse.在朋友家过夜2) duringthenight,suddenly一夜之间，突然eg.Thebuildingsprangupovernight.eg.Hebecamefamousovernight.3) adj.duringorforthenight夜间anovernightjourneyano

53、vernighttrain2、hayn.longgrassthathasbeencutanddriedasfoodforcattle1)hitthehay(slang):togotobed2)makehaywhilethesunshines趁热打铁straw:thedriedstemsofwheatforanimalstosleepon干草astrawhat草帽strawman稻草人eg.Adrowningmanwillclutchatastraw.急病乱投医drawstraws抽签eg.Let'sdrawstrawstoseewhowillgetthelastpieceofcake.

54、stack:apileofstrawcropv.吃草grazev.吃青草browsev.1)(agoatordeer)toeatplants(羊或鹿)吃草2)浏览eg.IEisafasteffectivebrowsingtool.3、cornn.谷类CornBelt玉米带cropn.庄稼，农作物thecreamofthecrop出类拔萃的人，社会精英acropofpeopleacropofproblemswaitingtobedealtwith一大堆有待处理的问题paddyn.(水)稻田ricepaddybeinapaddy:tobeinabadtemper脾气坏field:apieceoflandonafarm天地，田野afieldofsheep布满羊群的田野afieldofcorn玉米田anoilfield油田asnowfield雪地gravit