专题16真题感悟2017-2018-2019年高考英语阅读理解四选一七选五专题突破原卷版

1、2019阅读理解四选一/七选五专题突破16真题感悟（2017-2018）真题感悟（2017）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。APacificScienceCenterGuide VisitPacificScienceCenter'sStoreDon'forgettostopbyPacificScienceCenter'SSorewhileyouareheretopickupawonderfulscienceactivityorsouvenirtoremem

2、beryourvisit.Thestoreislocated（位于）upstairsinBuilding3rightnexttotheLaserDome. Hungry?Ourexhibitswillfeedyourmind,butwhataboutyourbody?Ourcafoffersacompletemenuoflunchandsnackoptions,inadditiontoseasonalspecials.ThecafislocatedupstairsinBuilding1andisopendailyuntilonehourPacificScienceCentercloses. R

3、entalInformationLockersareavailabletostoreanybelongsduringyourvisit.ThelockersarelocatedinBuilding1neartheInformationDeskandinBuilding3.PushchairsandwheelchairsareavailabletorentattheInformationDeskandDennyWayentrance.IDrequired. SupportPacificScienceCenterSince1962,PacificScienceCenterhasbeeninspir

4、ingapassion（热情）fordiscoveryandlifelonglearninginscience,mathandtechnology.Today,PacificScienceCenterservesmorethan1.3millionpeopleayearandbringsinquiry-basedscienceeducationtoclassroomsandcommunityeventsalloverWashingtonState.It'sanamazaccomplishmentandonewecannotachievewithoutgeneroussupportfro

5、mindividuals,corporations,andothersocialorganizations.VtofindvariouswaysyoucansupportPacificScienceCenter.21. WherecanyoubuyasouveniratPacificScienceCenter?A.InBuilding1.B.InBuilding3.C.AttheLaserDome.D.AttheDennyWayentrance.22. WhatdoesPacificScienceCenterdoforschools?A.

6、Trainscienceteachers.B.Distributesciencebooks.C.Inspirescientificresearch.D.Takesciencetotheclassroom.23. Whatisthepurposeofthelastpartofthetext?A.Toencouragedonations.B.Toadvertisecomingevents.C.Tointroducespecialexhibits.D.TotellabouttheCenter'shistory.BIworkwithVolunteersforWildlife,arescuean

7、deducationorganizationatBaileyArboretuminLocustValley.Tryingtohelpinjured,displacedorsickcreaturescanbeheartbreaking;survivalisnevercertain.However,whenitworks,itissimplybeautiful.IgotarescuecallfromawomaninMuttontown.Shehadfoundayoungowl（猫头鹰）ontheground.WhenIarrived,Isawa2-to3-week-oldowl.Ithadalre

8、adybeenplacedinacarrierforsafety.Iexaminedthechick（雏鸟）anditseemedfine.IfIcouldlocatethenest,Imighthavebeenabletoputitback,butnoluck.Mynextworkwastoconstructanestandanchoritinatree.Thehomeownerwasveryhelpful.Awirebasketwasfound.Iputsomepinebranchesintothebaskettomakethisnestsafeandcomfortable.Iplaced

9、thechickinthenest,anditquicklycalmeddown.Nowallthatwasneededweretheparents,buttheywereabsent.Igavethehomeownerarecordingofthehungerscreamsofowlchicks.Theseadvertisethepresenceofchickstoadults;theymightalsoencourageourchicktostartcallingaswell.Igavetheownerasmuchinformationaspossibleandheadedhometose

10、ewhatnewsthenightmightbring.Anervousnighttobesure,butsometimesthespiritsofnaturesmileonusall!Thehomeownercalledtosaythattheparentshadrespondedtotherecordings.Idroveoverandsawthechickinthenestlookinghealthyandactive.AnditwasaccompaniedinthenestbythegreatestsightofallLUNCH!Theparentshaddonetheirdutyan

11、dwouldprobablycontinuetodoso.24. Whatisunavoidableintheauthor'srescueworkaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Effortsmadeinvain.C.Feelinguncertainabouthisfuture.25 .WhywastheauthorcalledtoMuttontown?A.Torescueawoman.C.Tolookatababyowl.26 .Whatmadethechickcalmdown?A.Anewnest.B.Somefood.B. Gettinginjuredinhisw

12、ork.D.Creaturesforcedoutoftheirhomes.C. Totakecareofawoman.D.Tocureayoungowl.D. Arecording.D.Itsparents27. Howwouldtheauthorfeelabouttheoutcomeoftheevent?A.Itunexpected.C.It'humorous.B.It'beautiful.D.It'discouraging.CSomeoftheworld'smostfamousmusiciansrecentlygatherePlairisandNewOrle

13、anstocelebratethefirstannualInternationalJazzDay.UNESCO（UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization）recentlysetApril30asadaytoraiseawarenessofjazzmusic,itssignificance,anditspotentialasaunifying（联合）voiceacrosscultures.Despitethecelebrations,though,intheU.S.thejazzaudiencecontinuestosh

14、rinkandgrowolder,andthemusichasfailedtoconnectwithyoungergenerations.It'sJasonMoran'sjobtohelpcthsalgAstheKennedyCenterartisticadviserforjazz,Moranhopestowidentheaudienceforjazz,makethemusicmoreaccessible,andpreserveitshistoryandculture.“Jazzseemslikeit'snotreallyapartoftheAmericanappeti

15、te,“MorantellsNationalPublicRa（NealConan."WhatI'mhopingtoaccomplishisthatmygenerationandyoungerstarttoreconsiderandunderstandthatjazzisnotblackandwhiteanymore.It'sactuallycolor,andit'sactuallydigital.”Moransaysoneoftheproblemswithjazztodayisthattheentertainmentaspectofthemusichasbee

16、nlost.“Themusiccan'tbepresentedtodaythewayitwasin1908or1958.Ithastocontinuetomove,becausethewaytheworldworksisnotthesame,“saysMoran.Lastyear,MoranworkedonaprojectthatarrangedFatsWaller'smusicforadanceparty,“justtokindofitbackinthemindthatWallerisdancemusicasmuchasitisconcertmusic,“saysMoran.

17、"Forme,it'therecontextualization.Inmusic,wheredoestheemotion（情感）lie?Arewe,ashumans,gaininganyinsight（感悟）onhowtalkaboutourselvesandhowsomethingasabstractasaCharlieParkerrecordgetsusintoadialogueaboutouremotionsandourthoughts?Sometimeswelosesightthatthemusichasawidercontext,“saysMoran,“soIwan

18、ttocontinuethosedialogues.ThosearethethingsIwanttofoster.”28. WhydidUNESCOsetApril30asInternationalJazzDay?A.Torememberthebirthofjazz.B.Toprotectculturaldiversity.C.Toencouragepeopletostudymusic.D.Torecognizethevalueofjazz.29. Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inparagraph3referto?A.Jazzbecomi

19、ngmoreaccessible.B.Theproductionofjazzgrowingfaster.C.Jazzbeinglesspopularwiththeyoung.D.Thejazzaudiencebecominglarger.30. WhatcanweinferaboutMoran'sopiniononjazz?A.Itwilldisappeargradually.B.Itremainsblackandwhite.C.Itshouldkeepupwiththetimes.D.Itchangesevery50years.31. Whichofthefollowingcanbe

20、thebesttitleforthetext?A.ExploringtheFutureofJazzB.TheRiseandFallofJazzC.TheStoryofaJazzMusicianD.CelebratingtheJazzDayDAbuild-it-yourselfsolarstill（蒸储器）isoneofthebestwaystoobtaindrinkingwaterinareaswheretheliquidisnotreadilyavailable.DevelopedbytwodoctorsintheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture,itwatercoll

21、ector.Unfortunately,youmustcarrythenecessaryequipmentwithyou,sinceit'sallbutimpossibletofindnaturalsubstitutes.Theonlycomponentsrequired,though,area5/父5/sheetofclearorslightlymilkyplastic,sixfeetofplastictube,andacontainer-perhapsjustadrinkingcup-tocatchthewater.Thesepiecescanbefoldedintoaneatli

22、ttlepackandfastenedonyourbelt.Toconstructaworkingstill,useasharpstickorrocktodigaholefourfeetacrossandthreefeetdeep.Trytomaketheholeinadampareatoincreasethewatercatcherproductivity.Placeyourcupinthedeepestpartofthehole.Thenlaythetubeinplacesothatoneendrestsallthewayinthecupandtherestofthelinerunsupa

23、ndout-thesideofthehole.Next,covertheholewiththeplasticsheet,securingtheedgesoftheplasticwithdirtandweightingthesheetcenterdownwitharock.Theplasticshouldnowformacone（圆锥体）with45-degree-angledsides.Thelowpointofthesheetmustbecentereddirectlyover,andnomorethanthreeinchesabove,thecup.Thesolarstillworksby

24、creatingagreenhouseundertheplastic.Groundwaterevaporates（蒸发）andcollectsonthesheetuntilsmalldropsofwaterform,rundownthematerialandfalloffintothecup.Whenthecontainerisfull,youcansucktherefreshmentoutthroughthetube,andwon'thavetobreakdownthestilleverytimeyouneeadrink.32. Whatdoweknowaboutthesolarst

25、illequipmentfromthefirstparagraph?A.It'sdelicate.B.It'sexpensive.C.It'scoexplD.It'sportable.33. Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thewatercatcher"inparagraph2referto?A.Thetube.B.Thestill.C.Thehole.D.Thecup.34. What'sthelaststepcofistructingaworkingsolarstill?A.Digaholeofacertainsi

26、ze.B.Putthecupinplace.C.Weightthesheet'scenterdown.D.Covertheholewiththeplasticsheet.35. Whenasolarstillworks,dropsofwatercomeintothecupfrom.A.theplastictubeB.outsidetheholeC.theopenairD.beneaththesheet第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifanyonehadtoldmethreeyearsagoth

27、atIwouldbespendingmostofmyweekendscamping,Iwouldhavelaughedheartily.Campers,inmyeyes,werepeoplewhoenjoyedinsectbites,ill-cookedmeals,anduncomfortablesleepingbags.Theyhadnothingincommonwithme.36Thefriendswhointroducedmetocampingthoughtthatitmeanttobeapioneer.37Wesleptinatent,cookedoveranopenfire,andw

28、alkedalongdistancetotaketheshowerandusethebathroom.ThisbriefvisitwithMotherNaturecostmetwodaysofffromwork,recoveringfromabadcaseofsunburnandthedoctorson'sfoodpoisoning.Iwas,nevertheless,talkedintogoingonanotherfun-filledholidayinthewilderness.38Instead,wehadapop-upcamperwithcomfortablebedsandana

29、irconditioner.Mynature-lovingfriendshadrememberedtobringallthenecessitiesoflife.39 Wehavedonealotofitsince.Recently,weboughtatwenty-eight-foottraveltrailercompletewithabathroomandabuilt-inTVset.Thereisaseparatebedroom,amodernkitchenwitharefrigerator.Thetrailerevenhasmatchingcarpetandcurtains.40 Itmu

30、stbetruethatsoonerorlater,everyonefindshisorherwaybacktonature.Irecommendthatyoufindyourwayinstyle.A. Thistimetherewasnotent.B. Thingsaregoingtobeimproved.C. Thetriptheytookmeonwasaroughone.D. Iwastolearnalotaboutcampingsincethen,however.E. ImustsaythatIhavecertainlycometoenjoycamping.F. Afterthetri

31、p,myfamilybecamequiteinterestedincamping.G. Therewasnoshadeasthetreeswerenomorethan3feettall.真题感悟（2018）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWashington,D.C.BicycleToursCherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.Duration:3hoursThissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytosee

32、theworld-famouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowersofWashington,D.C.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswheretheyblossom.Reserveyourspotbeforeavailabilityandthecherryblossomsdisappear!WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTourDuration:3hours（4miles）Joinaguidedbiketourandviewsom

33、eofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington,D.C.ExplorethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike,helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.Duration:3hoursMorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD.C.ne

34、wcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute（路线）makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBi

35、cycleTourDuration:3hours（7miles）JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,D.C.GetupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledw

36、ater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.21. Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?A. CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.B. WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.C. CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.D. WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.22. WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBike

37、Tour?A.Meetfamouspeople.B.Gotoanationalpark.C.Visitwell-knownmuseums.D.Enjoyinterestingstories.23. Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?A.Citymaps.B.Cameras.C.Meals.D.Safetylights.BGoodMorningBritain'SusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminh

38、erlatestroleshowingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder5perfamilyaday.AndtheGoodMorningBritainpresentersaysshe'beenabletop

39、utalotofwhatshe'learntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11.“WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,explains."Ipay右c5tfona一份）,burMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeaway

40、food,butsometimeswe'renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves.”Theeight-partseries（系歹U节目）,SaveMoney:GoodFood,followsinthefootstepsofITVSaveMo'ney:GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,Susannaa

41、ndMattspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeachweek.Intonight'sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.Theteamtransformsthefamily'slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.24. WhatdoweknowaboutSusannaReid?A. Sheenjoysembarrassingherguests.

42、B. Shehasstartedanewprogramme.C. Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.D. Shehashadatightbudgetforherfamily.25. HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna?A. Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher.B. Hepreparesfoodforherkids.C. Heassistsherincookingmatters.D. Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.26. Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinpar

43、agraph4?A. Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.B. Providesomeadviceforthereaders.C. Addsomebackgroundinformation.D. Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.27. Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A. KeepingFitbyEatingSmartB. BalancingOurDailyDietC. MakingYourselfaPerfectChefD. CookingWellforLessCLanguageshavebeenc

44、omingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit（联系）groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionp

45、eople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglob

46、alisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfew

47、languages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwelloverslangu800.Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathal

48、ftheworldspokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡),withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150),LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark)

49、:noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.A.Theydevelopedveryfast.C.Theyhadsimilarpatterns.29.WhichofthefollowingbestexplainsA.Complex.C.Powerful.28. Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes?B.Theywerelargeinnumber.D.Theywerecloselyconnected.“dominant"underlinedinparagraph2?B.Advanc

50、ed.D.Modern.30. Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?A.About6,800.B.About3,400.C.About2,400.D.About1,200.31. Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A. Newlanguageswillbecreated.B. People'slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.C. Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.D. Geographydeterminesla

51、nguageevolution.DWemaythinkwe'reaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethgshinyandnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices(装置)wellaftertheygooutofstyle.That'sbadnfortheenvironmentandourwalletsastheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesam

52、ethings.Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitslifefromwhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestopusingthedevice.Thismethodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeenergyusehasevolvedsinceth

53、eearly1990s.Devicesweregroupedbygeneration.Desktopcomputers,basicmobilephones,andbox-setTVsdefined1992.Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997.AndMP3players,smartphones,andLCDTVsenteredhomesin2002,beforetabletsande-readersshowedupin2007.Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidn'tthrowoutouroldones

54、.-roomteleViThnls/ingreplacedandgetsplantedinthekids'room,andsuddenlyoneday,youhaveaTVineveryroomofthehouse,oneresearcher.Theaveragenumberofelectronicdevicesrosefromfourperhouseholdin1992to13in2007.Werenotjustkeepingtheseolddeviceswecontinuetousethem.AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbitt'solddeskt

55、opmonitorsandboxTVswithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasemissions（排放）morethandoublingduringthe1992to2007window.Sowhat'sthesolution堇决方案）？Theteam'sdataonlywentupto2007,buttheresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldprod

56、uctswithnewelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction,suchasatabletforwordprocessingandTVviewing.Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.32. Whatdoestheauthorthinkofnewdevices?A. Theyareenvironment-friendly.B. Theyarenobetterthantheold.C. Theycostmoretouseathome.D. Theygooutofstylequickly.33. WhydidBabbittsteamconducttheresearch?A. Toreducethecostofminerals.B. Totestthelifecycle