82000吨船主要机械设备估算书解析

1、.主要参数1.主尺度总长229.00m两柱间长223.50m船宽32.26m设计吃水12.20m型深20.20m2.续航力和航速在设计吃水12.20m时服务航速14.5节，本船续航力为22000海里，航行时间为1517.2小时。3. 主机MANB&W7S50MC-CMK7一台主机燃烧重油，粘度为380cSt/50C。4. 主发电机组发电机组功率620kW(柴油机功率680kW)三台航行时仅用一台发电柴油机燃烧重油，粘度为380cSt/50C。5. 组合锅炉一台燃油侧：1.5t/hX0.7MPa废气侧：1.2t/hX0.7MPa锅炉燃烧重油，粘度为380cSt/50C。二燃油消耗量计算：主机最大

2、功率MCR：11060kwX127r/min燃油消耗率(MCR)：171g/kW.h主机服务功率CSR：9401kwX120.3r/min燃油消耗率(CSR)：167.5g/kW.h正常航行时发电柴油机功率：680kW(负荷系数90%)发电机组功率：620kW燃油消耗率：196.4g/kW.h试验用燃油低热值：42707kJ/kg(10200kcal/kg)380cSt/50C燃油低热值：40612kJ/kg(9700kcal/kg)燃料油的折算系数：10200/9700=1.05每个航次耗油量为：(9401kWX0.1675kg/kW.h+680kWX0.1964kg/kW.hX90%)X1

3、517.2hX1.05X10-3=(1574.67+120.20)X1517.2X1.05X10-3=2700.03t三燃油舱舱容380cSt/50C燃料油比重：1.01t/m3柴油比重：0.9t/m3所需燃油舱容积：2700.0321.01=2673.3m3本船燃油舱总容积应不小于2674m3(包括柴油)。四分油机容量的估算：1燃油分油机按规格书及厂家推荐自动排渣燃油分油机(380cSt/50C)有效容量：V=(11060kWX0.171kg/kW.h+680kWX0.1964kg/kW.hX90%)X24X1.18/(1.01X24)=2350l/h选用实际有效排量不小于2350l/h的燃

4、油分油机2台。2主机滑油分油机按MANB&W推荐值0.136l/kW.h,主机滑油分油机的有效容量：V2=11060kWX0.136l/kW.h=1504.2l/h选用实际有效排量不小于1504.2l/h的主机滑油分油机2台。3付机滑油分油机选用实际有效排量为550l/h的付机滑油分油机1台。五机舱通风的估算：(参照ISO8861-1998造船一柴油机船的机舱通风一设计要求和计算依据按照海上航行时的最大工况(主机在MCR11060kW,发电机组开1台同时工作)来计算。1. 设备燃烧所需要的空气量qc主机燃烧的空气量qdp：按照MANB&W7S50MC-CMK7主机，其燃烧空气耗量为：qdp=2

5、7.9kg/sx360021.13=88884.96m3/h发电柴油机燃烧的空气量qdgdgPdgxmad680x0.00203=1.2035m3/s=4333m3/hpdg发电柴油机在最大输出功率时的轴功率mad发电柴油机燃烧所需要的空气量，取mad=0.002kg/kW.s对四冲程柴油机）p干燥空气比重1.13kg/m3（在35C，相对湿度70%和气压101.3kPa时）设备燃烧所需要的空气qCqc=qdp+qdg=88884.96+4333=93217.96m3/h2. 设备散热所需要的空气量qh主机的散热量0dp按照MANB&W7S50MC-CMK7主机，散热量为：0=1.3%x110

6、60=143.78kWdp主发电柴油机散热量0dgAh40=Pxd=680x=27.2kW发电机在最大输出功率时的轴功率680kWdgdg100100发电柴油机的热损失，取hd=4dPdgd蒸汽、凝水管的散热量0pAh0.20=mxp=720.6x=1.44kWpsc1001001500x661m=720.6kW蒸汽总热耗量，每1kW相当于1.6kg/hsc860x1.6msc饱和蒸汽热焓为661kcal/kg，1kW=860kcal氐h蒸汽管和凝水管每1kW蒸汽热耗量的散热量，取h=0.2pp发电机的散热量0g因为是采用水冷却发电机，故发电机的散热量忽略不计。0=0g电气设备散热量0el0=

7、Px1=620x1=62kWelg100100P柴油发电机组功率620kWg排气管的散热量0ep0=25X0.46+12X1X0.32=15.82kWep主机排气管约25m，每台发电柴油机排气管约12m。(设在机舱棚和烟道内的排气管长度不计)。油舱柜的散热量0t申t=35X0.06+61X0.02+430X0.02=12.20kW重燃油日用柜43m?,重燃油沉淀柜72m?,燃油舱柜409m?。其它设备散热0o工作空压机散热量：25kW0=25kWo设备散热所需要的空气量qh(+)()q=如虫pgatox3600-0.4xq+q)hpxcxATdpd=(143.78+27.2+1.44+0+62

8、+15.82+11.92+25)x3600-0.4x(88884.96+4333)1. 13x1.01x12.5=72463.05-37287.18=35175.87m3/h0dp0g0o各设备的散热量kWdpgoc干燥空气的比热，取1.01kJ/kgCT机舱空气允许的温升，取At=12.5C3. 机舱通风量Q机舱总通风量Q取下列2种计算的最大值。按照ISO8861-1998的要求计算：Q=qc+qh=93217.96+35175.87=128393.83m3/h按规格书及ISO8861-1998要求计算：机舱最小通风量为燃烧空气量Q(包括柴油机和燃油锅炉)的150%，故Q=1.5xqc=15

9、0%X93217.96=139826.94m3/h由以上所计算的结果，选用4台容量不小于35000m3/h的轴流风机，可满足要求。六舱底泵、消防总用泵及应急消防泵容量计算：1舱底泵Qb根据2007ABS规范，舱底水总管内径不少于下列公式计算值：d=25+1.68x.L(B+D)=25+1.68223.5x(32.26+20.20)=206.9mm1x1根据2007ABS规范，机舱舱底水支管内径不少于下列公式计算值：d2=25+2.16xv72(B+D)=25+2.1621.2x(32.26+20.20)=97.04mm根据2007ABS规范，装货处所舱底水支管内径不少于下列公式计算值：d3=2

10、5+2.16x、；13(B+D)=109.3mm式中：L1船长223.50ml2机舱长21.20ml3最长货舱长29.04mB船宽32.26mD型深20.20m选取：舱底水总管直径：200mm机舱舱底水支管直径100mm货舱舱底水支管直径：125mm每台舱底泵容量：25+2.16x29.04x(32.26+20.20)Qb=0.00565d2=0.00565X206.92=241.86m3/h2.消防总用泵Qf消防泵总排量：44Q=-Q=-x241.86二322.48m3/hf3b3按照规范对于货船消防泵总排量不用大于180m3/h,每台消防泵排量为90m3/h。3选用舱底消防总用泵2台，每台

11、容量为：125/245m3/hX0.9/0.3MPa。应急消防泵Qef按SOLAS要求,应急消防泵的排量应不小于消防泵排量的40%。即Qef240%X180=72(m3/h)选用应急消防泵1台,排量为72m3/hX0.8MPa。七.机舱co2灭火系统计算已知机舱容积（包括机舱棚）所需的CO2气体容积：已知机舱容积（不包括机舱棚）所需的CO2气体容积：所需最大的CO2量：选用的68升（45kg）CO2气瓶所需最大的CO2瓶数：CO2瓶数不小于134瓶。9339m335%X9339=3268.65m38435m340%X8435=3374m33374/0.56=6025kg6025/45=133.

12、9瓶八.冷却水热平衡估算(按主机发出最大连续功率和二台发电机组同时工作，而造水机不工作时估算)1淡水冷却系统的估算序号名称热交换量(kW)进水量(m3/h)淡水进口温度(0C)淡水出口温度(0C)备注1主机空冷器43601803656.82主机滑油冷却器9101203642.53主机缸套水1610(100)42.556.34(1) 主发电柴油机(包括空冷器、滑油冷却器和缸套水冷却器)(2) 发电机冷却水2x5022x483648.3按2台同时工作2x502x153638.95主空压机252X1.53650.3按1台工作6冷藏冷凝器8.62X6.53637.1按1台工作7中央空调冷凝器2X185

13、2X42.13639.8按2台同时工作8机舱集控室单元空调机184.53639.49厨房单元空调机184.53639.410机修间单元空调机184.53639.411中间轴承533637.4总计8446.6542.73649.42.中央冷却器和大气冷凝器容量的估算序号名称容量(kW)进水量(m3/h)进口温度(0C)出口温度(0C)备注1中央板式冷却器2X4223.3海水侧2x3073243.8淡水侧2x27249.4362大气冷凝器8004632473.低温淡水泵、海水泵及中央冷却器的确定低温淡水泵根据上面第1条的估算，淡水泵的总容量不小于542.7m3/h。实际上选用两台低温淡水泵，每台容

14、量为560m3/hX0.30MPa。一台泵运转，另一台备用。海水泵根据上面第2条的估算，实际上选用两台海水泵，每台容量为660m3/hX0.25MPao一台泵运转，另一台备用。中央冷却器根据上面第2条的估算，中央冷却器的总容量不小于8446.6kW，两台中央冷却器，每台容量不小于5068kW(每台容量按60%)。4. 冷却系统热平衡估算简图见表1o九蒸汽热平衡估算蒸汽热平衡估算见下表。由蒸汽热平衡估算结果可选用一台组合锅炉，容量为燃油侧1500kg/hX0.7MPa,废气侧1200kg/hX0.7MPa。.MAINPORAMETER1.MaindimensionsLengtho.a.229.0

15、0mLengthp.p.223.50mBreadMLD.32.26mDesigndraft.12.20mDepthMLD.20.20m2. EnduranceandspeedEnduranceatthedesigneddraft12.20mandtheservicespeedof14.5knotstobe22000nmile(voyagetimefor1517.2hours).3. MainengineMANB&W7S50MC-CMK71setMainenginecombustionH.F.O.visc.380cSt/50C.4. DieselgeneratorsGeneratoroutput

16、:620kW(dieselgeneratorengine680kW)3setsTobeusedforone(1)setatnormalvoyage.DieselgeneratorenginecombustionH.F.O.visc.380cSt/50C.5. Compositeboiler1setOilfiredsection:1500kg/hx0.7MPaExhaustgassection:abt.1200kg/hx0.7MPaCompositeboilercombustionH.F.O.visc.380cSt/50C.II. CALCULATIONOFFUELOILCONSUMPTIONS

17、pecifiedmaximumcontinuousratingofmainengine:11060kWx127r/minFueloilconsumption(MCR):171.0g/kW.hContinuousserviceratingofmainengine:9401kWx120.3r/minFueloilconsumption(CSR):167.5g/kW.hDieselgeneratorsenginepoweratnormalvoyage:680kW(90%rating)Generatorpower:620kWFueloilconsumption:196.4g/kW.hFueloillo

18、wcalorificvaluefortest:42707kJ/kg(10200kcal/h)Heavyfueloillowcalorificvaluefor380cSt/50C:40612kJ/kg(9700kcal/h)Reducedcoefficientoffueloil:10200/9700=1.05Fueloilconsumptioneachvoyage:(9401kWX0.1675kg/kW.h+680kWX0.1964kg/kW.hX90%)X1517.2hX1.05X10-3=(1574.67+120.20)X1517.2X1.05X10-3=2700.03tIII. FUELT

19、ANKSCAPACITYSpecifiedgravityofheavyoil(380cSt/50C):1.01t/m3Specifiedgravityofdieseloil:0.9t/m3Requiredcapacityofheavyfueloiltanks:2700.03321.01=2673.3m3Thetotalcapacityoffueloiltanksisnotlessthan2674m3(includeD.O.tanks).W.ESTIMATIONOFSEPARATOR1. FueloilseparatorAccordingtospecificationandmakerrecomm

20、enddata,effectivecapacity(H.F.O.visc.380cSt/50.):V1=(11060kWX0.171kg/kW.h+680kWX0.1964kg/kW.hX90%)X24X1.18/(1.01X24)=2350l/hChooseFueloilseparatoreffectivecapacitynotlessthan2350l/h,2set.2. M/ElubricatingoilseparatorAccordingtoMANB&W7S50MC-Crecommenddata0.136l/kW,effectivecapacity:V=11060kWX0.136l/k

21、W.h=1504.2l/h2ChooseM/Elubricatingoilseparatoreffectivecapacitynotlessthan1504.2l/h,2set.3. A/ElubricatingoilseparatorChooseA/Elubricatingoilseparatoreffectivecapacity550l/h,1set.V.ESTIMATIONOFENGINEROOMVENTILATIONTheestimationisrefertoISO8861-1998SHIPBUILDINGENGINEROOMVENTILATIONINDIESEL-ENGINEDSHI

22、PSDESIGNREQUIREMENTSANDBASISOFCALCULATIONSEstimationaccordingtomaximumoperatingcondition(atMCR11060kWofthemainengine,dieselgeneratorengineoneset)1. Sumofairflowforcombustionqcengineqdp.AirflowforcombustionformainAccordingtoMANB&W7S50MC-CMK7recommendairflowforcombustion:qdp=27.9kg/sx3600三1.13=88884.9

23、6m3/h(2).Airflowforcombustionfordieselgeneratorengineqddgpxmdgad680x0.00203=1.2035m3/s4333m3/hpdgistheservicestandardpowerofthedieselgeneratorengineatmaximumpoweroutput,inkilowatts.madistheairrequirementfordieselenginecombustion,inkilogramsperkilowattsecond.mad=0.002kg/kW.sfor4-strokeengines.p1.13kg

24、/m3(i.e.thedensityofair,at+35C,70%RHand101.3kPa).2. Airflowforevacuationofheatemissionqh(1).HeatemissionfrommainenginedpAccordingtoMANB&W7S50MC-CrecommendHeatemission:=1.3%x11060=143.78kWdp(2).HeatemissionfromdieselgeneratorenginedgAh4Q=Pxd=680x=27.2kWdgdg100100pdgistheservicestandardpowerofthediese

25、lgeneratorengineatmaximumpoweroutput,680kW.氐hdistheheatlossfromthedieselenginehd=4).Heatemissionfromsteamandcondensatepipes申Ah0.2Q=mxp=720.6x=1.44kWpsc100100m=1500x661=720.6kWsc860x1.6mscisthetotalsteamconsumption,inkilowatts，1kW-1.6kg/hofsteamEnthalpyofsaturatedsteamis661kcal/kgatfeedwatertemperatu

26、re60C.1kW=860kcal卜histheheatlossfromsteamandcondensatepipesinpercentageofthesteamconsumptioninkilowatts/h=0.2p(4)HeatemissionfromalternatorsgBecausethealternatorisfreshwatercoolingtype,sothatheatemissionfromalternatorshallbeignore。g=0(5).HeatemissionfromelectricalinstallationelQel=Pgx蛊=620x需=62kWPis

27、thedieselgeneratorpower,inkilowatts,620kW.Heatemissionfromexhaustpipesep=25X0.46+12X1X0.32=15.82kWepmainengineexhaustpipes,abt.25m;eachdieselgeneratorengineexhaustpipes,abt12m；(excludetheexhaustpipeslengthaboveenginecase)(7).Heatemissionfromhottanks0t(pt=35X0.06+61X0.02+430X0.02=11.92kWH.F.O.service

28、tanks:35m2,H.F.O.sett.tanks:61m2,H.F.O.tanks:430m2.HeatofemissionfromothercomponentspoHeatofemissionfromworkingaircompressor:25KwAirflowforevacuationofheatemissionqh(+)()q=dpdgpgeitox3600-0.4xq+q)hpxcxATdpd1.13x1.01x12.5=(143.78+27.2+1.44+0+62+15.82+11.92+25)x3600-0.4x(88884.96+4333)=72463.05-37287.

29、18=35175.87m3/hpdppgpo-istheheatemissionforeachtypeequipments,inkilowatts.cisthespecificheatcapacityoftheair(1.01kJ/kg.C)AT-istheincreaseoftheairtemperatureintheengineroom,i.e.thedifferencebetweeninletandoutlettemperaturemeasuredatdesignconditions12.5C.3. EngineroomventilationQAccordingtoISO8861-199

30、8requirements,thetotalairflowQtotheengineroomshallbeatleastthelargervaluethetwofollowingcalculations:AccordingtoISO8861-1998requirementsestimationQ=qc+qh=93217.96+35175.87=128393.83m3/hAccordingtothespecificationandISO8861-1998requirementsestimationTheminimumairflowfortheengineroomshallnotbelessthan

31、theairflowofcombustion(enginesandboiler)plus50%.Q=1.5xqc=150%X93217.96=139826.94m3/hChoosefour(4)setsaxialfan,eachcapacityisnotlessthan34957m3/h.寸.CAPACITYCALCULATIONOFBILGEPUMP、FIREGENERALSERVICEPUMP&EMERGENCYFIREPUMP1. BilgepumpsQbAccordingto2007ABS,theinternaldiameterofbilgemainpipeforC/Hisnottob

32、elessthanthediametergivenbythefollowingformula:d=25+1.68L(B+D)=25+1.68223.5x(32.26+20.20)=206.9mmAccordingto2007ABS,theinternaldiameterofbilgebranchforengineroomisnottobelessthanthatobtainedfromthefollowingformula:d2=25+2.16xjl2(B+D)=25+2.1621.2x(32.26+20.20)=97.04mmAccordingto2007ABS,theinternaldia

33、meterofbilgebranchforC/Hisnottobelessthanthatobtainedfromthefollowingformula:d3=25+2.16X；l3(B+D)=25+2.1629.04x(32.26+20.20)223.50m21.20m29.04m=109.3mmL1Lengtho.a.l2lengthofenginerooml3maximallengthofC/HBbreadthofship32.26mDdepthofshipbulkheaddeck20.20mCapacityofthebilgeeachpump:Qb=0.00565d2=0.00565X

34、206.92=241.86m3/h2. FiregeneralservicepumpsQfTotalcapacityoffirepumps:44Q=-Q=-x241.86二322.48m3/hf3b3Accordingtorule,thetotalcapacityoffirepumpshallnotbemorethan180m3/h,thecapacityofeachfirepumptobe90m3/h,Choosethecapacityoffiregeneralservicepumpis:125/245m3/hX0.9/0.3MPa,2sets.3. EmergencyfirepumpQef

35、efAccordingtoSOLAS,thecapacityofemergencyfirepumpshallnotbelessthan0.4Qf.QfR4X180=72m3/hChoosethecapacityofemergencyfirepumpis72m3/h,1set.CALCULATIONOFCOSYSTEMFORENGINEROOM2Cubageofengineroom(includecasing):9339m3CubageofCO2:35%X9339=3268.65m3Cubageofengineroom(excludecasing):8435m3CubageofCO2:40%X8

36、435=3374m3Requisitemaximalcapacity:Choose68l(45kg)CO2bottle,quantityofCO2bottle:6025/45=133.9setsChooseCObottlesnotbelessthan134sets.2W.ESTIMATIONOFHEATBALANCEFORCOOLINGWATER(ACCORDINGTOMAINENGINEDEVELOPINGMAX.COTINUOUSRATINGANDFORTWOGENERATORDIESELENGINESANDFRESHWATERGENERATORISNOTUSED)1.Estimation

37、offreshwatersystemNO.NAMECAPACITY(kW)REQUIREDF.W.FLOW(M3/h)F.W.INLETTEMP.(C)F.W.OUTLETTEMP.(C)REMARK1M/EAIRCOOLER43601803656.82M/EL.O.COOLER9101203642.53M/EJACKETWATER1610(100)42.556.34AUX.DIESELENGINES(INCLUDEAIRCOOLER,L.O.COOLER&F.W.COOLER)(2)GENERATORF.W.COOLER2x5022x483648.3ACC.TOTWOSETSTOBEOPERATED2x502x153638.95MAINAIRCOMPRESSOR252X1.53650.3ACC.TOONESETTOBEOPERATED6REFRIGERATINGCONDENSER8.62X6.53637.1ACC.TOONESETTOBEOPERATED7CENTRALAIRCONDITIONINGCONDFNSFR2X1852X42.13639.8ACC.TOTWOSETSTOBEOPERATED8ECRAIRCONDITIONINGUNIT184.53639.49GALLEYAIRCONDITIONINGUNIT