2019上海奉贤区英语二模试卷

1、201学年奉贤区调研测试高三英语试卷(201904)考生注意：1 .考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。2 .本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。3 .答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquest

2、ionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1. A.Atanairport.B.Inanoffice.C.Atapolicestation.D.Atatravelagency.2. A.Do

3、wnjacketsarenowonsale.B. Shecan'tiwforthewintertoarrive.C. It'shardtoknowhowseverethewinterwillbeD. Sheneedsawarmjacket.3. A.Learningtodrive.B.Buyingtheinsurance.C.Buyingacar.D.Takingaplane.4. A.Ericwon'teatvegetablewithoutmeatB.Ericlikesbothvegetableandmeat.C.SomemeatwillsolveEric's

4、problemD.Ericisshortofvegetable.5. A.HeisinvasiveC.Heislife-threatening.6. A.Reviewsofthecomedyarenegative.C.Thereviewofthenewspaperisone-sided.B.Heisheroic.D.Heisawkward.B.Thereactiontothecomedyisvaried.D.Mediaareprejudicedagainstthecomedy.A. A.Deliverthepackageinperson.B. Pickupthepackageatthepost

5、office.C. Asktohavethepackagedeliveredtohishome.B.Itreceivedalowgrade.D.Thewomanhasnhandeditin.B.Hehaschairedalotofconferences.D.HelivedinSeattleformanyyears.D. Findouttheopeninghoursofthepostoffice.8. A.Ithasn'tbeengradedC.Thecommitteeisdiscussingit.9. A.HehasbeentoSeattlemanytimes.C.Heholdsahi

6、ghpositioninhiscompany.10. A.Itistoolateforthemantogotothetheatre.B. Peoplehavealreadybeenstandinginlinefortwohours.C. Themanmustwaitfortwohourstobuytheticket.D. Themancanbuyaspecialticketbeforethedramastarts.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwil

7、lbeaskedquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassagesandconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.B.Theysellvegetables.D.Theyarescientists.B.Eighthours.D.Fourteenhours.Q

8、uestions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11. A.Theyaregardeners.C.Theyrunaguesthouse.12. A.Fivehours.C.Twelvehours.13. A.Theyhavedeeperroots.C. Theyhavewiderleaves.B.Theydon'tneedsunshine.D. Theyhavebiggerflowers.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingnews.14. A.Itisproducedinsmallqua

9、ntities.B.Itissoldatalowerprice.C.ItisservedmainlyinMcDonalds.'D.Itisgrownfromcowsalone.sneeds.15. A.Thelandandthewatersystemhavebeenpollutedseriously.B. NotenoughmeathasbeenproducedtomeetpeopleC. Muchlandhasbeenusedupforanimalsandtheirfood.D.Ithasconsumedfewerandfewernaturalresources.16. A.Stea

10、ksandhamburgers.B.Animalrights.C.Thefoodcrisisinthefuture.D.Lab-grownmeat.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17. A.HeisanEnglishmanlivinginSweden.B. Heprefershotweathertocoldweather.C. HevisitsLondonnearlyeverywinter.B.Thebadweather.D.Thecoldhouses.C.Painful.D.Depressing.D. Helik

11、esSwedenbetterthanEngland.18. A.Thelongnight.C.Thegloomywinter.19. A.Delightful.B.Refreshing.20. A.Theyworkhardandplayhard.B. Theyoftenstayuplatereading.C. Theyliketogocampinginsummer.D. Theytrytoearnmoreandspendmore.II. GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillinthebla

12、nkstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.HowtoMaketheMostofYourLunchHourShouldyougrababiteatyourdeskoreatwithyourcolleagues?Thatdependsonwhatyouragendafortherestofthe

13、day.Lunchhours(21)(get)shorterandshorterandevendisappearinginsomepartsoftoday'workingworld.Withfeweremployees(22)(ask)toaccomplishmoreinaday,manyAmericanstreatlunchnotasabreakbutasjustanothertasktosqueezeintoanalreadyover-bookedday.Butdoquickmealsatthedeskactuallyimproveproductivityovermoreleisu

14、relymeals?Theresearchersonlystudied32employees,sothefindingsaredebatable.Butwhentheyassignedonegrouptoeatattheirdesksandanothertodinewithacolleagueatarestaurant,theyfoundthosewhoatelunchtogethershowedadecline(23)theirperformanceonteststhatmeasuredconcentration,memoryandtheabilitytocatcherrorsandread

15、emotionsinfacialexpressionsfollowinglunchthanbeforelunch.Bothgroupsatethesamemeals,butthosewhoatealonewereonlygiven20minutestoconsumetheirfood,(24)thepairedparticipantswereallowedonehourintherestaurant.Thosewhoatealonedidnothaveaslargeadropintheircognitiveprocessingasthosewhoateintherestaurant.Whatw

16、asresponsibleforthechange?Thereweretoomanyvariablesatplaytodeterminewhichhadthestrongestinfluenceoncognitivecontrol-wasitthecompanionship,orwasittherestaurantenvironment(25)otherdinerswerepresent,musicwasplayedandthemealwasservedbywaitstaff,orwasitthelongertimetoenjoythemeal?(26)factorwasresponsible

17、,thegroupthattookarestaurantlunchbreakcamebackmorerelaxed,saytheauthors,andthatlikelyaffectedtheircognitivesharpness.Sharingamealoutsidetheofficewithafriendappearstohavea(27)(calm)effect,andwhileitreducesintellectualskills,itmaydevelopsocialharmonyandteamwork,which(28)beanimportantfeatureofsomeworkt

18、asks.Butdon'feelsorryforthelonelunchers.Itturnsout(29)sincetheywereabletomaintaintheircognitiveskillsfollowingthemeal,theymightbeinabetterposition(30)(think)creativelyforprojectsthatrequiremoreinnovativesolutionsorapproaches.SectionBDirection:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwo

19、rdcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.involvingB.distinguishC.adaptedD.tailoredE.mediumF.gainsG.partiallyH.amazingI.definitelyJ.steerK.implicationsGenesThatMakeYouSmarterThecontributionsgenesmaketointelligenceincreaseaschildrengrowolder.Thisgoesagainsttheideamostpeopleholdthata

20、sweage,environmentalinfluencesgraduallyoverpowerthegeneticlegacy(遗产)wearebornwithandmayhave(31)foreducation.“Peopleassumethegeneticinfluencegoesdownwithagebecausetheenvironmentaldifferencesbetweenpeoplepileupinlife,“saysRoWehtaPwmfoundwasquite(32)andgoesintheotherdirection.”Previousstudieshaveshownv

21、ariationsinintelligenceare(33)duetogenetics.Tofindoutwhetherthisgeneticcontributionvarieswithage,Plomin'steamgathereddatafromsi:separatestudiescarriedoutin4countries,(34)atotalof11000pairsoftwins.Theresearcherstestedtwinsonreasoning,arithmeticsetc.tomeasureaquantitycalled"G'Eachstudyals

22、oincludedbothidenticaltwins,withthesamegenes,andfraternaltwins(异卵双生),sharingabouthalftheirgenes,makingitpossibleto(35)thecontributionsofgenesandenvironmenttotheirGscores.Plomin'steamcalculatedinchildhood,genesaccountforabout41percentofthevariationinintelligence.Inadolescence,thisroseto55percent;

23、byyoungadolescence,itwas66percent.Noone(36)knowswhytheinfluencefromgenesshouldincreasewithage,butPlominsuggeststhataschildrengetolder,theybecomebetterathandlingtheirenvironmenttosuittheirgeneticneeds,andsays“kidswithhighGwillusetheirenvironmenttodeveloptheircognitiveabilityandchoosefriendswhoarelike

24、-minded.Childrenwith(37)tolowGmaychooselesschallengingpastimesandactivities,furtheremphasizingtheirgeneticlegacy.”Isthereanywaytointerferewiththepattern?Perhaps."Theevidenceofstrongheritability(遗传可能性)doesn'meanthatthereisnothingyoucandoaboutit,saysSusanneJaeggi,“fromourownwork,theonesthatst

25、artedoffwithlowerIQscoreshadhigher(38)aftert,_,_”training.Plominsuggestsgeneticdifferencesmaybemoreemphasizedifallchildrenshareanidenticalcurriculuminsteadofitbeing(39)tochildren'snaturalabilitiesMytendencywouldbetogiveeveryoneagoodeducation,butputmoreeffortintothelowerend,“hesays.Intelligencere

26、searchersPaulThompsonagrees:"Itshowsthateducatorsneedto(40)kidstowardsthingsdrawingouttheirnaturaltalents.”III. ReadingComprehensionSectionADirection:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Opendata-shar

27、ersarestillintheminorityinmanyfields.Althoughmanyresearchersbroadlyagreethatpublicaccesstorawdatawouldpromotescience,mostare(41)toposttheresultsoftheirownlaboursonline.Somecommunitieshaveagreedtoshareonline-geneticists,forexample,postDNAsequencesattheGenBankrepository(库),andastronomersareaccustomedt

28、o(42)imagesofgalaxiesandstarsfrom,say,theSloanDigitalSkySurvey,atelescopethathasobservedsome500millionobjects-buttheseremainthe(43),nottherule.Historically,scientistshave(44)sharingformanyreasons:itisalotofwork;untilrecently,gooddatabasesdidnotexist;grantfunderswerenotpushingforsharing;ithasbeendiff

29、iculttoagreeonstandardsforformattingdata;andthereisnoagreedwaytoassigncreditfordata.Butthe(45)aredisappearinginpartbecausejournalsandfundingagenciesworldwideareencouragingscientiststomaketheirdata(46).Lastyear,theRoyalSocietyinLondonsaidinitsreportthatscientistsneedto(47)aresearchculturewheredataisv

30、iewedasprivatepreserve”.Fundingagenciesnotethatdatapaidforwithpublicmoneyshouldbepublicinformation,andthescientificcommunityisrecognizingthatdatacannowbesharedonlineinwaysthatwerenotpossiblebefore.Tomatchthegrowingdemand,servicesarespringinguptomakeiteasiertopublishresearchproducts(48)andenableother

31、researcherstodiscoverandcite(弓I用)them.Althoughcallstosharedataoftenconcentrateonthe(49)advantagesofsharing,thepracticeisnotpurelybeneficialtoothers.Researcherswhosharegetplentyofpersonalbenefits,includingmoreconnectionswithcolleagues,improved(50)andincreasedcitations.Themostsuccessfulsharers-thosewh

32、osedataaredownloadedandcitedthemostoften-getnoticed,andtheirworkgetsused.(51),oneofthemostpopulardatasetsonmultidisciplinaryrepositoryDryadisaboutwooddensityaroundtheworld;ithasbeen(52)5,700times.Co-authorAmyZannethinksthatusersprobablyrangefromclimate-changeresearcherswantingtoestimatehowmuchcarbon

33、isstoredinbiomass,toforesterslookingforinformationondifferentgradesoftrees."I'muchprefertohavemydatausedbythe(53)numberofpeopletoasktheirownquestions,“shesays.It'simportanttoallowreadersandreviewerstoseeexactlyhowyouarriveatyourresults.Publishingdataandcodeallowsyoursciencetobe(54).Even

34、peoplewhosedataarelesspopularcanbenefit.Bymakingtheefforttoorganizeandlabelfilessootherscariunderstandthem,scientistscanbecomemoreorganizedandbetterdisciplinedthemselves,thusavoiding(55)_lateron.41.A.restrictedB.reluctantC.desperateD.generous42.A.accessingB.processingC.analyzingD.identifying43.A.ass

35、umptionB.mysteryC.exceptionD.phenomenon44.A.longedforB.appealedtoC.focusedonD.objectedto45.A.symptomsB.barriersC.advantagesD.consequences46.A.controllableB.uniqueC.reliableD.public47.A.shiftawayfromB.endupwithC.giverisetoD.buildup48.A.secretlyB.digitallyC.ethicallyD.fairly49.A.materialB.individualC.

36、moralD.economic50.A.visibilityB.awarenessC.conditionD.confidence51.A.OnthecontraryB.AsaresultC.ForexampleD.Afterall52.A.downloadedB.updatedC.optimizedD.addressed53.A.moderateB.maximumC.averageD.estimated54.A.reversibleB.profitableC.reproducibleD.recognizable55.A.crisisB.confusionC.riskD.conflictSect

37、ionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Itwas1961andIwasinthefifthgrade.Mymarksinschoolweremiserable

38、and,thethingwas,Ididn'tknowenoughtoreallycare.MyolderbotherandIlivedwithMominahumblehouseinDetroit.WewatchedTVeverynight.ButonedayMomchangedourworldforever.SheturnedofftheTV.Ourmotherhadonlybeenabletogetthroughthirdgrade.But,shewasmuchbrighterandsmarterthanweboysknewatthetime.Shehadnoticedsometh

39、inginthesuburbanhousesshecleaned-books.Soshecamehomeoneday,snappedofftheTV,satusdownandexplainedthathersonsweregoingtomakesomethingofthemselves.Youboysaregoingtoreadtwobookseveryweek,“shesaid.Andyou'regoingtowriteareportonwhatyouread.”Wecomplainedabouthowunfairitwas.Besides,wedidn'thaveanybo

40、okseinthehouseotthanMom'sBible.Butsheexplainedthatwewouldgowherethebookswereregardlessofhowunwillingorevenangrywewere:lldriveyoutothelibrary.”SoprettysoontherewerethesetwopeevishboyssittinginhercarontheirwaytoDetroitPublicLibrary.Iwanderedreluctantlyamongthechildren'sbooks.Ilovedanimals,sowh

41、enIsawsomebooksthatseemedtobeaboutanimals,Istartedleafingthroughthem.ThefirstbookIreadclearthroughwasChiptheDamBuilder.Itwasaboutbeavers.ForthefirsttimeinmylifeIwaslostinanotherworld.Notelevisionprogramhadevertakenmesofarawayfrommysurroundingsasdidthisverbalvisittoacoldstreaminaforestandtheseanimals

42、buildingahome.Itdidn'tdawnonmeatthetimeubtheexperiencewasquitedifferentfromwatchingTV.Therewereimagesforminginmymindinsteadofbeforemyeyes.AndIcouldreturntothemagainandagainwiththeflipofapage.SoonIbegantolookforwardtovisitingthisquietrefugefrommyotherworld.NowmyolderbrotherisanengineerandIamadoct

43、or.SometimesIstillcan'tbelievemylifejoisrney,fromafailingandindifferentstudentinaDetroitpublicschooltothisposition,whichtakesmeallovertheworldtoteachandperformcriticalsurgery.ButIknowwhenthejourneybeganthedayMomsnappedofftheTVsetandputusinhercarforthatdrivetothelibrary.56. Wecanlearnfromthebegin

44、ningofthepassagethat.A. theauthorandhisbrotherhaddonewellinschoolB. theauthorhadbeenveryconcernedabouthisschoolworkC. theauthorhadspentmuchtimewatchingTVafterschoolD. theauthorhadrealizedhowimportantschoolingwas57. Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribetheauthor'smother?A.

45、 Tolerantanddecisive.B. Aggressiveandopen-minded.C. Determinedandfarsighted.D. Persistentandliterate.58. Theunderlinedwordpeevish“inthepassagecanbereplacedby.A.naughtyB.bad-temperedC.patientD.obedient59. TheauthorbegantolovebooksforthefollowingreasonsEXCEPTthat.A. hecouldconstantlyreviewtheplotsinth

46、ebooksB. hecouldvisualizewhathereadinhismindC. hecouldgetmanyrewardsfromhismotherD. herealizedthatbooksofferedhimnewexperience(B)NANCYDREWANDTHEHIDDENSTAIRCASE(PG)Age10+Sparklingbookadaptationhasgreatcharacters,somescares.NancyDrewandtheHiddenStaircase"isbasedonaclassic1930NancyDrewmysterybooka

47、ndisaimedatteensandyoungteens.Althoughthestoryinvolvesapoliticallymotivatedkidnappingandasupposedlyhauntedhouse,thescariestmomentisduringwhatturnsouttobeadreamsequence.Positivemessagesincludecourageandteamwork,andstrongrolemodels(mostlyfemale)areatthecenteroftheaction.(89minutes)WONDERPARK(PG)Age8+I

48、maginativebutintenseadventuredealswithworryandfear.WonderPark"isananimatedadventureaboutanimaginativegirlnamedJune(voicedbyBriannaDenski),who'sspentyearsdreamingupamagicalamusementparknamedWonderlandwithhermom(JenniferGarner).Youcanexpectplentyofaction(includingexplosionsandperil),aswellast

49、heloomingpresenceofworryandsadness,sinceJuneisdealingwiththefactthathermomhasaseriousillness.Thefilmcelebratesimagination,curiosityandperseverance,anditunderlinestheimportanceofnotlettingfearstopyoufrombeingyourselfanddoingwhatyoulove.(93minutes)CAPTIVESTATE(PG-13)Age14+Dark,disconnectedbutsmartalie

50、ninvasionmovie.CaptiveState"isanalien-invasionmoviesetinafutureChicago.Somehumanstrytocooperatewiththeconqueringaliens,whileotherstrytorebel;there'saverycomplexplanaheartofthestory.Violenceisthebiggestissue:Humansarekilled,bothvaporizedbyaliensandshotbyguns.Thereareexplosions,bloodsplatters

51、,gorysurgeries,grossalieneffects,cyanidepillsandlotsofchaosandstress.Themovieismoreaboutitsownbigideasthanaboutcharactersoremotions,butit'smartenoughthatitshouldpleasemostteenandadultsci-fifans.JohnGoodmanandVeraFarmigaco-star.(109minutes)FIVEFEETAPART(PG-13)Age13+Strongactingsavespredictable,se

52、ntimentallovestory.FiveFeetApart“isbasedonthebest-sellingYAnovelaboutWill(ColeSprouse)andStella(HaleyLuRichardson),twohospitalized17-year-oldswithcysticfibrosis(囊胞性纤维症)whofallinlove.Thestorypromotestreasuringthoseclosesttoyouandhasthemesofperseveranceandempathy.(115minutes)60. Ifyouarehookedonscienc

53、efictions,whichmoviewillyoupreferaccordingtothepassage?A.WONDERPARK.B.NANCYDREWANDTHEHIDDENSTAIRCASE.C.FIVEFEETAPART.D.CAPTIVESTATE.61. WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A. It'sappropriatetowatchthefilmCaptiveState“withayoungersisteraged5.B. ThemovieWonderPark"canteac

54、hyoutobebraveenoughtofacefear.C. YouareadvisedtowatchFiveFeetApart“ifyouarefreeforoneandhalfhours.D. NancyDrewandtheHiddenStaircase“isadaptedfromabest-sellingnovel.62. Afterreadingthepassage,wecan.A. knowaboutthebackgroundofthefilmproductionB. learnaboutthepopularityofthesefilmsC.gainathoroughunders

55、tandingofthefilmsD.havethebestoptionforthefilmwewant（C）Thecompanythatrevolutionizedthedeliveryofinformationnowaimstodothesamewithelectricity.TechnologypowerhouseGoogletodayannounceditwouldspendtensofmillions”ofdollarsnextyearinresearchanddevelopmentandinvestmentsinanefforttodrivedownthecostoflarge-s

56、calerenewableenergytomakeitcheaperthancoal.NotonlywillGooglebehiringengineersandenergyexpertsforitsnewinitiative,knownasRE<C（renewableenergyatlesscostthancoal）,butitalsowillmakeinvestmentsinnewcompanies-startingwiththosethatfocusonsolar-thermaltechnology,enhancedgeothermal,andhigh-altitudewindpow

57、er.“Cheaprenewableenergyisnotonlycriticalfortheenvironmentbutalsovitalforeconomicdevelopmentinmanyplaceswherethereislimitedaffordableenergyofanykind,“saidSergeyBrin,Googleco-founderandpresidentoftechnology,inapreparedstatement.Coalsupplies40percentoftheworld'selectricityandmorethanhalfofU.S.powe

58、r,andifcurrenttrendscontinue,itisexpectedtograbaneverincreasingsharebecauseitisaplentifulandcheapfuelforbigconsumersliketheUnitedStatesandRussia.Butcoalisalsotheworstfuelinitsproductionoftheglobalwarminggascarbondioxide.Googleco-founderLarryPagesaidthecompany'sgoalistoproduceonegigawatt（十彳乙瓦特）ofrenewableenergycapacitythatischeaperthancoalwithinyears,notdecades."Googlesaysthat'senoughelectricitytopoweracitythesizeofSanFrancisco（about330,000households）.Google,locatedinMountainView,Calif.,saiditwasinitial