大学英语第三版第二册课后翻译练习参考答案

1、精选新视野读写教程第三版第二册读写教程课后翻译参考答案第一单元英译中English is known as a world language, regularly used by many nations whose English is not theirfirst language. Like other languages, English has changed greatly. The history of the English languagecan be divided into three main periods: Old English, Middle English a

2、nd Modern English. The Englishlanguage started with the invasion of Britain by three Germanic tribes during the 5th century AD, andthey contributed greatly to the formation of the English language. During the medieval and early modernperiods, the influence of English spread throughout the British Is

3、les, and from the early 17th century itsinfluence began to be felt throughout the world. The processes of European exploration and colonizationfor several centuries led to significant change in English. Today, American English is particularlyinfluential, due to the popularity of American cinema, tel

4、evision, music, trade and technology, includingthe Internet.人们普遍认为英语是一种世界语言，经常被许多不以英语为第一语言的国家 使用。与其他语言一样，英语也发生了很大的变化。 英语的历史可以分为三个主 要阶段：古英语，中古英语和现代英语。英语起源于公元5世纪，当时三个日耳 曼部落入侵英国， 他们对英语语言的形成起了很大的作用。 在中世纪和现代社会 初期，英语的影响遍及不列颠群岛。从17世纪初，它的影响力开始在世界各地 显现。欧洲几百年的探险和殖民过程导致了英语的重大变化。 今天，由于美国电 影、电视、贸易和技术、包括互联网的大受欢迎，

5、美国英语的影响力尤其显著。汉译中 中国书法(calligraphy)是一门独特的艺术、是世界上独一无二的艺术瑰 宝。中国书法艺术的形成，发展与汉文字的产生与演进存在着密不可分的关系。 汉字在漫长的演变发展过程中， 一方面起着交流思想、继承文化的重要作用， 另 一方面它本身又形成了一种独特的艺术。 书法能够通过作品把书法家个人的生活 感受、学识、修养、个性等折射出来，所以，通常有 “字如其人 ”的说法。中国书 法不仅是中华民族的文化瑰宝，而且在世界文化艺术宝库中独放异彩。Chinese calligraphy is a unique art and the unique art treasure

6、 in the world. The formation anddevelopment of the Chinese calligraphy is closely related to the emergence and evolution of Chinesecharacters. In this long evolutionary process,Chinese characters have notonly played an important role in exchanging ideas and transmitting culturebut also developed int

7、o a unique art form. Calligraphic workspersonal feelings, knowl-ecduglteiv,astieolnf , personality,and so forth, thus there is an expression that“seeing the calligrapherlike seeing the person”A. s one of the treasures of Chinese culture, Chinese calligraphy shinessplendidly in the worlds treasure ho

8、use of culture and art.第二单元well reflect calligraphersshandw精选英译汉A MOOC (massive open online course) is an online course aimed at unlimited participation andopen access via the web. M00Cs are a recent development in distance education and have nowbecome a surging trend in higher education. These clas

9、ses are aimed at expanding a universitys reachfrom thousands of tuition -paying students who live in town, to millions of students around the world. Inaddition to traditional course materials, M00Cs provide interactive user forums to support interactionsbetween students and professors. MOOCs can enc

10、ourage communication among participants whobring a variety of viewpoints, knowledge, and skills to the course inspire people to“tryon”subjectsthat they wouldnt otherwise pursue or even try on education itself; provide multiple ways to engage withcourse material, encouraging multimodal (多模式的) learnin

11、g that can address the needs of learnerswith a variety of learning styles and inspire better teaching and use of technologies for face-to-facecourses.慕课是一种网络课程，它旨在通过网络实现广泛参与和开放接入。 慕课是远 程教育迈出的最新一步，现已在高等教育领域迅速引领潮流。 通过这些课程，大 学可以扩大影响的范围，从影响成千上万住在城里付学费的学生， 扩展到惠及全 球上百万的学生。除了拥有传统的课程资料，慕课还给使用者提供互动论坛，支 持学生和讲

12、师之间的交流。慕课能够促进参与者之间的交流，使得多种观点、知 识和技能涌现到课堂上来；它鼓励人们尝试之前不可能尝试的课程， 甚至是尝试 新的教育方式；它提供多种学习课程资料的方式， 鼓励多模式学习，以各种学习 风格满足学习者的需求；另外，慕课促进教学的改善，使技术在面对面授课中得 以更好地应用。中翻英 近年来，随着互联网技术的发展，我国的数字化教育资源建设取得了 巨大的成就。很多高校建立了自己的数字化学习平台， 数字化教学在教育中发挥 着越来越大的作用。和传统教学方式相比，数字化教学方式有很大的优势。一方 面，数字化教学使教学资源得以全球共享； 另一方面，它拓展了学习者的学习时 间和空间，人们

13、可以随时随地通过互联网进入数字化的虚拟学校学习。 这使得人 类从接受一次性教育走向终身学习成为可能。In recent years, with the development of Internet technology, the construction of digital educationresources of our country has made great achievements. Many universities have set up their own digitallearning platforms, and digital teaching is playin

14、g an increasingly important role in education. Comparedwith the traditional way of teaching, the digital way has a lot of advantages. On one hand, digitalteaching makes global sharing of teaching resources possible; on the other hand, it expands the learners study timaned space to learn, allowing pe

15、ople to get accessto the digital virtual schools through theInternet anytime and anywhere. These advantages make it possible for people to shift from one-timelearning to lifelong learning.第三单元英译中As an important part of the American culture value system,“individualism”is admired by most American peop

16、le. Americans view the family as a group whose primary purpose is toadvance the happinessof individual members. In contrast to many other cultures, the primaryresponsibility of the American family member is not to advance the family as a group, either socially oreconomically. What would be best for

17、the family is not usually considered to be as important as what精选would be best for the individual. With freedom comes the responsibility to care for oneself, for it is thefreedom of choice that carries with it the responsibility: to accept the consequences of the choices. ManyAmericans give their ch

18、ildren a lot of freedom because they want them to be independent andself-reliant. Along with the American emphasis on individual freedom, the belief in equality betweenparents and children also has had a strong effect on the family.作为美国文化价值体系的一个重要组成部分， “个人主义”受到大多数美国 人的推崇。美国人认为家庭作为一个群体，其主要目的是促进家庭各成员的

19、幸福。 与许多其他文化相比，美国家庭成员的主要职责，不是在社会上或经济上提高整 个家庭的地位。 人们通常认为， 什么是对个人最好的要比什么是对家庭最好的更 为重要。与自由相伴而来的是照顾自己的责任，因为所选择的自由承载了责任， 即必须接受自己的选择所带来的后果。 许多美国人给他们的孩子很多的自由， 因 为他们希望孩子们能够独立和自力更生。 在美国人强调个人自由的同时， 父母与 孩子间平等的信念也对美国家庭产生了巨大的影响。中译英 孝道(filial piety)是中国古代社会的基本道德规范(code of ethics)。 中国人把孝视为人格之本、 家庭和睦之本、国家安康之本。由于孝道是儒家伦

20、理 思想的核心，它成了中国社会千百年来维系家庭关系的道德准则。 它毫无疑问是 中华民族的一种传统美德。孝道文化是一个复合概念，内容丰富，涉及面广。它 既有文化理念，又有制度礼仪(institutional etiquette)。一般来说，它指社会要求 子女对父母应尽的义务，包括尊敬、关爱、赡养老人等等。孝道是古老的“东方 文明”之根本。Filial piety is the basic code of ethics in the ancient Chinese society. Chinese people consider filialpiety as the essence of a pe

21、rsons integrity, family harmony, anthe nationwsell-being. With filial piety being the core of Confucian ethics, it hasbeen the moral standard for the Chinese society to maintain the family relationship for thousands ofyears. Its undoubtedly a traditional Chinese virtue. The culture of filialpiety is

22、 a complex concept, rich in content and wide in range. It includes not only cultural ideas but alsoinstitutional etiquettes. Generally speaking, it refers to the obligation of children to their parents requiredby the society, including respect, care, support for the elderly and so forth. Filial piet

23、y is fundamental tothe ancient I t ”civilization”.第四单元英译中ValentineDsay on February 14 is celebrated in various American and European countries. It isa holiday of love and romance usually by exchanging valentines or love tokens between lovers. Thereare different origins regarding the festival. One le

24、gend goes that the Romans put a priest named SaintValentine into prison for refusing to believe in the Roman gods. On February 14, Valentine was put todeath not only because he was Christian, but also because he had cured the jailer daughter of blindness.The night before he was executed he wrote her

25、 a farewell letter signed“Fromyour Valentine”La.ter,February 14 became a holiday for people to show affection for their loved ones. Today, people celebrateValentineDasy in different ways, sending greeting cards and flowers, giving chocolate or other gifts, orjoining in romantic dinners. The holiday

26、has now become popular all over the world. In China the festival精选is also becoming increasingly popular with young people.美洲和欧洲各国都会庆祝2月14日的情人节。这是一个充满爱情和浪漫的 节日，恋人之间通常都会交换情人卡和爱情信物。 关于这个节日的起源有着不同 的说法。一个传说是罗马人把一个叫圣瓦伦丁的神父关进了监狱， 因为他拒绝相 信罗马神。2月14日那天，瓦伦丁被处死，不仅因为他是基督徒，而且因为他 曾治愈了一位监狱看守双目失明的女儿。 他在被处死的前一天晚上给她写了

27、一封 署名 “你的瓦伦丁 ”的告别信。后来，2月14日就成了一个人们可以为他们的情 人展示感情的节日。 现在，人们以不同的方式庆祝情人节， 他们发送贺卡、鲜花， 赠送巧克力或其他礼品， 或共进浪漫的晚餐。 现在这个节日已流行世界各地。在 中国，这个节日也正越来越受年轻人的欢迎。中译英 农历七月初七是中国的七夕节(Qixi Festival),是中国传统节日中最具浪漫色彩的一个节日。 一些大的商家每年都举办不同的活动， 年轻人也送礼物给 他们的情人。因此，七夕节被认为是中国的情人节”(Valentines。七夕节来自牛郎与织女(Cowherd and Weaving Maid)的传说。相传，每年

28、的这个夜晚， 天上的织女都会与牛郎相会。所以， 在七夕的夜晚， 人们可以看到牛郎织女在银 河 (the Milky Way)相会。姑娘们也会在这一天晚上向天上的织女乞求智慧， 以获得美满姻缘。 但随着时代的变迁， 这些活动正在消失， 唯有标志着忠贞爱情的牛郎织女的传说一直流传民间July 7th on the Chinese calendar is Chinese Qixi Festival, the most romantic of all the traditionalChinese holidays. Every year, some big businesses organize va

29、rious activities, and young people sendgifts to their lovers. As a result, the Qixi Festival is considered to be Chinese“Valentine Days”.TheQixi Festival is derived from the legend of Cowherd and Weaving Maid. The legend holds that on thisparticular night every year the Weaving Maid in heaven meets

30、with Cowherd. So, people can seeCowherd and Weaving Maid meeting in the Milky Way on the night of Qixi. On this night, girls would alsobeg Weaving Maid for some wisdom for a happy marriage. But, with the changing of times, theseactivities are diminishing. All that remains is the legend of Cowherd an

31、d Weaving Maid, a sign of faithfullove, continuously circulated among the folk.第五单元英翻中The Age of Discovery, also called the Age of Exploration, is a historical period of European globalexploration that started in the early 15th century and continued until the 18th century. It is usuallyregarded as a

32、 bridge between the Middle Ages and the Modern era, in the context of emerging westernimperialism and economic competition between European kingdoms seeking wealth through theestablishment of trade routes and colonies. Among many great explorers during this period, the mostoutstanding one was Christ

33、opher Columbus since he discovered the New World. European overseasexpansion led to the rise of colonial empires, with the contact between the Old and New Worldsproducing the exchange: a wide transfer of plants, animals, foods, culture, and so forth. Thisrepresented one of the most significant globa

34、l events concerning ecology, agriculture, and culture inhistory. European exploration allowed the global mapping of the world, resulting in a new world-view anddistant civilizations acknowledging each other.精选大发现年代，也被称为大勘探年代，是欧洲进行全球勘查的一个历史时期， 始于15世纪初并一直持续到18世纪。这一时期通常被认为是中世纪和近代之间 的桥梁，当时西方帝国主义刚兴起， 欧洲各

35、王国之间正在经济上互相竞争， 他们 想通过建立贸易路线和殖民地来寻找财富。 在这一时期众多伟大的探险家中， 最杰出的是克里斯托弗哥伦布，因为他发现了新大陆。欧洲的海外扩张导致了殖 民帝国的崛起，旧大陆与新大陆的接触也促成了两边的互相交换：大量的植物、 动物、食物、文化等得到迁移。这代表了历史上生态、农业和文化在全球范围内 最重大的活动之一。 欧洲大勘探让绘制全球性的世界地图成为可能， 从而使人们 看到一个新的世界与古老的文明正遥相呼应。中译英丝绸之路(Silk Road)是我国古代一条连接中国和欧亚大陆 (Eurasia)的交通线路，由于这条商路以丝绸贸易为主，故称 “丝绸之路 ”。作为国际贸

36、易的 通道和文化交流的桥梁， 丝绸之路有效地促进了东西方经济文化交流和发展， 对 世界文明进程有着深远影响。当前，在新的历史条件下，我国提出了 “一带一路 ”（One Belt, One Road）（即丝绸之路经济带”和“2世纪海上丝绸之路”）的战 略构想。 “一带一路 ”以合作共赢为核心，强调相关各国的互利共赢和共同发展。 这一战略一经提出即受到沿线各国的积极响应。The Silk Road is a traffic route in the ancient times connecting China andEurasia. This trade route focuses on the

37、trade of silk, hence the name“the SilkRAs an international trade channel and a bridge of cultural exchanges, the Silk Road effectively improvedthe economic and cultural exchanges and development between the East and the West, exerting aprofound impact on the progress of the world civilization. Nowad

38、ays, under the new historicalcircumstances, our country proposes the strategy of“One Belt, One Road”（namely the Silk RoadEconomic Belt and the 21st-century Maritime Silk Road）. The strategy of“One Belt, One Road”focuses oncooperation and mutual benefits, emphasizing mutual benefits, win-win, as well

39、 as commondevelopment of the related countries. Once proposed, the strategy has received positive responsesfrom the related countries along the road.第六单元英译中Minimalism （极简主义） is about getting rid of excess stuff and keeping only what you need.Minimalist living, in simplest terms, is to live with as l

40、ess as possible, mentally and physically until youachieve peace of mind. Results that ensue are less stress, more time, and increased happiness.Minimalists like to say that theyre living more meaningfully, more deliberately, and that the minimalistlifestyle allows them to focus on whatsmore importan

41、t in life: friends, hobbies, travel, experiences. Ofcourse, minimalism doesnt mean theres anything inherently wrongwith owning material possessions. Todays problem seems to be that we tend to givetoo much meaning to our things, often forsaking （抛弃） our health, our relationships, our passions, ourpersonal growth, and our desire to contribute beyond ourselves. In addition to its application in peoples daily life, minimalism also finds application inmany creative disciplines, including art, architecture, design, dan