英语词根词缀

1、WORDS前缀Prefix19.ex-/e- cut 出去exit n.出口exclusive adj.单独的，唯一的 exclusive interview 独家专访exaagerate v.夸大，夸张exceed vt.超过；超越excel v.胜过，杰出exalt v.赞扬extend v.(线)延长；夸张expand v.(面)扩张，膨胀expend v.花费；耗尽expire v.期满；到期explore v.探索export v.出口，输出explicate v.【正】阐述，引申 imolicate v.暗示，涉及explicit adj.明确的 implicit adj.暗示的，

2、含蓄的exploit v.开采，利用explode v.爆炸expertise n.专门知识，专门技术extinguish v.灭火，灭绝extract v.寄出，萃取20.extra 额外的extracurricular activity 课外活动extraterrestrial 地球外的，外星人extravagant adj.奢侈的21.homo- 同 hetero- 异homogeneous 同性恋homogenous 同类的heterogeneous 异类的homo erectus 直立的人homo sapiens 智人22.hyper- 高，超 hypo- 低，次hypermarke

3、t 超市hyperbole 夸张法hyperactive 活动过度的；极度活跃的hypothesis n.假设；假说23.in- /im- /il- /ir- 里面incline v.倾向于 incentive n.动机；刺激；诱因；鼓励adj.刺激性的 take incentives to do corporation incorporated=Inc(并购出来的）indicate vt.指出 index 指数；索引infer v.推导，推测ingenious adj.天生灵巧的ingenuity =cleverness habitat n.栖息地 inhabit v.居住 intern r

4、esident 住院实习医生 habitant=resident=dweller 居民innovate v.创新 innovation Patriot (父亲的，父系的) 爱国者 partriotism爱国主义inclusiveness virtue 美德in a vicious/virtuous circleinject v.注射 injection drug user Blockbuster(街区，炸弹）超级大片insist vt.坚持声称severe=serious inspect检查，视察inspire 鼓舞 inspiration 灵感Thomas Edison once said,

5、 genius is 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration Im sweating 我在流汗instinct n.本能distinct adj.明显的，有区别的 distinguish v.区分；辨别extinct adj.破灭的；绝种的 extinguish v.熄灭；使不复存在intricate adj.复杂难懂的trick n.小把戏intrigue n.诡计；v.引起兴趣instruct v.命令 n.说明instructions 说明书intrude v.插入invade v.侵入，侵略；袭来，侵袭 invasion n.入侵，侵略；侵害，侵犯 （g

6、o）incursion v.侵略，侵犯 =aggression（go）invest v.投资，投入 investment n.投资物，投资额introduce foreign investment 引进外资investigate v.调查，研究FBI =Federal Bureau(办公桌) of investigation involve be involved in包(the case )impair 损害，削弱 repair v.修复impact v.影响(正式） influence n.（好的）影响 affect v.(坏的）影响 effect n.影响imply v. 暗示 impl

7、ication impressionism n.印象派impetus (追求）=stimulus 激励的东西impulse v.冲动，脉搏，冲击immigrant 移民 immigrate移入migrate v.迁徙 emigrant n.移居外国人migrant workers 农民工，迁徙的工人illustration 插图 ill1，ill2illustrate v.用图例说明irrigate v.灌溉 irrigation n.灌溉irritate v.激怒 irritable adj.易怒的阐明 explain explicate elaborate elucidate illust

8、rate illuminate interpret 口译 clarify 澄清说明specify 详细的说明 24inter- betweenthe internet n.互联网 interaction v.互动 interrupt v.从中打断interval n.间隔 unveil 揭幕25.infra- 下inferior to/superior to-eme extreme supremeinfrastructure n.基础设施infrared ray 红外线 ultraviolet ray 紫外线 spectrum 光谱26.macr- 宏，大 micro- 微，小microwav

9、e oven 微波炉macro-economy 宏观经济microscope 显微镜 scope/scale 范围macrocosm 大宇宙 cosmology 宇宙学microcosm 小宇宙27.maxi- 最大 mini-最小 pl. adj. v.maximum 最大化 -a al izeminimum 最小化master n.大师；硕士 bachelor n.学士 doctor n.博士MBA=Master of Business Administration 工商管理硕士minister n.大臣；部长 administer v.管理prime minister （君主制的）总理

10、premier（共和制的）总理delta n.三角洲28.mis- 错误mistake n.错误 v.弄错；误解misunderstand v.误解 stood.up .被放鸽子stand ones head 倒立mislead v.误解 misledmisconduct v.处理不当 conductor n.售票员；（乐队）指挥；fortune n.幸运；财富 misfortune n.不幸；厄运misconception n.错误的观点29.mono- onemonolog n.独白 soliloquyCarbon monoxide 一氧化塘monoculture n.单一耕作制 rota

11、tion n.轮作；自转 revolution n.公转；革命monopoly n.垄断多monotonous adj.单调的 =repetitioustone 语调30.multi- 多，很多multimedia n.多媒体multiple adj.多样的multiply v.乘；繁衍 divide 除multicultural adj.多文化的multinational 跨国的genre 体裁31.ob-/op- 反，对obstacle n.障碍物oppose v.反对opposite adj./n. antithesisopponent n.敌手obsess v.对.着迷 be obse

12、ssed with. 被.迷惑object n.物体 v.反对objective adj.客观的 n.目标=goalsubject n.科目；主题；实验对象；主体 v.隶属于 be subject to. 易.遭受subjective adj.主观的UFO=unidentified flying objectidentity n.身份 identification card 身份证32.over- 高，超overlook v.鸟瞰；俯视 （无意）忽视 =neglect ignore (有意的)oversee v.监督 =supervise watchdog n.监督人员overwhelm v.

13、压倒；淹没the overwhelming majorityoverlap v.重叠（过去式 overlapped）overcome v.克服；战胜overdue adj.过期的overcrowded adj.拥挤的overdraw vt.透支 deposit/withdrawal 取钱A has overlain B33.per- through 通过;彻底persist v.坚持 in doing sth. persistence n.坚持persevere v.坚忍，熬住；坚持 perseverance n.毅力peril n.危险perilous adj.危险的 =dangerousp

14、erish v.死去 =die awayperspective adj.透视的 n.角度 from my perspective Perspire v.出汗 perspiration n.汗水permanent adj.永久的phD =permanent head damage 博士perennial adj.永久的perpetual adj.贬永久的 Life is a perpetual struggle.Virginia Wolfperfume n.香水 fume n.难闻的气味perform v.表演；表演 n. performancepervade v.渗透，弥漫 pervasion

15、 n.渗透，弥漫permeate v.渗透，弥漫penetrate v.渗透，弥漫perplex v.令人困惑 =confuse/puzzle/bewilder34.post- 后posterior v.在之后 prior to 在之前posterity n.后代descendant post graduation n.研究生undergraduate n.本科生postscript n.附言 P.Spostpone v.推迟preposterous adj.荒谬的 =ridiculous35.pre-/pro- 前priority n.优先 make sth. the top priorit

16、yprevious adj.先前的；以前的preview v.预习pre-schooling 学前班precede v.先于发生 precedent n.先例；先辈 pioneer n.先驱unprecedented adj.史无前例的predict v.预测 prediction n.预测predecessor n.前任；前辈 successor n.继任predominant adj.超越的；支配的 domain v.统治，支配；范围，领域prescribe v.开处方 prescription n.处方 recipe n.食谱；处方；秘诀preside v.主持 president n.

17、总统；大学校长；总裁prevail v.盛行 prevalent adj.盛行的；流行的Plastic surgery 整容Cosmetic surgery整容preface n.前言 =prologuepreliminary adj.预备的 n.预选赛profile n.轮廓；侧面像；人物简介 file v.纵队行进keep a low profile 低调profound adj.意义深刻的prolong v.延长propose v.建议proposal n.报告；提议；求婚proponent n.倡导者 =advocateprosper v.繁荣，昌盛project n.工程；项目 v.

18、投射，投影；预测program n.项目；节目；程序36.re- (1)againredial v.重播 dial 日晷；拨号recycle v.循环renew v.续借；更新renewable resources 可再生能源reform n./v.改革 reform and opening-up 改革开放 recognize v.认出 cognitive adj.认知的recreation n.消遣娱乐recruit v./n.招聘；征募register v.登记，注册release v.释放relieve v.缓解，减轻 =alleviate renovate v.翻新 innovate

19、v.创新represent v.代表n.代表（人大，公司法人····） resign v.辞职 =quitrespire v.呼吸respiratory system 呼吸系统SARS =Severe Acute Respiratory Syndromerestrict v.限制restrain v.抑制resort n.度假胜地reserve v.保留reservoir n.水库entrepreneur n.企业家enterprise n.企业revolve v.旋转revolution 公转 rotation自传(2)backrecall v.召回；

20、唤起recover v.恢复（身体，经济）recede v.倒退 recessionreflect v.反射；反思flexible adj.灵活的refraction n.折射 refuge n.避难所 refugee 难民reject v.驳回，拒绝resist v.反抗，抵抗Water Resistant 防水proofreading 校对revenue n.收入，岁入（总） avenue林荫大道reverse v.翻转 reverse the trend 逆袭reveal v.揭露（veil）37.semi- 一半semifinal n.半决赛semiconductor n半导体（物）s

21、emiarid adj.半干旱的semi-synthetic v.半合成 synthesis 合成seminar n.学术讨论会symposium n.学术研讨会Workshopsemester n，学期termhemisphere n，半球 left /right38sub-/sus-下subway n.地铁submarine n.潜水艇submerge v.下潜 submit提交/submission sent 送subconscious adj.潜意识的make people more aware of environmental protection questionnaire n.调

22、查问卷subordinate adj.从属的顺序subsequent adj.后来的 最后的successive adj.后续的；相继的subsidy n.补贴;津贴；助学金subsidize v.补贴substance n.物质substantial adj.实质性的considerable adj.相当多的subtropical adj.亚热带的subtitle n.副标题；字幕subtract v.减去suspect v.怀疑 n.嫌疑犯suspend v.悬挂 suspend a drivers license 吊销驾照sustain v.支撑，维持maintain sustainab

23、le development 维持可持续发展39.super-/sur- 超，高 superior/inferior 高于/劣与supervise v.监督 supervisor/tutor n.导师superficial adj.表面的；肤浅的 Beauty is skin deep. 肤浅的supernatural adj.超自然的superstition n.迷信supreme adj.最高的surmount v.超越 =surpasssurrealism n.超现实主义surroundings =circumstancesurveillance n.监视survey n./v.调查su

24、rvive vt.存活，超过.还活着The old lady suvives her 3 children. 这个Victim n.受害者40.sym-/syn samesymphony n.交响乐 声音sympathy n.同情antipathy n.反感apathy n.无情empathy n.移情作用telepathy n.心灵感应远程的symmetry n.对称 asymmetry n.不对称synthesis n.合成 photosynthesis n.光合作用symposium n.学术研究会symptom n.症状 rolling nose 流鼻涕synchronize v.同步

25、 lip-sync v.假唱 chron41.tele远程的telegram n.电报telecommunication n.通信satellite 卫星telescope n.望远镜teleprompter n.电子提词机42.trans(1)acrosstransport n./v.运送运输carrytransmit v.传输sendtransit v./n. 过渡transparent adj.透明的 -apparenttransfer v./n.转让；转学(2)changetransform v.改变；改观；变换 transformer n.变压器translate v.改变；翻译tr

26、ansplant v.移植transaction n.交易transcribe v.誊写 transcript n.成绩单；文本 =typescripttrans-gender 变性人trans-genetic 转基因食品 =genetically modified food43.un- 否定44.under- 下underlie v.给打基础(underlain)underline n.下划线 /v.强调undermine v.削弱；破坏矿，地雷underground 地铁=metro/tubeundergraduate n.本科生undergo v.经历(过去式underwent) =ex

27、perienceundertake v.支撑，维持；从事 social undertakings 社会服务类underwear n.内衣 wear a practiced smileundernourishment 营养不足malnutrition 营养不良maliciousmalignmaltreat45.uni- oneunique adj.独一无二的 eunuchunparalleled adj.天下无敌的，举世无双的uniform n.制服/adj.统一的universe n.宇宙universal adj.普遍的Its universally acknowledged thatuni

28、lateralism n.单边主义46urb-/poliy- 城市 tur-/rus- 乡村urban 都市的suburb 郊区 rural 乡镇的词根 Roots1.act-/ag act 行动；扮演active/passiveoptimistic/pessimisticactivate v.激活interaction n.互动reaction n.反应transaction n.交易agent n.代理人，特工;试剂agency n.代理机构 travel agency 旅游公司CIA=Central Intelligence Agencyagitate v.煽动；鼓吹agenda n.日

29、事日程(以事为主） put sth. on the agenda 把推上日程agendum n.2.capt-/cept-/cip-/ceiv- take 拿，抓capture v.捕捉capable adj.有能力的be capable of dong=be able to capacity n.容量accept v.接受exception n.例外 exceptional adj.不一般的anticipate v.预测principal adj.主要的；n.中学校长principle n.原理；原则recipe n.菜谱 receipt n.收据perceive v.感觉，感知3.ced-

30、/-ceed/cess goaccede v.同意secede v.脱离concede v.让步 concession n.租界precede v.先于发生unprecedented adj.史无前例的exceed v.超过successor n.继任者predecessor n.access v.进入/n.通道 have free access to. 免费使用.accessible adj.可接近的proceed v.继续 withprocedure n.步骤4.cid-/cis-(1)fallaccident noccident n.西方orient n.东方 oriental adj.

31、西方的incidence n.发生率；入射incident n.小事 event n.重大事件Ministry Of Foreign Affairs 外交部Love affair 绯闻gossip 八卦coincide v.巧合（2）kill/cutdecision-maker n.决策者suicide n.自杀 commit suicidepesticide n.杀虫剂 herbicide n.除草剂genocide n.种族灭绝matricide n.弑母maternal adj.母系的paternal adj.父系的patriotism homicide n.杀人precise adj.

32、精确的5.cut 耕作 tillmonoculture n.单一耕作制agriculture n.农业aquiculture n.水产养殖业horticulture n.园艺业cultivate v.耕作；培养 cultivate talents 培养人才6.cur-/curs-(1)runcurrent adj.现在的/n.趋势；电流；水流；涌流currency n.货币curriculum n.课程设置extracurricular activities 课外活动incursion n.侵犯；侵略excursion n.远足；郊游occur v.发生(过去式occurred)concur

33、v.同时发生（2）carecurious adj.好奇的cure v.治愈 heal v.伤口愈合accurate adj.准确的secure adj.安全的security check 安检public security 公安=共公安局security council 安全理事会7.dict- speakpredict v.预言 prophet n.先知contradiction paradox 悖论addict v.上瘾/n.瘾君子indicate v.指出 index n.指数benediction n.祝福flatter vt.奉承dedicate v.奉献 =devote8.duct

34、-/duc- leadintroduce v.引进；介绍abduct v.诱导 =kidnapblackmail v.敲诈deduce v.演绎 deductioninduce v.归纳 inductionconduct an experiment 做实验9.equi-/equa- 等equal adj.平等/v.等于All men are created equal. 人生而平等。equation n.等式equivalent adj.等价的/n.等价物equator n.赤道equivocal adj.模棱两可的 =ambiguous10.fact-/fect-/fic- do/makef

35、actor n.因素power plant 发电厂hydro-power plantthermo-power plant 火电电厂millfaculty n.教员 ；系 staff n.员工crew n.船员facilely n.设施；设备official facilities 办公设备facilitate v.使容易manufacturer n./v.制造affect v.(不好的)影响effective adj.有效的efficient adj.有效率的infect v.传染，感染infectious=contagious 传染的 n.过失；缺点artificial adj.人工的defi

36、cit n.赤字 fiscal deficit 财政赤字fiction n.小说novel 长篇小说 novelette 中篇小说prose n.散文narrative n.记叙文deficient adj.缺乏的sufficient adj.充足的 funddeficiency 11fer- bringprefer v.ce更喜欢，宁愿（过去式preferred）the experiencedconfer conference prerefer v.参考 reference book 参考书differ v.offeraquifer n.含水层fertilize v.施肥；授精fertile

37、 adj.肥沃的，高产的fertilizer n.化肥；授精者12.form- 形式formal adj.正式的 informal adj.不正式的formula n.方程式；公式；分子式；配方conform v.使.一致reform n./v.改革 reform and opening-up 改革开放deform v.变畸形13.gen-/gener birth/producegene n.基因genetics n.遗传学eugenics n.优生学eulogy 颂歌genuine adj.真正的authentic adj.真正的ingenious adj.灵巧的；精巧的homogeneou

38、s adj.同类的heterogeneous adj.异类的degenerate v.退化generate v.引起，形成；造成generation gap 代沟14.graph-/gram- writebiography n.传记bibliography n.参考书目calligraphy n.书法美丽demography n.人口统计学democraticdemographer n.人口统计学家geography n.地理photography n.摄影学pornography n.色情be exposed to pornography and violenttelegram n.电报di

39、agram n.图表program n.程序；节目；项目15.gress- goaggression n.侵略congress n.国会digress v.跑题progressive education 进步教育egress/ingress 出口/入口retrogress v.倒退 =recede16.hydro-/aqui- waterhydrogenhydrant hydro-power plantdehydrate v.脱水carbohydrateAquarius n.水瓶座aquarium aquicultureaquatic17.ject- 投掷castinject v.注射subj

40、ect v.隶属于，使遭受project v.投影；预测reject v.【正】驳回，拒绝 approveobject v.反对18.lect-/leg-(1)choosecollect v.收集 college n.大学colleague n.同事 =co-worker SOS=save our soulelectselect v.选择，分类选neglect v.忽略 =overlookscholar n.学者eligible adj.合格的 an eligible and qualified candidatecandid adj.坦白的（2）lecturedialect n.方言lege

41、nd n.传奇；图例allege v.爆料say something without proveallegory n.寓言 fablepilgrims progress 天路历程朝圣者legible adj.可以辨认的legal adj.合法的legitimate adj.合法的；正当的legislation 立法privilege n.特权19.log-/loq(1)speakdialog n.对白monolog n.自白prologue n.前言 =preface/forewoedscatalog n.目录apology n.道歉analogy n.类比eulogy n.赞扬，颂歌eloq

42、uent adj.雄辩的talkative adj.garrulous adj.喋喋不休的taciturn adj.沉默寡言的colloquial adj.口头的 =oralsomoquy(2)study 学archaeology n.考古学anthropology n.人类学astronomy n.天文学ecology n.生态学geology n.地质学entomology n.昆虫学 切割morphology n.形态学meteorology n.气象学 meteor n.流星theology n.神学 athesim n.无神论physiology n.生理学philanthropy2

43、0.meter-/me measure 量centimeter n.厘米cmmillimeter n.毫米kilometer n.千米 diameter n.直径symmetry n.对称geometry n.几何algebra n.代数cobra n.眼镜蛇dimension n.面积immense adj.巨大的=vast/large/enormous/tremendous/massive/titanic/gigantic/colossalgiant n.巨人 21.mod mode模式model n.模特module n.模块modulate v.调整FM= Frequncy Modul

44、ationmodify v.修改；修饰commodity n.商品accommodation n.食物22.mov-/mob-/mot-move v.搬运remove vt.mobile adj.移动的automobile adj.自动的mobilize v.动员demobilize v.复员-重新融入社会motor n.马达，发动机mob n.暴民motivate v.激发motif n.主旨promote v.提升；促进23.ori- rise/beginorient n.东方Examination-oriented education 应试教育orientate v.取向orientat

45、ion n.定向，定位，取向original adj.最初的 n.原稿replica n.复制品origin n.起源originate from derive from 起源于.aboriginal adj.原始的，土著的 =native24.pass(1)通过passage n.文章passport n.护照visa n.签证surpass v.超过impasse n.僵局 =deadlockcompass n.罗盘，指南针encompass v.包围，环绕（2）pathfeelingpassionate adj.热情的compassion n.怜悯，同情；恻隐之心sympathy n.同

46、情telepathy adj.apathy adj.无情的compatible adj.兼容的，和谐的25.ped-(1)footpedaladj.脚的，足的 n.踏板bipedadj.两足的n.两足动物quadruped n/a.四足动物（的）centipede n.蜈蚣pedestrian adj.步行的n.步行者equestrian n.骑马的人keep pace with the times 与时俱进impede v.妨碍，阻碍=hinder/hamper/curb/obstructimpedimentexpedition n.远征，探险 crusadeexpedite v.加快，促进

47、 expeditiousadj.迅速的expedient adj.方便的；权宜的podiatrist n.足病医生(2)child Pedagogy n.教学法，教育学pedology n.儿科学pediatristn.儿科医生pedantn.迂腐的教师，书呆子egghead pedantry adj.迂腐的，卖弄学问26 .pel,puls= drive/push 驱动，推compel v.强迫（-ll-） compulsionimpel v.推进，驱动 （-ll-）He was compelled by illness to suspend his experiment.He said h

48、e had been impelled to crime by pulsory adj.强制性的 compulsory education 义务教育required course/compulsory course 必修课 selective/elective/optional 选修课expel （-ll-）v. 开除，驱逐dispel （-ll-）v. 驱散（烟雾等）propel（-ll-） v. 推进repel （-ll-）v. 击退（敌人），使反感（re 反+pel推回去击退）"opposites attract" and "likes

49、 repel"pulsen.脉搏;脉冲 feelimpulse n.冲动，刺激（im内+pulse内在推动冲动）onnod into slicence27.phob,phobia= dislike 厌恶phobia n.十分厌恶，恐惧症hydrophobia n. 恐水症，狂犬病acrophobia n. 恐高症xenophobia n. 憎恨外国人者 test phobia n.考试恐惧症Sinophobe n. 敌视中国者28pend- / pens- (1) hang 悬挂suspension n.中止expireappendix n.附录，补遗；阑尾pendulum n.钟摆dispensable adj.可有可无的indispensable adj.不可缺少的，绝对必要的perpendicular adj.垂