人教版高中英语语法复习资料

1、学习必备欢迎下载语法时间是一门研究英语语言构成规律的学科。词法-语法-句法简单句：在句子中只包含一套主谓结构。 并列句：通常由一个连词连接的并列的句子 复合句：大句套小句 一气：虚拟语气二词：非谓语动词、情态动词三句：名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句3.分词：DoneEg2. My mother ordered the homework to be done.非谓语动词的宾补，其逻辑主语为前面宾语方法一：口诀法非谓语，三要点。 变否定，NOT前。 哼哈将，时逻关。 七仙女，记心间。（一）变否定（二）哼哈将1动词不定式 ，Eg1. The ocea n and seas surro unding

2、the isla ndS围绕着群p海洋ue深蓝名词性从句、状语从句定语从句-1.2.在句中不能作谓语的动词叫做非谓语动词 啥样呢？不定式：To do动名词：Doing时态、语态谓语动词 情态动词逻辑天糸时间关系主动关系被动关系简单句复合句并列句非谓语动词语法目的词形容词名词 数词 代词动词 介词 副词感叹词冠词 连词陈述句疑问句祈使句感叹句学习必备欢迎下载一般式To doTo be done完成式To have doneTo have bee n done进行式To be doing(To be being done)完成进行式To have being doingj (To have bee

3、 n being d一般式：不定式的动作和谓语动词动作同时发生或在谓语动词之后的动作发生。完成式：不定时动作在谓语动词动作之前发生BA:谓语动词B:不定式Eg3. Jay Chou taught us to黄河大合唱last ni ght.进行式：不定时的动作和谓语动词动作同时正在进行AA:谓语动词BB:不定式Eg4. Whe n his mother en tered, the boy prete nded to be sleep ing.完成进行式：不定时的动作在谓语动词动作之前发生，一直持续到谓语动词动作，到谓语动词动作为止。不定时的动作有可能刚刚结 束，还有可能继续延续下去。A-B B

4、B -kBA:谓语动词B:不定式IIEg5. Mr. Zhong is said to have bee n work ing as a teacher for 10 years.2.动名词 （同时具有动词和名词的双重性质，Doing学习必备欢迎下载逻辑关系A：谓语动词B：不定式学习必备欢迎下载时间关系-主动关系被动关系一般式Doi ngBeing done完成式Having doneHaving bee n done一般式：动名词动作与谓语动词动作同时发生AA:谓语动词BB:动名词若非谓语动词动作在谓语动词动作之后发生，则通常用“To do完成式：动名词动作在谓语动词动作之前发生。A-1-

5、1- 1- kBA:谓语动词B:不定式Eg6. She didack no wledge hav ing received my flowers.Eg7. Xiaoqiang was so lucky that it had just missed being caught.To Do一般式 ”Doi ng（1.固定搭配；2.Eg. mean tod计划mean dohng意味着）某些词（needdemand要求,deserve应得,allow,want,worth,require），用动名词的主动形式表示被动。Eg8. The house n eeds repairi ng.MBe wort

6、hy of being done=Be worthy to be doneEg9. Want +to c想要.）/ doing想要被.）3.分词1）Doi ng & Done现在分词与过去分词相区分的三大原则a.现在分词表示动作正在发生The falli ng man过去分词表示已经完成The falle n manb.非谓语动词作定语，其逻辑主语就是其所修饰的词The excited man The exciting man The exciting film过去分词现在分词被动主动Eg10. The amazing- man(A)The amazed man.(B)A.小丑B.观众

7、c.现在分词有时间逻辑上的变化，而过去分词没有学习必备欢迎下载时间关系逻辑关系一主动关系被动关系一般式Doi ngBeing done完成式Having doneHaving bee n done三个区分: Done & Bei ng doneDone已经被Be ing dor正在被 Done & Having done Done & Having bee n done已经被（通常可互换）过去分词更强调一种由始至终的动作，Havi ng been（更强调分词的动作在谓语动词动作之前发生Eg11. En glish is a Ian guage spoke n all o

8、ver the world.Eg12. Havi ng best show n to the library, we were take n to the restaura nt.2）独立主格自己的主语Eg13. She was sta nding behi nd the door with a book in her hand.独立主格：（两大语法功能）a.具有自己本身的逻辑主语，这个主语不是句子中真正的主语b.独立主格结构在整个句子中充当状语厂adj.adv. 介词短语不定式-Doi ngDoneEg14. The job _A_, we went straight home.A. fin

9、i shedB. finishingC. had fini shedD. was fini shed（三）七仙女七仙女主语宾语介词宾语状语定语表语非谓语宾语补足语句意（With）+n（逻辑主语）+学习必备欢迎下载不定式动名词分词逻辑主语本身通常是句 子本身主 语通常是句 子本身主 语宾语句子 本身 主语所修 饰的 词通常是句 子本身主语1)作主语区分Dong更强调经常性、习惯性动作To do更强调一次性动作Doi nTo do转换Eg15. Smok ing is harmful to our health.It is / was+adj./n./done+for/of+sb/sth+todo

10、（ To dd故真正主语）It is / was+no good/use+do ing2)作宾语区分like/love/hate/prefe叶to do+do ing更强调一次性动作；Doi ng更强 调经常性、习惯性动作)Eg16. I like danci ng but rtdike to dance with you now.（见例）To do表将来，Doi ng表事已做过方法二：讲故事法Eg18. mean+to do/d oingStop/go on+to do/d oing3）作介词宾语区分prep.+do ingEg19. On being in troduced to stra

11、 ngers British people ofte n shake han ds.prep+疑 问词+to doEg20. Xiaoqia ng always gives me some advice on how to express my feeli ngs.Look forward to doi盼望着做某事Be used to doingBe accustomed to do n习惯于做某事Devote on eselfoife4o doingEg17. RememberTo do表将来Doi ng已做过的事ForgetRegret学习必备欢迎下载Canthelp but do = H

12、ave to doUsed to do过去习惯做某事（表示现在不干了）Am/is/are used to do现在习惯于做某事Be used to do被用来作为.Was/were used to（过去被用来做某事（不强调现在）作宾语补足语区分asksb to do sth.感官动词：see,look at,watch,notice,observe, hear, listen to, smell,taste, feel Eg21.使役动词Let, Get, Make, HaveEg22. Let sb doGet sb to主（/ done被） Make sb d主（） / done被） Ha

13、ve to do / doneHave sth to do注意：区分havcS思Eg23. -Excuse me, where is Room 301/ -Just a minu teIhave Bob show youyour room.作状语区分句子，（状语）非谓语动词成分 不定式作状语通常表示目的、结果、程度常译为“为了”分词作状语通常表示伴随、条件、方式、原因Eg24. See ing from the FHegot a won derful view.Eg25. The storm left, having caused a lot of damage to this area.4）

14、5）1.Qo看见某人做某事（整个过程）doing看见某人正在做某事being done看见某人正在被.done看见某人被“使” （共四个）I cantget the car start.Be made to doSee sb学习必备欢迎下载常用搭配：To tell you the truth,学习必备欢迎下载2.too to 3.only to（通常引出意想不到的结果）4.Lift a stone on ly to drop onhis own feet.5.eno ughto足以.6.gen erally speaking常情况下说7.judgi ng from / by6）作定语区分不定式

15、，通常放在被修饰词之后，用来表示一次性或将来的动作 动名词，通常放在被修饰词之前，用来表示被修饰词的性质、 特征、用途分词，既可放在被修饰词之前，又可放在被修饰词之后，通常 表示一个动作；现在分词表示主动或一种持续状态；过去分词表被动，作表语区分系动词：Like, get, come, see, smell不定式通常具有名词性质，用来表示主语所具有的内容，更强调一次性或 将来的动作动名词通常具有名词性质，用来表示主语所具有的内容，更强调经常性、 习惯性动作分词通常具有形容词性质，用来表示主语所具有的兴趣和特性Eg26. My job is feedi ng / to feed pigs.名词性

16、从句一、通常由一个引导词引导的一个小句具有名词的性质，在整个大句中充当一个成分（主、宾、表、同位、补）1.(Whoever come)heows him. 2. We all know that he can fly.3. The n ews that he succeeded in the end is well-k now.4. The problem is that he always eats a lot.考，宀*5. We are si(teat)he will goto th语时舉俱进te SistereChang占八八、主语从句宾语从句同位语从句表语从句补语从句学习必备欢迎下载“

17、猪头”不省1引导词分类引导词、词形词义从句中充当的 成分省略11连 接 词ThatX X主、 同位不可 省； 表、宾可省Whether是联想谐音记头 法（千万孤独）If否连 接 代词 特指（泛指）Who(ever)谁主、表XWhom(ever)谁宾What(ever)什么主、宾、表Which(ever)哪一个主、宾、定Whose(ever）谁的疋有选择项用“Whic”，没有选择项用“What “Whose必须和后面名词同时省略连When(ever)时间 /接Where(ever）地点状rZ副Why原因词How(ever)方式、程度语/ Eg27. This is what I like.找查原

18、则 找从句-鱼查成分Eg28. This is where I run析：厂s+谓（eg. I ranRun viY S+谓+（介+宾）/状Eg 29. Mary wrote an articKevOin the team had failed to win the match 2语时俱进1语序：疑问句在从句中要按正常语序排列（疑问词+S+谓）2）时态：要保持一致Whether If主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中通常用Whether介词后，不定式前，通常用Whether学习必备欢迎下载Whether or”0与“If”不可互换Whetheror nOt与 “If” 可互换4.常见考点1)主语

19、从句放在句前，主句谓语动词用单数固定搭配It is / was +adj./n./done +th从句It seems /happe ns + -t-hatEg30. Which way you tur n is up to you.2)表语从句As As if As though Because正如似乎好像因为Eg31. He looks as if he were drunk.I虚拟语气The reason is /was + that-It is /was + the reason+wlh定语从句)广Because那是因为Eg32. It is because he has just b

20、roken up with his girl friend.宾语从句S + vt. + OS + vi. + prep + OS + v (tell, teach, give, show, make, send) + O + OEg33. Our thoughts make us what we a?想塑造人S +谓+ it + adj. + that从句/to do疑+ do you thi nk /suppos从句主语+从句谓语+其它客观真理一般现在时4)同位语从句通常由that引导，放在某些固定的名词(plan, idea, news, fact, -hope之后n.二二that(同位语

21、从句用来解释说明前面的名词所具有的内容)Eg34. The n ews that she had received the flowe同位语从句e)(The news that she had heard w定语从句)It / That / This + is /was +彳Why那就是的原因3)关系代词关系副词学习必备欢迎下载ThatWhy定语从句WhichWhereEg35. 1 saw a flying pig in the sky.WhoWhenI saw a pig which was flying in the s ky. Whom(But).关系代词&关系副词Whose“

22、三板斧”原则As1.砍逗号That, but, wh不引导非限制性定语从句2.砍先行词（人、物、时间、地点、原因）3.砍成份（定语从句中缺少的成分-主语、宾语、介词宾语、状语、定语）分类引导词、词形先行词从句中充当 的成分范围关 系 代 词Who人(含人名).拟人的物. all,those等,指人时 集合名词表个体时(peoplepolice, teamclass, enemcommittee,group主语宾语（口 语中）/,限&非限Whomprepre（同上）1.2.宾语（可 省略）介词宾语限&非限p + whom, wh不p +whom,wh可斤可省略 以省略That 1

23、. Eg.The g2l. that/- 3.人1.物2.人和物主语宾语 （可 省）限学习必备欢迎下载/whom I wroteletter to is4.5.a(sb.+sth.)不定代词先行词被 最高级序数 词(only, veryall, few, manymuch, litt等)修饰介词宾语prep不能放在that前且可以省 略F,5Which.物1.集合名词2.表物句子3.不明性别 的婴儿主语宾语（可省）介词宾语限&非限prep + which介词宾语不可省prep + which;词宾语可省Whose1.2.人 物定语限&非限ea of hot.1 m

24、illio n必须和后面的名词同时出现Whose = n.+ of + whom /whichEg The Northern Island is famous for the arspring, some of which are-tihiitovthe sky.Eg. New Zeala nd has populati on of about3 people of which 14 perce nt are Maoris.关系代词或关系副词要尽量靠近先行词But 1. Eg.Thernobodjout hashis faults.人物主句变否 定句But = whonot=that主语限学习

25、必备欢迎下载1.2.notAs 1. As weallknQv /expect3.Such /That +n. + thatAsofterhappens人1.f物2.整句3.4.i主语 宾语 表语状语限&非限As VS WhichWhich不能放在整句句首As要多译一个“正如”关 系 副 词Where 1.=prep + which?.3.地点时间原因状语限&非限When 1.=prep + which3.地点 |时间 原因状语限&非限Why 1.=for which 2.3.地点 时间原因状语限定从中的主谓一致定从中的谓语动词取决于先行词(先行词为单数，谓语动词为单数

26、)1.which & a若替代整个句子的句意，则定从中的谓语动词用单数2.若先行词为one of the + n.(pl.则谓语动词用复数；若先行词为the only one of the + n.(p则谓语动词用单数“限制性定语从句”与“非限制性定语从句”的区分Eg36. Xiao Qia ng, who lives in Beiji ng, is my brother.Xiao Qia ng who lives in Beiji ng is my brother.1.“，”逗号2.限制性定语从句只能用来限制、修饰先行词，不能省略，通常放在先行词前，与主句译为一句；非限制性定语从句起

27、补充说明作用，通常可省略，翻译时与主句译为两句。3.Which & A在引导限制性定语从句时，只能用来替代先行词词义；引导非限制性定语从句时，还可替代整个句子的句意。 状语从句学习必备欢迎下载（时间、地点、原因、让步、条件、方式、目的、结果、比较）T比方让木（目）条原地开花结果实（时）（一）比较状语从句“三要” ：AS之间要原形，（“asas”结构，中间加adj./adv.原形）比较对象要对立，eg. YY likes dogs more than I （do）.THAN后主宾要分清（二）方式状语从句eg. ZZ sings be tter tha naeysmeAA正如， 像in o

28、ur departme nt.As ifAs though似乎，好像Anyone else（三）让步状语从句TAny other + r单）1.ThougMAII thoughEvenif /EventhoughWhile后面不加“but,“howeVer；可以出现yet, still, nevertheleTe other + n.（pl.）2.WhateverNo matterwhat,引导名词性从句时不可替换，引导状语从句时可以替换3.Adj.）Adv.+ as /though +S + FArticle +n.IVerbEg37. Ugly as I am, I am ten der.

29、（四）目的状语从句In order thatSo thatSothat（五）条件状语从句（条件状语从句中不能用将来时）1.ifT主将从现2.uni ess二二not除非3.as long as只要.provided that、L在条件下provid ing thaton con diti on that学习必备欢迎下载（六）原因状语从句Seeing thatCon sideri ng thatIn that因为.（引导原因状语从句）（七）地点状语从句Wherever, Where, Any where, Everywhere Eg38. People dblack strengththey l

30、ack will.（八）结果状语从句1.so +adj./adv. + thatso many /few /much /little +n .+thatso +adj. +a /an +n. +that2.such +n. + thatsuch + a lot of +n. +thttsuch a /an +adj. +n.+ that（九）时间状语从句1.When, While, As突然然而伴随2.before & after3.as soon as可用在任何时态=hardly had done whe n did=scarcely had done whe n did二二no s

31、ooner had done whe n didEg39. The stude nts had hardly see n me whe n they ran off.Hardly had the stude nts see n me whe n they ran off.情态动词-完全情态动词：can / could, may / might, will / would, hall / should, must, ought toy 半情态动词：need, doneEg27. Can 1本义：能够；2推测：可能Cant 1本义：不能；2推测：不可能虚拟语气通常提出一种不可能存在的假设或与事实相

32、反的假设对现在:If+did, S+would / should / could / might+do学习必备欢迎下载对将来： lf+did, S+would / should / could / might+dolf+were to do / should do, S+would / should / could / might+do对过去：lf+had done, S+ would / should / could / might+have done虚拟语气中的被动此一律用Was情态动词专题基础知识（一） 情态动词的定义情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度。（二） 情态动词的特点1）有

33、一定词义；2）不受主语人称和数的变化影响；3） 与主要动词的原形（或称不带to的不定式）一起构成谓语（除ought to作 固定词组看待）。（三）情态动词的基本用法1. can （could）1）表示能力，could主要指过去时间。Two eyes can see more tha n one.两只眼比一只眼看得清。Could the girl read before she we nt to school?这女孩上学前能识字吗？2）表示可能（理论上或是逻辑判断上）。The temperature can fall to-60 C , that is 60 C below freezing.气

34、温可降至一60C,也就是零下60C。He cant （could nt） have eno ugh money for a new car.他不可能有足够的钱买新You mustnt smoke while youre walking around in the wood. You could starta fire.在林子里走时勿吸烟，那样可能会引起火灾。3）表示允许。Can I have a look at your new pen?我可以看一看你的新钢笔吗？He asked whether he could take the book out of the read ingroom.他问

35、他可不可以把书带出阅览室。4）表惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。Where can （could） they have go ne to?他们会去哪儿了呢？He cant （couldnt） be over sixty.他不可能超过六十岁。How can you be so careless?你怎么这么粗心？5）比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法。学习必备欢迎下载Can （Could） you lend me a han d?帮我一把好吗？Im afraid we couldn t give you an answer today.恐怕我们今天不能给你答复。2.may

36、 （might）1） 表允许，might可以指过去时间，也可指现在时间，语气更委婉。You may take whatever you like.你喜欢什么就拿什么。He told me that I might smoke in the room.他告诉我可以在房间里抽烟。May （Might） I ask for a photo of your baby?我可以要一张你宝宝的照片吗？在回答以may引起的问句时，多避免用这个词，而用其它方式，如Yes, please. / Certai nly./ Please dont ./ Youd better not. / No, you mustn

37、t.等，以免显得太严峻或 不客气。2） 表可能（事实上）。可以指过去时间，也可以指现在时间，但语气更加不肯定。He may be at home.他可能在家。She may not kn ow about it.她可能不知道这件事。He was afraid they might not agree with him.他担心他们可能不同意他的意见。They might behaving a meeting, but Im not sure.他们有可能在开会，不过我3.must1）表示义务。意为“必须”（主观意志）。We must do everythi ng step by step.我们一切

38、都必须循序渐进地做。You mustnt talk to her like that.你不可能那样对她说话。-Must we hand in our exercisebooks now?我们现在就要交练习本吗？-No, you neednt. / No, you dont have to.不必。（这种情况下，一般不用mustnt）2）表示揣测。意为“想必、准是、一定”等，只用于肯定句。He must be ill. He looks so pale.他准是病了。他的脸色苍白。Shes weari ng a diam ond n ecklace. She must have a lot of m

39、on ey.她戴着钻石项链，一定很有钱。4.shall1）表征询意见，用于第一、第三人称疑问句。Shall I get you some tea?我给你点茶好吗？Shall the boy wait outside?让那男孩在外面等吗？What shall we do this eve nin g?我们今晚做什么？2）表说话人的意愿，有“命令、允诺、警告、决心”等意思，用于第二、第三 人称陈述句。学习必备欢迎下载You shall do as I say.按我说的做。（命令）You shall have my an swer tomorrow.你明天可以得到我的答复。（允诺）He shall

40、be sorry for it one day, I tell you.有一天他会后悔的，我告诉你。 （警告）Noth ing shall stopus from carryi ng out the pla n.什么也不能阻止我们执行这项 计划。（决心）5.will1） 表意愿，用于各种人称陈述句。I will do an ythi ng for you.我愿为你做任何事。None is so blind as those who wont see.不愿看的人眼最瞎。If you will read the book, Ill lend it to you.如果你愿意读这本书，我会把它借 给你

41、。2） 表请求，用于疑问句。Will you close the window? Its a bit cold.请你把窗户关上好吗？有点冷。Wont you drink some more coffee?再来一点咖啡好吗？3）表示某种倾向或习惯性动作。Fish will die out of water.鱼离开水就不能活。The door wont open.这门打不开。The boy will sit there hour after hour looking at the traffic go by.那男孩常常坐在那里好几个钟点，看着车辆行人通过。6.should1） 表义务。意为“应该”

42、（某件事宜于做），用于各种人称。You should be polite to your teachers.你对老师应该有礼貌。You shouldnt waste any time.你不应该浪费时间。2） 表推测，意为“想必一定、照说应该、估计”等。The film should be very good as it is starring firstclass actors.这部新电影是一 流演员主演的，估计拍得很好。They should be home by now.照说他们现在应当已经到家了。7.would1） 表意愿。They would n ot let him in becau

43、se he was poorly dressed.他们不让他进去因为他衣着破旧。I said I would do any th ing for you.我说过我愿意为你做任何事。学习必备欢迎下载2） 表委婉地提出请求、建议或看法。Would you like ano ther glass of beer?再来杯啤酒好吗？Would you mi nd clea ning the wi ndow?请把窗户擦一下好吗？They wouldnt have anything against it.他们不会有什么反对意见。3）表过去反复发生的动作或过去的一种倾向。Every time she was

44、in trouble, she would go to him for help.她每遇至U麻烦都会向她求助。8.ought to1）表义务，意为“应该”（因责任、义务等该做），口气比should稍重。You are his father. You ought to take care of him.你是他父亲，应当管他。You oughtnt to smoke so much.你不应该抽这么多烟。2）表推测，暗含很大的可能，语气较弱。Han Mei ought to kn ow his telepho ne number.韩梅该知道他的电话号码。Theres a fine sun set;

45、it ought to be a fine day tomorrow.今天有晚霞，明天应该是个好天。9. used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态，现在不复发生或存在。疑问式和否定式有两种。He used to live in the coun tryside, but now he lives in the city.他过去住在乡下，现在住在城里。There used to be a building at the street corner, but it has been pulleddown.街道拐角处过去有座楼房，现在拆了。1usednt （didnt use） to smoke.我过

46、去不抽烟。Used you （Did you use） to go to school on foot?你过去常步行去学校吗？虚拟语气是一种表达方式，当我们要表达自己或某人的主观愿望的时候，就用到虚拟语气了。虚拟语气 （高二内容，但虚拟语气在高考的选择题中已多年未出现，主要放在阅读理解中）Verb可以决定pattern句型2 mood语气（1）陈述（2）祈使（3）虚拟1if一般含蓄2语气should句3原型4其他简单的说虚拟语气可以分4类（1，2，4考的比较多）1. if条件句（一般）if条件句主句学习必备欢迎下载现在if+主语+were/v-ed,主语+would（should could

47、might）+do过去if+主语+had+v-ed,主语+would（shouldcouldmight）+have+v-ed将来if+主语+v-ed/wereto/should,主语+would（shouldcouldmight）+do$省略if的用法1去掉if2.should/had/were提前$错综主句和从句发生的时间不同，(有些会给你时间状语)If I were you, I would have taken that position.从句现在主句过去If he had liste ned tome,he would not be in such a big trouble now.

48、(now)从句过去主句现在(含蓄)没有if在条件句中出现常常是：give n, suppose,suppos in g,but for二if sb had not bee nfor,butthat,otherwise,or,without2.表示建议、命令或要求，在从句中用shoulddo美语里should常省略(1)宾语从句建议：advise propose suggest move recommend要求：request require dema nd in sisturge命令：order comma nd direct$(insist表坚持认为suggest表暗示仍用陈述语气)(2)主

49、语从句itis/was+adj/v-ed+thatclause adj/v-ed:importa nturge ntsig nifica ntvita Inecessaryesse ntiali mperativecrucialpreferableadvisablerequireddema ndedi nsisten tdesiredordered natural(3)表语/同位语从句修饰N的表语或同位语从句中(通常是前两组的名词性词)Advicedesireidea suggestion、request、planmotion demandorder proposalrequireme nt

50、comma nder comme ndati on in siste nee prefere nee3原型Eg。god bless you.判断依据：正常s第三人称v+es/s4其他(1)Wish从句中谓语动词学习必备欢迎下载现在were/did过去hadv-ed/could havev-ed将来could/would do(2)would(had)rather类似于wish$l would rather you wrote me once a week.(虚拟) Iwouldratherphoneyou3timesaweektha nwriteyo uon ceaweek.(情态)(3) i

51、ts about/high time that+s+did .表早该做某事(4) if only要是就好了，但愿常省略主句ifonl ylwere2yearsy oun ger.(5) as if/though1不用虚拟2用同if虚拟(6)以防，唯恐in case, lest, for fear that还有一些表委婉客气1wouldu min dmysmok in ghere?表感情色彩its surprising that she should looks o miserable.在高中阶段，虚拟语气被普遍认为是难度大，不易掌握的语法项目，很容易使初 学者望而生畏，能否从中找出一些规律呢？

52、下面就是根据虚拟语气的谓语动词变 化，把虚拟语气分为四大类型，以便掌握。l.时间选择型当虚拟语气用来表示一种不能成为现实、不真实的情况时，须选择与现在、将来 和过去情况相反的三种不同时间，从而决定谓语动词。这类虚拟语气主要用于如下几方面：(1)虚拟条件句(含蓄虚拟条件句)If l were you，l would study much harder.(与现在情况相反)If he did(were to do, should do)it，he would do it well.(与将来情况相反)I would nt have fini shed the work without your hel

53、p.(与过去情况相反)(2)由even if(though)引导的让步状语从句，其谓语动词变化同于虚拟条件 句，在口语中也可用直陈语气。Eve n if he were here, he would nt be able to help you(与现在情况相反)Nothing could have saved your fathe，even if the doctor had arrived on time(与过 去情况相反)(3)wish后的宾语从句I wish I were five years younger than you.定语从句关于定语从句的简单的概念1先行词：被定语从句所修饰的

54、词。学习必备欢迎下载2关系词：是指连接先行词和定语从句并且在定语从句中做一定成分的词，既 包括关系代词，又包括关系副词。3.定语从句一般放在被修饰的词后面Example:1. He who/that gains time gains all.2. The years teach much which/that the days n ever know.3. Does Faye Won gstilllove the sin ger whose n ameis Nicolas?4. Do you know that guy whom my girl is talki ng to?5. Almost