必修二unit1culturalrelicslanguagepoints

1、课标人教实验版课标人教实验版高一高一 Module 2Unit 1Reading Do you know what a cultural relic is? Cultural relics are traces or features surviving from a past age and serving to remind people of them.Warming upMing Dynasty vaseLook at the pictures below and discuss what they are and whether they are cultural relics or

2、 not.The Taj Mahal (In India)ivory dragon boatMogao Caves (In China)The Pyramids in EgyptThe Sydney Opera (in Australia)Have you ever seen anything made of amber?Have you ever heard of amber?What is this?Raw amber with inclusions What is amber?琥珀是史前松树脂的化石琥珀是史前松树脂的化石。琥珀是由千。琥珀是由千万年前植物所分泌出来的树脂，经过地万年前植物

3、所分泌出来的树脂，经过地壳变动而深埋地下，逐渐演化而成的一壳变动而深埋地下，逐渐演化而成的一种天然化石。种天然化石。形成于形成于4000万年至万年至6000万万年前，琥珀的主要成分是碳、氢、氧以年前，琥珀的主要成分是碳、氢、氧以及少量的硫，硬度及少量的硫，硬度2-3，比重，比重1.05-1.10，熔点熔点150C-180C，燃点燃点250C-375C。琥琥珀是很珀是很“涩涩”的物质，没有两块琥珀是的物质，没有两块琥珀是完全相同的完全相同的。品种有金珀、虫珀、香珀、。品种有金珀、虫珀、香珀、灵珀、石珀、花珀、水珀、明珀、蜡珀灵珀、石珀、花珀、水珀、明珀、蜡珀等，尤以含有完整昆虫或植物的琥珀为等，

4、尤以含有完整昆虫或植物的琥珀为珍贵珍贵 。Do you know what picture this is?A picture of the Amber Room in St Petersburg in RussiaIn Search of the Amber Room (Prussia) 1709 1709年，生性豪奢的普鲁士国王腓特烈一世命令当年，生性豪奢的普鲁士国王腓特烈一世命令当时普鲁士最有名的建筑师安时普鲁士最有名的建筑师安休鲁达和戈休鲁达和戈德恩着手兴德恩着手兴建建“琥珀屋琥珀屋”（Amber RoomAmber Room）。）。完成后的琥珀屋面积约完成后的琥珀屋面积约5555平方

5、米，共有全由琥珀制成的平方米，共有全由琥珀制成的1212块护壁镶板和块护壁镶板和1212个柱个柱脚，其上饰有银箔，可任意拼装成各种形状。在当时，脚，其上饰有银箔，可任意拼装成各种形状。在当时，琥珀的价值为黄金的琥珀的价值为黄金的1313倍，因此倍，因此“琥珀屋琥珀屋”无论从材料无论从材料的贵重程度还是工艺水平来说都堪称稀世奇珍，曾有的贵重程度还是工艺水平来说都堪称稀世奇珍，曾有“世界第八奇迹世界第八奇迹”之誉。之誉。 为了向俄国示好，加强两国间的军事同盟关系，腓为了向俄国示好，加强两国间的军事同盟关系，腓特烈一世在特烈一世在17161716年决定将琥珀屋赠予俄国的彼得大帝。年决定将琥珀屋赠予俄

6、国的彼得大帝。17171717年，琥珀屋被运抵俄国的圣彼得堡。后来，这座估年，琥珀屋被运抵俄国的圣彼得堡。后来，这座估计价值计价值1 1亿亿5 5千万英镑的艺术珍品又被运到了圣彼得堡郊千万英镑的艺术珍品又被运到了圣彼得堡郊外沙皇村（后更名为普希金城）的凯瑟琳宫。外沙皇村（后更名为普希金城）的凯瑟琳宫。 德国入侵前苏联后，凯瑟琳宫的工匠曾打算用纱和德国入侵前苏联后，凯瑟琳宫的工匠曾打算用纱和假墙纸把琥珀屋遮盖起来。不过，攻占皇宫的德军识破假墙纸把琥珀屋遮盖起来。不过，攻占皇宫的德军识破了伪装，将琥珀屋拆开运到了德国。人们知道德国人曾了伪装，将琥珀屋拆开运到了德国。人们知道德国人曾把琥珀屋收藏在东

7、普鲁士的哥尼斯堡，但自那以后就再把琥珀屋收藏在东普鲁士的哥尼斯堡，但自那以后就再也没有人清楚它的下落。也没有人清楚它的下落。6060年来，人们有过各种各样的年来，人们有过各种各样的揣测，寻找，却始终不见其踪影。充满传奇色彩的琥珀揣测，寻找，却始终不见其踪影。充满传奇色彩的琥珀屋成了全世界最重要的失踪艺术品之一。屋成了全世界最重要的失踪艺术品之一。Catherine Palace琥琥 珀珀 屋屋1. The king of Prussia who gave the Amber Room as a gift to Russia was_. A. Frederick I B. Frederick W

8、illiam I C. Peter the Great D. Catherine IIB Careful readingDetailed information2. The king of Prussia gave the Amber Room to Russia because_. A. he wanted to marry Catherine II. B. he was kind. C. he needed the help of Peter the Great D. he wanted to make friendsC3. The Amber Room was stolen by_. A

9、. Russian soldiers B. German soldiers C. People in Konigsberg D. People in St Petersburg4. In 1941, the city of Konigsberg was in _. A. Germany B. Russia C. Sweden D. FranceBAC5. The Russians didnt hide the Amber Room because _. A. they were at war B. the couldnt find a place C. the German soldiers

10、arrived too soon D. no train could take it away survive (1) vi. 幸存，生还幸存，生还 , 继续存在继续存在 The custom has survived for thousands of years. Camels can survive for many days with no water(2) vt. 从从中逃生中逃生, 经历经历后继续存在后继续存在Only ten people survived the fire. Only two-thirds of the people survived the earthquake

11、.survivor (n.) 幸存者幸存者 survival (n.) 幸存幸存 language points2.in search of sth 搜寻，寻找搜寻，寻找 search for sth（目标）（目标） 搜寻，寻找搜寻，寻找 search sp （范围）（范围） 搜查某地搜查某地ofA1）They started off at once in search _the missing child .2） He _ all his pockets but failed to find his ID. A. searched B. searched for C. in search o

12、f D. looked for 3.情态动词情态动词(could /might /must /should) +have done 表示对过去发生的事情的表示对过去发生的事情的推测，批评，反悔等意思推测，批评，反悔等意思(1)(1)cant/couldnt have done 一定一定没做过没做过sth; 不可能做过不可能做过sth(对过去对过去情况的推测情况的推测,语气较肯语气较肯eg. He couldnt have gone abroad , as I saw him just now.他不可能出国了，因为我刚刚才他不可能出国了，因为我刚刚才见过他见过他 （2）could+havedon

13、e也可以表示也可以表示“本本来（过去）可以做到，但实际并没有做到来（过去）可以做到，但实际并没有做到”之之意意(惋惜，遗憾惋惜，遗憾) eg.Youcouldhavepassedtheexam. 你本能够通过考试的你本能够通过考试的 Wecouldhavelenthimthemoneybuthedidnttellusheneededthemoney. 我们本来可以把钱借给他，但他没有告诉我们我们本来可以把钱借给他，但他没有告诉我们他需要钱。他需要钱。（3）may/mighthavedone 表示对过去某事的推测，认为某一件事表示对过去某事的推测，认为某一件事情在过去可能发生了。如果使用情在过去

14、可能发生了。如果使用might，语气就比较婉转或更加不肯定。语气就比较婉转或更加不肯定。 MarymighthavelearnedsomeChinesebefore. mighthavedone可以表示过去本来可可以表示过去本来可以做到而实际没有做到的事情，有以做到而实际没有做到的事情，有“劝告劝告”或或“责备责备”的语气。的语气。 Youdidntdotheworkwellthatday.Youmighthavedoneitbetter.（4）must have done表示对过去某事的推测，认为某事在过去表示对过去某事的推测，认为某事在过去一定做到一定做到 了了(仅用于肯定句仅用于肯定句)

15、。Liu Dong isnt in the classroom. He must have gone to the library. （5）should have done =ought to have done本应该做本应该做sth 但是事实上并没有做但是事实上并没有做(对对已发生的事情批评责怪已发生的事情批评责怪)You should have told us earlier .What shall we do now ?（6）shouldnt have done =oughtnt to have done本不应该做，但事实上做了（责怪，批评）本不应该做，但事实上做了（责怪，批评）You

16、shouldnt have cheated in exams.（7）neednt have done 本没必要做但是做了本没必要做但是做了（对已发生事情的批评责怪）（对已发生事情的批评责怪）You neednt have bought such a dear watch for her. -Tomisneverlateforwork.Whyisheabsenttoday?-Something_tohim. musthappen shouldhavehappened musthavehappenedA.couldhavehappened Hedidntregretsayingwhathedidb

17、utfeltthathe_itdifferently. couldexpress wouldexpress couldhaveexpressedA.musthaveexpressed -Imsorry.I_atyoutheotherday.-Forgetit.Iwasabitoutofcontrolmyself. shouldntshout shouldnthaveshouted mustntshoutA.mustnthaveshouted Whatapity!Consideringhisabilityandexperience,he_better. needhavedone musthave

18、done canhavedoneA.mighthavedone She_haveleftschool,forherbikeisstillhere. cant wouldnt shouldntA.needntIm sorry I couldnt get in touch with him before he left. I _him earlier.A must have phoned B might have phonedC should have phoned D would have phonedJohns score on the test is the highest in the c

19、lass. He _.A should study last nightB should have studied last nightC must have studied last nightD need study last night4. gift 礼物礼物; 天赋天赋have a gift for 在某方面有天赋在某方面有天赋 He has got lots of birthday gifts. He is a man of gifts. 他多才多艺。他多才多艺。 The boy has a gift for music. gifted (adj.) 有天赋的有天赋的5. belon

20、g to 属于，是属于，是的成员的成员, 是是的组的组成部分成部分, 是是的属性的属性, 职能等职能等eg. All the goods here belong to the school. Who does this garden belong to? belong to 不用于被动语态和进行时态不用于被动语态和进行时态6. in return 作为回报作为回报, 作为回馈作为回馈eg. 为报答约翰为报答约翰, 我们开车把他送回家。我们开车把他送回家。In return, we drove John back home. in return for 作为作为的回报的回报eg. I bough

21、t him a drink in return for his help .区分：区分：in turn 轮流地轮流地, 依次依次; 反过来反过来7. serve as 用作用作, 充当，担任充当，担任That cup will serve as a sugar bowl.serve 服务服务, 供职供职serve in the army 服兵役服兵役serve for 为谁服务为谁服务 I have served for this company for 2 years. 8.Later,CatherinehadtheAmberRoommovedtothePalace havesth.done

22、表示表示“请人做某事请人做某事” eg.Ihadmyhaircutyesterday. eg.我要请人修理单车我要请人修理单车. Iwanttohavemybikerepaired. havesth.done还可表示还可表示“使遭遇某种使遭遇某种(不幸的不幸的)事情事情” eg.Ihadmywatchstolenlastnight. Hehadhislegbrokeninthematchlastweek.have 的其他用法：的其他用法：have sb do sth 让某人做让某人做have某事某事have sb doing sth 让某人一直做某事让某人一直做某事Mother had me

23、clean the room.The boss had his workers working all day. 9.Almostsixhundredcandleslittheroom. lightvi.vt.照亮，点亮照亮，点亮 过去式，过去分词可用过去式，过去分词可用lit,lighted，当过当过去分词作定语修饰名词时，只能用去分词作定语修饰名词时，只能用lighted alightedcandle() alitcandle()10. consider 认为，考虑认为，考虑 consider sb.(sth.) + adj. / n./to be /as 认为认为sb(sth)是是 co

24、nsider that-clause 认为认为e.g. He was considered(as/ to be) one of the greatest scientists in the world. She considers that it is too early to form a definite(确切的确切的) conclusion.2) consider （考虑）（考虑） + n. / doing sth. + 疑问词疑问词 +to do sth.e.g. 我们正在考虑买一辆新车。我们正在考虑买一辆新车。e.g. 他正在考虑下一步怎么办。他正在考虑下一步怎么办。Abraham

25、Lincoln is generally considered _ the greatest president of America.A. to be B. as C. / D. All of the above.We are considering buying a new car.He was considering what to do next. His invention _ of no use by the scientists of that time. considered being considered to be was considered to beA.was co

26、nsidered being Now that she is out of a job, Lucy _ going back to school, but she hasnt decided yet.A.had consideredB. has been consideringC. consideredD. is going to consider11.There is no doubt that . 毫无疑问毫无疑问=We have no doubt that = No doubt thatThere is no doubt that we can finish our task ahead

27、 of time.There is no doubt about/of sth. 毫无疑毫无疑问问 =We have no doubt about/of sth. There is no doubt about/of his honesty.doubt也可作及物动词，也可作及物动词，“怀疑，不信怀疑，不信”,(1)doubtsth.Idoubtthetruthofit.我怀疑它的真实性。我怀疑它的真实性。(2)在肯定句中常接在肯定句中常接whether/if从句，在否定句从句，在否定句和疑问句中常接和疑问句中常接that从句从句Idoubtwhetherwecangetthefirstplac

28、einthecompetition.Idontdoubtthathewilltellusthetruth.Doyoudoubtthatshewillsucceed?1)- What about my paper, John?- Well-written! _ youll get full marks.No wonderNo doubtThere is no wonderA.Its no doubt 3) - Lily is sure to win the oral English contest . - But I doubt _ she will make it . A. that B. w

29、hether C. how D. when 4) I have no doubt _ they will be glad to see me. A. if B. whether C. that D. of 5) There is some doubt _ he can do a good job of it.whether B. that C.what D.why 6)He never doubted _ they would succeed.where B. whether C.when D.that12. remain Vi 剩余剩余,剩下剩下 ,停留，留下停留，留下 remain (+副

30、词副词 / 介词短介词短语语) The children ate and ate until no food remained on the table . After the party Judy remained and helped me do the dishes . 2）系动词：仍是）系动词：仍是,依然依然 remain + 形容词形容词 / 名词名词 / 介词介词短语短语(系表结构系表结构) Peter became a judge but John remained a fisherman . The weather still remained warm in October.

31、 3) remain + to do A lot of work remains to be done. It remains to be seen whether he will pass . 他是否通过考试他是否通过考试仍不得而知仍不得而知拓展拓展remaining adj. 剩下的（作前置定语）剩下的（作前置定语）注意：注意：remain 没有被动语态没有被动语态 表达表达“留下来留下来被做被做”时用时用 sth. remains to be done The fact remains to be proved.事实尚待证明事实尚待证明Although he has taken a lo

32、t of medicine, his health _ poor. A. proves B. remains C. maintains D. continuesIt was already past midnight and only three young men _ in the tea house. A. left B. remained C. delayed D. deserted这辆自行车值这辆自行车值500块钱。块钱。这个博物馆（非常）值得参观。这个博物馆（非常）值得参观。The museum_.这本书很值得一读。这本书很值得一读。This book is well worth r

33、eading.The bicycle is worth 500 yuan.is（well) worth a visit. 13.be worth +钱数钱数 be (well) worth + n/doing sth worth:n.价值价值thetrueworthofonesfriendship某人友谊的真正价值某人友谊的真正价值 worthy: 值得的值得的be worthy to be done be worthy of being done be worthy of + n. The museum is worthy of a visit.这个建议值得考虑这个建议值得考虑。This s

34、uggestion is worthy to be considered. of being considered.worthwhile adj. 值得做的；可作定语和表语值得做的；可作定语和表语 It is worthwhile to do sth It is worthwhile doing sthe.g.It is worthwhile to do the job. doing the job. a worthwhile job. The experiment is worthwhile. The book is _.worth reading.=The book is worthy o

35、f being read= The book is worthy to be read= It is worthwhile to read the book.= It is worthwhile reading the book.典型例题典型例题It is not _ to discuss the question again and again.A. worth B. worthyC. worth-whileD. worth while14. prove v. 证明，证实证明，证实 1) vt. prove+ n./代词代词/从句从句 证明证明 e.g我们在战斗中证实了自己的勇气。我们在战斗

36、中证实了自己的勇气。 只要给我个机会，我会证明给你看。只要给我个机会，我会证明给你看。 这证明我是对的。这证明我是对的。Wehaveprovedourcourageinbattle.JustgivemeachanceandIllproveittoyou.Thisproves(that)Iwasright.2) link-v 系动词系动词 (此时无被动，无进行时此时无被动，无进行时) prove + (to be) n./adj. 被发现是被发现是; 被证明是被证明是(主动表被动主动表被动)eg. Einsteins theory proved (to be ) correct.Premier

37、Zhou _ to be unforgettable in the hearts of the Chinese people. A. proved B. regarded C. thought D. considered12. 区别：区别：state, country, nation, 三个词都三个词都表示表示“国家国家”: state则重于政权则重于政权, country 则重于疆土则重于疆土, 而而nation 则重于民族则重于民族 Our _ is larger than Japan. Our Chinese _ is playing an important role in the w

38、orld now. Anyone who gives out the _ secret will be punished seriously.countrynationstate15. 介词介词+名词名词 (表状态表状态)at war/work/home/tableon show/duty/sale/holiday/fire/watchin trouble/danger/battle/doubtunder repair/discussion/construction 16. Theres no doubt that Theres no need to do / for sth / sb The

39、res no possibility that (Its) no wonder (that)难怪难怪Do you doubt _ she will succeed?I doubt _ he will keep his word.(1) I have no doubt _ he will win the game.thatif/whetherthat17. remain (1) vi. 留下留下, 遗留遗留 I went to the city, but my brother remained at home. (2) link-verb. 后接后接n. /adj. /介词短语介词短语/表位置的

40、表位置的adv. My friend became a boss, but I remained a teacher. The death of the old man remained unknown. The problem remains to be discussed.Nothing remains but to send the invitation out. (只要只要就行了就行了)It only remains for me to sign the paper that you gave me. (某人所要做的只是某某人所要做的只是某事事)He bought a new book

41、 with the _ (剩下的剩下的) 40 yuan.=He bought a new book with the 40 yuan _. (剩下的剩下的) remainingleft考例考例1 Although he has taken a lot of medicine, his health _ poor. (上海上海2002春春)A. proves B. remainsC. maintains D. continues点拨点拨 remain 意为意为“仍然是仍然是”，后接形，后接形容词作表语。容词作表语。prove 证明；证明；maintain 维维持；持；continue 继续。继

42、续。考例考例2 It was already past midnight and only three young men _ in the tea house. (安徽安徽2006)A. left B. remainedC. delayed D. deserted点拨点拨 remain 意为意为“停留停留; 逗留逗留”。delay 耽搁；耽搁；desert 遗弃。遗弃。18. former a. 以前的以前的, 从前的从前的Her former husband 她的前夫她的前夫n. 前者前者Of the two possibilities, the former seems more lik

43、ely.19. worth, worthy, worth-while都为都为adj.意为意为“值得值得” worth: be worth + n. 当名词为金钱当名词为金钱时时, 表示表示“ 值得值得”be worth doing sth. “某事值得被做某事值得被做”The question is not worth discussing again and again. worthy: be worthy of +n.当名词为抽当名词为抽象名词时表示象名词时表示 “值得值得”be worthy to be done 某事值得被做某事值得被做The question is not worth

44、y to be discussed again and again. worth-while: be worth-while to do sth “值得做某事值得做某事” It is worth while doing sth It is worth while sb to do sth.I. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出该单词的正确形式。母或汉语提示，写出该单词的正确形式。1. The gloves were _ (设计设计) for extremely cold climates.2. I wouldnt tell lies to you; thats not my _ (风格风格).3. The woman was delighted at the recovery of her stolen _ (珠宝珠宝).4. There is no _ (怀疑怀疑) that we will be successful.designed style jewelsdoubt5. _ (接收效果接收效果) of TV programs is unsatisfactory here.6. I dont f_ walking in the rain.7. The