自考“基础英语”复习资料

1、自考“基础英语”复习资料亠、名词和短语的英汉互译:I.Quota 配额、定量maintenance维持、保持tariff barriers关税壁垒in valid con tract无效合同mono polistic competiti on垄断性竞争depreciati on=devaluati on 贬值inventory 存货清单cost effectiveness 成本效益direct/ in direct tax直接 / 间接税the required reserve法定最低储备金economics of scale 规模经济 packagi ngmaterial包装材料in fer

2、ior product残次品manu factured goods 产成品survey report 调查报告 con sumer goods消费品 export/import quota-出口 /进口配额claim 索赔tech ni cal expertise 技术知识 compensati on trade 补偿贸易 raw material 原材料 traffic jam 交通阻塞 subsidiarycompa ny 分公司 multilateral trade 多边贸易 service trade 服务贸易 trade gap 贸易差额 assembly line 生产线 pla

3、nned/market econ omy 计戈 U / 市场经济Un iversal Product Code 产品统一条形码visible/invisible trade 有形 /无形贸易 insura nee policy 保险单 excess reserve额外储备金 free port 自由港 public interest 公共利益 comparative adva ntage比较优势 trail order 试订单 foreign-trade zones 外贸保税区 sole age nt独家代理 registered trade mark 注册商标geographic area

4、地理位置 sta ndardizedcontainer 标准集装箱 delivery rate 运费target market 目标市场 fraud 欺诈annal reven ce/a nnual gai n 年收入means of producti on 生产资料 retai nedprofits 留存收益 advertis ing media 广告媒介 Gross Natio nal Product 国民生产总值 Gross Domestic Product 国内生产总值 con sumpti on expe nditures 消费品支出 credit rati on 信用额度 kno

5、w-how 专有技术 tax exempti ons 税收减免 demand curve 需求曲线 in come tax 所得税joi nt ven ture 合资企业 in terest charge 利息费 worki ng capital 营运资金board of directors 董事会 workpermits 工作许可 regular port 普通港 productive capacity 生产能力labor force 劳动力 tran sportati onmode 运输方式 inf rastructure 基础设施 barter trade 易货贸易 premium保险费

6、 weather con diti ons 天气条件 market share 市场份额 in vestment expe nditure 投资性支出 profitpositi on 盈利状况 comm uni cati onsystem 通讯系统en ergy crisis 能源危机in flation rate 通货膨胀率fair deali ng 公平交易finan cial in stituti on 金融机构retailer 零售商terms of payme nt 付款方式tech no logy transfer 技术转让a confirm offer 实盘disposable可

7、支的收入shopp ing cen ter 购物中心econo mic crisis 经济危机a price-a nd-market mecha nism 市场价格机制the supply and dema nd apparatus 供求机制inventory carry ing costs 存货占用成本replaceme nt cost 重置费用money market 货币市场capital-output ratio 资本产出比率the differe ntiati on of the product 产品鉴 别intan gible factors 无形因素dema nd schedul

8、e 需求计戈 Ubetter quality products at good values物美价廉的商品a dead-e nd job 没有出路的工作lower the cost 降低成本put on the market 投放市场mass-producti on 批量生产 artificialsilk 人造丝 in the red 赤字prefere ntial credit treasures 优惠的信用措施an in dustrialized country 工业化国家a mercha nt fleet 商船船队checkout coun ter 收款台in terpers onal

9、relati ons 人际关系dow ntow n bus in ess district 城市商业区 check ing acco unts活期存款帐户 high repeat exposure 很高的重复接触率 un derwriti ng 承保hypothetical economy 假设经济capital equipme nt 资本设备 demand/supply elasticity 需求 / 供给弹性in random fashi on 以任意的形式econo mic literature 经济学文献mono poly eleme nts 垄断要素rational?thought-

10、out decision 深思熟虑的理智的决定in surer 承保人taxpayer 纳税人二、单选中易考的短语和句式：the average pers on:般人makeinto :把.制成pay for :为了得到而付钱make profit :盈利；赚钱as far as sth. Is concerned : 就 而言on average :平均 last for ever :一直用下 去look after = take care of: 照看； 照料once in a lifetime :一辈子一次的，难得的persuade sb to do sth :劝说某人做某事persua

11、de sb out of sth/doing sth :劝说某人 不要做某事throw away :丢弃lead to :导致trade in sth for sth else :以一物换取另一物 out of fashion :过时in fashion :流行turninto :使变成get into trouble :陷入困境be at work :在起作用go down:（物价）下降，下跌in the meanwhile :在此期间in limited quantities :有限的数量go into sth :加入：开始做strive to do sth :努力做某事protect -

12、 from 使免受的伤害 beharmful to sth : 对有害first of all :首先be composed of: 由 组成，构成be labled as 贴上标签be on guard :警惕take sth for gran ted :认为某事当然，想当然in the order of :依次序trick sb into doing sth :诱使某人做某事suffer from sth :遭受（疾病、灾难等）as a result of :由于under pressure : 处于压力之下warn sb of （ against）sth :警告、告诫drive sb t

13、o suicide : 逼得某人自杀point out :指出run away from :逃离move house :搬家fall ill :生病in times of : 在时候take up :从事；开始做to tail after a man :尾随某人be in good (poor) health :健康情况好(差)commit a crime :犯罪as with如同那样lose one s lea 失去领先地位cha nge hands:转手、易手leadin 在哪方面居领先地位be desig ned to :目的是add to :提高、增加do away with :消灭、

14、消除check out :付账后离开protection against the cold : 御寒in many different climates :在不同的气候条件下spin sth into yarn :把纺成纱guard a secret :保守秘密be known as: 被称为by no means:决不by means of用、依靠go as high as perce ntag 高达的百分比 arrange for sb to do sth :安排某人做某事 take a train :乘火车hold on to :抓住不放en ter into bus in ess :开

15、始经商according to 根据in general :一般地、大体上get used to become accustomedto 习惯于complain about :抱怨apply to :适用于get along with :与 相处at least :至少deal in sth :经营 slow down :减速provide sb with sth :为某人提供某物be in use :正在使用中place of historical interest :名胜古迹get around : 各处旅行come to the conclusion that: 得至 U的结论是be c

16、hartered for sth :被租来做某事have (no) trouble/difficulty in doing sth做某事有困难be superior to :比 优越mix with :与混合combine with :与 化合on earth :在世间separate from: 把和分开use up:用完an aid to sth :对有所帮助inform sb of sth :通知某人某事go bey ond:超越create a desire for : 激发对 的需求take adva ntage of :利用； 占便宜at this point :此时此刻for e

17、motional motives :出于情感compete with (against) sb for sth : 为了得到某物而与某人竞争rema in in one s min(记在心里get the attention of :吸弓丨的注意get down to do sth :开始认真做某事have advantage in doing sth :做有好处prefer to do sth rather than do sth :愿意做而不愿做to be limited by : 受限于 to confine to 把局限于 in a position to do : 能够做 have

18、a effect o n:对有影响，有作用be aimed at :以为目的relate to :与有关associate with :与 联系在一起be subject to :受 的控制in a search for =in search of: 寻找、寻求lead up :弓 I 入in additi on to :除 之夕卜couple with :与相结合add to :增加trace to :追溯至 Len gage in sth: 从事be in operation :正在运转come into operation :实施、生效at large :普遍地be inclined t

19、o :倾向于；赞同in effect:实质上to be pessimistic about :对感至 U 悲观onside :支持step in 介入bineto：使束缚于makepossible to : 使成为可能by contrast :相比之下break into :闯入come across:路上偶遇某人pull though :使康复settle up :清偿，还清债务make up for :弥补，补偿 put up with :忍受，容忍 bestowed by: 赐予的 beobliged to :不得不 in terms of :在方面 specialize in: 专门从

20、事 mergewith :于联合，结合 appeal to :呼吁be exposed to:使遭受、面对 take in :接收，吸收 prior to :从前的 occasionedby: 由 造成的 be sufficient to :足以 to be pivotal in : 起着关键作用take into account: 考虑到in a swarm :成群，大批be aware of :知晓come up aga inst: 面对的困难be ascribed to : 归结于in excess of: 超过keep pace with : 与并驾齐驱in the aggregate

21、 :总计be paired with :与配对out of harmony with :与不协调yearned for :渴望，向往be charmed with :被迷住in con seque nee:因止匕replace with:用 代替in vest in:在上投资be referenee to :作为 的参考risk doing sth :做某事是有风险的attempt at doing sth :企图做某事 takesth apart :拆开，拆散 leave of:停止must have do ne :表示对过去的推测piggy-baek service :背负式运输服务var

22、y with sth :随而变化 held out :提出，主张anything but :决不是nothing but :只不过，仅仅是自考基础英语英汉互译前十分白拿两份报纸 two copies of newspaper一块肥皂 a bar of soap一件家具 a piece of furniture一把剪刀 a pair of scissors丢弃 throw away陷入困境 get into trouble工业产品 in dustrial goods农产品 agriculture goods一辈子一次性的收获 a on e-in-a-lifetime acquisiti on没有

23、出路的工作 a dead-e nd job付一大笔钱 pay good money过时 be out of fashion流行 be in the fashion批量生产 mass-production降低成本 lower the cost在起作用 be at work物美价廉的产品 better quality productsat good values所得税 in come tax投放市场 put on the market 小批量 inlimited quantities 大量地 in largequantities 要求 ask for 下降 go down 从商 go into b

24、us in ess 努力做某事 striveto do sth. 医疗设备 medical device 劣质产品 inferior products 一条面包 aloaf of bread 温和宽容的 easy- going人造丝 artificial silk 假牙 artificial teeth对有害 be harmful to 警惕 be onguard认为某事当然 take sth for gran ted由组成 be composed of一个中年妇女 a middle-aged wome n一些性格开朗的女孩 an ope n-min dedgirl 一个意志软弱的人 a we

25、ak-m in dedman 一个意志坚强的人 a stron g-m inded soldier 遭受 suffer from由于压力 as a result of stress警告信号 warning signals交通阻塞 traffic jam指出 point out逃离 run away from自杀 commit suicide从事摄影 take up photography高度工业化国家 a highly in dustrializedcountry工业生产 in dustrial producti on制成品 manufactured goods领先 take over the

26、 lead失去领先地位 lose one s lead赤字 in the red就 而言 as far as is concerned易手 change hands赚钱 earn money金融中心 a financial centre贸易中心 a commercial centre国际贸易 international trade夕卜贸 foreign trade商船船队 a merchant fleet巨额金钱 vast sums of money一大笔钱 a large sum of money对付，处理 deal with有形贸易 visible trade无形贸易 in visible

27、 trade贸易差额 trade gap失血 loss of blood高度机械化的工厂 highly mecha ni zedfactory产品统一条形码 uni versal productcode黑白相间的条纹 zebra stripes ( orblack and white stripes)斑马线 zebra crossing油炸土豆片 potato chips炸薯条 French fries黑白电视机 black and white televisions墨画 black and white身上青一块紫一块 be black and blue光学扫描器 an optical sea

28、nner 激光束 laserbeam 目的是 be designed to 消灭，消除 doaway with 付账后离开 check out 至 U 达登记check in 现金出纳机 cash register 在左边 onthe left side 收款台 check out counter 原材料 raw materials 制成品 manufacturedgoods 近在手边 at hand 衣夹 clothes-peg 晒衣绳 clothes-line 桌布 a tablecloth洗碗布 a dishcloth洗碗机 a dishwasher原始人 primitive peopl

29、e现代人 modern people穿着 be dressed in从 上舌 U 去 scrape from把纺成spin into 把制成 makeinto4000 万年前 over four thousand years ago在远古时 in the time immemorial富人和穷人一样 the rich and the pooralike想到 think of剪去 cut off讲故事 spin a yarn保守秘密 keep a secret直接税 direct taxes 间接税 in directtaxes 收入所得税 in come taxes 纳税人taxpayer 税

30、务员 tax-collector 免税的tax-free 国税 state taxes 地方税 localtaxes 穷人 the poor 富人 the rich 年轻人 the young 老年人 the old 高达 ashigh as 以形势 in the form of 政府机关 government offices凭借 by means of在某个星期一的早晨 on a Mo ndaymorni ng在星期一的早晨 on Mon day morning乘火车 take train乘公共汽车 take bus布莱克一家 the Blacks向某人道另 U say goodbye to

31、 sb.向某人道歉 say sorry to sb.每隔几分钟 every few minutes每隔一天 every other day每隔一行 every other line不久以后 shortly afterwards通向 lead to抓牢 hold on to一打鸡蛋 a dozen eggs在阳光下 in the sun注意 pay attention to继续作某事 keep (on) doting好像 as if自信 self-c on fide nee自信的 self-e on fide nt自大的 self-important自助的 self-service自给自足的 s

32、elf-sufficient自学的 self-taught一般的 in general确信 be sure of习惯于 become accustomed to抱怨 complain about说实话 tell the truth说谎 tell a lie适用于 apply to处理 deal with依赖于 depend on必修课 a required course同相处 get along with考虑 think about日复一日 from day to day从始自终 from beginning to end 每况愈下 from bad to worse 减速 slow down

33、在使用中 in use不再使用 out of use免费入场 admission free免所得税 free of in come tax免费获得某物 get sth. free再步行一段路即可到达的距离之内withinwalk ing dista nee探知，查明 find out得至 U 以下结论 come to the con elusion that得出结论 draw a eonelusion交通高峰时间 rush hours交通拥挤 traffic jams援助计划 aid program视觉教具 visual aids助听器 hearing-aid捏粘土 work clay揉面团

34、work dough一定数量的 a certain amount of大量地 in large amounts小额地 in small amounts优于 be superior to劣于 be inferior to把与相混合 mixwith把与分开 separate -from 把分成 separate into用尽 use up表现了 的特点 be characteristic of究竟，至 U 底 on earth五大湖区 the Grate Lakes region 通知某人某事 inform sb of sth.禾 U 用 take advantage of 准备某事 beread

35、y to do sth. 很容易拿至 U withineasy reach 够不至 U out of reach想出，熟思 think out吸弓丨的注意 get the attention of 食品杂货店 grocery store 为竞争compete for 干得好 do a good job 记在心里 rema in in one s mi nd 收款台checkout counter 国营公司state-owned company 合资公司 jointventures 白雪覆盖的山顶 snow-covered peak 糖衣药丸sugar-coated pills 营业时间 bus

36、 in esshors 因公 on bus in ess 开始谈正事 getdow n to bus in ess 激烈的竞争 strongcompetition 通货膨胀 in flation顺差 surplus城市商业区 dow ntow n bus in essdistrict 保险业 in sura nee不断的 never-ending受限于 be limited by被认为是 be perceived as把局限于 confineto为了一切有实用价值的目的 for allpractical purposes能够做 in the position to do使变成 turnto对有

37、影响 have an effect on总纲 general principles以为目的 be aimed at与相关的 relate to与 联系在一起 associate with太阳能 solar power受 的控制 be subjected to弓 I 入 lead up通讯系统 comm uni cati on system能源危机 an energy crisis财政危机 a financial crisis业余画家 an amateur pain ter业余摄影家 an amateur photographer道德的基础 the basis of morality柱基 the

38、 base of a pillar自然现象 the phenomena of nature 故意的 on purpose商业银行 a commercial bank金融机构 a financial institution金融中心 a financial centre财政困难 in financial difficulties与生俱来的特权 the privileges of birth活期存款账户 check ing acco unts 定期存款账户 sav ings acco unts 州政府 thestate government 联邦政府 the federalgovernment答应一

39、项帮助grant a favor答应一项请求grant a request发给银行执照grant a charter to the bank一定量的资产a specified volume of assets遵循一定的常规 follow certa inpractices隶属于州的银行 state banks国家银行 national banks活期存款 dema nd deposits与 相结合 couple with部分准备制的原理 the fractio nalreserve prin ciple在任何一次 at any one time可用，握有 on hand公债 governmen

40、t loans内债 domestic loans夕卜债 foreign loans可能的买主 a prospective buyer增加了 in crease by增加到 in crease to被看作 be counted as防备取款 a precaution againstwithdrawals追溯到 trace to法定最低储备金 the required reserve额外储备金 excess reserves就意义而言 in the sense在某种意义上 in a sense自由港 free port夕卜贸保税区 foreign-trade zones 经济特区 special

41、economic zones 从事于政治 engage in politics 忙着工作 be engage in bus in ess 与某人订婚 beengage to sb.普通港口 a regular port中东 the Middle East远东 the Far East近东 the Near East关税壁垒 tariff barriers起作用，生效 in operati on 为付关税pay a tariff on 索价，要价 charge for原材料 raw material制成品 manufactured products码头工人 dock workers造船厂，修船所 dockyard内河航行 in la nd n avigati on国内工业 home industries国内产品 home products国内贸易 the home trade国内市场 the home mark