大学英语三级语法知识总结汇总

1、三级语法考点归纳虚拟语气1 . if句中虚拟形式if引导的非真实条件句(纯粹假设或发生的可能性不大)主句would/ should/ might/ could dowould/ should/ might/ could do would/ should/ might/ could have条件从句与现在相反did (be >were)与将来相反did (be *were)与过去相反had done done例句If we left (leave) now, we should arrive in time.t have been broken (break) into.If they h

2、adn ' t gone on vacation, their house wouldn2 .原形虚拟：a.表命令、决定、要求、建议等词语之后的that-分句中，用动词原形。suggest, demand, advise, propose, order, arrange, insist, command, require,request, desire +thsrtould) do例如 He suggested that we should leave early.My suggestion is that we should tell him.b. It is (was)形容词 /名

3、词 that (should) do/例如 It is absolutely essential that all the facts be examined first.3. 一些句型中的虚拟形式：1 . It ' s (high, about, the first, etc.) time (that)词过去时与现在或者将来与过去相反例如 It ' s time we left.2 would rather/sooneras if/ thoughwould rather/sooner相反as if/ though4.练习例如 It is time we went to bed

4、.宁愿好像L谓语用过去时谓语用过去完成时1. I try it again if I you.A. will ； amB. should; amC. would; were D.would; had been2. If it not for the water, the plants live.A. were； would not B. is； could notC. were； could D. did;could not3. If I that chance to show my ability, I the president of thisschool.A. have not had;

5、 could not becomeB. had not had; would not havebecomeC. did not have；could not becomeD. doesn t have； will not become4. He by that burglar if you to save him.A. might have been killed；hadn t come B. will be killed；didn t comeC. may be killed； did t comeD. could be killed； haven t come5. If it for yo

6、ur help，I that hard time with so little money.B. is not；can not spendD. have not been； will notB. do；will break outD. will；is to break outC. haven t done D. hadnA. were not；would not spendC. had not been；would not have spentspend6. Where you go if war A. will； breaks outC. would； were to break out7.

7、 She wishes she that humiliating thing.A. doesn t doB. didn t do t done8. The chairman suggested that the meeting put off.A. can beB. beC. isD. will be9. It is vital that he immediately.A. should go B. must go C. goesD. went10. It is time we do our homework.A. begin to B. can begin to C. began toD.

8、will begin to答案：1.选C。表示与现在事实相反的假设（指现在的假设）（译文；如果我是你，我会再试一次 ）2选Ao表示与现在事实相反的假设（指现在的假设）。（译文：要是没有水，植物就不能存活。）3 .选Bo表示与过去事实相反的假设。4 A。表示与过去事实相反的假设。（译文：要不是你来救他，他早就被那个窃贼杀了。 ）5 . C与过去事实相反的假设。（译：要没有你帮忙，我那点儿钱是无法度过那段艰苦岁月的。）6 .选C。表示与将来事实相反的假设。（译文：要是战争爆发了，你会上哪儿去）7 .选 D。 虚拟语气用于宾语从句。（译文：她真希望自己没有做过那件丢脸的事情。）8 .选Bo虚拟语气用

9、于表示“建议”等意义的动词后。（译文：主席建议会议延期举行。 ）9 .选Ao虚拟语气用于主语从句（It is / was +形容词+ that引导的分句）。10 .选C。虚拟语气用于定语从句It is time （that）句型。（译文：我们该开始做作业了。 ）二.动词的时态1 .各个时态动词基本变形一般现在时be(is,am,are) do/does现在进行时be (is/am/are)+ doing现在完成时have/has done现在完成进行时have/has been doing一般过去时was/were did过去进行时was/were doing过去完成时had done过去完成

10、进行时had been doing，般将来时will do将来进行时will do将来完成will have done将来完成进行时will have been doing一般过去将来时would do过去将来进行时would be doing过去将来完成时would have done过去将来完成进行时 would have beer doing2 .时间状语与动词时态的搭配 一定的时态往往和一定的时间状语连用。always ,usually, sometimes,一般现在时do/doesam is arelast week, yesterday, a few days ago一般过去时di

11、dwas/ werenext week, tomorrow, in a week, this year 一般斗等来时will donow, at present, at this moment现在进行时be +doingso far, up to now, by the time, since 的主句现在完成时has/have done3 .练习，用动词的适当形式填空1. He(be) eighteen next year.2. It(rain) every day so far this month.3. Mozart(write) more than 600 pieces of music

12、.4. If it(rain) tomorrow, we' ll have to stay at home.5. How fast he(drive) when the accident happened6. By the time Mr. Smith left school, he(teach) that course for twenty-five years.7. Perhaps he(finish) reading the book by this time tomorrow.1 .填will be。next year为表示将来时态的时间状语2 .填has rained so

13、far是“到目前为止”的意思，常和现在完成时搭配使用。3 .填wrote。Mozart （莫扎特）是已去世的音乐家，故应使用过去时。4 .填rains。在条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来发生的事情。5 .填was.driving。表示过去某一时刻发生的动作要用过去进行时。6 .填 had taughto 句中有 by the time Mr. Smith left school ,主语的谓语应用过去完成时。7,填 will 成时。have finished o句中有by this time tomorrow ,主语的谓语应用将来完三动词的被动语态1,各个时态的被动语态时 态一般现在 时现

14、在进行 时过去 时过去进 行时一将 来时过去将 来时现在 完成 时过去 完成 时现在完 成进行 时将来完成时主doam/is/aredidwas/willwouldhas/hadhas/will have动doingweredodohavedonehavedonedoingdonebeendoing被am/is/aream/is/arewas/was/willwouldhas/hadwill have动donebeingwerewerebebehavebeenbeen donedonedonebeingdonedonebeendonedonedone1. The construction of

15、 the library before the end of next month.A. must have completedB. must have been completedC. must be completedD. must complete2. The subject of these lectures by the lecture committee.A. announcesB.have been announcedC. announcedD. has been announced3. My pictures until next week.A. won' t deve

16、lopB. aren' t developingC. don' t developD. won' t be developed4. They so that we wouldri t recognize them.A. costumedB. disguisedC. were disguisingdisguised5. All the apparatus （S 械）before the experiment began.A. had been prepared B. were prepared C. had been preparedD.had prepared6. Th

17、e worlds supplies of copper.A. have been gradually being exhaustedB. has gradually exhaustedC. are gradually exhaustedD. are being gradually exhausted7. The goods when we arrived at the airport.A. were just unloadingB. were just being unloadedC. had just unloadedD. were just been unloaded8. Tom the

18、best student in his class.A. regardsB. regards asC. has regarded as D. isregarded as9. The sports meeting because of the bad weather.A. put offB. was put offC. was putted off D. has putoff1. Co情态动词的被动语态为：情态动词+be+done。（译：到下月底图书馆的修建必须完工）现在完成时的被动语态为：have been+done （译：讲座的课题已由讲座委员会宣布了。 ）3. D。一般将来时的被动语态为：

19、 will be+done,其否定形式为：will not be +done 一般过去时的被动语态为 was/were+过去分词（译:为了不让我们认出来，他们伪装 了起来 ）5. C。过去完成时的被动语态的构成为：had been+过去分词。6. D现在进行时的被动语态为：are/is/am being+过去分词。（译:世界的铜资源正逐渐被耗尽）。过去进行时的被动语态为：was/were being+过去分词。（译:我们到机场时正在卸货物。）8. D。（译文：汤姆被认为是班里最好的学生。）9. B。 （译文：运动会因天气不好被取消了。）四 定语从句1 .定语从句（Attributive Cla

20、uses在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常紧跟在先行词后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。关系代词有： who, whom, whose, that, which 等。关系副词有： when, where, why等。例题： The Social Security Retirement Program is made up of two trust funds， could gopenniless by next year.A. the large oneB. the larger of whichC. the largest oneD. th

21、e largest of which选Bo因为前面有two,所以不能选D, A没有连接手段，也不能选。三级试题中定语从句的考题：1、 I tried to get of the business I found impossible to carry on.A） whyB）whichC）whatD）where2、 Once more I have to leave Beijing , I have been living for eight years.A） thatB）whereC）which D）as3、This book is designed for the leaners nativ

22、e languages are not English.A)whose B)which C)who D)what4、She got to know the young man very well she had worked for so long.A)to whom B)in whom C)whom D)with whom5、The hotel during the vacation was rather poorly managed.A)as I stayed B)where I stayed C)which I stayed D)what I stayed6、There are so m

23、any dresses there that I really dort know to choose.A)whether B)when C)which D)why7、I think that Anna is far the most active member in our group.A)with B)at C)as D)by五.倒装1 .当only放在句首，表示强调时，要用倒装例：Only in this way can you solve this problem. 只有用这种方法，你才可以解 决这个问题。Only yesterday did I finish the book.到昨天

24、我才读完那本书。2 .具有否定意义的副词或词组用于句首，要用倒装。常见的否定词有：never,seldom, rarely, little, hardly, not until, by no means, not only, neither, no sooner, hardly 等。例旬： Never shall I forget the days when you were with us.1、 Olny when we had finished all the work that it was too late to take a bus home.A)did we realize B)i

25、nformingC)informed D)to inform2、Not until the day before yesterdayto give a speech at the meeting.A)he agreedB)does he agree C)he agrees D)did heagree3、Young he is, he has proved to be an able sale sman.A)that B)who C)as D)which4、Not until yesterday anything about the project that will be completeds

26、oon.A)did I learn B)have I learnt C)I learnt D)that I learnt5、He is used to flying by air and on no occasion frightened.A)he has ever felt B)he ever feels C)ever does he feel D)has he ever felt6、So after she learned the good news that she could hardly fall asleep thatnight.A)excited the mother wasB)

27、was the mother excitedC)the mother was excitedD)excited was the mother7、 So loudlythat people could hear it out in the street.A)did the students play the musicB)the students playingthe musicC)the students played the musicD)have the studentsplayed the music六 it 的用法作形式主语或者形式宾语It is necessary for us to

28、 learn English. it 这里指代to learn EnglishIt was not very clear what she meant. it 这里指代what she meant2. it 在强调句型强调句型的结构为：It is/was +被强调部分+ that(who) +句子的其余部分练习 1. It was only when I read his poems recently I began to appreciatetheir beauty.A. untilB. thatC. thenD. so选 B。强调句型强调when 引导的时间状语从句。was about 6

29、00 years ago the first clock with a face and an hour hand wasmade.A. thatB. untilC. beforeD. when2. 形容词比较级结构(1) 形容词 +than than money. (2) the medicine I take+形容词比较级，选 A。强调句型强调时间状语。七形容词比较级比较级最高级1.不规则变法good/wellbetterbestbadworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleast例句： Real friendship is more valuable

30、 the + 形容词比较级例句： The more大学英语三级考试常考词组和固定搭配（介词+名词）词语by accidenton account ofin additionin addition toin the airon (the/an) averageon the basis offat (the) best for the betteron boardout of breathon businessin any case in case ofi n casein no caseby chancein charge (of)(a) round the clockin commonin c

31、onclusionon condition thatin confidencein connection with/toin consequencein consequence ofon the contrary解释偶然因为,由于另外除之外在流行中.在传播中平均,一般来说根据，在的基础上充其景，至多好转，改善在脂车.飞机上联不过气来因公，因哀无论如何.总之假使，万一假使，以防（万一）兔得决不偶然，碰巧负费，主管昼夜不靠地共用，共有，共同后，总之在条件下信任关于因此，结果由于的缘故反之.正相反in contrast with/to out of control under controlat a

32、ll costsat the cost ofin the course ofof coursein dangerout of dangerout of date up te date in debtin detailin difficultiesin the distanceoff duty on duty与成对照失去控制被控制住不惜任何代价以为代价在一过程中，在一期间当然，自然在危险中，垂危脱离危险过期（时）的时新的欠债详细地处境困难在远处下班值班，上班究竟，到底无论如何有效；实际上万一，如果发生例如之外面对，不顾，即使其实，实际上烧着步行有效I实第中有利于，赞成，支持on earthat

33、all eventsin any eventin the event offor examplewith the exception of . in the face ofin facton fireon footin forcein fawo (u) r ofin honour of on one's honour in a hurry匆忙地.立即in front ofin (the) future on guardin gonoralin halfat handfrom tip to toe by handhand down tohand in handin handon hand

34、on (the) one hand on the other hand .at heartby heart at home在面前今后，将来警惕，防范通常.大体上成两半在手边，在附近彻着彻尾，完全用手往下传，传给（后代）手拉手，携手在掌握中，在拄制中在手边，临近一方面.,另一方面在内心；实所上牢记，凭记忆在象，在E8内自在，自如以纪念，向川表示故怠以名誉担保for instance例如,举例说at intervals不时,时时终于at lastat least至少,量低限度in the least丝充at length in the light of in line终于，量后；详细地按照，根据成

35、一直线,排成一行in line with与一致，按照at a lossas a matter of fact by all means by means of by no means in memory of at the mercy of by mistake at the moment for a moment for the moment in a moment in nature on occasionin order in order to in order that out of orderon one's own in particular in the past in

36、person in place in place of in the first place in the last place out of place on the point to the point困惑,不知所措其实，事实上无论如何，必定借助于，用决不纪念在支配下错误地现在，此刻片刻，一会儿现在，暂时立烈I,马上本项上有时，不时新井然整齐以便，为了以便发生故障，失调独自地.独立地特别地.尤其，详细地在过去.以往亲自在适当的位置代替起初，首先最后不得其所的，不适当的即将的时候切中要害，切题in practice out of practice at present for the present in proportion to in publicfor (the) purpose of on purposewith the purpose of in question at randoma