发动机专业英语词汇

1、发动机分类往复式内燃机reciprocatinginternalcombustionengine化油器式发动机carburetorengine转子发动机rotaryengine10旋轮线转子发动机二冲程发动机，四冲程发动机，增压式发动机风冷式发动机油冷式发动机，水冷式发动机rotarytrochoidalenginetwo-strokeenginefour-strokeenginesuperchargedengineair-cooledengineoil-cooledenginewater-cooledengine11121314自然进气式发动机煤气机gasengine液化石油气发动机natu

2、rallyaspiratedengineliquifiedpetroleumgasengine柴油煤气机dieselgasengine15161718多种燃料发动机石油发动机双燃料发动机热球式发动机multifuelenginehydrocarbonengine19202122232425262728多气缸发动机对置活塞发动机对置气缸式发动机十字头型发动机直列式发动机星型发动机筒状活塞发动机斯特林发动机套阀式发动机气孔扫气式发动机duelfuelenginehotbulbenginemultiplecylinderengineopposedpistonengine，opposed-cylind

3、erenginecrossheadenginein-lineengineradialenginetrunk-pistonenginestirlingengineknightengine.port-scavengedengine293031323334353637倾斜式发动机前置式发动机后置式发动机中置式发动机左侧发动机右侧发动机短冲程发动机长冲程发动机等径程发动机slantenginefront-enginerear-enginecentralengineleft-handengineright-handengine3839顶置凸轮轴发动机双顶置凸轮轴发动机oversquareengineun

4、dersquareenginesquareengineoverheadcamshaftenginedualoverheadcamshaftengine40V形发动机,41顶置气门发动机42侧置气门发动机43无气门发动机V-enginevalvein-headenginesidevalveenginevalvelessengine44多气门发动机45卧式发动机46斜置式发动机47立式发动机48 W形发动机49 I形发动机50 L形发动机51 F形发动机multi-valveenginehorizontalengineinclinedengineverticalenginew-engineI-en

5、gineL-engineF-engine52原机Engineprototype53二冲程循环54四冲程循环发动机性能two-strokecyclefour-strokecycle55狄塞尔循环dieselcycle56奥托循环ottocycle57混合循环mixedcycle58 定容循环constantvolumecycle59 工作循环workingcycle60 等压循环constantpressurecycle61理想循环idealcycle62热力循环thermodynamiccycle63冲程stroke64 活塞行程pistonstroke65 长行程longstroke66 上

6、行程upstroke67 下行程downstroke68 进气行程intakestroke69 充气行程chargingstroke70 压缩行程compressionstroke71 爆炸行程explosionstroke72 膨胀行程expansionstroke73 动力行程powerstroke74 排气行程exhauststroke75 膨胀换气行程expansion-exchangestroke76 换气压缩行程exchange-compressionstroke77 上止点topdeadcenter(upperdeadcenter)78 下止点lowerdeadcenter(bo

7、ttomdeadcenter)79 上止点前budc(beforeupperdeadcenter)80 上止点后atdc(aftertopdeadcetner)81 下止点前bbdc(beforebottomdeadcenter)82 下止,岚后abdc(afterbottomdeadcenter)83 排气量displacement84 发动机排量enginedisplacement85 活塞排量pistonsweptvolume86 气缸容量cylindercapacity87 单室容量single-chambercapacity88 容积法volumetry89 压缩比compressi

8、onratio90 临界压缩比criticalcompressionratio91 膨胀比expansionratio92 面容比surfacetovolumeratio93 行程缸径比stroke-boreratio94 混合比mixtureratio95 压缩压力compressionpressure96 制动平均有效压力brakemeaneffectivepressure(bmep)97 空燃比airfuelratio98 燃空比fuelairratio99 燃料当量比fuelequivalenceratio100 扭矩torque101 单缸功powerpercylinder102 升

9、功率powerperliter103 升扭矩torqueperliter104 升质量massperliter105 减额功率deratingpower106 输出马力shafthorsepower107马力小时，马力时horsepower-hour108 总马力grosshorsepower109 总功率grosspower110 净功率netpower111燃油消耗量fuelconsumption112比燃料消耗率specificfuelconsumption113空气消耗率airconsumption114机油消耗量oilconsumption115有效马力nethorsepower11

10、6额定马力ratedhorsepower117马力重量系数horsepower-weightfactor118制动功率brakehorsepower119制动热效率brakethermalefficiency120总效率overallefficiency121排烟极限功率smokelimitinghorsepower122功率曲线powercurve123机械损失mechanicalloss124机械效率mechanicalefficiency125有效热效率effectivethermalefficiency126充气系数volumetricefficiency127过量空气系数coeffi

11、cientofexcessair128适应性系数adaptivecoefficient129扭矩适应性系数coefficientoftorqueadaptibility130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173转速适应性系数speedadaptivecoefficient强化系数coefficientofintensification校正系数correctionfactor换

12、算系数conversionfactor活塞平均速度meanpistonspeed发动机转速enginespeed(rotationalfrequency)充量(进气)charge旋转方向directionofrotation顺时针clockwise逆时针counter-clockwise左转left-handrotation右转right-handrotation发动机性能engineperformance力口载性能loadingperformance起动性能startingperformance力口速性能accelerationperformance动力性能powerperformance排

13、放性能emissionperformance燃油经济性Fueleconomy排放Exhaustemissions大的燃烧噪声Largecombustionnoise预混合燃烧Premixedcombustion扩散燃烧Diffusioncombustion大的EGR率HeavyEGR推迟喷油时间Retardingtheinjectiontiming,推迟喷油时间Delayingthefuelinjectiontiming,燃烧激振力Combustionexcitationforces(CPL)CO2排放Carbondioxide(CO2)emissions温室气体Greenhousegas热效

14、率Thermalefficiency辅助涡流室Auxiliaryswirlchamber黑烟BlacksmokeNox氮氧化物NitrogenoxidesPM颗粒物ParticulatematterEGR废气再循环Exhaustgasrecirculation燃油供给系统Thefuelinjectionsystem在低负荷区Inthelowloadregion气缸压力Thecylinderpressurelevel曲轴转角Thecrankangle1/3倍频程1/3octavebandofthefrequency全负荷Fullload部分负荷Partialload声压级Soundpressur

15、elevel发动机扭矩Enginetorque174燃烧噪声Combustionnoise175机械噪声Mechanicalnoise176涡轮增压的Turbocharged177涡轮增压器Turbocharger178着火燃迟期Theignitiondelayperiod179喷油泵Thefuelinjectionpump180增压中冷柴油机Intercooledturbochargeddiesel181碳化氢Hydrocarbon(HC)182进气管几何尺寸Intakeportgeometry183水平轴Horizontalaxis184声功率Soundpowerlevel185竖直轴Ve

16、rticalaxis186辐射噪声Radiationnoise187发动机测功机enginedynamometer188零负荷到中等负荷Idlingtoamedium-load189振幅Amplitude190气缸体振动Cylinderblockvibration191声压级Soundpressurelevel192随着曲轴转角Inrelationtothecrankangle193最大汽缸压力Themaximumcylinderpressure194最大汽缸压力升tWj率Thecylinderpressuregradient195共轨系统Common-railsystem196可变喷嘴涡轮增

17、压器variablenozzleturbocharger197引导喷射pilotinjection1984气门DOHC系统4-valveDOHCsystem199计算机辅助工程CAEcomputer-aidedengineering200固有噪声201侧面挠度202排气岐管203进气岐管204交流发电机Bornnoiselateralbendingexhaustmanifoldintakemanifoldalternator205齿轮箱gearcase206供油泵supplypump207起动机starter208共振频率resonancefrequency209气缸压力快速升tWj率ther

18、apidrisingrateofcylinderpressure210主喷量和主喷时间maininjectionvolume,timing211共轨油压fuelpressureinacommon-rail212放热率heatreleaseratio213步进电机step-motor214频谱图frequencyspectrummap215油膜oilfilm216机械噪声mechanicalnoise217识别identify变量variable隔离声音的传播途径Isolatesoundtransmissionroutes衰减Attenuation半消声室Semi-anechoicchamber

19、系数Coefficient正时带Timingbelt台架实验Benchtest气门驱动凸轮Valve-drivecam传递系数Transfercoefficient矢量vector气穴现象Cavitation微处理器microprocessor执行器actuator电控泵electronicallycontrolledpump气缸盖cylinderhead气缸体cylinderblock整体铸造castinblock（castenblock）发动机罩enginebonnet气缸体加强筋engineblockstiffeningrib气缸cylinder示功图indicatorchart/dia

20、gram缸体（转子机）stator缸径cylinderbore气缸体机架cylinderblockframe配气机构箱valvemechanismcasing气缸体隔片cylinderspacer气缸盖密封环cylinderheadringgasket气缸盖垫片cylinderheadgasket气缸套cylinderliner（cylindersleeve）干式缸套drycylinderliner湿式缸套wetcylinderliner气缸水套waterjacket膨胀塞expansionplug防冻塞freezeplug气缸壁cylinderwall环脊ringridge排气口exhaus

21、tport中间隔板intermediatebottum导板guideway创成半径（转子机）generatingradius缸体宽度（转子机）operatingwidth218219220221222223224225226227228229230231构造232233234235236237238239240241242243244245246247248249250251252253254255256257258259燃烧室combustionbowl2602612622632642652662672682692702712722732742752762772782792802812822

22、83284285286287288289290291292293294295296297298浅盆形缩口燃烧室shallowreentrantcombustionchamber主燃烧室maincombustionchamber副燃烧室subsidiarycombustionchamber预燃室prechamber涡流燃烧室'swirlcombustionchamber分开式燃烧室dividedcombustionchamber涡流式燃烧室turbulencecombustionchamber半球形燃烧室hemisphericalcombustionchamber浴盆形燃烧室bathtu

23、bsectioncombustionchamberL形燃烧室L-combustionchamber楔形燃烧室wedge-sectioncombustionchamber开式燃烧室opencombustionchamber封闭喷射室closedspraychamber活塞顶内燃烧室pistonchamber爆发室explosionchamber燃烧室容积比volumeratioofcombustioncahmber发动机托架engineholdingframeengine动力机装置powerunit直喷柴油机DI(direct-injection)dieselengine非直喷柴油机IDI(In

24、direct-injection)dieselengine动力传动系powertrain连杆connectingrod油底壳oilpan活塞销pistonpin气缸套cylinderbore凸轮齿camgear空气室energychamber气缸余隙容积cylinderclearancevolume燃烧室容积combustionchambervolume气缸最大容积maximumcylindervolume压缩室compressionchamber外径majordiameter中径pitchdiameter内径minordiameter径向间隙radialclearance两极调速器limit

25、ing_speedgovernor特性空转特性noloadcharacteristics负荷特性partthrottlecharacteristics(汽油机)loadcharacteristics299调速特性governorcontrolcharacteristics300万有特性mappingcharacteristics301稳定调速率steadystatespeedgoverningrate工况302怠速转速idlingspeed303经济转速economicspeed304起动转速startingspeed305最彳氐稳定工作转速lowestcontinuousspeedwithl

26、oad306最大扭矩转速speedatmaximumtorque307最高空转转速maximumnoloadgovernedspeed308调速speedgoverning309超速overspeed310怠速idling311转速波动率speedfluctuationrate312工况workingcondition(operatingmode)313额定工况declaredworkingcondition314变工况variableworkingcondition315稳定工况steadyworkingcondition316空载no-load317全负荷fu1110ad318超负荷ove

27、rload319部分负荷320怠速控制321怠速工况322起动工况323起动转速partloadidling-speedcontrolidlingconditionstartingconditioncrankingspeed324急减速工况abruptdecreasingcondition325力口速工况acceleratingcondition326驻车park327调速Speedgoverning328应急跛行模式limp-inmode排放329EmissionStandardsintheEU欧洲排放标准330FuelQuality燃油质量331ConformityofProduction

28、(COP)生产一致性检测332FuelConsumption燃油消耗333ExhaustEmissionMeasurement排放检测334tailpipe排气管335Carbonmonoxide一氧化碳336emissionsofcrankcasegases曲轴箱燃油蒸发排放量337Ageingtest耐久性试验338EPEFE=EuropeanProgramonEmssions,FuelsandEngineTechnologies燃油及发339动机技术项目340fuelproperties燃油质量341CarManufacturers汽车制造商欧洲的排放、342Impactofvehicl

29、eemissionsonairquality排放对空气质量的影响343Cetaneno.十六烷值344Evaporationcharacteristic蒸发特性345Sulfur-freeFuels无硫燃油346Testcycle测试循环347NEDC=NewEuropeanDrivingCycle新的欧洲标准测试循环348Loadingofcharcoalcanister炭罐吸附349preconditioning(PC)预处理350ESC=Europeansteadystatecycle稳态循环351ELR=Europeanloadresponsetest负荷烟度试验352ETC=Europeantransientcycle瞬态循